Persistent Atrial FibrillationEPIREAFNCT02979847
Epicardial Approach in Recurred Atrial Fibrillation
A study testing hybrid approach and conventional endocardial approach in people with Persistent Atrial Fibrillation, run by Korea University Anam Hospital at 1 site in South Korea.
Trial summary
We aimed to assess the benefit of epicardial mapping and ablation in patients with recurred atrial tachyarrhythmias after single procedure for atrial fibrillation. We hypothesize that both endocardial and epicardial approach is superior to only endocardial approach with regards to clinical recurrence. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 80 years
- Conditions the study is for
- Persistent Atrial Fibrillation
- What is being tested?
- hybrid approach and conventional endocardial approach
- Type of treatment
- Surgery or procedure
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 100 participants
- Where
- 1 siteSouth Korea
- Study dates
- 29 Jun 2016to 11 Nov 2020
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 80 years
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Patients with persistent AF (AF episode lasting > 7 days)
- Patients with symptomatic AF that is refractory to at least one antiarrhythmic medication
- Patients with recurrent arrhythmia after prior catheter ablation
- Patients undergoing a repeat ablation procedure for AF
- At least one episode of AF must have been documented by ECG, Holter, loop recorder, telemetry, trans telephonic monitoring (TTM), or implantable device within last 2 years of enrollment in this investigation
- Patients must be able and willing to provide written informed consent to participate in this investigation
Who cannot join
- Patients with permanent AF;
- Permanent AF will be defined as a sustained episode lasting more than 1 years and sinus rhythm never be observed .
- Patients for whom cardioversion or sinus rhythm will never be attempted/pursued;
- Patients with AF felt to be secondary to an obvious reversible cause
- Patients with contraindications to systemic anticoagulation with heparin or warfarin or a direct thrombin inhibitor;
- Moderate to severe valvular disease
- Patients who are pregnant. Pregnancy will be assessed by patients informing the physicians.
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
South Korea1 site
Korea University Medical Center Anam hospital
Seoul, 02841
About this study
Official title: Role of Epicardial Mapping and Ablation for Redo Procedure in Patients With Non-paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation: a Prospective Randomized Trial
We aimed to assess the benefit of epicardial mapping and ablation in patients with recurred atrial tachyarrhythmias after single procedure for atrial fibrillation. We hypothesize that both endocardial and epicardial approach is superior to only endocardial approach with regards to clinical recurrence. Participants are randomized into a hybrid approach or an endocardial approach.
Read the detailed description
Atrial electrical activity during atrial fibrillation depends on the distribution of myocardial tissue. Circumferential and longitudinal muscular bundles are multi-level crossing across the entire thickness of atrial wall. At radiofrequency catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation, transmural lesions are important to reduce the arrhythmogenic substrates and to prevent recurrence of scar-related atrial tachyarrhythmias.
Radiofrequency ablation applying electric current depends on impedance between patch and the tip electrode of a catheter. Increased impedance results in increased tissue heating, following an irreversible damage. However, overheating limits to create deep lesion formation because an increased impedance impedes the energy delivery to tissue. Furthermore, prolonged ablation time may result in severe complications, such as steam pop, cardiac perforation, and char formation. Therefore, both endocardial and epicardial ablations may be more effective to create a transmural lesion compared with only endocardial ablation.
Organized atrial tachycardia is common in patient who underwent ablation for atrial fibrillation. Activation mapping for atrial tachycardia is critical for ablating an isthmus. However, when the amplitude of endocardial potentials after previous ablations is decreased as system does not detect, summation of data from endocardium may give us wrong information about atrial tachycardia. Data from epicardial potential during tachycardia may be helpful to terminate a tachycardia.
We aimed to assess the benefit of epicardial mapping and ablation in patients with recurred atrial tachyarrhythmias after single procedure for atrial fibrillation. We hypothesize that both endocardial and epicardial approach is superior to only endocardial approach with regards to clinical recurrence. Participants are randomized into a hybrid approach or an endocardial approach.
- Conditions
- Persistent Atrial Fibrillation
- Being tested
- hybrid approach, conventional endocardial approach
- Keywords
- persistent atrial fibrillation, catheter ablation, epicardial mapping and ablation
- Medical subject headings
- Atrial Fibrillation
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
hybrid approachProcedure or surgery
Before transseptal puncture, epicardial puncture is performed through subxyphoid approach. Atrial epicardial potentials are recorded using multi-electrode catheter, leading an activation map for atrial tachycardia and map for continuous fractionated atrial electrograms during atrial fibrillation. Endocardial potentials are also recorded in the same fashion. Procedural endpoint is a tachycardia termination or a noninducibility of tachycardia.
conventional endocardial approachProcedure or surgery
Atrial endocardial potentials are recorded using multi-electrode catheter, leading an activation map for atrial tachycardia and map for continuous fractionated atrial electrograms during atrial fibrillation. Procedural endpoint is a tachycardia termination or a noninducibility of tachycardia.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Treated | Experimental | hybrid approach (epicardial and subsequent endocardial mappings and ablations) Receives: Procedure: hybrid approach |
| Control | Active comparator | conventional endocardial approach Receives: Procedure: conventional endocardial approach |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Freedom from AF/AT recurrence
Freedom from sustained AF/AT recurrence Sustained AF/AT: sustained more than 30 sec documentation in clinical electrocardiography, Holter, event recorder
Measured: 12 months
Secondary outcomes (8)
Freedom from AF/AT recurrence without anti-arrhythmic drug use
Freedom from sustained AF/AT recurrence without anti-arrhythmic drug use
Measured: 12 months
Freedom from AF recurrence
Freedom from sustained AF recurrence
Measured: 12 months
Freedom from AT recurrence
Freedom from sustained AT recurrence
Measured: 12 months
Procedure Time
From skin to skin
Measured: Immediately after procedure
Fluoroscopic Time
Fluoroscopic Time
Measured: Immediately after procedure
Ablation Time
Ablation Time
Measured: Immediately after procedure
Procedure-related Acute Complications
Procedure-related Acute Complications
Measured: Immediately after procedure
Procedure-related Subacute Complications
Procedure-related Subacute Complications
Measured: 3 months after procedure
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted2 Dec 2016 (estimated)
- Study start29 Jun 2016
- Primary completion29 May 2020
- Study completion11 Nov 2020
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (6)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Persistent Atrial FibrillationStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Model description
- Randomized
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 100 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Korea University Anam Hospital
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Young-Hoon Kim, MD, Korea University Anam Hospital
- Investigators
- Young-Hoon Kim, MD, PhD, Principal investigator, Korea University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT02979847
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 2016AN0127
- Acronym
- EPIREAF
- Status last verified
- Nov 2020
- First submitted
- 11 Sep 2016
- Last updated
- 17 Nov 2020
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- Yes
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No: The individual participant data is not available to share with other researchers.
Publications
Eckstein J, Zeemering S, Linz D, Maesen B, Verheule S, van Hunnik A, Crijns H, Allessie MA, Schotten U. Transmural conduction is the predominant mechanism of breakthrough during atrial fibrillation: evidence from simultaneous endo-epicardial high-density activation mapping. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol. 2013 Apr;6(2):334-41. doi: 10.1161/CIRCEP.113.000342. Epub 2013 Mar 19.
PubMed 23512204Lee G, Kumar S, Teh A, Madry A, Spence S, Larobina M, Goldblatt J, Brown R, Atkinson V, Moten S, Morton JB, Sanders P, Kistler PM, Kalman JM. Epicardial wave mapping in human long-lasting persistent atrial fibrillation: transient rotational circuits, complex wavefronts, and disorganized activity. Eur Heart J. 2014 Jan;35(2):86-97. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/eht267. Epub 2013 Aug 8.
PubMed 23935092Lee G, Spence S, Teh A, Goldblatt J, Larobina M, Atkinson V, Brown R, Morton JB, Sanders P, Kistler PM, Kalman JM. High-density epicardial mapping of the pulmonary vein-left atrial junction in humans: insights into mechanisms of pulmonary vein arrhythmogenesis. Heart Rhythm. 2012 Feb;9(2):258-64. doi: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2011.09.010. Epub 2011 Sep 9.
PubMed 21907170Pak HN, Hwang C, Lim HE, Kim JS, Kim YH. Hybrid epicardial and endocardial ablation of persistent or permanent atrial fibrillation: a new approach for difficult cases. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 2007 Sep;18(9):917-23. doi: 10.1111/j.1540-8167.2007.00882.x. Epub 2007 Jun 16.
PubMed 17573836Verheule S, Tuyls E, Gharaviri A, Hulsmans S, van Hunnik A, Kuiper M, Serroyen J, Zeemering S, Kuijpers NH, Schotten U. Loss of continuity in the thin epicardial layer because of endomysial fibrosis increases the complexity of atrial fibrillatory conduction. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol. 2013 Feb;6(1):202-11. doi: 10.1161/CIRCEP.112.975144. Epub 2013 Feb 6.
PubMed 23390124Eckstein J, Schotten U. Rotors and breakthroughs as three-dimensional perpetuators of atrial fibrillation. Cardiovasc Res. 2012 Apr 1;94(1):8-9. doi: 10.1093/cvr/cvs093. Epub 2012 Feb 13. No abstract available.
PubMed 22331500
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 17 Nov 2020. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Role of Epicardial Mapping and Ablation for Redo Procedure in Patients With Non-paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation: a Prospective Randomized Trial
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT02979847
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- EPIREAF / 2016AN0127
- Conditions
- Persistent Atrial Fibrillation
- Keywords
- persistent atrial fibrillation, catheter ablation, epicardial mapping and ablation
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 100 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Korea University Anam HospitalUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 29 Jun 2016 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 29 May 2020 (actual)
- Study completion
- 11 Nov 2020 (actual)
- First posted
- 2 Dec 2016 (estimated)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
We aimed to assess the benefit of epicardial mapping and ablation in patients with recurred atrial tachyarrhythmias after single procedure for atrial fibrillation. We hypothesize that both endocardial and epicardial approach is superior to only endocardial approach with regards to clinical recurrence. Participants are randomized into a hybrid approach or an endocardial approach.
Detailed description
Atrial electrical activity during atrial fibrillation depends on the distribution of myocardial tissue. Circumferential and longitudinal muscular bundles are multi-level crossing across the entire thickness of atrial wall. At radiofrequency catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation, transmural lesions are important to reduce the arrhythmogenic substrates and to prevent recurrence of scar-related atrial tachyarrhythmias.
Radiofrequency ablation applying electric current depends on impedance between patch and the tip electrode of a catheter. Increased impedance results in increased tissue heating, following an irreversible damage. However, overheating limits to create deep lesion formation because an increased impedance impedes the energy delivery to tissue. Furthermore, prolonged ablation time may result in severe complications, such as steam pop, cardiac perforation, and char formation. Therefore, both endocardial and epicardial ablations may be more effective to create a transmural lesion compared with only endocardial ablation.
Organized atrial tachycardia is common in patient who underwent ablation for atrial fibrillation. Activation mapping for atrial tachycardia is critical for ablating an isthmus. However, when the amplitude of endocardial potentials after previous ablations is decreased as system does not detect, summation of data from endocardium may give us wrong information about atrial tachycardia. Data from epicardial potential during tachycardia may be helpful to terminate a tachycardia.
We aimed to assess the benefit of epicardial mapping and ablation in patients with recurred atrial tachyarrhythmias after single procedure for atrial fibrillation. We hypothesize that both endocardial and epicardial approach is superior to only endocardial approach with regards to clinical recurrence. Participants are randomized into a hybrid approach or an endocardial approach.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 2
- Model description
- Randomized
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Treated | Experimental | Procedure: hybrid approachhybrid approach (epicardial and subsequent endocardial mappings and ablations) |
| Control | Active comparator | Procedure: conventional endocardial approachconventional endocardial approach |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 80 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (6 listed)
- Patients with persistent AF (AF episode lasting > 7 days)
- Patients with symptomatic AF that is refractory to at least one antiarrhythmic medication
- Patients with recurrent arrhythmia after prior catheter ablation
- Patients undergoing a repeat ablation procedure for AF
- At least one episode of AF must have been documented by ECG, Holter, loop recorder, telemetry, trans telephonic monitoring (TTM), or implantable device within last 2 years of enrollment in this investigation
Key exclusion criteria (7 listed)
- Patients with permanent AF;
- Permanent AF will be defined as a sustained episode lasting more than 1 years and sinus rhythm never be observed .
- Patients for whom cardioversion or sinus rhythm will never be attempted/pursued;
- Patients with AF felt to be secondary to an obvious reversible cause
- Patients with contraindications to systemic anticoagulation with heparin or warfarin or a direct thrombin inhibitor;
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| hybrid approachBefore transseptal puncture, epicardial puncture is performed through subxyphoid approach. Atrial epicardial potentials are recorded using multi-electrode catheter, leading an activation map for atrial tachycardia and map for continuous fractionated atrial electrograms during atrial fibrillation. Endocardial potentials are also recorded in the same fashion. Procedural endpoint is a tachycardia termination or a noninducibility of tachycardia. | Procedure or surgery | Treated |
| conventional endocardial approachAtrial endocardial potentials are recorded using multi-electrode catheter, leading an activation map for atrial tachycardia and map for continuous fractionated atrial electrograms during atrial fibrillation. Procedural endpoint is a tachycardia termination or a noninducibility of tachycardia. | Procedure or surgery | Control |
Primary outcome
Freedom from AF/AT recurrence
Time frame: 12 months
Freedom from sustained AF/AT recurrence Sustained AF/AT: sustained more than 30 sec documentation in clinical electrocardiography, Holter, event recorder
8 secondary outcomes
Freedom from AF/AT recurrence without anti-arrhythmic drug use
Time frame: 12 months
Freedom from AF recurrence
Time frame: 12 months
Freedom from AT recurrence
Time frame: 12 months
Procedure Time
Time frame: Immediately after procedure
Fluoroscopic Time
Time frame: Immediately after procedure
Ablation Time
Time frame: Immediately after procedure
Procedure-related Acute Complications
Time frame: Immediately after procedure
Procedure-related Subacute Complications
Time frame: 3 months after procedure
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 17 Nov 2020.
- Results publication: PubMed 23512204Eckstein J, Zeemering S, Linz D, Maesen B, Verheule S, van Hunnik A, Crijns H, Allessie MA, Schotten U. Transmural conduction is the predominant mechanism of breakthrough during atrial fibrillation: evidence from simultaneous endo-epicardial high-density activation mapping. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol. 2013 Apr;6(2):334-41. doi: 10.1161/CIRCEP.113.000342. Epub 2013 Mar 19.
- Results publication: PubMed 23935092Lee G, Kumar S, Teh A, Madry A, Spence S, Larobina M, Goldblatt J, Brown R, Atkinson V, Moten S, Morton JB, Sanders P, Kistler PM, Kalman JM. Epicardial wave mapping in human long-lasting persistent atrial fibrillation: transient rotational circuits, complex wavefronts, and disorganized activity. Eur Heart J. 2014 Jan;35(2):86-97. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/eht267. Epub 2013 Aug 8.
- Results publication: PubMed 21907170Lee G, Spence S, Teh A, Goldblatt J, Larobina M, Atkinson V, Brown R, Morton JB, Sanders P, Kistler PM, Kalman JM. High-density epicardial mapping of the pulmonary vein-left atrial junction in humans: insights into mechanisms of pulmonary vein arrhythmogenesis. Heart Rhythm. 2012 Feb;9(2):258-64. doi: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2011.09.010. Epub 2011 Sep 9.
- Results publication: PubMed 17573836Pak HN, Hwang C, Lim HE, Kim JS, Kim YH. Hybrid epicardial and endocardial ablation of persistent or permanent atrial fibrillation: a new approach for difficult cases. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 2007 Sep;18(9):917-23. doi: 10.1111/j.1540-8167.2007.00882.x. Epub 2007 Jun 16.
- Results publication: PubMed 23390124Verheule S, Tuyls E, Gharaviri A, Hulsmans S, van Hunnik A, Kuiper M, Serroyen J, Zeemering S, Kuijpers NH, Schotten U. Loss of continuity in the thin epicardial layer because of endomysial fibrosis increases the complexity of atrial fibrillatory conduction. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol. 2013 Feb;6(1):202-11. doi: 10.1161/CIRCEP.112.975144. Epub 2013 Feb 6.
- Results publication: PubMed 22331500Eckstein J, Schotten U. Rotors and breakthroughs as three-dimensional perpetuators of atrial fibrillation. Cardiovasc Res. 2012 Apr 1;94(1):8-9. doi: 10.1093/cvr/cvs093. Epub 2012 Feb 13. No abstract available.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No. The individual participant data is not available to share with other researchers.
Related trials for Persistent Atrial Fibrillation
Active, not recruiting
CONVERGE Post-Approval Study (PAS)
Chronic Atrial Fibrillation
Recruiting
A Study of Dual Energy THERMOCOOL SMARTTOUCH™ SF Catheter With TRUPULSE™ Generator in Persistent Atrial Fibrillation
Atrial Fibrillation
Not yet recruitingPhase 4
Sacubitril/Valsartan vs Standard Treatment for Preventing Atrial Fibrillation Recurrence After Catheter Ablation in Persistent Atrial Fibrillation Patients With Without Hypertension
Atrial Fibrillation (Persistent), Catheter Ablation
Recruiting
A Study Assessing Arrhythmia Mapping With a Multi-Electrode Mapping Catheter
Scar-related Atrial Tachycardia, Persistent Atrial Fibrillation
Active, not recruiting
A Study of VARIPULSE Catheter and TRUPULSE Generator With VARIPULSE Pro Software in Participants With PAF or PsAF
Atrial Fibrillation
Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Young-Hoon Kim, MD, PhD principal investigator
Korea University
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing hybrid approach and conventional endocardial approach in people with Persistent Atrial Fibrillation, run by Korea University Anam Hospital at 1 site in South Korea.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 6 inclusion and 7 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 17 Nov 2020. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in South Korea. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Freedom from AF/AT recurrence (time frame: 12 months). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT02979847, which also lists 6 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 17 Nov 2020.