Leptomeningeal MetastasesPhase 1NCT03101579
Intrathecal Pemetrexed for Recurrent Leptomeningeal Metastases From Non-small Cell Lung Cancer
A Phase 1 study testing Pemetrexed, Dexamethasone and Folic Acid in people with Leptomeningeal Metastases, run by The First Hospital of Jilin University at 1 site in China.
Trial summary
It has been proved that intrathecal chemotherapy is the main treatment strategy for leptomeningeal metastases. At present, the commonly used drugs for intrathecal chemotherapy include methotrexate, cytarabine, and liposomal cytarabine. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 75 years
- Conditions the study is for
- Leptomeningeal Metastases
- What is being tested?
- Pemetrexed, Dexamethasone and Folic Acid
- Type of treatment
- Pill or oral medicine, Injection or infusion
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 13 participants
- Where
- 1 siteChina
- Study dates
- 1 Mar 2017to 5 Jan 2019
- Phase
- Phase 1
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 75 years
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Patients diagnosed as leptomeningeal metastases from non-small cell lung cancer had been received comprehensive treatment, including intrathecal methotrexate and/or cytarabine, central nervous system radiation therapy, systemic chemotherapy as well as tyrosine-kinase inhibitor drugs.
- Patients diagnosed with recurrent leptomeningeal metastases by positive cerebrospinal fluid cytological examination and persist aggravate symptoms for more than 1 week, or increased intracranial pressure (>300 mmH2O).
- No severe abnormal liver and kidney function; WBC≥2500/mm3, Plt≥60000/mm3;
- No other severe chronic diseases;
- No severe dyscrasia.
- Signed informed consent form.
Who cannot join
- Patients with the clinical manifestation of nervous system failure including severe encephalopathy, grade III-IV white matter lesions confirmed by imaging examination, moderate or severe coma, and glasgow coma score less than 9 points;
- Patients with severe nervous system injury related with treatment, such as chemical meningitis;
- Patients who had accepted systemic chemotherapy within two weeks, or new molecular targeted therapeutic drug less than one months;
- Patients with poor compliance, or for other reasons, the researchers considered unsuitable to participate in this clinical study.
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
Official title: Intrathecal Pemetrexed for Recurrent Leptomeningeal Metastasis From Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: A Prospective Pilot Clinical Trial
It has been proved that intrathecal chemotherapy is the main treatment strategy for leptomeningeal metastases. At present, the commonly used drugs for intrathecal chemotherapy include methotrexate, cytarabine, and liposomal cytarabine. In recent decades, no new effective drugs have been discovered for intrathecal chemotherapy. The recurrence of leptomeningeal metastases is inevitable even after aggressive treatment. There is no effective treatment for recurrent leptomeningeal metastases after comprehensive treatment which includes intrathecal methotrexate and/or cytarabine, central nervous system radiation therapy, systemic chemotherapy as well as tyrosine-kinase inhibitor drugs. The quality of life is extremely poor, and the patients always die in short time. Pemetrexed is a newer multitargeted antifolate which has shown activity in various tumors. It has higher effectiveness and safety, which has been used as the first-line treatment of non-small cell lung cancer. In animal studies, pemetrexed was demonstrated to suppress tumor growth completely in mice with two types of transplanted human colon xenografts resistant to methotrexate. Therefore, the purpose of the study is to evaluate the safety and feasibility of intrathecal pemetrexed in patients with recurrent leptomeningeal metastases from non-small cell lung cancer.
Read the detailed description
This is a single arm clinical trial. The objective of the study is patients with recurrent or progressive leptomeningeal metastases from non-small cell lung cancer after leptomeningeal metastases-related treatment. The regimen of pemetrexed (Alimta, Eli Lilly and Company) is 10/15/20 mg, plus dexamethasone 5 mg, twice per week for 2 weeks, followed by once per week for 2-4 weeks. Pemetrexed and dexamethasone are administrated by intrathecal injection via lumbar puncture. Folic acid and vitamin B12 are administered to reduce the frequency of myelosuppression. Folic acid 200-400 μg is administered orally once daily, prior to the first intrathecal pemetrexed, until 21 days after the last intrathecal pemetrexed. A single dose of vitamin B12 1000 μg is administered by intramuscular injection before the first intrathecal pemetrexed，once per 3 weeks. To detect the pharmacokinetics of intrathecal pemetrexed, the serum and cerebrospinal fluid samples are collected. These samples would be analyzed by spectrometer for drug concentration.
- Conditions
- Leptomeningeal Metastases
- Being tested
- Pemetrexed, Dexamethasone, Folic Acid, Vitamin B12
- Keywords
- Leptomeningeal metastasis, Recurrence, Intrathecal chemotherapy, Pemetrexed
- Medical subject headings
- Meningeal Carcinomatosis, Recurrence
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
PemetrexedDrug
Pemetrexed,10-15 mg, intrathecal injection via lumbar puncture, twice per week for 2 weeks, followed by once per week for 2-4 weeks.
DexamethasoneDrug
Dexamethasone, 5 mg, intrathecal injection via lumbar puncture, simultaneously with pemetrexed, twice per week for 2 weeks, followed by once per week for 2-4 weeks.
Folic AcidDrug
Folic acid, 400 μg, oral, once per day, prior to the first intrathecal pemetrexed, until 21 days after the last intrathecal pemetrexed.
Vitamin B12Drug
A single dose of vitamin B12 1000 μg, intramuscular injection, before the first intrathecal pemetrexed.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Intra-pemetrexed | Experimental | Patients were treated with intrathecal pemetrexed at dose escalation. The regimen of intrathecal pemetrexed is 10/15/20 mg, plus dexamethasone 5 mg, twice per week for 2 weeks, followed by once per week for 2-4 weeks. Pemetrexed is administrated by intrathecal injection via lumbar puncture. Folic acid 200-400 μg is administered orally once daily, prior to the first intrathecal pemetrexed, until 21 days after the last intrathecal pemetrexed. A single dose of vitamin B12 1000 μg is administered by intramuscular injection before the first intrathecal pemetrexed，once per 3 weeks. To detect the pharmacokinetics of intrathecal pemetrexed, the serum and cerebrospinal fluid samples are collected. These samples would be analyzed by spectrometer for drug concentration. Receives: Drug: Pemetrexed; Drug: Dexamethasone; Drug: Folic Acid; Drug: Vitamin B12 |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Incidence of severe adverse events
Adverse events (AEs) are evaluated according to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE, version 3.0). Events of grade 3-5 are defined as moderate and severe adverse events.
Measured: Two months after the treatment.
Maximal tolerated dose
A dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) was defined as grade 3 neurological toxicities (e.g. chemical meningitis) or other grade 4 toxicity. If more than two patients experienced a DLT, that level was considered too toxic. The maximal tolerated dose (MTD) was exceeded and an additional three patients should be treated at the next lower dose level. The MTD was defined as the dose where 0/3 or 1/6 patients experienced a DLT with at least two patients encountering DLT at the higher dose.
Measured: From the beginning of the treatment until two months after the treatment.
Secondary outcomes (1)
Clinical response rate
The RANO proposal for response criteria of leptomeningeal metastasis was used to assess the clinical response in this study.
Measured: One month after the treatment.
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted5 Apr 2017
- Study start1 Mar 2017
- Primary completion15 Sep 2018
- Study completion5 Jan 2019
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (8)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Leptomeningeal MetastasesStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by The First Hospital of Jilin UniversityThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase 1
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Not applicable
- Intervention model
- Single group
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 13 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- The First Hospital of Jilin University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Zhenyu Pan, The First Hospital of Jilin University
- Investigators
- Zhenyu Pan, Professor, Principal investigator, The First Hospital of Jilin University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT03101579
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- IPRLM
- Status last verified
- Mar 2019
- First submitted
- 23 Mar 2017
- Last updated
- 19 Mar 2019
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- Yes
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
Publications
McDonald AC, Vasey PA, Adams L, Walling J, Woodworth JR, Abrahams T, McCarthy S, Bailey NP, Siddiqui N, Lind MJ, Calvert AH, Twelves CJ, Cassidy J, Kaye SB. A phase I and pharmacokinetic study of LY231514, the multitargeted antifolate. Clin Cancer Res. 1998 Mar;4(3):605-10.
PubMed 9533527Taylor EC, Kuhnt D, Shih C, Rinzel SM, Grindey GB, Barredo J, Jannatipour M, Moran RG. A dideazatetrahydrofolate analogue lacking a chiral center at C-6, N-[4-[2-(2-amino-3,4-dihydro-4-oxo-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-5- yl)ethyl]benzoyl]-L-glutamic acid, is an inhibitor of thymidylate synthase. J Med Chem. 1992 Nov 13;35(23):4450-4. doi: 10.1021/jm00101a023.
PubMed 1447744Adjei AA. Pharmacology and mechanism of action of pemetrexed. Clin Lung Cancer. 2004 Apr;5 Suppl 2:S51-5. doi: 10.3816/clc.2004.s.003.
PubMed 15117425Rinaldi DA, Burris HA, Dorr FA, Woodworth JR, Kuhn JG, Eckardt JR, Rodriguez G, Corso SW, Fields SM, Langley C, et al. Initial phase I evaluation of the novel thymidylate synthase inhibitor, LY231514, using the modified continual reassessment method for dose escalation. J Clin Oncol. 1995 Nov;13(11):2842-50. doi: 10.1200/JCO.1995.13.11.2842.
PubMed 7595747Yan J, Zhong N, Liu G, Chen K, Liu X, Su L, Singhal S. Usp9x- and Noxa-mediated Mcl-1 downregulation contributes to pemetrexed-induced apoptosis in human non-small-cell lung cancer cells. Cell Death Dis. 2014 Jul 3;5(7):e1316. doi: 10.1038/cddis.2014.281.
PubMed 24991768Ramirez JM, Ocio EM, San Miguel JF, Pandiella A. Pemetrexed acts as an antimyeloma agent by provoking cell cycle blockade and apoptosis. Leukemia. 2007 Apr;21(4):797-804. doi: 10.1038/sj.leu.2404599. Epub 2007 Feb 22.
PubMed 17315026Pan Z, Yang G, He H, Zhao G, Yuan T, Li Y, Shi W, Gao P, Dong L, Li Y. Concurrent radiotherapy and intrathecal methotrexate for treating leptomeningeal metastasis from solid tumors with adverse prognostic factors: A prospective and single-arm study. Int J Cancer. 2016 Oct 15;139(8):1864-72. doi: 10.1002/ijc.30214. Epub 2016 Jun 30.
PubMed 27243238Pan Z, Yang G, Cui J, Li W, Li Y, Gao P, Jiang T, Sun Y, Dong L, Song Y, Zhao G. A Pilot Phase 1 Study of Intrathecal Pemetrexed for Refractory Leptomeningeal Metastases From Non-small-cell Lung Cancer. Front Oncol. 2019 Aug 30;9:838. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00838. eCollection 2019.
PubMed 31544065
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 19 Mar 2019. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Intrathecal Pemetrexed for Recurrent Leptomeningeal Metastasis From Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: A Prospective Pilot Clinical Trial
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT03101579
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- IPRLM
- Conditions
- Leptomeningeal Metastases
- Keywords
- Leptomeningeal metastasis, Recurrence, Intrathecal chemotherapy, Pemetrexed
- Phase
- Phase 1
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 13 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- The First Hospital of Jilin UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 1 Mar 2017 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 15 Sep 2018 (actual)
- Study completion
- 5 Jan 2019 (actual)
- First posted
- 5 Apr 2017 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
It has been proved that intrathecal chemotherapy is the main treatment strategy for leptomeningeal metastases. At present, the commonly used drugs for intrathecal chemotherapy include methotrexate, cytarabine, and liposomal cytarabine. In recent decades, no new effective drugs have been discovered for intrathecal chemotherapy. The recurrence of leptomeningeal metastases is inevitable even after aggressive treatment. There is no effective treatment for recurrent leptomeningeal metastases after comprehensive treatment which includes intrathecal methotrexate and/or cytarabine, central nervous system radiation therapy, systemic chemotherapy as well as tyrosine-kinase inhibitor drugs. The quality of life is extremely poor, and the patients always die in short time. Pemetrexed is a newer multitargeted antifolate which has shown activity in various tumors. It has higher effectiveness and safety, which has been used as the first-line treatment of non-small cell lung cancer. In animal studies, pemetrexed was demonstrated to suppress tumor growth completely in mice with two types of transplanted human colon xenografts resistant to methotrexate. Therefore, the purpose of the study is to evaluate the safety and feasibility of intrathecal pemetrexed in patients with recurrent leptomeningeal metastases from non-small cell lung cancer.
Detailed description
This is a single arm clinical trial. The objective of the study is patients with recurrent or progressive leptomeningeal metastases from non-small cell lung cancer after leptomeningeal metastases-related treatment. The regimen of pemetrexed (Alimta, Eli Lilly and Company) is 10/15/20 mg, plus dexamethasone 5 mg, twice per week for 2 weeks, followed by once per week for 2-4 weeks. Pemetrexed and dexamethasone are administrated by intrathecal injection via lumbar puncture. Folic acid and vitamin B12 are administered to reduce the frequency of myelosuppression. Folic acid 200-400 μg is administered orally once daily, prior to the first intrathecal pemetrexed, until 21 days after the last intrathecal pemetrexed. A single dose of vitamin B12 1000 μg is administered by intramuscular injection before the first intrathecal pemetrexed，once per 3 weeks. To detect the pharmacokinetics of intrathecal pemetrexed, the serum and cerebrospinal fluid samples are collected. These samples would be analyzed by spectrometer for drug concentration.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Not applicable
- Intervention model
- Single group
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 1
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Intra-pemetrexed | Experimental | Drug: Pemetrexed, Drug: Dexamethasone, Drug: Folic Acid, Drug: Vitamin B12Patients were treated with intrathecal pemetrexed at dose escalation. The regimen of intrathecal pemetrexed is 10/15/20 mg, plus dexamethasone 5 mg, twice per week for 2 weeks, followed by once per week for 2-4 weeks. Pemetrexed is administrated by intrathecal injection via lumbar puncture. Folic acid 200-400 μg is administered orally once daily, prior to the first intrathecal pemetrexed, until 21 days after the last intrathecal pemetrexed. A single dose of vitamin B12 1000 μg is administered by intramuscular injection before the first intrathecal pemetrexed，once per 3 weeks. To detect the pharmacokinetics of intrathecal pemetrexed, the serum and cerebrospinal fluid samples are collected. These samples would be analyzed by spectrometer for drug concentration. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 75 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (6 listed)
- Patients diagnosed as leptomeningeal metastases from non-small cell lung cancer had been received comprehensive treatment, including intrathecal methotrexate and/or cytarabine, central nervous system radiation therapy, systemic chemotherapy as well as tyrosine-kinase inhibitor drugs.
- Patients diagnosed with recurrent leptomeningeal metastases by positive cerebrospinal fluid cytological examination and persist aggravate symptoms for more than 1 week, or increased intracranial pressure (>300 mmH2O).
- No severe abnormal liver and kidney function; WBC≥2500/mm3, Plt≥60000/mm3;
- No other severe chronic diseases;
- No severe dyscrasia.
Key exclusion criteria (4 listed)
- Patients with the clinical manifestation of nervous system failure including severe encephalopathy, grade III-IV white matter lesions confirmed by imaging examination, moderate or severe coma, and glasgow coma score less than 9 points;
- Patients with severe nervous system injury related with treatment, such as chemical meningitis;
- Patients who had accepted systemic chemotherapy within two weeks, or new molecular targeted therapeutic drug less than one months;
- Patients with poor compliance, or for other reasons, the researchers considered unsuitable to participate in this clinical study.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| PemetrexedPemetrexed,10-15 mg, intrathecal injection via lumbar puncture, twice per week for 2 weeks, followed by once per week for 2-4 weeks. | Drug | Intra-pemetrexed |
| DexamethasoneDexamethasone, 5 mg, intrathecal injection via lumbar puncture, simultaneously with pemetrexed, twice per week for 2 weeks, followed by once per week for 2-4 weeks. | Drug | Intra-pemetrexed |
| Folic AcidFolic acid, 400 μg, oral, once per day, prior to the first intrathecal pemetrexed, until 21 days after the last intrathecal pemetrexed. | Drug | Intra-pemetrexed |
| Vitamin B12A single dose of vitamin B12 1000 μg, intramuscular injection, before the first intrathecal pemetrexed. | Drug | Intra-pemetrexed |
Primary outcome
Incidence of severe adverse events
Time frame: Two months after the treatment.
Adverse events (AEs) are evaluated according to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE, version 3.0). Events of grade 3-5 are defined as moderate and severe adverse events.
Maximal tolerated dose
Time frame: From the beginning of the treatment until two months after the treatment.
A dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) was defined as grade 3 neurological toxicities (e.g. chemical meningitis) or other grade 4 toxicity. If more than two patients experienced a DLT, that level was considered too toxic. The maximal tolerated dose (MTD) was exceeded and an additional three patients should be treated at the next lower dose level. The MTD was defined as the dose where 0/3 or 1/6 patients experienced a DLT with at least two patients encountering DLT at the higher dose.
1 secondary outcome
Clinical response rate
Time frame: One month after the treatment.
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 19 Mar 2019.
- Results publication: PubMed 9533527McDonald AC, Vasey PA, Adams L, Walling J, Woodworth JR, Abrahams T, McCarthy S, Bailey NP, Siddiqui N, Lind MJ, Calvert AH, Twelves CJ, Cassidy J, Kaye SB. A phase I and pharmacokinetic study of LY231514, the multitargeted antifolate. Clin Cancer Res. 1998 Mar;4(3):605-10.
- Results publication: PubMed 1447744Taylor EC, Kuhnt D, Shih C, Rinzel SM, Grindey GB, Barredo J, Jannatipour M, Moran RG. A dideazatetrahydrofolate analogue lacking a chiral center at C-6, N-[4-[2-(2-amino-3,4-dihydro-4-oxo-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-5- yl)ethyl]benzoyl]-L-glutamic acid, is an inhibitor of thymidylate synthase. J Med Chem. 1992 Nov 13;35(23):4450-4. doi: 10.1021/jm00101a023.
- Results publication: PubMed 15117425Adjei AA. Pharmacology and mechanism of action of pemetrexed. Clin Lung Cancer. 2004 Apr;5 Suppl 2:S51-5. doi: 10.3816/clc.2004.s.003.
- Results publication: PubMed 7595747Rinaldi DA, Burris HA, Dorr FA, Woodworth JR, Kuhn JG, Eckardt JR, Rodriguez G, Corso SW, Fields SM, Langley C, et al. Initial phase I evaluation of the novel thymidylate synthase inhibitor, LY231514, using the modified continual reassessment method for dose escalation. J Clin Oncol. 1995 Nov;13(11):2842-50. doi: 10.1200/JCO.1995.13.11.2842.
- Results publication: PubMed 24991768Yan J, Zhong N, Liu G, Chen K, Liu X, Su L, Singhal S. Usp9x- and Noxa-mediated Mcl-1 downregulation contributes to pemetrexed-induced apoptosis in human non-small-cell lung cancer cells. Cell Death Dis. 2014 Jul 3;5(7):e1316. doi: 10.1038/cddis.2014.281.
- Results publication: PubMed 17315026Ramirez JM, Ocio EM, San Miguel JF, Pandiella A. Pemetrexed acts as an antimyeloma agent by provoking cell cycle blockade and apoptosis. Leukemia. 2007 Apr;21(4):797-804. doi: 10.1038/sj.leu.2404599. Epub 2007 Feb 22.
- Results publication: PubMed 27243238Pan Z, Yang G, He H, Zhao G, Yuan T, Li Y, Shi W, Gao P, Dong L, Li Y. Concurrent radiotherapy and intrathecal methotrexate for treating leptomeningeal metastasis from solid tumors with adverse prognostic factors: A prospective and single-arm study. Int J Cancer. 2016 Oct 15;139(8):1864-72. doi: 10.1002/ijc.30214. Epub 2016 Jun 30.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 31544065Pan Z, Yang G, Cui J, Li W, Li Y, Gao P, Jiang T, Sun Y, Dong L, Song Y, Zhao G. A Pilot Phase 1 Study of Intrathecal Pemetrexed for Refractory Leptomeningeal Metastases From Non-small-cell Lung Cancer. Front Oncol. 2019 Aug 30;9:838. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00838. eCollection 2019.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Zhenyu Pan, Professor principal investigator
The First Hospital of Jilin University
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A Phase 1 study testing Pemetrexed, Dexamethasone and Folic Acid in people with Leptomeningeal Metastases, run by The First Hospital of Jilin University at 1 site in China.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 6 inclusion and 4 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 19 Mar 2019. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in China. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
What does this phase mean?
Phase 1 studies test a treatment in a small group of people for the first time or in a new way, mainly to check safety and find the right dose.
Not every study follows the same path, and some studies (observational studies, device studies) have no phase.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Incidence of severe adverse events (time frame: Two months after the treatment.). The study lists 2 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT03101579, which also lists 8 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 19 Mar 2019.