Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy - High RiskNCT02995629
Patient Comfort Using Green vs. Yellow Pan Retinal Photocoagulation
A study testing laser indirect ophthalmoscopy pan retinal photocoagulation in people with Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy - High Risk, run by Wills Eye at 1 site in United States.
Trial summary
Our aim is to compare patient comfort when using the 532 nanometer (green) wavelength laser to the 577 nanometer (yellow) wavelength laser during pan retinal photocoagulation to treat patients with diabetic retinopathy. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 years and older
- Conditions the study is for
- Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy - High Risk
- What is being tested?
- laser indirect ophthalmoscopy pan retinal photocoagulation
- Type of treatment
- Surgery or procedure
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 40 participants
- Where
- 1 siteUnited States
- Study dates
- Mar 2016to Oct 2016
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 years and older
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- patient of Wills Eye Hospital Retina Service and/or Mid Atlantic Retina
- volunteer patients age 18 years and older.
- healthy enough to participate in the study.
- willing and able to consent to participation in the study.
- diagnosis of PDR with HRC based on clinical criteria outlined by the DRS.
Who cannot join
- patient less than 18 years of age
- institutionalized patient
- prisoner
- significant media opacity obscuring a view of the superior retina
- history of intra-ocular surgery except cataract surgery
- history of PRP laser within the last 30 days
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
United States1 site
Mid Atlantic Retina- Wills Eye Institute
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19107
About this study
Official title: Patient Comfort Using Green (532 nm) Versus Yellow (577 nm) Laser Indirect Ophthalmoscopy Panretinal Photocoagulation for Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy
Our aim is to compare patient comfort when using the 532 nanometer (green) wavelength laser to the 577 nanometer (yellow) wavelength laser during pan retinal photocoagulation to treat patients with diabetic retinopathy. Secondary outcome measures will be power (mW) required to achieve gray-white retinal burns and duration of treatment.
Read the detailed description
As demonstrated in the Diabetic Retinopathy Study (DRS), panretinal photocoagulation (PRP) reduces the risk of severe vision loss in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy. The DRS recommended that PRP treatment consist of 1,200 - 1,600 laser burns 500 µm in size, one half to one burn width apart, applied to the peripheral retina in a scatter fashion. Most patients who undergo PRP experience discomfort/pain during the procedure. Once present, pain can affect the number and quality of burns delivered and can indirectly increase the number of sessions required to complete the therapy.This may in turn adversely affect patient compliance. Although retrobulbar and peribulbar blocks can provide adequate anesthesia for PRP, these anesthetic methods carry rare but serious risks such as retrobulbar hemorrhage. Previous studies have explored other ways to reduce discomfort related to PRP, including optimization of laser settings, oral and topical analgesics, subconjunctival anesthesia, and even acupuncture.
Currently, green lasers (521 - 532 nm wavelength) are most commonly utilized for performing PRP in clinical practice. Yellow lasers (577 nm wavelength) have been of recent interest in treating diabetic macular edema with micropulse subthreshold grid photocoagulation, but have not been extensively studied in PRP for diabetic retinopathy. Compared to shorter wavelength laser, yellow laser comports high transmission through dense ocular media and less light scattering than shorter wavelengths which minimizes spot size and reduces thermal spread. The limited literature comparing green and yellow laser for PRP in diabetic retinopathy has shown that yellow laser requires less power to achieve a retinal burn. In theory this should translate into a reduction in perceived pain experienced during PRP, however a comparison of green and yellow lasers in this regard has not yet been directly examined and quantified.
- Being tested
- laser indirect ophthalmoscopy pan retinal photocoagulation
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
laser indirect ophthalmoscopy pan retinal photocoagulationProcedure or surgery
Also called PRP laser
- Prior to procedure, eligible patient is dilated and a topical anesthesia is administered 3 to 5 minutes prior to treatment initiation
- Treatment duration is fixed at 50 minutes and power is titrated until moderate gray-white burns are achieved, avoiding long ciliary nerves
- Target treatment of 250 spots
- Only one eye per eligible patient randomized with regard to whether green or yellow laser utilized first
- After treatment,pain assessment conducted:spot count, laser parameters and treatment duration recorded for each respective laser wavelength
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| green (532 nm) laser | Experimental | scatter laser indirect ophthalmoscopy pan retinal photocoagulation Receives: Procedure: laser indirect ophthalmoscopy pan retinal photocoagulation |
| yellow (577 nm) laser | Experimental | scatter laser indirect ophthalmoscopy pan retinal photocoagulation Receives: Procedure: laser indirect ophthalmoscopy pan retinal photocoagulation |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Perceived patient pain assessment
Assessed using a standardized Wong-Baker faces pain scale
Measured: a single time point within 2 minutes of completing laser treatment
Secondary outcomes (2)
Minimum power requirement to achieve moderate gray-white retinal burns
Measured: During treatment
Time of treatment
Time required to treat with each laser
Measured: During treatment
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted16 Dec 2016 (estimated)
- Study startMar 2016
- Primary completionOct 2016
- Study completionOct 2016
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (12)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy - High RiskStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Crossover
- Masking
- Single blind
- Who is masked
- Participant
- Enrolment
- 40 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Wills Eye
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Mid Atlantic Retina
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, MidAtlantic Retina, Wills Eye
- Investigators
- Allen Chiang, MD, Principal investigator, Mid Atlantic Retina
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT02995629
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 16-560
- Status last verified
- Dec 2016
- First submitted
- 5 Dec 2016
- Last updated
- 16 Dec 2016
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- Individual data sharing
- Yes: Manuscript is under development.
Publications
Photocoagulation treatment of proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Clinical application of Diabetic Retinopathy Study (DRS) findings, DRS Report Number 8. The Diabetic Retinopathy Study Research Group. Ophthalmology. 1981 Jul;88(7):583-600.
PubMed 7196564Richardson C, Waterman H. Pain relief during panretinal photocoagulation for diabetic retinopathy: a national survey. Eye (Lond). 2009 Dec;23(12):2233-7. doi: 10.1038/eye.2008.421.
PubMed 19169228Alvarez-Verduzco O, Garcia-Aguirre G, Lopez-Ramos Mde L, Vera-Rodriguez S, Guerrero-Naranjo JL, Morales-Canton V. Reduction of fluence to decrease pain during panretinal photocoagulation in diabetic patients. Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging. 2010 Jul-Aug;41(4):432-6. doi: 10.3928/15428877-20100525-02. Epub 2010 May 28.
PubMed 20608612Mirshahi A, Lashay A, Roozbahani M, Fard MA, Molaie S, Mireshghi M, Zaferani MM. Pain score of patients undergoing single spot, short pulse laser versus conventional laser for diabetic retinopathy. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2013 Apr;251(4):1103-7. doi: 10.1007/s00417-012-2167-5. Epub 2012 Oct 11.
PubMed 23052718Wu WC, Hsu KH, Chen TL, Hwang YS, Lin KK, Li LM, Shih CP, Lai CC. Interventions for relieving pain associated with panretinal photocoagulation: a prospective randomized trial. Eye (Lond). 2006 Jun;20(6):712-9. doi: 10.1038/sj.eye.6701989. Epub 2005 Jul 8.
PubMed 16021194Ko BW, Shim JH, Lee BR, Cho HY. Analgesic effects of tramadol during panretinal photocoagulation. Korean J Ophthalmol. 2009 Dec;23(4):273-6. doi: 10.3341/kjo.2009.23.4.273. Epub 2009 Dec 4.
PubMed 20046687Zakrzewski PA, O'Donnell HL, Lam WC. Oral versus topical diclofenac for pain prevention during panretinal photocoagulation. Ophthalmology. 2009 Jun;116(6):1168-74. doi: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2009.01.022. Epub 2009 Apr 19.
PubMed 19376588Tesha PE, Giavedoni LR, Berger AR, Altomare F, Chow DR, Navajas EV, Yoganathan P, Wong DT, Principe A. Subconjunctival lidocaine before laser treatment: a randomized trial. Ophthalmology. 2010 Sep;117(9):1810-4. doi: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2010.01.036. Epub 2010 Jun 8.
PubMed 20570360Chiu HH, Wu PC. Manual acupuncture for relieving pain associated with panretinal photocoagulation. J Altern Complement Med. 2011 Oct;17(10):915-21. doi: 10.1089/acm.2010.0082. Epub 2011 Oct 6.
PubMed 21978192Vujosevic S, Martini F, Longhin E, Convento E, Cavarzeran F, Midena E. SUBTHRESHOLD MICROPULSE YELLOW LASER VERSUS SUBTHRESHOLD MICROPULSE INFRARED LASER IN CENTER-INVOLVING DIABETIC MACULAR EDEMA: Morphologic and Functional Safety. Retina. 2015 Aug;35(8):1594-603. doi: 10.1097/IAE.0000000000000521.
PubMed 25719988Yadav NK, Jayadev C, Mohan A, Vijayan P, Battu R, Dabir S, Shetty B, Shetty R; Medscape. Subthreshold micropulse yellow laser (577 nm) in chronic central serous chorioretinopathy: safety profile and treatment outcome. Eye (Lond). 2015 Feb;29(2):258-64; quiz 265. doi: 10.1038/eye.2014.315. Epub 2015 Jan 23.
PubMed 25613846Mainster MA. Wavelength selection in macular photocoagulation. Tissue optics, thermal effects, and laser systems. Ophthalmology. 1986 Jul;93(7):952-8. doi: 10.1016/s0161-6420(86)33637-6.
PubMed 3763141
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 16 Dec 2016. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Patient Comfort Using Green (532 nm) Versus Yellow (577 nm) Laser Indirect Ophthalmoscopy Panretinal Photocoagulation for Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT02995629
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- 16-560
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 40 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Wills EyeUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Mid Atlantic Retina
- Study start
- Mar 2016
- Primary completion
- Oct 2016 (actual)
- Study completion
- Oct 2016 (actual)
- First posted
- 16 Dec 2016 (estimated)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Our aim is to compare patient comfort when using the 532 nanometer (green) wavelength laser to the 577 nanometer (yellow) wavelength laser during pan retinal photocoagulation to treat patients with diabetic retinopathy. Secondary outcome measures will be power (mW) required to achieve gray-white retinal burns and duration of treatment.
Detailed description
As demonstrated in the Diabetic Retinopathy Study (DRS), panretinal photocoagulation (PRP) reduces the risk of severe vision loss in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy. The DRS recommended that PRP treatment consist of 1,200 - 1,600 laser burns 500 µm in size, one half to one burn width apart, applied to the peripheral retina in a scatter fashion. Most patients who undergo PRP experience discomfort/pain during the procedure. Once present, pain can affect the number and quality of burns delivered and can indirectly increase the number of sessions required to complete the therapy.This may in turn adversely affect patient compliance. Although retrobulbar and peribulbar blocks can provide adequate anesthesia for PRP, these anesthetic methods carry rare but serious risks such as retrobulbar hemorrhage. Previous studies have explored other ways to reduce discomfort related to PRP, including optimization of laser settings, oral and topical analgesics, subconjunctival anesthesia, and even acupuncture.
Currently, green lasers (521 - 532 nm wavelength) are most commonly utilized for performing PRP in clinical practice. Yellow lasers (577 nm wavelength) have been of recent interest in treating diabetic macular edema with micropulse subthreshold grid photocoagulation, but have not been extensively studied in PRP for diabetic retinopathy. Compared to shorter wavelength laser, yellow laser comports high transmission through dense ocular media and less light scattering than shorter wavelengths which minimizes spot size and reduces thermal spread. The limited literature comparing green and yellow laser for PRP in diabetic retinopathy has shown that yellow laser requires less power to achieve a retinal burn. In theory this should translate into a reduction in perceived pain experienced during PRP, however a comparison of green and yellow lasers in this regard has not yet been directly examined and quantified.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Crossover
- Masking
- Single blind (participant)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| green (532 nm) laser | Experimental | Procedure: laser indirect ophthalmoscopy pan retinal photocoagulationscatter laser indirect ophthalmoscopy pan retinal photocoagulation |
| yellow (577 nm) laser | Experimental | Procedure: laser indirect ophthalmoscopy pan retinal photocoagulationscatter laser indirect ophthalmoscopy pan retinal photocoagulation |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 years and older
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (5 listed)
- patient of Wills Eye Hospital Retina Service and/or Mid Atlantic Retina
- volunteer patients age 18 years and older.
- healthy enough to participate in the study.
- willing and able to consent to participation in the study.
- diagnosis of PDR with HRC based on clinical criteria outlined by the DRS.
Key exclusion criteria (6 listed)
- patient less than 18 years of age
- institutionalized patient
- prisoner
- significant media opacity obscuring a view of the superior retina
- history of intra-ocular surgery except cataract surgery
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| laser indirect ophthalmoscopy pan retinal photocoagulationAlso: PRP laser* Prior to procedure, eligible patient is dilated and a topical anesthesia is administered 3 to 5 minutes prior to treatment initiation * Treatment duration is fixed at 50 minutes and power is titrated until moderate gray-white burns are achieved, avoiding long ciliary nerves * Target treatment of 250 spots * Only one eye per eligible patient randomized with regard to whether green or yellow laser utilized first * After treatment,pain assessment conducted:spot count, laser parameters and treatment duration recorded for each respective laser wavelength | Procedure or surgery | green (532 nm) laser, yellow (577 nm) laser |
Primary outcome
Perceived patient pain assessment
Time frame: a single time point within 2 minutes of completing laser treatment
Assessed using a standardized Wong-Baker faces pain scale
2 secondary outcomes
Minimum power requirement to achieve moderate gray-white retinal burns
Time frame: During treatment
Time of treatment
Time frame: During treatment
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 16 Dec 2016.
- Background: PubMed 7196564Photocoagulation treatment of proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Clinical application of Diabetic Retinopathy Study (DRS) findings, DRS Report Number 8. The Diabetic Retinopathy Study Research Group. Ophthalmology. 1981 Jul;88(7):583-600.
- Background: PubMed 19169228Richardson C, Waterman H. Pain relief during panretinal photocoagulation for diabetic retinopathy: a national survey. Eye (Lond). 2009 Dec;23(12):2233-7. doi: 10.1038/eye.2008.421.
- Background: PubMed 20608612Alvarez-Verduzco O, Garcia-Aguirre G, Lopez-Ramos Mde L, Vera-Rodriguez S, Guerrero-Naranjo JL, Morales-Canton V. Reduction of fluence to decrease pain during panretinal photocoagulation in diabetic patients. Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging. 2010 Jul-Aug;41(4):432-6. doi: 10.3928/15428877-20100525-02. Epub 2010 May 28.
- Background: PubMed 23052718Mirshahi A, Lashay A, Roozbahani M, Fard MA, Molaie S, Mireshghi M, Zaferani MM. Pain score of patients undergoing single spot, short pulse laser versus conventional laser for diabetic retinopathy. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2013 Apr;251(4):1103-7. doi: 10.1007/s00417-012-2167-5. Epub 2012 Oct 11.
- Background: PubMed 16021194Wu WC, Hsu KH, Chen TL, Hwang YS, Lin KK, Li LM, Shih CP, Lai CC. Interventions for relieving pain associated with panretinal photocoagulation: a prospective randomized trial. Eye (Lond). 2006 Jun;20(6):712-9. doi: 10.1038/sj.eye.6701989. Epub 2005 Jul 8.
- Background: PubMed 20046687Ko BW, Shim JH, Lee BR, Cho HY. Analgesic effects of tramadol during panretinal photocoagulation. Korean J Ophthalmol. 2009 Dec;23(4):273-6. doi: 10.3341/kjo.2009.23.4.273. Epub 2009 Dec 4.
- Background: PubMed 19376588Zakrzewski PA, O'Donnell HL, Lam WC. Oral versus topical diclofenac for pain prevention during panretinal photocoagulation. Ophthalmology. 2009 Jun;116(6):1168-74. doi: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2009.01.022. Epub 2009 Apr 19.
- Background: PubMed 20570360Tesha PE, Giavedoni LR, Berger AR, Altomare F, Chow DR, Navajas EV, Yoganathan P, Wong DT, Principe A. Subconjunctival lidocaine before laser treatment: a randomized trial. Ophthalmology. 2010 Sep;117(9):1810-4. doi: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2010.01.036. Epub 2010 Jun 8.
- Background: PubMed 21978192Chiu HH, Wu PC. Manual acupuncture for relieving pain associated with panretinal photocoagulation. J Altern Complement Med. 2011 Oct;17(10):915-21. doi: 10.1089/acm.2010.0082. Epub 2011 Oct 6.
- Background: PubMed 25719988Vujosevic S, Martini F, Longhin E, Convento E, Cavarzeran F, Midena E. SUBTHRESHOLD MICROPULSE YELLOW LASER VERSUS SUBTHRESHOLD MICROPULSE INFRARED LASER IN CENTER-INVOLVING DIABETIC MACULAR EDEMA: Morphologic and Functional Safety. Retina. 2015 Aug;35(8):1594-603. doi: 10.1097/IAE.0000000000000521.
- Background: PubMed 25613846Yadav NK, Jayadev C, Mohan A, Vijayan P, Battu R, Dabir S, Shetty B, Shetty R; Medscape. Subthreshold micropulse yellow laser (577 nm) in chronic central serous chorioretinopathy: safety profile and treatment outcome. Eye (Lond). 2015 Feb;29(2):258-64; quiz 265. doi: 10.1038/eye.2014.315. Epub 2015 Jan 23.
- Background: PubMed 3763141Mainster MA. Wavelength selection in macular photocoagulation. Tissue optics, thermal effects, and laser systems. Ophthalmology. 1986 Jul;93(7):952-8. doi: 10.1016/s0161-6420(86)33637-6.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: Yes. Manuscript is under development.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Allen Chiang, MD principal investigator
Mid Atlantic Retina
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing laser indirect ophthalmoscopy pan retinal photocoagulation in people with Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy - High Risk, run by Wills Eye at 1 site in United States.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 5 inclusion and 6 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 16 Dec 2016. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Perceived patient pain assessment (time frame: a single time point within 2 minutes of completing laser treatment). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT02995629, which also lists 12 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 16 Dec 2016.