DepressionNCT03011801
Reducing Fetal Exposure to Maternal Depression to Improve Infant Risk Mechanisms
A study testing Interpersonal Therapy in people with Depression, run by University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign at 2 sites in United States.
Trial summary
This study evaluates Interpersonal Therapy (IPT) in the treatment of depression among pregnant women with elevated depressive symptoms. Half of the women will be randomized to receive IPT, and the other half will get Treat As Usual, provided via behavioral health in the hospital. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 years and older, women only
- Conditions the study is for
- Depression
- What is being tested?
- Interpersonal Therapy
- Type of treatment
- Lifestyle or therapy programme
- Could I receive a placebo?
- Yes, some participants may receive a placebo
- How many people
- 234 participants
- Where
- 2 sitesUnited States
- Study dates
- 1 Sep 2017to 28 May 2024
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 years and older
- Women only
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Adult women (over 18 years of age)
- A singleton intrauterine pregnancy
- English speaking
- Elevated depressive symptoms based on screening with the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) with score > 9
Who cannot join
- Bipolar disorder and psychosis based on the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders (SCID-NP)
- Current psychotropic medication use or current CBT/IPT usage
- An HPA axis or an endocrine disorder
- Maternal substance use [assessed using maternal report and urine toxicology
- Corticosteroid medication use during this pregnancy
- Invitto fertilization
- Presence of cervical or uterine abnormalities
Trial locations and contacts
2 sites in 1 country.
United States2 sites
University of Denver
Denver, Colorado, 80208
University of Illinois
Urbana, Illinois, 61801
About this study
This study evaluates Interpersonal Therapy (IPT) in the treatment of depression among pregnant women with elevated depressive symptoms. Half of the women will be randomized to receive IPT, and the other half will get Treat As Usual, provided via behavioral health in the hospital.
Read the detailed description
Exposure to maternal depressive symptoms is one of the most well established risk factors for the development of later child psychopathology. Accumulating evidence from naturalistic observational studies documents that fetal exposure to maternal depressive symptoms is associated with risk for later child mental health problems. Maternal depression is one of the most common prenatal complications with approximately 40% of women experiencing elevated levels of depressive symptoms. The majority of past research has been correlational, so potential causal conclusions have been limited. This project will break new ground by testing the hypothesis that manipulating maternal depressive symptoms will benefit infant outcomes. In this project, maternal depressive symptoms will be reduced using brief interpersonal therapy (IPT), a well-established and efficacious treatment, and testing whether this reduction leads to an improvement in the development of infant mechanisms associated with risk for later psychopathology. The investigators propose to assess 300 pregnant women who report elevated levels of depressive symptoms and their infants. Prior to the intervention, maternal measures of depressive symptoms will be collected. Then half of the women will be randomized to receive IPT and the other half will receive enhanced usual care (TAU). After completion of the intervention, maternal measures will be collected longitudinally through 14 months postpartum. Infants will be evaluated at birth and two other times. Infants will be assessed across four units of analysis (brain structure and function, physiology, behavior, and maternal-report).
- Conditions
- Depression
- Being tested
- Interpersonal Therapy, Enhanced usual care
- Medical subject headings
- Depression
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Interpersonal TherapyBehavioural
Also called IPT
reducing conflict in relationships, increasing social support in relationships, improving communication, reducing depressive symptoms
Enhanced usual careBehavioural
Also called Maternity Support Services (MSS)
Treatment as Usual, including eclectic and supportive therapy, as well as psychiatric medication
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Behavioral: Interpersonal Therapy | Experimental | Individual psychotherapy that includes an initial engagement session and a total of 8 sessions. IPT focuses on psychoeducation and interpersonal skill building to decrease interpersonal conflict and increase interpersonal support and competence. Receives: Behavioral: Interpersonal Therapy |
| Enhanced Usual Care | Placebo comparator | Maternity support services (MSS) is the usual standard of care for pregnant women. A multi-disciplinary team of obstetric care providers routinely screen women for possible depression diagnosis. If a woman screens positive, she is seen by a behavioral health specialist (BHS) for further assessment and to initiate treatment, if necessary. The goals of MSS include offering services to promote healthy pregnancies and positive birth and parenting outcomes, including integrating mental health and prenatal care. Women with elevated depressive symptoms are seen by BHS throughout the pregnancy and postpartum period and then bridged to mental health treatment. BHS provides eclectic-based care but does not provide IPT. Receives: Behavioral: Enhanced usual care |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Presence of a Major Depressive Episode on SCID interview
Presence of a depression diagnosis as measured by a semi-structured diagnostic evaluation
Measured: 12 months post pregnancy
Symptom Checklist 20 (SCL20)
Self reported Depression Scores. higher scores=more depression
Measured: post intervention (approximately 2-3 months post baseline)
Symptom Checklist 20 (SCL20)
Self reported Depression Scores. higher scores=more depression
Measured: 6 months post intervention
Symptom Checklist 20 (SCL20)
Self reported Depression Scores. higher scores=more depression
Measured: 12 months post intervention
Secondary outcomes (6)
Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS)
Self reported Depression Scores. higher scores=more depression
Measured: post intervention (approximately 2-3 months post baseline)
Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS)
Self reported Depression Scores. higher scores=more depression
Measured: 6 months post intervention
Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS)
Self reported Depression Scores. higher scores=more depression
Measured: 12 months post intervention
Work and Social Adjustment Scale (WSAS)
general maternal functioning
Measured: post intervention (approximately 2-3 months post baseline)
Work and Social Adjustment Scale (WSAS)
general maternal functioning
Measured: 6 month post intervention
Work and Social Adjustment Scale (WSAS)
general maternal functioning
Measured: 12 month post intervention
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted5 Jan 2017 (estimated)
- Study start1 Sep 2017
- Primary completion30 Jun 2022
- Study completion28 May 2024
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (3)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for DepressionStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind
- Who is masked
- Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 234 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), University of Denver
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Benjamin L Hankin, PhD, Principal investigator, University of Illinois Urbana ChampaignElysia P Davis, PhD, Principal investigator, University of Denver
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT03011801
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- MH109662
- Other IDs
- R01MH109662
- Status last verified
- Dec 2024
- First submitted
- 4 Jan 2017
- Last updated
- 6 Dec 2024
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- Yes
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- Yes: NIMH Data Archive
Publications
Demers CH, Hankin BL, Deer LK, Gallop RJ, Hoeflich Haase M, Hoffman MC, Styner MA, Grote NK, Davis EP. Infant hippocampal and amygdala volume in an observational follow-up from a randomized clinical trial for maternal prenatal depression. Nat Commun. 2026 Oct 16;17(1):10649. doi: 10.1038/s41467-026-78276-4.
PubMed 42888210Davis EP, Demers CH, Deer L, Gallop RJ, Hoffman MC, Grote N, Hankin BL. Impact of prenatal maternal depression on gestational length: post hoc analysis of a randomized clinical trial. EClinicalMedicine. 2024 Apr 22;72:102601. doi: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2024.102601. eCollection 2024 Jun.
PubMed 38680516Hankin BL, Demers CH, Hennessey EP, Perzow SED, Curran MC, Gallop RJ, Hoffman MC, Davis EP. Effect of Brief Interpersonal Therapy on Depression During Pregnancy: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Psychiatry. 2023 Jun 1;80(6):539-547. doi: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2023.0702.
PubMed 37074698
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 6 Dec 2024. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Reducing Fetal Exposure to Maternal Depression to Improve Infant Risk Mechanisms
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT03011801
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- MH109662
- Conditions
- Depression
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 234 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), University of Denver
- Study start
- 1 Sep 2017 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 30 Jun 2022 (actual)
- Study completion
- 28 May 2024 (actual)
- First posted
- 5 Jan 2017 (estimated)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
This study evaluates Interpersonal Therapy (IPT) in the treatment of depression among pregnant women with elevated depressive symptoms. Half of the women will be randomized to receive IPT, and the other half will get Treat As Usual, provided via behavioral health in the hospital.
Detailed description
Exposure to maternal depressive symptoms is one of the most well established risk factors for the development of later child psychopathology. Accumulating evidence from naturalistic observational studies documents that fetal exposure to maternal depressive symptoms is associated with risk for later child mental health problems. Maternal depression is one of the most common prenatal complications with approximately 40% of women experiencing elevated levels of depressive symptoms. The majority of past research has been correlational, so potential causal conclusions have been limited. This project will break new ground by testing the hypothesis that manipulating maternal depressive symptoms will benefit infant outcomes. In this project, maternal depressive symptoms will be reduced using brief interpersonal therapy (IPT), a well-established and efficacious treatment, and testing whether this reduction leads to an improvement in the development of infant mechanisms associated with risk for later psychopathology. The investigators propose to assess 300 pregnant women who report elevated levels of depressive symptoms and their infants. Prior to the intervention, maternal measures of depressive symptoms will be collected. Then half of the women will be randomized to receive IPT and the other half will receive enhanced usual care (TAU). After completion of the intervention, maternal measures will be collected longitudinally through 14 months postpartum. Infants will be evaluated at birth and two other times. Infants will be assessed across four units of analysis (brain structure and function, physiology, behavior, and maternal-report).
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind (outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Behavioral: Interpersonal Therapy | Experimental | Behavioral: Interpersonal TherapyIndividual psychotherapy that includes an initial engagement session and a total of 8 sessions. IPT focuses on psychoeducation and interpersonal skill building to decrease interpersonal conflict and increase interpersonal support and competence. |
| Enhanced Usual Care | Placebo comparator | Behavioral: Enhanced usual careMaternity support services (MSS) is the usual standard of care for pregnant women. A multi-disciplinary team of obstetric care providers routinely screen women for possible depression diagnosis. If a woman screens positive, she is seen by a behavioral health specialist (BHS) for further assessment and to initiate treatment, if necessary. The goals of MSS include offering services to promote healthy pregnancies and positive birth and parenting outcomes, including integrating mental health and prenatal care. Women with elevated depressive symptoms are seen by BHS throughout the pregnancy and postpartum period and then bridged to mental health treatment. BHS provides eclectic-based care but does not provide IPT. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 years and older
- Sex
- Female only
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (4 listed)
- Adult women (over 18 years of age)
- A singleton intrauterine pregnancy
- English speaking
- Elevated depressive symptoms based on screening with the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) with score > 9
Key exclusion criteria (7 listed)
- Bipolar disorder and psychosis based on the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders (SCID-NP)
- Current psychotropic medication use or current CBT/IPT usage
- An HPA axis or an endocrine disorder
- Maternal substance use [assessed using maternal report and urine toxicology
- Corticosteroid medication use during this pregnancy
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Interpersonal TherapyAlso: IPTreducing conflict in relationships, increasing social support in relationships, improving communication, reducing depressive symptoms | Behavioural | Behavioral: Interpersonal Therapy |
| Enhanced usual careAlso: Maternity Support Services (MSS)Treatment as Usual, including eclectic and supportive therapy, as well as psychiatric medication | Behavioural | Enhanced Usual Care |
Primary outcome
Presence of a Major Depressive Episode on SCID interview
Time frame: 12 months post pregnancy
Presence of a depression diagnosis as measured by a semi-structured diagnostic evaluation
Symptom Checklist 20 (SCL20)
Time frame: post intervention (approximately 2-3 months post baseline)
Self reported Depression Scores. higher scores=more depression
Symptom Checklist 20 (SCL20)
Time frame: 6 months post intervention
Self reported Depression Scores. higher scores=more depression
Symptom Checklist 20 (SCL20)
Time frame: 12 months post intervention
Self reported Depression Scores. higher scores=more depression
6 secondary outcomes
Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS)
Time frame: post intervention (approximately 2-3 months post baseline)
Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS)
Time frame: 6 months post intervention
Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS)
Time frame: 12 months post intervention
Work and Social Adjustment Scale (WSAS)
Time frame: post intervention (approximately 2-3 months post baseline)
Work and Social Adjustment Scale (WSAS)
Time frame: 6 month post intervention
Work and Social Adjustment Scale (WSAS)
Time frame: 12 month post intervention
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 6 Dec 2024.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 42888210Demers CH, Hankin BL, Deer LK, Gallop RJ, Hoeflich Haase M, Hoffman MC, Styner MA, Grote NK, Davis EP. Infant hippocampal and amygdala volume in an observational follow-up from a randomized clinical trial for maternal prenatal depression. Nat Commun. 2026 Oct 16;17(1):10649. doi: 10.1038/s41467-026-78276-4.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 38680516Davis EP, Demers CH, Deer L, Gallop RJ, Hoffman MC, Grote N, Hankin BL. Impact of prenatal maternal depression on gestational length: post hoc analysis of a randomized clinical trial. EClinicalMedicine. 2024 Apr 22;72:102601. doi: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2024.102601. eCollection 2024 Jun.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 37074698Hankin BL, Demers CH, Hennessey EP, Perzow SED, Curran MC, Gallop RJ, Hoffman MC, Davis EP. Effect of Brief Interpersonal Therapy on Depression During Pregnancy: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Psychiatry. 2023 Jun 1;80(6):539-547. doi: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2023.0702.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: Yes. NIMH Data Archive
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Benjamin L Hankin, PhD principal investigator
University of Illinois Urbana Champaign
Elysia P Davis, PhD principal investigator
University of Denver
2 sites in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Interpersonal Therapy in people with Depression, run by University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign at 2 sites in United States.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 4 inclusion and 7 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 6 Dec 2024. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 2 sites in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. Some participants in this study may receive a placebo. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Presence of a Major Depressive Episode on SCID interview (time frame: 12 months post pregnancy). The study lists 4 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT03011801, which also lists 3 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 6 Dec 2024.