Pelvic Organ ProlapseNCT03048682
Timing of Repeat Voiding Trials After Outpatient Pelvic Floor Surgery
A study testing Foley catheter - Early Voiding Trial and Foley catheter - Late Voiding Trial in people with Pelvic Organ Prolapse and Urinary Incontinence,Stress, run by The Cleveland Clinic at 2 sites in United States.
Trial summary
This study is a randomized controlled trial designed to assess the rate of failure of voiding trials in the early and late post-operative period within patients who underwent outpatient pelvic floor surgery that failed initial same day voiding trials. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 years and older, women only
- Conditions the study is for
- Pelvic Organ Prolapse, Urinary Incontinence,Stress, Surgery
- What is being tested?
- Foley catheter - Early Voiding Trial and Foley catheter - Late Voiding Trial
- Type of treatment
- Medical device
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 64 participants
- Where
- 2 sitesUnited States
- Study dates
- 5 Jan 2017to 30 Nov 2019
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- Yes, posted in the registrySummary in the doctors' view
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 years and older
- Women only
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Female patients
- Over 18 years old
- Speak English and are capable of giving informed consent and are able to complete the English patient questionnaire
- Are willing to return to the office for all necessary visits associated with the study
- Had outpatient gynecology pelvic floor surgery for prolapse or stress urinary incontinence
- Failed the voiding trial in the recovery room
- Discharged to home on POD#0
Who cannot join
- Pre-operative urinary retention as defined as PVR > 200ml
- Prior incontinence surgery
- Passed the voiding trial in the recovery room
- Require prolonged catheterization due to urethral/bladder abnormality (ie vesicovaginal fistula, urethral diverticulum) or intra-op urethral or bladder injury or for intensive post-operative monitoring
- Patients who take any post-operative antibiotics, other than prophylaxis during catheterization, for reasons other than a UTI as diagnosed and prescribed as part of the study
- Patients who take any supplements to prevent UTIs, including but not limited to D-Mannose, Hiprex, or Ellura
Show all 10Show fewer
- Receive any post-operative vaginal estrogen during the study period
- Have any neurological conditions that may affect bladder function (ie. Multiple sclerosis, spinal cord injuries, etc.)
- Patients with pre-operative narcotic medication use due to chronic pain
- Patients who take any over-active bladder medication within one week of their surgery
Trial locations and contacts
2 sites in 1 country.
United States2 sites
Cleveland Clinic Florida
Weston, Florida, 33331
Wake Forest Baptist Health
Winston-Salem, North Carolina, 27157
About this study
This study is a randomized controlled trial designed to assess the rate of failure of voiding trials in the early and late post-operative period within patients who underwent outpatient pelvic floor surgery that failed initial same day voiding trials.
Read the detailed description
This study would be powered to detect differences in UTIs and Foley catheter re-insertion rates. Assuming a 10% drop-out rate, 100 total subjects should be enrolled in the study.
All patients that meet the appropriate inclusion criteria and are scheduled for outpatient pelvic floor surgery will be considered for the study. Patients will be counseled about the study either in the office during a surgical planning office visit, over a pre-operative telephone call, or in the pre-operative area just prior to surgery. Consents will be signed in the pre-operative area.
After surgery, the patient will be given a standardized voiding trial as per the usual protocol. If the patient is un-successful in emptying her bladder she will be discharged home with an indwelling Foley catheter with antibiotics. On post-operative day (POD) #1 the patient will be re-assessed for meeting eligibility requirements and will be called and randomized to either the early voiding trial group (EVT) or the late voiding trial group (LVT). Subjects in EVT will be scheduled for a repeat VT on POD#2, POD#3, or POD#4, whereas those in LVT will be scheduled for a repeat VT on or after POD#7. Subjects that are unsuccessful in the repeat VT will have a Foley catheter re-inserted and will return for another VT in 5-7 days. Subjects who fail the third VT from either group will have the Foley catheter replaced and will return for another office VT after waiting an additional 5-7 days or will be started on clean intermittent self-catheterization.
Subjects will be monitored for a 6 week period for voiding and urinary symptoms. Urine will be tested via in-office urinalysis at each office visit, including pre-operatively, and will be sent for a urine culture per usual practice based upon abnormal urinalysis results. Urine cultures that grow out a single organism >10,000 CFU will be treated with appropriate antibiotics. In addition, patients will complete quality of life questionnaires at the time of catheter removal, the standard 2 week post-op visit and at 6weeks post-operatively.
- Conditions
- Pelvic Organ Prolapse, Urinary Incontinence,Stress, Surgery
- Being tested
- Foley catheter - Early Voiding Trial, Foley catheter - Late Voiding Trial
- Medical subject headings
- Pelvic Organ Prolapse, Urinary Incontinence, Stress
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Foley catheter - Early Voiding TrialDevice
All subjects that are discharged home with a Foley catheter will need an in-office repeat voiding trial.
Subjects in the Early Voiding group will have their repeat voiding trial on post-op day #2, 3, or 4 will undergo an in-office voiding trial. The experimental group will return for an in-office voiding trial sooner than the active comparator.
Foley catheter - Late Voiding TrialDevice
All subjects that are discharged home with a Foley catheter will need an in-office repeat voiding trial.
Subjects in the Late Voiding group will have their repeat voiding trial on post-op day #7 or after. This is our current practice
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Early Voiding Trial | Experimental | All subjects that are discharged home with a Foley catheter will need an in-office repeat voiding trial.
Subjects in this group will have their repeat voiding trial on post-op day #2, 3, or 4 Receives: Device: Foley catheter - Early Voiding Trial |
| Late Voiding Trial | Active comparator | All subjects that are discharged home with a Foley catheter will need an in-office repeat voiding trial.
Subjects in this group will have their repeat voiding trial on post-op day #7 or after. This is our current practice. Receives: Device: Foley catheter - Late Voiding Trial |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Failed Office Voiding Trials
Determine the rates of failed voiding trials in each of the two groups
Measured: within 8 days of surgery
Secondary outcomes (2)
Urinary Tract Infections
Determine the rates of urinary tract infections in each of the two groups
Measured: within 6 weeks of surgery
Rate of Bother From Urinary Catheter
Determine the rates of patient satisfaction in each of the two groups using a Likert scale (1= very bothersome; 5= Not bothersome at all)
Measured: within 6 weeks of surgery
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted9 Feb 2017 (estimated)
- Study start5 Jan 2017
- Primary completion30 Nov 2019
- Study completion30 Nov 2019
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Posted resultsParticipant flow, outcome measures and adverse events reported by the sponsor.
- Publications (14)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Pelvic Organ ProlapseStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by The Cleveland ClinicThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Supportive care
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 64 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- The Cleveland Clinic
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Wake Forest University Health Sciences
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Eric Hurtado, The Cleveland Clinic
- Investigators
- Jeffrey Schachar, MD, Principal investigator, The Cleveland Clinic
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT03048682
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- FLA 16-123
- Status last verified
- Jul 2024
- First submitted
- 26 Jan 2017
- Last updated
- 21 Aug 2024
- Results posted
- Yes, on ClinicalTrials.gov
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No: There no plan to make individual participant data available to other researchers
Publications
Alonzo-Sosa JE, Flores-Contreras JT, Paredes-Canul M. [Method for transurethral catheterization for 1-3 days for pelvic floor relaxation in the postoperative period]. Ginecol Obstet Mex. 1997 Nov;65:455-7. Spanish.
PubMed 9441144Chong C, Kim HS, Suh DH, Jee BC. Risk factors for urinary retention after vaginal hysterectomy for pelvic organ prolapse. Obstet Gynecol Sci. 2016 Mar;59(2):137-43. doi: 10.5468/ogs.2016.59.2.137. Epub 2016 Mar 16.
PubMed 27004205Ferrante KL, Kim HY, Brubaker L, Wai CY, Norton PA, Kraus SR, Shepherd J, Sirls LT, Nager CW; Urinary Incontinence Treatment Network. Repeat post-op voiding trials: an inconvenient correlate with success. Neurourol Urodyn. 2014 Nov;33(8):1225-8. doi: 10.1002/nau.22489. Epub 2013 Aug 27.
PubMed 23983149Glavind K, Morup L, Madsen H, Glavind J. A prospective, randomised, controlled trial comparing 3 hour and 24 hour postoperative removal of bladder catheter and vaginal pack following vaginal prolapse surgery. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2007;86(9):1122-5. doi: 10.1080/00016340701505317.
PubMed 17712655Hakvoort RA, Elberink R, Vollebregt A, Ploeg T, Emanuel MH. How long should urinary bladder catheterisation be continued after vaginal prolapse surgery? A randomised controlled trial comparing short term versus long term catheterisation after vaginal prolapse surgery. BJOG. 2004 Aug;111(8):828-30. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-0528.2004.00181.x.
PubMed 15270931Kandadai P, Duenas-Garcia OF, Pilzeck AL, Saini J, Flynn MK, Leung K, Patterson D. A Randomized Controlled Trial of Patient-Controlled Valve Catheter and Indwelling Foley Catheter for Short-term Bladder Drainage. Female Pelvic Med Reconstr Surg. 2016 Mar-Apr;22(2):88-92. doi: 10.1097/SPV.0000000000000249.
PubMed 26829348Kenton K, Pham T, Mueller E, Brubaker L. Patient preparedness: an important predictor of surgical outcome. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2007 Dec;197(6):654.e1-6. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2007.08.059.
PubMed 18060968Nicolle LE. Catheter associated urinary tract infections. Antimicrob Resist Infect Control. 2014 Jul 25;3:23. doi: 10.1186/2047-2994-3-23. eCollection 2014.
PubMed 25075308Ripperda CM, Kowalski JT, Chaudhry ZQ, Mahal AS, Lanzer J, Noor N, Good MM, Hynan LS, Jeppson PC, Rahn DD. Predictors of early postoperative voiding dysfunction and other complications following a midurethral sling. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2016 Nov;215(5):656.e1-656.e6. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2016.06.010. Epub 2016 Jun 16.
PubMed 27319367Schiotz HA. Comparison of 1 and 3 days' transurethral Foley catheterization after retropubic incontinence surgery. Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct. 1996;7(2):98-101. doi: 10.1007/BF01902381.
PubMed 8798095Schiotz HA, Tanbo TG. Postoperative voiding, bacteriuria and urinary tract infection with Foley catheterization after gynecological surgery. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2006;85(4):476-81. doi: 10.1080/00016340500409877.
PubMed 16612711Tan GW, Chan SP, Ho CK. Is transurethral catheterisation the ideal method of bladder drainage? A survey of patient satisfaction with indwelling transurethral urinary catheters. Asian J Surg. 2010 Jan;33(1):31-6. doi: 10.1016/S1015-9584(10)60006-1.
PubMed 20497880Tunitsky-Bitton E, Murphy A, Barber MD, Goldman HB, Vasavada S, Jelovsek JE. Assessment of voiding after sling: a randomized trial of 2 methods of postoperative catheter management after midurethral sling surgery for stress urinary incontinence in women. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2015 May;212(5):597.e1-9. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2014.11.033. Epub 2014 Nov 27.
PubMed 25434837Wheeler TL 2nd, Richter HE, Greer WJ, Bowling CB, Redden DT, Varner RE. Predictors of success with postoperative voiding trials after a mid urethral sling procedure. J Urol. 2008 Feb;179(2):600-4. doi: 10.1016/j.juro.2007.09.080. Epub 2007 Dec 21.
PubMed 18082219
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 21 Aug 2024. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Timing of Repeat Voiding Trials After Outpatient Pelvic Floor Surgery
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT03048682
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- FLA 16-123
- Conditions
- Pelvic Organ Prolapse, Urinary Incontinence,Stress, Surgery
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 64 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- The Cleveland ClinicUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Wake Forest University Health Sciences
- Study start
- 5 Jan 2017 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 30 Nov 2019 (actual)
- Study completion
- 30 Nov 2019 (actual)
- First posted
- 9 Feb 2017 (estimated)
- Results
- Posted 21 Aug 2024
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
This study is a randomized controlled trial designed to assess the rate of failure of voiding trials in the early and late post-operative period within patients who underwent outpatient pelvic floor surgery that failed initial same day voiding trials.
Detailed description
This study would be powered to detect differences in UTIs and Foley catheter re-insertion rates. Assuming a 10% drop-out rate, 100 total subjects should be enrolled in the study.
All patients that meet the appropriate inclusion criteria and are scheduled for outpatient pelvic floor surgery will be considered for the study. Patients will be counseled about the study either in the office during a surgical planning office visit, over a pre-operative telephone call, or in the pre-operative area just prior to surgery. Consents will be signed in the pre-operative area.
After surgery, the patient will be given a standardized voiding trial as per the usual protocol. If the patient is un-successful in emptying her bladder she will be discharged home with an indwelling Foley catheter with antibiotics. On post-operative day (POD) #1 the patient will be re-assessed for meeting eligibility requirements and will be called and randomized to either the early voiding trial group (EVT) or the late voiding trial group (LVT). Subjects in EVT will be scheduled for a repeat VT on POD#2, POD#3, or POD#4, whereas those in LVT will be scheduled for a repeat VT on or after POD#7. Subjects that are unsuccessful in the repeat VT will have a Foley catheter re-inserted and will return for another VT in 5-7 days. Subjects who fail the third VT from either group will have the Foley catheter replaced and will return for another office VT after waiting an additional 5-7 days or will be started on clean intermittent self-catheterization.
Subjects will be monitored for a 6 week period for voiding and urinary symptoms. Urine will be tested via in-office urinalysis at each office visit, including pre-operatively, and will be sent for a urine culture per usual practice based upon abnormal urinalysis results. Urine cultures that grow out a single organism >10,000 CFU will be treated with appropriate antibiotics. In addition, patients will complete quality of life questionnaires at the time of catheter removal, the standard 2 week post-op visit and at 6weeks post-operatively.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Supportive care
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Early Voiding Trial | Experimental | Device: Foley catheter - Early Voiding TrialAll subjects that are discharged home with a Foley catheter will need an in-office repeat voiding trial. Subjects in this group will have their repeat voiding trial on post-op day #2, 3, or 4 |
| Late Voiding Trial | Active comparator | Device: Foley catheter - Late Voiding TrialAll subjects that are discharged home with a Foley catheter will need an in-office repeat voiding trial. Subjects in this group will have their repeat voiding trial on post-op day #7 or after. This is our current practice. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 years and older
- Sex
- Female only
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (7 listed)
- Female patients
- Over 18 years old
- Speak English and are capable of giving informed consent and are able to complete the English patient questionnaire
- Are willing to return to the office for all necessary visits associated with the study
- Had outpatient gynecology pelvic floor surgery for prolapse or stress urinary incontinence
Key exclusion criteria (10 listed)
- Pre-operative urinary retention as defined as PVR > 200ml
- Prior incontinence surgery
- Passed the voiding trial in the recovery room
- Require prolonged catheterization due to urethral/bladder abnormality (ie vesicovaginal fistula, urethral diverticulum) or intra-op urethral or bladder injury or for intensive post-operative monitoring
- Patients who take any post-operative antibiotics, other than prophylaxis during catheterization, for reasons other than a UTI as diagnosed and prescribed as part of the study
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Foley catheter - Early Voiding TrialAll subjects that are discharged home with a Foley catheter will need an in-office repeat voiding trial. Subjects in the Early Voiding group will have their repeat voiding trial on post-op day #2, 3, or 4 will undergo an in-office voiding trial. The experimental group will return for an in-office voiding trial sooner than the active comparator. | Device | Early Voiding Trial |
| Foley catheter - Late Voiding TrialAll subjects that are discharged home with a Foley catheter will need an in-office repeat voiding trial. Subjects in the Late Voiding group will have their repeat voiding trial on post-op day #7 or after. This is our current practice | Device | Late Voiding Trial |
Primary outcome
Failed Office Voiding Trials
Time frame: within 8 days of surgery
Determine the rates of failed voiding trials in each of the two groups
2 secondary outcomes
Urinary Tract Infections
Time frame: within 6 weeks of surgery
Rate of Bother From Urinary Catheter
Time frame: within 6 weeks of surgery
Results and safety
Loading the posted results from ClinicalTrials.gov…
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 21 Aug 2024.
- Posted resultsParticipant flow, baseline, all outcome measures and adverse events.
- Background: PubMed 9441144Alonzo-Sosa JE, Flores-Contreras JT, Paredes-Canul M. [Method for transurethral catheterization for 1-3 days for pelvic floor relaxation in the postoperative period]. Ginecol Obstet Mex. 1997 Nov;65:455-7. Spanish.
- Background: PubMed 27004205Chong C, Kim HS, Suh DH, Jee BC. Risk factors for urinary retention after vaginal hysterectomy for pelvic organ prolapse. Obstet Gynecol Sci. 2016 Mar;59(2):137-43. doi: 10.5468/ogs.2016.59.2.137. Epub 2016 Mar 16.
- Background: PubMed 23983149Ferrante KL, Kim HY, Brubaker L, Wai CY, Norton PA, Kraus SR, Shepherd J, Sirls LT, Nager CW; Urinary Incontinence Treatment Network. Repeat post-op voiding trials: an inconvenient correlate with success. Neurourol Urodyn. 2014 Nov;33(8):1225-8. doi: 10.1002/nau.22489. Epub 2013 Aug 27.
- Background: PubMed 17712655Glavind K, Morup L, Madsen H, Glavind J. A prospective, randomised, controlled trial comparing 3 hour and 24 hour postoperative removal of bladder catheter and vaginal pack following vaginal prolapse surgery. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2007;86(9):1122-5. doi: 10.1080/00016340701505317.
- Background: PubMed 15270931Hakvoort RA, Elberink R, Vollebregt A, Ploeg T, Emanuel MH. How long should urinary bladder catheterisation be continued after vaginal prolapse surgery? A randomised controlled trial comparing short term versus long term catheterisation after vaginal prolapse surgery. BJOG. 2004 Aug;111(8):828-30. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-0528.2004.00181.x.
- Background: PubMed 26829348Kandadai P, Duenas-Garcia OF, Pilzeck AL, Saini J, Flynn MK, Leung K, Patterson D. A Randomized Controlled Trial of Patient-Controlled Valve Catheter and Indwelling Foley Catheter for Short-term Bladder Drainage. Female Pelvic Med Reconstr Surg. 2016 Mar-Apr;22(2):88-92. doi: 10.1097/SPV.0000000000000249.
- Background: PubMed 18060968Kenton K, Pham T, Mueller E, Brubaker L. Patient preparedness: an important predictor of surgical outcome. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2007 Dec;197(6):654.e1-6. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2007.08.059.
- Background: PubMed 25075308Nicolle LE. Catheter associated urinary tract infections. Antimicrob Resist Infect Control. 2014 Jul 25;3:23. doi: 10.1186/2047-2994-3-23. eCollection 2014.
- Background: PubMed 27319367Ripperda CM, Kowalski JT, Chaudhry ZQ, Mahal AS, Lanzer J, Noor N, Good MM, Hynan LS, Jeppson PC, Rahn DD. Predictors of early postoperative voiding dysfunction and other complications following a midurethral sling. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2016 Nov;215(5):656.e1-656.e6. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2016.06.010. Epub 2016 Jun 16.
- Background: PubMed 8798095Schiotz HA. Comparison of 1 and 3 days' transurethral Foley catheterization after retropubic incontinence surgery. Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct. 1996;7(2):98-101. doi: 10.1007/BF01902381.
- Background: PubMed 16612711Schiotz HA, Tanbo TG. Postoperative voiding, bacteriuria and urinary tract infection with Foley catheterization after gynecological surgery. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2006;85(4):476-81. doi: 10.1080/00016340500409877.
- Background: PubMed 20497880Tan GW, Chan SP, Ho CK. Is transurethral catheterisation the ideal method of bladder drainage? A survey of patient satisfaction with indwelling transurethral urinary catheters. Asian J Surg. 2010 Jan;33(1):31-6. doi: 10.1016/S1015-9584(10)60006-1.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No. There no plan to make individual participant data available to other researchers
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Jeffrey Schachar, MD principal investigator
The Cleveland Clinic
2 sites in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Foley catheter - Early Voiding Trial and Foley catheter - Late Voiding Trial in people with Pelvic Organ Prolapse and Urinary Incontinence,Stress, run by The Cleveland Clinic at 2 sites in United States.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 7 inclusion and 10 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 21 Aug 2024. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 2 sites in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
Yes. Results are posted in the registry (first posted 21 Aug 2024). A summary is in the For doctors view, and the full results are on ClinicalTrials.gov.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Failed Office Voiding Trials (time frame: within 8 days of surgery). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT03048682, which also lists 14 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 21 Aug 2024.