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Aortic Valve StenosisEVoLVeDNCT03094143

Early Valve Replacement Guided by Biomarkers of LV Decompensation in Asymptomatic Patients With Severe AS

A study testing Aortic valve intervention in people with Aortic Valve Stenosis and Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular, run by University of Edinburgh at 1 site in United Kingdom.

Active, not recruiting

Under way, not looking for participants. Everyone needed has enrolled. The study is still running.

Official record
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Trial summary

Aortic stenosis is the most common valvular disease in the Western world. It is caused by progressive narrowing of the aortic valve leading to increased strain on the heart muscle which has to work increasingly hard to pump blood through the narrowed valve. Read more about this study

Who is it for?
Ages 18 years and older
What is being tested?
Aortic valve intervention
Type of treatment
Surgery or procedure
Could I receive a placebo?
No, everyone receives an active treatment
How many people
1,000 participants
Where
1 siteUnited Kingdom
Study dates
21 Jul 2017to 30 Jun 2032
Phase
Interventional
Are there results?
Not yet: the study is under way

Key requirements

Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.

  • Ages 18 years and older
  • All sexes
  • No healthy volunteers
  • Adult, Older adult

Who may be able to join

  • Severe aortic stenosis (aortic valve jet velocity ≥4.0 m/s, or aortic valve area indexed to body surface area <0.6cm2/m2 with aortic jet velocity ≥3.5m/s)
  • Age over 18 years
  • No symptoms attributable to aortic stenosis that require aortic valve replacement

Who cannot join

  • Deemed lower risk for mid-wall fibrosis on screening
  • Planned cardiac surgery
  • Previous valve replacement
  • Severe hypertension (systolic >180 or diastolic >110 mmHg)
  • Acute pulmonary oedema or cardiogenic shock
  • Left ventricular ejection fraction <50% on cardiac MRI
Show all 17Show fewer
  • Significant abnormalities on cardiac MRI that would prevent enrolment
  • Coexistent severe aortic regurgitation or mitral regurgitation
  • Coexistent mitral stenosis greater than mild in severity
  • Coexistent hypertrophic cardiomyopathy or cardiac amyloidosis
  • Any contraindication to MRI scanning (such as permanent pacemaker)
  • Advanced renal impairment (glomerular filtration rate <30 mL/min/1.73 m2)
  • Pregnancy or breast feeding
  • Patient judged to be unfit to be considered for aortic valve replacement or transcatheter aortic valve implantation
  • Patient declines to consider undergoing valve replacement surgery or transcatheter aortic valve implantation
  • Inability to give informed consent
  • Previous randomisation into this study

Trial locations and contacts

1 site in 1 country.

United Kingdom1 site
  • NHS Lothian

    Edinburgh

Other trials in United Kingdom

About this study

Official title: Early Valve Replacement Guided by Biomarkers of Left Ventricular Decompensation in Asymptomatic Patients With Severe Aortic Stenosis

Aortic stenosis is the most common valvular disease in the Western world. It is caused by progressive narrowing of the aortic valve leading to increased strain on the heart muscle which has to work increasingly hard to pump blood through the narrowed valve. Over time the heart muscle thickens to generate more force, but eventually the heart fails leading to death if the valve is not replaced with an operation. No medical treatments exist to stop or reverse the heart valve narrowing. Current clinical guidelines suggest that an operation should be performed only when symptoms develop or the heart muscle is visibly weak on cardiac ultrasound scanning. However, symptoms can be difficult to interpret and in many patients the heart muscle has become irreversibly damaged and the heart fails to recover following surgery.

Using MRI scans of the heart, the investigators have identified heart scarring which seems to develop as the heart muscle thickens. Several studies now show that people who have developed this scarring are more likely to suffer poor outcomes including death. The investigators have also identified clinical risks that predict the presence of scarring.

The investigators propose a study where patients with severe aortic stenosis but no indications for valve replacement as per current guidelines are assessed for those clinical risks. If a participant's risk of having scarring is higher they will undergo a cardiac MRI scan. If scarring is present participants will be randomised to routine clinical care, or referral for valve replacement surgery. Participants with no evidence of scarring will be randomised routine care with study follow or not. The investigators of this study hypothesize that early surgery will lead to fewer complications and reduced risk of death compared to standard care.

Being tested
Aortic valve intervention
Medical subject headings
Aortic Valve Stenosis, Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular

What participants receive

What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.

  • Aortic valve interventionProcedure or surgery

    The choice of either surgical aortic valve replacement or transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) will be made by the local clinical team according to local policies. In patients undergoing surgical replacement the choice of surgical technique and type of valve replacement used will be at the discretion of the operating surgeon. Patients found to have significant coronary artery disease requiring concomitant coronary artery bypass surgery will not be excluded. Similarly the choice of TAVI valve and need for percutaneous coronary intervention will be made by the TAVI heart team. The procedure should be performed as soon as possible and ideally within four months of randomisation and allocation to group A.

Study groups in NCT03094143
Study groupRoleWhat they receive
Group A: Early interventionExperimentalPatients will be referred immediately for aortic valve intervention.
Receives: Procedure: Aortic valve intervention
Group B: Routine careNo interventionPatients will be invited back for clinical follow up according to local policy. Decision making regarding future aortic valve intervention will be taken by the participant's clinical team (cardiologist and cardiac surgeon).
Group C: Routine careNo interventionPatients will be invited back for clinical follow up according to local policy. Decision making regarding future aortic valve intervention will be taken by the patient's clinical team (cardiologist and cardiac surgeon). Group C will appear identical to Group B
Group D: No further study follow upNo interventionPatients will be invited back for clinical follow up according to local policy. Decision making regarding future aortic valve intervention will be taken by the patient's clinical team (cardiologist and cardiac surgeon). No further study follow up will take place but personal data will be retained for future data linkage.

What is being measured

The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.

  1. Composite of all-cause mortality or unplanned aortic stenosis-related hospitalisation

    The first event of all-cause mortality or unplanned aortic stenosis-related hospitalisation

    Unplanned aortic stenosis-related hospitalisation is defined as an unplanned admission with syncope, heart failure, chest pain or arrhythmia (ventricular arrhythmia or second or third degree heart block) attributed to aortic stenosis. This endpoint will be adjudicated by two independent investigators blinded to the details of randomisation following review of the case notes and hospital records.

    Measured: Randomisation through to study completion (mean follow up is expected to be an average of 2.75 years)

Secondary outcomes (12)
  1. All-cause mortality

    Measured: Randomisation through to study completion, an average of 2.75 years

  2. Cardiovascular death

    Measured: Randomisation through to study completion (mean follow up is expected to be an average of 2.75 years)

  3. AS-related death

    AS-related death is a death where aortic stenosis has been listed as a contributory cause by the clinical care team on the patient's official death certificate.

    Measured: Randomisation through to study completion (mean follow up is expected to be an average of 2.75 years)

  4. Sudden cardiac death

    Measured: Randomisation through to study completion (mean follow up is expected to be an average of 2.75 years)

  5. Unplanned aortic-stenosis related hospitalisation

    Unplanned aortic stenosis-related hospitalisation is defined as an unplanned admission with syncope, heart failure, chest pain or arrhythmia (ventricular arrhythmia or second or third degree heart block) attributed to aortic stenosis.

    Measured: Randomisation through to study completion (mean follow up is expected to be an average of 2.75 years)

  6. WHODAS 2.0 (12 item)

    The World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule (WHODAS 2.0) is a generic assessment instrument developed by WHO to provide a standardized method for measuring health and disability across cultures.

    Measured: At study completion (mean follow up is expected to be an average of 2.75 years)

  7. LV systolic function

    The development of LV systolic dysfunction (EF <50% quantitatively or at least mild LV dysfunction qualitatively)

    Measured: Randomisation through to study completion (mean follow up is expected to be an average of 2.75 years)

  8. NYHA status

    Self reported patient symptoms on a scale of I-IV (I = No limitation of physical activity. Ordinary physical activity does not cause undue fatigue, palpitation, dyspnea, IV = Unable to carry on any physical activity without discomfort. Symptoms of heart failure at rest. If any physical activity is undertaken, discomfort increases.)

    Measured: At study completion (mean follow up is expected to be an average of 2.75 years)

  9. Permanent pacemaker insertion, cardiac resynchronisation therapy or automated implantable cardioverter defibrillator

    To compare between study arms the number of participants who have had a permanent pacemaker insertion, cardiac resynchronisation therapy or automated implantable cardioverter defibrillator

    Measured: Randomisation to through to study completion (mean follow up is expected to be an average of 2.75 years)

  10. Stroke

    Measured: Randomisation through to study completion (mean follow up is expected to be an average of 2.75 years)

  11. Endocarditis

    To compare between study arms the number of participants who have endocarditis

    Measured: Randomisation to through to study completion (mean follow up is expected to be an average of 2.75 years)

  12. Post-operative complications following aortic valve intervention

    Measured: 30 days post aortic valve intervention

Timeline

From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.

  1. First posted29 Mar 2017
  2. Study start21 Jul 2017
  3. Primary completion1 Jul 2024
  4. Study completion30 Jun 2032 (estimated)

Resources

More details

For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.

Study design
Study type
Interventional
Phase
Phase N/A
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Randomised
Intervention model
Parallel groups
Model description
\~1000 patients with asymptomatic severe aortic stenosis will be screened across the sites (this is how we have defined enrollment below). Patients at high risk of left ventricular decompensation based on high-sensitivity troponin or ECG will proceed to CMR. Participants are randomised based on the result of the cardiac MRI. Participants who have mid wall fibrosis (heart scarring) are randomised to receive either early surgical intervention (group A) or routine care (group B). Participants who have no mid wall fibrosis are randomised to routine care with study follow up (group C) or without study follow up (group D).
Masking
Quadruple blind
Who is masked
Participant, Care provider, Investigator, Outcomes assessor
Enrolment
1,000 participants (estimated)
IDs, dates and publications
ClinicalTrials.gov ID
NCT03094143
Sponsor's protocol ID
15/JTA
Acronym
EVoLVeD
Status last verified
Sep 2026
First submitted
10 Mar 2017
Last updated
27 Oct 2026
Results posted
No
Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
Individual data sharing
Yes: It is planned that an anonymised raw dataset will be shared under a controlled access model. It will be available following primary publication. Requests will be made in accordance with Edinburgh Clinical Trials Unit policy at the time of release.

Publications

  • Craig NJ, Loganath K, Everett RJ, Bing R, Ramtoola T, Tsampasian V, Molek P, Botezatu S, Aslam S, MacGillivray T, Tuck CE, Rayson P, Calvert PA, Berry C, Chin CWL, Hillis GS, Fairbairn T, Greenwood JP, Steeds R, Leslie SJ, Lang CC, Bucciarelli-Ducci C, Joshi NV, Kunadian V, Prendergast B, Mills NL, Vassiliou VS, Dungu JN, Hothi SS, Boon N, Prasad SK, Keenan NG, Dawson D, Motwani M, Miller CA, Rajani R, Ripley DP, Treibel TA, McCann GP, Singh A, Newby DE, Dweck MR; EVOLVED investigators. Myocardial Fibrosis and Early Intervention in Asymptomatic Patients With Severe Aortic Stenosis: Insights From the EVOLVED Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Cardiol. 2026 Jun 1;11(6):599-605. doi: 10.1001/jamacardio.2026.0654.

    PubMed 41984459
  • Loganath K, Craig NJ, Everett RJ, Bing R, Tsampasian V, Molek P, Botezatu S, Aslam S, Lewis S, Graham C, White AC, MacGillivray T, Tuck CE, Rayson P, Cranley D, Irvine S, Armstrong R, Milne L, Chin CWL, Hillis GS, Fairbairn T, Greenwood JP, Steeds R, Leslie SJ, Lang CC, Bucciarelli-Ducci C, Joshi NV, Kunadian V, Vassiliou VS, Dungu JN, Hothi SS, Boon N, Prasad SK, Keenan NG, Dawson D, Treibel TA, Motwani M, Miller CA, Mills NL, Rajani R, Ripley DP, McCann GP, Prendergast B, Singh A, Newby DE, Dweck MR; EVOLVED investigators. Early Intervention in Patients With Asymptomatic Severe Aortic Stenosis and Myocardial Fibrosis: The EVOLVED Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA. 2025 Jan 21;333(3):213-221. doi: 10.1001/jama.2024.22730.

    PubMed 39466640
  • Patel KP, Scully PR, Saberwal B, Sinha A, Yap-Sanderson JJL, Cheasty E, Mullen M, Menezes LJ, Moon JC, Pugliese F, Klotz E, Treibel TA. Regional Distribution of Extracellular Volume Quantified by Cardiac CT in Aortic Stenosis: Insights Into Disease Mechanisms and Impact on Outcomes. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging. 2024 May;17(5):e015996. doi: 10.1161/CIRCIMAGING.123.015996. Epub 2024 May 21.

    PubMed 38771906
  • Di Pietro E, Frittitta V, Motta S, Strazzieri O, Valvo R, Reddavid C, Costa G, Tamburino C. Treatment in patients with severe asymptomatic aortic stenosis: is it best not to wait? Eur Heart J Suppl. 2022 Nov 12;24(Suppl I):I170-I174. doi: 10.1093/eurheartjsupp/suac089. eCollection 2022 Nov.

    PubMed 36380774
  • Zelis JM, Tonino PAL, Pijls NHJ, De Bruyne B, Kirkeeide RL, Gould KL, Johnson NP. Coronary Microcirculation in Aortic Stenosis: Pathophysiology, Invasive Assessment, and Future Directions. J Interv Cardiol. 2020 Jul 22;2020:4603169. doi: 10.1155/2020/4603169. eCollection 2020.

    PubMed 32774184
  • Bing R, Everett RJ, Tuck C, Semple S, Lewis S, Harkess R, Mills NL, Treibel TA, Prasad S, Greenwood JP, McCann GP, Newby DE, Dweck MR. Rationale and design of the randomized, controlled Early Valve Replacement Guided by Biomarkers of Left Ventricular Decompensation in Asymptomatic Patients with Severe Aortic Stenosis (EVOLVED) trial. Am Heart J. 2019 Jun;212:91-100. doi: 10.1016/j.ahj.2019.02.018. Epub 2019 Mar 15.

    PubMed 30978556

Questions about this trial

What is this clinical trial studying?

A study testing Aortic valve intervention in people with Aortic Valve Stenosis and Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular, run by University of Edinburgh at 1 site in United Kingdom.

The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.

Who may be eligible to take part?

The sponsor lists 3 inclusion and 17 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.

Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?

The record says: under way, not looking for participants, as of the sponsor's last update on 27 Oct 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.

Where is the study taking place?

The record lists 1 site in United Kingdom. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.

What are the possible benefits and risks?

They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.

Are results available for this study?

This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.

How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?

The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.

What does the primary outcome measure?

Composite of all-cause mortality or unplanned aortic stenosis-related hospitalisation (time frame: Randomisation through to study completion (mean follow up is expected to be an average of 2.75 years)). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.

Where can I read the original study information?

On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT03094143, which also lists 6 linked publications.

Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?

No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.

How often is this information updated?

AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 27 Oct 2026.

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