HIV SerosortingNCT02999243
Development of an HIV Self-testing Intervention
A study testing HIV self-testing and Harm reduction education in people with HIV Serosorting, run by University of California, San Francisco at 1 site in China.
Trial summary
This randomized controlled trial (RCT) evaluates whether HIV self-testing (HIVST) facilitates sexual harm reduction and reduces HIV transmission among HIV-negative MSM in China.The intervention group will be offered HIVST kits plus harm reduction education, and followed 9 month, while the control group will receive… Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 years and older, men onlyHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- HIV Serosorting
- What is being tested?
- HIV self-testing and Harm reduction education
- Type of treatment
- Lifestyle or therapy programme
- Could I receive a placebo?
- Yes, some participants may receive a placebo
- How many people
- 27 participants
- Where
- 1 siteChina
- Study dates
- 15 Aug 2017to 21 May 2018
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 years and older
- Men only
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- age 18 years or older;
- born male;
- currently residing in Nanjing and planning to stay as a resident during the study period;
- speaks either Mandarin or the local dialect;
- confirmed HIV negative through HIV rapid testing;
- have had condomless anal sex with a man in the past six months
Who cannot join
- -
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
China1 site
Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention
Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210009
About this study
Official title: Development of an HIV Self-testing Intervention to Reduce HIV Risks Among MSM: Taking the Guess Out of Seroguessing
This randomized controlled trial (RCT) evaluates whether HIV self-testing (HIVST) facilitates sexual harm reduction and reduces HIV transmission among HIV-negative MSM in China.The intervention group will be offered HIVST kits plus harm reduction education, and followed 9 month, while the control group will receive harm reduction educational material only.
Read the detailed description
The HIV epidemic in China is now concentrated among men who have sex with men (MSM), who account for a third of new HIV infections. Despite strengthened prevention efforts and increased availability of HIV testing in the country, testing rates are low and condomless sex is common among Chinese MSM. Globally, condomless sex among MSM, particularly with primary partners, is also ubiquitous. To reduce HIV transmission risks in the context of condomless sex, MSM communities have adopted a range of sexual harm reduction strategies (i.e., seroadaptive behaviors). Essential to the effectiveness of these strategies is accurate knowledge of HIV status within the partnership. This necessitates frequent HIV testing and mutual HIV status disclosure. However, significant proportions of MSM have never tested or not recently tested and are unaware of their own and their partner's HIV status, especially in settings where sexual minorities are stigmatized. Among Chinese MSM, their ability to successfully use these harm reduction strategies is severely limited by low levels of HIV testing and disclosure efficacy. As a result, many Chinese MSM make unreliable assumptions about their own and their partners' serostatus (i.e., seroguessing), resulting in risky condomless sex. As many of these men do not access facility-based testing, new and emerging HIV testing options must be expanded to help these men make informed decisions about sexual risk and harm reduction. HIV self-testing (HIVST) offers a promising prevention strategy to reach more untested Chinese MSM, increase testing frequency, and serve as a valuable prevention tool to assist harm reduction. The investigators propose to determine the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of an HIVST intervention in facilitating sexual harm reduction and reducing HIV transmission among MSM in Nanjing, China. The investigators will: 1) conduct participant observation (N = 20) and cognitive interviews (N=10) to determine what information and support is needed for MSM to use HIVST safely and practice sexual harm reduction responsibly; and 2) recruit and enroll 400 high-risk HIV-negative MSM into a RCT where the intervention group will be offered HIVST kits plus harm reduction education and followed over a 9-month period to determine whether the intervention increases uptake and frequency of testing in partnership, improves disclosure and awareness of partners' HIV status, and therefore facilitates sexual harm reduction and reduces HIV transmission. Expanding HIV testing among key populations is a priority for HIV prevention worldwide. Innovative strategies are needed to encourage MSM to seek HIV testing while taking into consideration existing paradigms of community-originated and driven harm reduction strategies. As HIVST is being introduced to different settings and becoming more accessible, findings from this proposed study will provide vital information on current patterns of seroadaptation and HIVST use; identify what is needed to promote HIVST's proper use for harm reduction and linkage to HIV/STI care, and whether HIVST can improve the accuracy of harm reduction strategies.
- Conditions
- HIV Serosorting
- Being tested
- HIV self-testing, Harm reduction education
- Medical subject headings
- HIV Serosorting
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
HIV self-testingBehavioural
The intervention group will be offered HIV self-testing kits for testing HIV status
Harm reduction educationBehavioural
Both arms will receive harm reduction education
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| HIV self-testing | Experimental | HIV self-testing kits plus harm reduction education materials will be offered to the intervention group. Receives: Behavioral: HIV self-testing; Behavioral: Harm reduction education |
| Education | Placebo comparator | Harm reduction educational materials will be offered to the control group. Receives: Behavioral: Harm reduction education |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Change in participants' HIV testing uptake
Change in proportion of participants being tested for HIV
Measured: Baseline and 9-month
Secondary outcomes (4)
Change in partners' HIV testing uptake
Change in proportion of participants' partners who tested for HIV
Measured: Baseline and 9-month
Questionnaire to assess change in awareness of partner's HIV status
Change in proportion of participants' who report that they are aware of their partners' HIV status
Measured: Baseline and 9-month
Questionnaire to assess change in self-reported sexually transmitted infection (STI) symptoms
Change in proportion of participants who report symptoms of STIs
Measured: Baseline and 9-month
Incident HIV infection
Measured: Baseline and 9-month
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted21 Dec 2016 (estimated)
- Study start15 Aug 2017
- Primary completion21 May 2018
- Study completion21 May 2018
Why it stopped: IRB expired, PI no longer at institution.
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (13)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for HIV SerosortingStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by University of California, San FranciscoThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Prevention
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Double blind
- Who is masked
- Participant, Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 27 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- University of California, San Francisco
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Jiangsu Provincial Center for Diseases Control and Prevention, China
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Chongyi Wei, DrPH, Principal investigator, University of California, San Francisco
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT02999243
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 1R34MH109359
- Status last verified
- Jan 2020
- First submitted
- 14 Dec 2016
- Last updated
- 22 Jan 2020
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- Yes
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
Li D, Li S, Liu Y, Gao Y, Yu M, Yang X, Li Q, Jiang S, Zhou Z, Zhang Z, Yan L, Jiang G, Xiao D, Pan SW, Luo F, Ruan Y, Shao Y. HIV incidence among men who have sex with men in Beijing: a prospective cohort study. BMJ Open. 2012 Nov 19;2(6):e001829. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2012-001829. Print 2012.
PubMed 23166133Wang QQ, Chen XS, Yin YP, Liang GJ, Zhang RL, Jiang N, Huan XP, Yang B, Liu Q, Zhou YJ, Wang BX. HIV prevalence, incidence and risk behaviours among men who have sex with men in Yangzhou and Guangzhou, China: a cohort study. J Int AIDS Soc. 2014 Aug 6;17(1):18849. doi: 10.7448/IAS.17.1.18849. eCollection 2014.
PubMed 25103308Xu JJ, Zhang M, Brown K, Reilly K, Wang H, Hu Q, Ding H, Chu Z, Bice T, Shang H. Syphilis and HIV seroconversion among a 12-month prospective cohort of men who have sex with men in Shenyang, China. Sex Transm Dis. 2010 Jul;37(7):432-9. doi: 10.1097/OLQ.0b013e3181d13eed.
PubMed 20375928Yan H, Yang H, Zhao J, Wei C, Li J, Huan X, Zhang M, Raymond HF, McFarland W. Long-chain peer referral of men who have sex with men: a novel approach to establish and maintain a cohort to measure HIV incidence, Nanjing, China. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2012 Feb 1;59(2):177-84. doi: 10.1097/QAI.0b013e318239c947.
PubMed 21992923Chow EP, Iu KI, Fu X, Wilson DP, Zhang L. HIV and sexually transmissible infections among money boys in China: a data synthesis and meta-analysis. PLoS One. 2012;7(11):e48025. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0048025. Epub 2012 Nov 29.
PubMed 23209551Snowden JM, Wei C, McFarland W, Raymond HF. Prevalence, correlates and trends in seroadaptive behaviours among men who have sex with men from serial cross-sectional surveillance in San Francisco, 2004-2011. Sex Transm Infect. 2014 Sep;90(6):498-504. doi: 10.1136/sextrans-2013-051368. Epub 2014 Mar 31.
PubMed 24687128Eaton LA, Kalichman SC, O'Connell DA, Karchner WD. A strategy for selecting sexual partners believed to pose little/no risks for HIV: serosorting and its implications for HIV transmission. AIDS Care. 2009 Oct;21(10):1279-88. doi: 10.1080/09540120902803208.
PubMed 20024704Xia Q, Molitor F, Osmond DH, Tholandi M, Pollack LM, Ruiz JD, Catania JA. Knowledge of sexual partner's HIV serostatus and serosorting practices in a California population-based sample of men who have sex with men. AIDS. 2006 Oct 24;20(16):2081-9. doi: 10.1097/01.aids.0000247566.57762.b2.
PubMed 17053354Mitchell JW, Horvath KJ. Factors associated with regular HIV testing among a sample of US MSM with HIV-negative main partners. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2013 Dec 1;64(4):417-23. doi: 10.1097/QAI.0b013e3182a6c8d9.
PubMed 23933766Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Prevalence and awareness of HIV infection among men who have sex with men --- 21 cities, United States, 2008. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2010 Sep 24;59(37):1201-7.
PubMed 20864920He N, Detels R. The HIV epidemic in China: history, response, and challenge. Cell Res. 2005 Nov-Dec;15(11-12):825-32. doi: 10.1038/sj.cr.7290354.
PubMed 16354555Gari S, Doig-Acuna C, Smail T, Malungo JR, Martin-Hilber A, Merten S. Access to HIV/AIDS care: a systematic review of socio-cultural determinants in low and high income countries. BMC Health Serv Res. 2013 May 28;13:198. doi: 10.1186/1472-6963-13-198.
PubMed 23714167Wei C, Yan L, Li J, Su X, Lippman S, Yan H. Which user errors matter during HIV self-testing? A qualitative participant observation study of men who have sex with men (MSM) in China. BMC Public Health. 2018 Sep 10;18(1):1108. doi: 10.1186/s12889-018-6007-3.
PubMed 30200905
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 22 Jan 2020. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Development of an HIV Self-testing Intervention to Reduce HIV Risks Among MSM: Taking the Guess Out of Seroguessing
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT02999243
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- 1R34MH109359
- Conditions
- HIV Serosorting
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- TerminatedReason stopped: IRB expired, PI no longer at institution.
- Enrolment
- 27 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- University of California, San FranciscoUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Jiangsu Provincial Center for Diseases Control and Prevention, China
- Study start
- 15 Aug 2017 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 21 May 2018 (actual)
- Study completion
- 21 May 2018 (actual)
- First posted
- 21 Dec 2016 (estimated)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
This randomized controlled trial (RCT) evaluates whether HIV self-testing (HIVST) facilitates sexual harm reduction and reduces HIV transmission among HIV-negative MSM in China.The intervention group will be offered HIVST kits plus harm reduction education, and followed 9 month, while the control group will receive harm reduction educational material only.
Detailed description
The HIV epidemic in China is now concentrated among men who have sex with men (MSM), who account for a third of new HIV infections. Despite strengthened prevention efforts and increased availability of HIV testing in the country, testing rates are low and condomless sex is common among Chinese MSM. Globally, condomless sex among MSM, particularly with primary partners, is also ubiquitous. To reduce HIV transmission risks in the context of condomless sex, MSM communities have adopted a range of sexual harm reduction strategies (i.e., seroadaptive behaviors). Essential to the effectiveness of these strategies is accurate knowledge of HIV status within the partnership. This necessitates frequent HIV testing and mutual HIV status disclosure. However, significant proportions of MSM have never tested or not recently tested and are unaware of their own and their partner's HIV status, especially in settings where sexual minorities are stigmatized. Among Chinese MSM, their ability to successfully use these harm reduction strategies is severely limited by low levels of HIV testing and disclosure efficacy. As a result, many Chinese MSM make unreliable assumptions about their own and their partners' serostatus (i.e., seroguessing), resulting in risky condomless sex. As many of these men do not access facility-based testing, new and emerging HIV testing options must be expanded to help these men make informed decisions about sexual risk and harm reduction. HIV self-testing (HIVST) offers a promising prevention strategy to reach more untested Chinese MSM, increase testing frequency, and serve as a valuable prevention tool to assist harm reduction. The investigators propose to determine the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of an HIVST intervention in facilitating sexual harm reduction and reducing HIV transmission among MSM in Nanjing, China. The investigators will: 1) conduct participant observation (N = 20) and cognitive interviews (N=10) to determine what information and support is needed for MSM to use HIVST safely and practice sexual harm reduction responsibly; and 2) recruit and enroll 400 high-risk HIV-negative MSM into a RCT where the intervention group will be offered HIVST kits plus harm reduction education and followed over a 9-month period to determine whether the intervention increases uptake and frequency of testing in partnership, improves disclosure and awareness of partners' HIV status, and therefore facilitates sexual harm reduction and reduces HIV transmission. Expanding HIV testing among key populations is a priority for HIV prevention worldwide. Innovative strategies are needed to encourage MSM to seek HIV testing while taking into consideration existing paradigms of community-originated and driven harm reduction strategies. As HIVST is being introduced to different settings and becoming more accessible, findings from this proposed study will provide vital information on current patterns of seroadaptation and HIVST use; identify what is needed to promote HIVST's proper use for harm reduction and linkage to HIV/STI care, and whether HIVST can improve the accuracy of harm reduction strategies.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Prevention
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Double blind (participant, outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| HIV self-testing | Experimental | Behavioral: HIV self-testing, Behavioral: Harm reduction educationHIV self-testing kits plus harm reduction education materials will be offered to the intervention group. |
| Education | Placebo comparator | Behavioral: Harm reduction educationHarm reduction educational materials will be offered to the control group. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 years and older
- Sex
- Male only
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (6 listed)
- age 18 years or older;
- born male;
- currently residing in Nanjing and planning to stay as a resident during the study period;
- speaks either Mandarin or the local dialect;
- confirmed HIV negative through HIV rapid testing;
Key exclusion criteria (1 listed)
- -
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| HIV self-testingThe intervention group will be offered HIV self-testing kits for testing HIV status | Behavioural | HIV self-testing |
| Harm reduction educationBoth arms will receive harm reduction education | Behavioural | Education, HIV self-testing |
Primary outcome
Change in participants' HIV testing uptake
Time frame: Baseline and 9-month
Change in proportion of participants being tested for HIV
4 secondary outcomes
Change in partners' HIV testing uptake
Time frame: Baseline and 9-month
Questionnaire to assess change in awareness of partner's HIV status
Time frame: Baseline and 9-month
Questionnaire to assess change in self-reported sexually transmitted infection (STI) symptoms
Time frame: Baseline and 9-month
Incident HIV infection
Time frame: Baseline and 9-month
Results and safety
The study was stopped early (reason given: IRB expired, PI no longer at institution.). Results are not available in the source record.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 22 Jan 2020.
- Background: PubMed 23166133Li D, Li S, Liu Y, Gao Y, Yu M, Yang X, Li Q, Jiang S, Zhou Z, Zhang Z, Yan L, Jiang G, Xiao D, Pan SW, Luo F, Ruan Y, Shao Y. HIV incidence among men who have sex with men in Beijing: a prospective cohort study. BMJ Open. 2012 Nov 19;2(6):e001829. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2012-001829. Print 2012.
- Background: PubMed 25103308Wang QQ, Chen XS, Yin YP, Liang GJ, Zhang RL, Jiang N, Huan XP, Yang B, Liu Q, Zhou YJ, Wang BX. HIV prevalence, incidence and risk behaviours among men who have sex with men in Yangzhou and Guangzhou, China: a cohort study. J Int AIDS Soc. 2014 Aug 6;17(1):18849. doi: 10.7448/IAS.17.1.18849. eCollection 2014.
- Background: PubMed 20375928Xu JJ, Zhang M, Brown K, Reilly K, Wang H, Hu Q, Ding H, Chu Z, Bice T, Shang H. Syphilis and HIV seroconversion among a 12-month prospective cohort of men who have sex with men in Shenyang, China. Sex Transm Dis. 2010 Jul;37(7):432-9. doi: 10.1097/OLQ.0b013e3181d13eed.
- Background: PubMed 21992923Yan H, Yang H, Zhao J, Wei C, Li J, Huan X, Zhang M, Raymond HF, McFarland W. Long-chain peer referral of men who have sex with men: a novel approach to establish and maintain a cohort to measure HIV incidence, Nanjing, China. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2012 Feb 1;59(2):177-84. doi: 10.1097/QAI.0b013e318239c947.
- Background: PubMed 23209551Chow EP, Iu KI, Fu X, Wilson DP, Zhang L. HIV and sexually transmissible infections among money boys in China: a data synthesis and meta-analysis. PLoS One. 2012;7(11):e48025. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0048025. Epub 2012 Nov 29.
- Background: PubMed 24687128Snowden JM, Wei C, McFarland W, Raymond HF. Prevalence, correlates and trends in seroadaptive behaviours among men who have sex with men from serial cross-sectional surveillance in San Francisco, 2004-2011. Sex Transm Infect. 2014 Sep;90(6):498-504. doi: 10.1136/sextrans-2013-051368. Epub 2014 Mar 31.
- Background: PubMed 20024704Eaton LA, Kalichman SC, O'Connell DA, Karchner WD. A strategy for selecting sexual partners believed to pose little/no risks for HIV: serosorting and its implications for HIV transmission. AIDS Care. 2009 Oct;21(10):1279-88. doi: 10.1080/09540120902803208.
- Background: PubMed 17053354Xia Q, Molitor F, Osmond DH, Tholandi M, Pollack LM, Ruiz JD, Catania JA. Knowledge of sexual partner's HIV serostatus and serosorting practices in a California population-based sample of men who have sex with men. AIDS. 2006 Oct 24;20(16):2081-9. doi: 10.1097/01.aids.0000247566.57762.b2.
- Background: PubMed 23933766Mitchell JW, Horvath KJ. Factors associated with regular HIV testing among a sample of US MSM with HIV-negative main partners. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2013 Dec 1;64(4):417-23. doi: 10.1097/QAI.0b013e3182a6c8d9.
- Background: PubMed 20864920Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Prevalence and awareness of HIV infection among men who have sex with men --- 21 cities, United States, 2008. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2010 Sep 24;59(37):1201-7.
- Background: PubMed 16354555He N, Detels R. The HIV epidemic in China: history, response, and challenge. Cell Res. 2005 Nov-Dec;15(11-12):825-32. doi: 10.1038/sj.cr.7290354.
- Background: PubMed 23714167Gari S, Doig-Acuna C, Smail T, Malungo JR, Martin-Hilber A, Merten S. Access to HIV/AIDS care: a systematic review of socio-cultural determinants in low and high income countries. BMC Health Serv Res. 2013 May 28;13:198. doi: 10.1186/1472-6963-13-198.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Chongyi Wei, DrPH principal investigator
University of California, San Francisco
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing HIV self-testing and Harm reduction education in people with HIV Serosorting, run by University of California, San Francisco at 1 site in China.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 6 inclusion and 1 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: stopped early, as of the sponsor's last update on 22 Jan 2020. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in China. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. Some participants in this study may receive a placebo. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study was stopped early (reason given: IRB expired, PI no longer at institution.). Results are not available in the source record.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Change in participants' HIV testing uptake (time frame: Baseline and 9-month). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT02999243, which also lists 13 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 22 Jan 2020.