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Cerebral HemorrhagePhase 1NCT03000283

Conivaptan for the Reduction of Cerebral Edema in Intracerebral Hemorrhage- A Safety and Tolerability Study

A Phase 1 study testing Conivaptan in people with Cerebral Hemorrhage and Cerebral Edema, run by Jesse Corry at 1 site in United States.

Completed

Finished. The study has ended and is not enrolling. Results may be posted on the official record.

Official record
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Trial summary

The goal of this study is to preliminarily determine/estimate feasibility and whether frequent and early conivaptan use, at a dose currently determined to be safe (i.e., 40mg/day), is safe and well-tolerated in patients with cerebral edema from intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) and pressure (ICP). Read more about this study

Who is it for?
Ages 19 to 79 years
What is being tested?
Conivaptan
Type of treatment
Injection or infusion
Could I receive a placebo?
No, everyone receives an active treatment
How many people
7 participants
Where
1 siteUnited States
Study dates
22 Mar 2017to 15 Apr 2019
Phase
Phase 1
Are there results?
Yes, posted in the registrySummary in the doctors' view

Key requirements

Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.

  • Ages 19 to 79 years
  • All sexes
  • No healthy volunteers
  • Adult, Older adult

Who may be able to join

  • Age >18 years old and < 80 years.
  • Diagnosis of primary ICH > 20 cc in volume.
  • Enrollment within 48 hours from initial symptoms.
  • Signed informed consent from the patient or obtained via their legally authorized representative (if the patient is not able to sign the informed consent themselves). The patient's decisional capacity to either provide or refuse consent will be determined using the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), which is being assessed at baseline and at 24 hours (+/-6hrs) after enrollment. A potential study participant with a GCS > 14 will be asked to provide their own initial study consent. A GCS ≤ 14 would indicate the need to pursue consent via legally authorized representative.

Who cannot join

  • Current need for renal replacement therapy (RRT).
  • Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) of <30 mL/minute at time of admission.
  • Participation in another study for ICH or intraventricular hemorrhage.
  • ICH related to infection, thrombolysis, subarachnoid hemorrhage, trauma or tumor.
  • Presence of HIV or active fungal infection that is known based on information in the electronic medical record (EMR).
  • Continued use of digoxin or amlodipine (as recommended by the manufacturer due to cytochrome P450 3A4 "CYP3A" inhibition).
Show all 11Show fewer
  • Active hepatic failure as defined by aspartate aminotransferase (AST) >160 units/L and/or alanine transaminase (ALT) >180 units/L, or total bilirubin levels greater than four times normal levels (>4.8mg/dL).
  • Serum Na+> 145 mmol/L (admission labs or any time prior to recruitment/enrollment).
  • Unable to receive conivaptan based on contraindications indicated by the manufacturer.
  • Pregnant or lactating females.
  • Not expected to survive within 48 hours of admission, or a presumed diagnosis of brain death.

Trial locations and contacts

1 site in 1 country.

United States1 site
  • United Hospital

    Saint Paul, Minnesota, 55102

Other trials in United States

About this study

The goal of this study is to preliminarily determine/estimate feasibility and whether frequent and early conivaptan use, at a dose currently determined to be safe (i.e., 40mg/day), is safe and well-tolerated in patients with cerebral edema from intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) and pressure (ICP). A further goal is to preliminarily estimate whether conivaptan at this same dose can reduce cerebral edema (CE) in these same patients. This study is also an essential first step in understanding the role of conivaptan in CE management.

Hypothesis: The frequent and early use of conivaptan at 40mg/day will be safe and well-tolerated, and also reduce cerebral edema, in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage and pressure.

Read the detailed description

This is a single-center, open-label, safety and tolerability study. Based on findings in the literature from both animal research and clinical observations with ICH (intracerebral hemorrhage) associated with TBI (traumatic brain injury), this study will begin to look at the safety, tolerability, as well as potential effectiveness, of conivaptan to reduce CE (cerebral edema) in patients with non-traumatic ICH.

The seven patients in this study will receive 40mg/day of the study medication conivaptan. In this early phase study, our focus will be to assess the safety and tolerability of this medication. The available clinical data on conivaptan in the neurocritical care population suggest the potential harm is negligible. Data in TBI patients demonstrate conivaptan is safe and well tolerated using a single dose (20mg) to increase Na+ in a controlled fashion to reduce ICP. Previous work has demonstrated the safety and tolerability of conivaptan, in doses ranging from 20-80mg/day, in the neurocritical care population. Conivaptan has been demonstrated to be safe and effective in lowering ICP, and increasing serum sodium, in the neurocritical care population. Also noted have been improvements in cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) and stable blood pressure, and a prolonged reduction in ICP. Finally, the method of intermittent bolus dosing of conivaptan is equally effective in raising and maintaining serum sodium in the neurocritical care population as continuous infusion, with potentially less risk of adverse reactions including phlebitis.

Conivaptan, a non-selective Arginine-Vasopressin (AVP) V1A/V2 antagonist that reduces aquaporin 4 production and promotes aquaresis, is approved for the treatment of euvolemic and hypervolemic hyponatremia. The exact cause of the observed reduction in ICP with conivaptan is uncertain. However, the mechanism most likely represents a combination of an acute pure aquaresis, removing free water from brain tissue, and a sustained down regulation of aquaporin 4 to abate/slow development of CE. The V2 antagonism of conivaptan promotes free water loss, and the V1 antagonism may improve cerebral blood flow (CBF) and reduce blood brain barrier permeability. Notably, serum sodium tends to correlate inversely with both ICP and CE. The early use of conivaptan could potentially be used clinically to reduce CE by these means.

It is with this in mind, the research team feels justified in pursuing this study with the hopes that the data obtained will lead to potential good and removal of harm in future patients with this devastating disease. Given the enormous costs of ICH, problems with current therapies, and variability in treatment, there is an urgent need to identify a therapy that has a better safety and effectiveness profile compared to the currently used agents. This study will use a dose (40mg/day) currently approved. Further, given that the primary purpose of the use of this medication in this study is not to correct hyponatremia, an investigational new drug (IND) application to the FDA was submitted, and the study was determined exempt.

Our central hypothesis is that through reductions in aquaporin-4 (AQP4) expression, the early use of conivaptan will reduce CE while also being safe to the patient. Our long term goal is to show that early use of conivaptan in ICH will reduce CE. If this reduction is possible, we hypothesize improved outcome and reducing the need for rescue therapies, ICU length of stay, and overall treatment cost will follow. However, more data is needed to evaluate the dosing and amount of drug. With respect to conivaptan's efficacy in correction of hyponatremia, a direct dose-response relationship exists. Further, this effect was more noted at milder degrees of hyponatremia.

Being tested
Conivaptan
Keywords
Conivaptan
Medical subject headings
Cerebral Hemorrhage, Brain Edema, Stroke

What participants receive

What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.

  • ConivaptanDrug

    Also called Vaprisol

    Patients will receive 20mg IV of the study drug every 12 hours equaling 40mg/day over 2 days (4 doses total), in addition to the standardized ICH management targets using the PI's version of standardized ICH management targets.Usual standard of care can include sedation and analgesia as needed, elevation of the head of the bed, mannitol and/or saline as needed to reduce ICP, and temperature control with antipyretics such as acetaminophen.

    The conivaptan bolus (20mg), which is premixed with 100ml of 5% dextrose in water, is infused (peripherally) over 30 minutes, most commonly through an already placed central line.

Study groups in NCT03000283
Study groupRoleWhat they receive
Conivaptan Treatment GroupExperimentalAll seven patients in this arm will receive conivaptan as described in Interventions.
Receives: Drug: Conivaptan

What is being measured

The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.

  1. Patient Tolerance of Conivaptan

    The number of participants with abnormal seizure activity and/or abnormal lab values and/or increase in infection rate and/or any drug-related adverse events.

    Measured: Baseline to 168 hours post-enrollment

Secondary outcomes (5)
  1. In-hospital Mortality

    All-cause deaths during hospitalization

    Measured: Enrollment through hospital discharge, up to 3 weeks

  2. Change in Cerebral Edema

    Changes in cerebral edema (CE) as measured on CT. Goal is a -5 to -10% change in CE over time. Change will be measured both as absolute change in volume, calculated as the final volume minus the baseline volume measure and converted to a percentage of the baseline volume measure.

    Measured: Baseline to 168 hours post-enrollment

  3. Cost

    Cost as measured by length of stay in the neuro ICU.

    Measured: Enrollment through hospital discharge, up to 3 weeks

  4. Cost

    Cost as measured by:

    1. Need for external ventricular drain (EVD)/bolt or surgical procedures (craniectomy, clot evacuation,VPS) for reduction/management of CE.
    2. Need for central venous lines, arterial lines, peripherally inserted central venous catheter (PICC) lines, tracheostomy/percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomies (PEGs).
    3. Number of patients requiring a ventilator.

    Measured: Baseline to 168 hours post-enrollment

  5. Modified Rankin Scale (mRS) Score

    Modified Rankin Scale (0 to 6) at discharge from the hospital. A score of 0 indicates no disability and a score of 6 indicates the patient died. Functional independence is defined as a score of 2 or less.

    Measured: At discharge from ICU and from hospital, up to 3 weeks

Timeline

From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.

  1. First posted22 Dec 2016 (estimated)
  2. Study start22 Mar 2017
  3. Primary completion12 Feb 2019
  4. Study completion15 Apr 2019

Resources

More details

For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.

Study design
Study type
Interventional
Phase
Phase 1
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Not applicable
Intervention model
Single group
Masking
None (open label)
Enrolment
7 participants (actual)
IDs, dates and publications
ClinicalTrials.gov ID
NCT03000283
Sponsor's protocol ID
NSJC-1601
Status last verified
Apr 2020
First submitted
14 Dec 2016
Last updated
17 Apr 2020
Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
Yes
FDA-regulated device
No
Individual data sharing
No

Publications

  • Annane D, Decaux G, Smith N; Conivaptan Study Group. Efficacy and safety of oral conivaptan, a vasopressin-receptor antagonist, evaluated in a randomized, controlled trial in patients with euvolemic or hypervolemic hyponatremia. Am J Med Sci. 2009 Jan;337(1):28-36. doi: 10.1097/MAJ.0b013e31817b8148.

    PubMed 19057376
  • Bulger EM, May S, Brasel KJ, Schreiber M, Kerby JD, Tisherman SA, Newgard C, Slutsky A, Coimbra R, Emerson S, Minei JP, Bardarson B, Kudenchuk P, Baker A, Christenson J, Idris A, Davis D, Fabian TC, Aufderheide TP, Callaway C, Williams C, Banek J, Vaillancourt C, van Heest R, Sopko G, Hata JS, Hoyt DB; ROC Investigators. Out-of-hospital hypertonic resuscitation following severe traumatic brain injury: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 2010 Oct 6;304(13):1455-64. doi: 10.1001/jama.2010.1405.

    PubMed 20924011
  • Chesnut RM, Temkin N, Carney N, Dikmen S, Rondina C, Videtta W, Petroni G, Lujan S, Pridgeon J, Barber J, Machamer J, Chaddock K, Celix JM, Cherner M, Hendrix T; Global Neurotrauma Research Group. A trial of intracranial-pressure monitoring in traumatic brain injury. N Engl J Med. 2012 Dec 27;367(26):2471-81. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1207363. Epub 2012 Dec 12.

    PubMed 23234472
  • Corry JJ, Varelas P, Abdelhak T, Morris S, Hawley M, Hawkins A, Jankowski M. Variable change in renal function by hypertonic saline. World J Crit Care Med. 2014 May 4;3(2):61-7. doi: 10.5492/wjccm.v3.i2.61. eCollection 2014 May 4.

    PubMed 24892021
  • Corry JJ. The use of targeted temperature management for elevated intracranial pressure. Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep. 2014 Jun;14(6):453. doi: 10.1007/s11910-014-0453-9.

    PubMed 24740807
  • Corry JJ. Use of hypothermia in the intensive care unit. World J Crit Care Med. 2012 Aug 4;1(4):106-22. doi: 10.5492/wjccm.v1.i4.106. eCollection 2012 Aug 4.

    PubMed 24701408
  • Costello-Boerrigter LC, Boerrigter G, Burnett JC Jr. Pharmacology of vasopressin antagonists. Heart Fail Rev. 2009 Jun;14(2):75-82. doi: 10.1007/s10741-008-9108-8. Epub 2008 Sep 3.

    PubMed 18766438
  • Adams Jr HP. Handbook of Cerebrovascular Disease. Ed.2 Marcel Dekker, Inc, New York, 2005

  • Cumberland Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Vaprisol ® (conivaptan hydrochloride injection) [package insert]. Nashville, TN, April 2014.

  • Dhar R, Murphy-Human T. A bolus of conivaptan lowers intracranial pressure in a patient with hyponatremia after traumatic brain injury. Neurocrit Care. 2011 Feb;14(1):97-102. doi: 10.1007/s12028-010-9366-x.

    PubMed 20440600
  • Diringer MN, Edwards DF. Admission to a neurologic/neurosurgical intensive care unit is associated with reduced mortality rate after intracerebral hemorrhage. Crit Care Med. 2001 Mar;29(3):635-40. doi: 10.1097/00003246-200103000-00031.

    PubMed 11373434
  • FDA. http://www.fda.gov/drugs/drugsafety/drugshortages/ucm050792.htm (2010)

  • Fernandez N, Martinez MA, Garcia-Villalon AL, Monge L, Dieguez G. Cerebral vasoconstriction produced by vasopressin in conscious goats: role of vasopressin V(1) and V(2) receptors and nitric oxide. Br J Pharmacol. 2001 Apr;132(8):1837-44. doi: 10.1038/sj.bjp.0704034.

    PubMed 11309256
  • Galton C, Deem S, Yanez ND, Souter M, Chesnut R, Dagal A, Treggiari M. Open-label randomized trial of the safety and efficacy of a single dose conivaptan to raise serum sodium in patients with traumatic brain injury. Neurocrit Care. 2011 Jun;14(3):354-60. doi: 10.1007/s12028-011-9525-8.

    PubMed 21409494
  • Gazitua S, Scott JB, Chou CC, Haddy FJ. Effect of osmolarity on canine renal vascular resistance. Am J Physiol. 1969 Oct;217(4):1216-23. doi: 10.1152/ajplegacy.1969.217.4.1216. No abstract available.

    PubMed 5824323

Questions about this trial

What is this clinical trial studying?

A Phase 1 study testing Conivaptan in people with Cerebral Hemorrhage and Cerebral Edema, run by Jesse Corry at 1 site in United States.

The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.

Who may be eligible to take part?

The sponsor lists 4 inclusion and 11 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.

Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?

The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 17 Apr 2020. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.

Where is the study taking place?

The record lists 1 site in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.

What are the possible benefits and risks?

They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.

What does this phase mean?

Phase 1 studies test a treatment in a small group of people for the first time or in a new way, mainly to check safety and find the right dose.

Not every study follows the same path, and some studies (observational studies, device studies) have no phase.

Are results available for this study?

Yes. Results are posted in the registry (first posted 17 Apr 2020). A summary is in the For doctors view, and the full results are on ClinicalTrials.gov.

How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?

The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.

What does the primary outcome measure?

Patient Tolerance of Conivaptan (time frame: Baseline to 168 hours post-enrollment). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.

Where can I read the original study information?

On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT03000283, which also lists 52 linked publications.

Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?

No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.

How often is this information updated?

AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 17 Apr 2020.

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