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Aspergillosis, Invasive PulmonaryAzorManNCT03121235

PCR Based Detection of Azole Resistance in A. Fumigatus to Improve Patient Outcome.

An observational study of Aspergillosis, Invasive Pulmonary, run by Erasmus Medical Center at 8 sites in Netherlands.

Completed

Finished. The study has ended and is not enrolling. Results may be posted on the official record.

Official record
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Trial summary

A standard treatment protocol for invasive aspergillosis (IA) will be implemented in several academic hematology centers in the Netherlands in which a diagnostic test demonstrating azole resistance by multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction will guide the choice of appropriate antifungal treatment. Read more about this study

Who is it for?
Ages 18 years and older
Conditions the study is for
Aspergillosis, Invasive Pulmonary
What is being tested?
PCR based detection of azole resistance in A. fumigatus
How many people
320 participants
Where
8 sitesNetherlands
Study dates
20 Apr 2017to 20 Mar 2022
Phase
Observational
Are there results?
None posted in the registry

Key requirements

Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.

  • Ages 18 years and older
  • All sexes
  • Adult, Older adult

Study population: Patients with an underlying haematological disease (AML, CLL, CML, stem cell transplant etc.) aged 18 years and older are eligible if they are presenting with a new pulmonary infiltrate on chest CT-scan suspicious for invasive fungal infection and are planned to undergo or have undergone a bronchoscopic alveolar lavage (BAL).

Who may be able to join

  • Patient with underlying hematological disease
  • Patient will undergo/underwent BAL sampling for suspected invasive fungal infection
  • BAL samples should be submitted to the local microbiology lab for fungal culture and for galactomannan detection.
  • The treating physician is planning to start voriconazole, isavuconazole or posaconazole after the BAL has been sampled while waiting for the culture or PCR results of the BAL sample or has already started voriconazole or posaconazole before BAL sampling.

Who cannot join

  • A potential subject who meets any of the following criteria will be excluded from participation in this study:
  • Antifungal therapy was started >120hours prior to BAL sampling (*)
  • Antifungal prophylaxis with posaconazole or voriconazole for >5 days within the 2 weeks preceding BAL sampling
  • Antifungal prophylaxis with itraconazole and at least half of the plasma itraconazole/hydroxy-itraconazole levels that were measured through therapeutic drug monitoring were above the minimum effective plasma concentration of 0.5mg/L (parental compound only, HLPC assay method). The minimum effective plasma concentration of 0.5mg/L for itraconazole has been established by the ECIL 6 meeting with a recommendation AII.
  • () Patients that develop new pulmonary infiltrates during antifungal prophylaxis (systemic azoles or aerosolized amphotericin B) can be included.

Trial locations and contacts

8 sites in 1 country.

8 sites in 1 country

Netherlands8 sites
  • Academisch Medisch Centrum

    Amsterdam

  • VU Medisch Centrum

    Amsterdam

  • Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen

    Groningen

  • Leids Universitair Medisch Centrum

    Leiden

  • Maastricht Universitair Medisch Centrum +

    Maastricht

  • Radboud Medisch Universitair Centrum

    Nijmegen

  • Erasmus Medical Center

    Rotterdam, 3000 CA

  • Universitair Medisch Centrum Utrecht

    Utrecht

Other trials in Netherlands

About this study

Official title: PCR Based Detection of Azole Resistance in A. Fumigatus to Improve Patient Outcome. A Prospective Multicenter Observational Study.

A standard treatment protocol for invasive aspergillosis (IA) will be implemented in several academic hematology centers in the Netherlands in which a diagnostic test demonstrating azole resistance by multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction will guide the choice of appropriate antifungal treatment.

Objectives:

  1. Improve the outcome of patients infected with azole resistant A. fumigatus by the early detection of Resistance Associated Mutations (RAMs) and with this the earlier initiation of the most appropriate therapy.
  2. Monitor the prevalence of invasive aspergillosis due to strains carrying the TR34/L98H or the TR46/T289A/Y121F resistance associated mutations in the Netherlands.
Read the detailed description

Invasive aspergillosis (IA) is the most common mould infection in immunocompromised haematological patients. A relatively low mortality is observed when diagnosis is made early and treatment with voriconazole, the first choice of treatment, is initiated promptly. However, azole resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus is increasingly reported in Europe. Fungal susceptibility testing is difficult, time consuming and not widely available. Furthermore, cultures remain negative in the majority of the patients with IA. AsperGenius®, is a CE certified multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay that allows for a simultaneous detection of the presence of Aspergillus species and identification of the most common mutations in the A. fumigatus CYP51A gene conferring resistance. The use of this PCR results in faster diagnosis of azole resistance and thus the initiation of appropriate therapy at an earlier point in time. A fast diagnosis and correct treatment leads to an improved outcome. After extensive discussions and a face-to-face meeting with 7 of the 8 UMC in the Netherlands a consensus diagnostic and therapeutic protocol was agreed upon. In this protocol, the AsperGenius® PCR will be used for the diagnosis of azole resistance and antifungal treatment will be changed if resistance is detected. This protocol is the current standard diagnostic and treatment approach at Erasmus MC.

Haematological patients suspected of having an invasive fungal pulmonary infection undergo BAL sampling as standard of care. AsperGenius® PCR on BAL sample allows to make a rapid diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis and gives information about azole resistance faster than standard time consuming methods like fungal culture and galactomannan measurement. A standard treatment protocol based on this new diagnostic tool is in place at Erasmus MC and will be implemented in the other study centres. The centres will be asked to send BAL sample of at least 1ml, preferably 2ml.

If RAMs are detected, the treating physician will be advised to switch from voriconazole to 1 of the following options:

  1. Ambisome 3mg/kg IV
  2. In case of treatment limiting toxicity of Ambisome IV, we suggest the use of an echinocandin in combination with posaconazole and aiming at serum Cthrough levels of 3-4mg/L
  3. Step down therapy from IV therapy as described under 1 and 2 to oral therapy with posaconazole is allowed after at least 2 weeks of IV therapy and after a documented clinical and or radiological response. Posaconazole serum Cthrough levels of 3-4mg/L will be aimed for. Step down to posaconazole will not be done if an A. fumigatus strain with an MIC of >0.5 microgram/ml is cultured.
  4. As an alternative to posaconazole step down, IV ambisome 5mg/kg thrice weekly can be given as well.
Being tested
PCR based detection of azole resistance in A. fumigatus
Keywords
aspergillosis, mycosis, neutropenia, hematologic diseases, AsperGenius PCR, Ambisome, Voriconazole
Medical subject headings
Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis, Aspergillosis, Mycoses, Neutropenia, Hematologic Diseases

What participants receive

What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.

  • PCR based detection of azole resistance in A. fumigatusDiagnostic test

    Diagnosis and treatment of IA will be based on the results of a standardized diagnosis and treatment protocol that includes the use of the AsperGenius® PCR.

What is being measured

The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.

  1. Incidence of antifungal treatment failure

    Incidence of antifungal treatment failure in patients with the presence of RAM detected by the AsperGenius® resistance PCR. This incidence will be compared with a fixed failure rate set at 75%, based on the observed treatment failure in patients treated with voriconazole that were shown to carry azole resistant A. fumigatus.

    Measured: 12 weeks

Secondary outcomes (3)
  1. Demonstrate that early detection of azole resistance reduces the overall mortality.

    This will be compared with a fixed mortality of 50%.

    Measured: 6 weeks

  2. Demonstrate that a step down to oral posaconazole is a reasonable treatment option in patients that have responded to at least 2 weeks of IV antifungal therapy.

    Posaconazole step down therapy will be considered effective if <35% of the patients treated with posaconazole oral monotherapy show progression of their invasive aspergillosis after documented response after at least 14 days of IV antifungal therapy.

    Measured: 12 weeks

  3. Comparison of antifungal treatment failure in patients with the presence of RAM.

    A group that received appropriate antifungal therapy soon will be compared with a group that received treatment late.

    Measured: 24 weeks

Timeline

From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.

  1. First posted20 Apr 2017
  2. Study start20 Apr 2017
  3. Primary completion31 Dec 2021
  4. Study completion20 Mar 2022

Resources

More details

For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.

Study design
Study type
Observational
Observational model
Cohort
Time perspective
Prospective
Enrolment
320 participants (actual)
IDs, dates and publications
ClinicalTrials.gov ID
NCT03121235
Sponsor's protocol ID
MEC-2016-664
Acronym
AzorMan
Status last verified
Mar 2022
First submitted
14 Apr 2017
Last updated
23 Mar 2022
Results posted
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
Individual data sharing
Undecided

Publications

  • Verweij PE, Zhang J, Debets AJM, Meis JF, van de Veerdonk FL, Schoustra SE, Zwaan BJ, Melchers WJG. In-host adaptation and acquired triazole resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus: a dilemma for clinical management. Lancet Infect Dis. 2016 Nov;16(11):e251-e260. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(16)30138-4. Epub 2016 Sep 13.

    PubMed 27638360
  • Vermeulen E, Maertens J, De Bel A, Nulens E, Boelens J, Surmont I, Mertens A, Boel A, Lagrou K. Nationwide Surveillance of Azole Resistance in Aspergillus Diseases. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2015 Aug;59(8):4569-76. doi: 10.1128/AAC.00233-15. Epub 2015 May 18.

    PubMed 25987612
  • van der Linden JW, Snelders E, Kampinga GA, Rijnders BJ, Mattsson E, Debets-Ossenkopp YJ, Kuijper EJ, Van Tiel FH, Melchers WJ, Verweij PE. Clinical implications of azole resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus, The Netherlands, 2007-2009. Emerg Infect Dis. 2011 Oct;17(10):1846-54. doi: 10.3201/eid1710.110226.

    PubMed 22000354
  • Chong GL, van de Sande WW, Dingemans GJ, Gaajetaan GR, Vonk AG, Hayette MP, van Tegelen DW, Simons GF, Rijnders BJ. Validation of a new Aspergillus real-time PCR assay for direct detection of Aspergillus and azole resistance of Aspergillus fumigatus on bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. J Clin Microbiol. 2015 Mar;53(3):868-74. doi: 10.1128/JCM.03216-14. Epub 2015 Jan 7.

    PubMed 25568431
  • Verweij PE, Chowdhary A, Melchers WJ, Meis JF. Azole Resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus: Can We Retain the Clinical Use of Mold-Active Antifungal Azoles? Clin Infect Dis. 2016 Feb 1;62(3):362-8. doi: 10.1093/cid/civ885. Epub 2015 Oct 20.

    PubMed 26486705
  • Mavridou E, Bruggemann RJ, Melchers WJ, Mouton JW, Verweij PE. Efficacy of posaconazole against three clinical Aspergillus fumigatus isolates with mutations in the cyp51A gene. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2010 Feb;54(2):860-5. doi: 10.1128/AAC.00931-09. Epub 2009 Nov 16.

    PubMed 19917751
  • Verweij PE, Ananda-Rajah M, Andes D, Arendrup MC, Bruggemann RJ, Chowdhary A, Cornely OA, Denning DW, Groll AH, Izumikawa K, Kullberg BJ, Lagrou K, Maertens J, Meis JF, Newton P, Page I, Seyedmousavi S, Sheppard DC, Viscoli C, Warris A, Donnelly JP. International expert opinion on the management of infection caused by azole-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus. Drug Resist Updat. 2015 Jul-Aug;21-22:30-40. doi: 10.1016/j.drup.2015.08.001. Epub 2015 Aug 7.

    PubMed 26282594
  • Verweij PE, Lestrade PP, Melchers WJ, Meis JF. Azole resistance surveillance in Aspergillus fumigatus: beneficial or biased? J Antimicrob Chemother. 2016 Aug;71(8):2079-82. doi: 10.1093/jac/dkw259.

    PubMed 27494831
  • Chong GM, van der Beek MT, von dem Borne PA, Boelens J, Steel E, Kampinga GA, Span LF, Lagrou K, Maertens JA, Dingemans GJ, Gaajetaan GR, van Tegelen DW, Cornelissen JJ, Vonk AG, Rijnders BJ. PCR-based detection of Aspergillus fumigatus Cyp51A mutations on bronchoalveolar lavage: a multicentre validation of the AsperGenius assay(R) in 201 patients with haematological disease suspected for invasive aspergillosis. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2016 Dec;71(12):3528-3535. doi: 10.1093/jac/dkw323. Epub 2016 Aug 15.

    PubMed 27530755

Questions about this trial

What is this clinical trial studying?

An observational study of Aspergillosis, Invasive Pulmonary, run by Erasmus Medical Center at 8 sites in Netherlands.

The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.

Who may be eligible to take part?

The sponsor lists 4 inclusion and 5 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.

Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?

The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 23 Mar 2022. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.

Where is the study taking place?

The record lists 8 sites in Netherlands. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.

What are the possible benefits and risks?

They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.

Are results available for this study?

The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.

How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?

The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.

What does the primary outcome measure?

Incidence of antifungal treatment failure (time frame: 12 weeks). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.

Where can I read the original study information?

On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT03121235, which also lists 9 linked publications.

Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?

No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.

How often is this information updated?

AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 23 Mar 2022.

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