Takotsubo CardiomyopathySTARRNCT03299569
Establishing the Incidence of Tako-tsubo Cardiomyopathy in Scotland
An observational study of Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy and Myocardial Infarction, run by University of Aberdeen at 1 site in United Kingdom.
Trial summary
Acute stress-induced (Takotsubo cardiomyopathy) presents like a heart attack and is triggered by intense emotional or physical stress. Although coronary arteries are unobstructed, it has been suggested that the risk of death is similar to a myocardial infarction. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Any age
- Conditions the study is for
- Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy, Myocardial Infarction
- How many people
- 800 participants
- Where
- 1 siteUnited Kingdom
- Study dates
- 29 Jul 2016to 31 Dec 2028
- How long will I take part?
- 13 Years
- Phase
- Observational
- Are there results?
- Not yet: the study is under way
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages Any age
- All sexes
- Child, Adult, Older adult
Study population: Patients diagnosed with Takotsubo cardiomyopathy in Scotland since 2010
Who may be able to join
- All patients diagnosed with Takotsubo cardiomyopathy
Who cannot join
- NA
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country. Contact the study team or a site near you to ask about taking part.
United Kingdom1 site, 1 recruiting
- Recruiting
Cardiac Research Office
Aberdeen, Scotland, AB25 2ZD
Amelia Rudd, HND, 01224 559573, a.e.rudd@abdn.ac.uk
About this study
Official title: Establishing the Incidence of Tako-tsubo Cardiomyopathy in Scotland - the STARR Study
Acute stress-induced (Takotsubo cardiomyopathy) presents like a heart attack and is triggered by intense emotional or physical stress. Although coronary arteries are unobstructed, it has been suggested that the risk of death is similar to a myocardial infarction. The purpose of the STARR study is to identify all cases of Takotsubo in Scotland since 2010 and assess its epidemiology and outcomes.
Read the detailed description
Public Health Scotland will identify all patients centrally coded under codes I42.8 (Other cardiomyopathies), I42.9 (Cardiomyopathy, unspecified) and I51.8 (Other ill-defined heart diseases), using the Community Health Index (CHI) numbers from January 2010. All identified CHI numbers will be thereafter cross-checked with their clinical data at participating health boards to confirm a diagnosis of takotsubo cardiomyopathy and a registry of all confirmed Takotsubo cases will be established.
Clinical data will be collected for all Takotsubo patients retrospectively and prospectively. This will be compared to two contemporaneous gender and age matched control populations:
- a cohort of randomly selected individuals from the Scottish general population supplied by Public Health Scotland
- patients with myocardial infarction (extracted through collaboration with, the High-STEACS investigators, NCT01852123).
Electronic data linkage will be performed by Public Health Scotland to assess outcomes, prescribing and scores of prediction.
- Conditions
- Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy, Myocardial Infarction
- Medical subject headings
- Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy, Myocardial Infarction
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Takotsubo cardiomyopathy | All patients diagnosed with Takotsubo cardiomyopathy in Scotland since 2010. | |
| Myocardial Infarction | An equal number of myocardial infarction patients in NHS Grampian since 2010. |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Mortality and morbidity of takotsubo syndrome
To use a nation-wide cohort (and matched national-wide control populations) to establish the all-cause mortality and consequent all cause hospitalisation rates
Measured: 13 years
Secondary outcomes (1)
Specific causes of mortality and morbidity of takotsubo syndrome
To use a nation-wide cohort (and matched national-wide control populations) to establish the specific causes of mortality and morbidities requiring subsequent hospitalisation
Measured: 13 years
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted3 Oct 2017
- Study start29 Jul 2016
- Primary completion31 Dec 2028 (estimated)
- Study completion31 Dec 2028 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (18)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Takotsubo CardiomyopathyStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Observational
- Observational model
- Case-control
- Time perspective
- Other
- Enrolment
- 800 participants (estimated)
- Target duration
- 13 Years
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- University of Aberdeen
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- NHS Tayside, NHS Lothian, NHS Highlands, NHS Ayrshire and Arran, Golden Jubilee National Hospital, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde, NHS Lanarkshire
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Dana Dawson, MD, MRCP, Principal investigator, University of Aberdeen
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT03299569
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 16/LO/1059
- Acronym
- STARR
- Status last verified
- Sep 2026
- First submitted
- 28 Sep 2017
- Last updated
- 9 Sep 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
Prasad A, Lerman A, Rihal CS. Apical ballooning syndrome (Tako-Tsubo or stress cardiomyopathy): a mimic of acute myocardial infarction. Am Heart J. 2008 Mar;155(3):408-17. doi: 10.1016/j.ahj.2007.11.008. Epub 2008 Jan 31.
PubMed 18294473Templin C, Ghadri JR, Diekmann J, Napp LC, Bataiosu DR, Jaguszewski M, Cammann VL, Sarcon A, Geyer V, Neumann CA, Seifert B, Hellermann J, Schwyzer M, Eisenhardt K, Jenewein J, Franke J, Katus HA, Burgdorf C, Schunkert H, Moeller C, Thiele H, Bauersachs J, Tschope C, Schultheiss HP, Laney CA, Rajan L, Michels G, Pfister R, Ukena C, Bohm M, Erbel R, Cuneo A, Kuck KH, Jacobshagen C, Hasenfuss G, Karakas M, Koenig W, Rottbauer W, Said SM, Braun-Dullaeus RC, Cuculi F, Banning A, Fischer TA, Vasankari T, Airaksinen KE, Fijalkowski M, Rynkiewicz A, Pawlak M, Opolski G, Dworakowski R, MacCarthy P, Kaiser C, Osswald S, Galiuto L, Crea F, Dichtl W, Franz WM, Empen K, Felix SB, Delmas C, Lairez O, Erne P, Bax JJ, Ford I, Ruschitzka F, Prasad A, Luscher TF. Clinical Features and Outcomes of Takotsubo (Stress) Cardiomyopathy. N Engl J Med. 2015 Sep 3;373(10):929-38. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1406761.
PubMed 26332547Elesber AA, Prasad A, Lennon RJ, Wright RS, Lerman A, Rihal CS. Four-year recurrence rate and prognosis of the apical ballooning syndrome. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2007 Jul 31;50(5):448-52. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2007.03.050. Epub 2007 Jul 16.
PubMed 17662398Sy F, Basraon J, Zheng H, Singh M, Richina J, Ambrose JA. Frequency of Takotsubo cardiomyopathy in postmenopausal women presenting with an acute coronary syndrome. Am J Cardiol. 2013 Aug 15;112(4):479-82. doi: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2013.04.010. Epub 2013 May 16.
PubMed 23683950Wittstein IS, Thiemann DR, Lima JA, Baughman KL, Schulman SP, Gerstenblith G, Wu KC, Rade JJ, Bivalacqua TJ, Champion HC. Neurohumoral features of myocardial stunning due to sudden emotional stress. N Engl J Med. 2005 Feb 10;352(6):539-48. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa043046.
PubMed 15703419Dawson DK, Neil CJ, Henning A, Cameron D, Jagpal B, Bruce M, Horowitz J, Frenneaux MP. Tako-Tsubo Cardiomyopathy: A Heart Stressed Out of Energy? JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2015 Aug;8(8):985-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jcmg.2014.10.004. Epub 2014 Nov 1. No abstract available.
PubMed 25499134Neil C, Nguyen TH, Kucia A, Crouch B, Sverdlov A, Chirkov Y, Mahadavan G, Selvanayagam J, Dawson D, Beltrame J, Zeitz C, Unger S, Redpath T, Frenneaux M, Horowitz J. Slowly resolving global myocardial inflammation/oedema in Tako-Tsubo cardiomyopathy: evidence from T2-weighted cardiac MRI. Heart. 2012 Sep;98(17):1278-84. doi: 10.1136/heartjnl-2011-301481. Epub 2012 Jul 11.
PubMed 22791656Madhavan M, Borlaug BA, Lerman A, Rihal CS, Prasad A. Stress hormone and circulating biomarker profile of apical ballooning syndrome (Takotsubo cardiomyopathy): insights into the clinical significance of B-type natriuretic peptide and troponin levels. Heart. 2009 Sep;95(17):1436-41. doi: 10.1136/hrt.2009.170399. Epub 2009 May 24.
PubMed 19468013Summers MR, Lennon RJ, Prasad A. Pre-morbid psychiatric and cardiovascular diseases in apical ballooning syndrome (tako-tsubo/stress-induced cardiomyopathy): potential pre-disposing factors? J Am Coll Cardiol. 2010 Feb 16;55(7):700-1. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2009.10.031. No abstract available.
PubMed 20170799Cross-Disorder Group of the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium. Identification of risk loci with shared effects on five major psychiatric disorders: a genome-wide analysis. Lancet. 2013 Apr 20;381(9875):1371-1379. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(12)62129-1. Epub 2013 Feb 28.
PubMed 23453885Arbustini E, Narula N, Dec GW, Reddy KS, Greenberg B, Kushwaha S, Marwick T, Pinney S, Bellazzi R, Favalli V, Kramer C, Roberts R, Zoghbi WA, Bonow R, Tavazzi L, Fuster V, Narula J. Reply: The MOGE(S) classification for a phenotype-genotype nomenclature of cardiomyopathy: more questions than answers? J Am Coll Cardiol. 2014 Jun 17;63(23):2584-2586. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2014.03.028. Epub 2014 Apr 23. No abstract available.
PubMed 24768880Chen X, Lee G, Maher BS, Fanous AH, Chen J, Zhao Z, Guo A, van den Oord E, Sullivan PF, Shi J, Levinson DF, Gejman PV, Sanders A, Duan J, Owen MJ, Craddock NJ, O'Donovan MC, Blackman J, Lewis D, Kirov GK, Qin W, Schwab S, Wildenauer D, Chowdari K, Nimgaonkar V, Straub RE, Weinberger DR, O'Neill FA, Walsh D, Bronstein M, Darvasi A, Lencz T, Malhotra AK, Rujescu D, Giegling I, Werge T, Hansen T, Ingason A, Noethen MM, Rietschel M, Cichon S, Djurovic S, Andreassen OA, Cantor RM, Ophoff R, Corvin A, Morris DW, Gill M, Pato CN, Pato MT, Macedo A, Gurling HM, McQuillin A, Pimm J, Hultman C, Lichtenstein P, Sklar P, Purcell SM, Scolnick E, St Clair D, Blackwood DH, Kendler KS; GROUP investigators; International Schizophrenia Consortium. GWA study data mining and independent replication identify cardiomyopathy-associated 5 (CMYA5) as a risk gene for schizophrenia. Mol Psychiatry. 2011 Nov;16(11):1117-29. doi: 10.1038/mp.2010.96. Epub 2010 Sep 14.
PubMed 20838396Ashbrook DG, Williams RW, Lu L, Hager R. A cross-species genetic analysis identifies candidate genes for mouse anxiety and human bipolar disorder. Front Behav Neurosci. 2015 Jul 1;9:171. doi: 10.3389/fnbeh.2015.00171. eCollection 2015.
PubMed 26190982McCalmon SA, Desjardins DM, Ahmad S, Davidoff KS, Snyder CM, Sato K, Ohashi K, Kielbasa OM, Mathew M, Ewen EP, Walsh K, Gavras H, Naya FJ. Modulation of angiotensin II-mediated cardiac remodeling by the MEF2A target gene Xirp2. Circ Res. 2010 Mar 19;106(5):952-60. doi: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.109.209007. Epub 2010 Jan 21.
PubMed 20093629Pison L, De Vusser P, Mullens W. Apical ballooning in relatives. Heart. 2004 Dec;90(12):e67. doi: 10.1136/hrt.2004.046813.
PubMed 15547001
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 9 Sep 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Establishing the Incidence of Tako-tsubo Cardiomyopathy in Scotland - the STARR Study
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT03299569
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- STARR / 16/LO/1059
- Conditions
- Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy, Myocardial Infarction
- Study type
- Observational
- Recruitment status
- Recruiting
- Enrolment
- 800 participants (estimated)
- Lead sponsor
- University of AberdeenUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- NHS Tayside, NHS Lothian, NHS Highlands, NHS Ayrshire and Arran, Golden Jubilee National Hospital, NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde, NHS Lanarkshire
- Study start
- 29 Jul 2016 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 31 Dec 2028 (estimated)
- Study completion
- 31 Dec 2028 (estimated)
- First posted
- 3 Oct 2017 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Acute stress-induced (Takotsubo cardiomyopathy) presents like a heart attack and is triggered by intense emotional or physical stress. Although coronary arteries are unobstructed, it has been suggested that the risk of death is similar to a myocardial infarction. The purpose of the STARR study is to identify all cases of Takotsubo in Scotland since 2010 and assess its epidemiology and outcomes.
Detailed description
Public Health Scotland will identify all patients centrally coded under codes I42.8 (Other cardiomyopathies), I42.9 (Cardiomyopathy, unspecified) and I51.8 (Other ill-defined heart diseases), using the Community Health Index (CHI) numbers from January 2010. All identified CHI numbers will be thereafter cross-checked with their clinical data at participating health boards to confirm a diagnosis of takotsubo cardiomyopathy and a registry of all confirmed Takotsubo cases will be established.
Clinical data will be collected for all Takotsubo patients retrospectively and prospectively. This will be compared to two contemporaneous gender and age matched control populations:
- a cohort of randomly selected individuals from the Scottish general population supplied by Public Health Scotland
- patients with myocardial infarction (extracted through collaboration with, the High-STEACS investigators, NCT01852123).
Electronic data linkage will be performed by Public Health Scotland to assess outcomes, prescribing and scores of prediction.
Study design
- Observational model
- Case-control
- Time perspective
- Other
- Target follow-up
- 13 Years
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Takotsubo cardiomyopathy | – | –All patients diagnosed with Takotsubo cardiomyopathy in Scotland since 2010. |
| Myocardial Infarction | – | –An equal number of myocardial infarction patients in NHS Grampian since 2010. |
Who may qualify
- Sex
- All
- Age groups
- Child, Adult, Older adult
- Study population
- Patients diagnosed with Takotsubo cardiomyopathy in Scotland since 2010
Key inclusion criteria (1 listed)
- All patients diagnosed with Takotsubo cardiomyopathy
Key exclusion criteria (1 listed)
- NA
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Primary outcome
Mortality and morbidity of takotsubo syndrome
Time frame: 13 years
To use a nation-wide cohort (and matched national-wide control populations) to establish the all-cause mortality and consequent all cause hospitalisation rates
1 secondary outcome
Specific causes of mortality and morbidity of takotsubo syndrome
Time frame: 13 years
Results and safety
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 9 Sep 2026.
- Background: PubMed 18294473Prasad A, Lerman A, Rihal CS. Apical ballooning syndrome (Tako-Tsubo or stress cardiomyopathy): a mimic of acute myocardial infarction. Am Heart J. 2008 Mar;155(3):408-17. doi: 10.1016/j.ahj.2007.11.008. Epub 2008 Jan 31.
- Background: PubMed 26332547Templin C, Ghadri JR, Diekmann J, Napp LC, Bataiosu DR, Jaguszewski M, Cammann VL, Sarcon A, Geyer V, Neumann CA, Seifert B, Hellermann J, Schwyzer M, Eisenhardt K, Jenewein J, Franke J, Katus HA, Burgdorf C, Schunkert H, Moeller C, Thiele H, Bauersachs J, Tschope C, Schultheiss HP, Laney CA, Rajan L, Michels G, Pfister R, Ukena C, Bohm M, Erbel R, Cuneo A, Kuck KH, Jacobshagen C, Hasenfuss G, Karakas M, Koenig W, Rottbauer W, Said SM, Braun-Dullaeus RC, Cuculi F, Banning A, Fischer TA, Vasankari T, Airaksinen KE, Fijalkowski M, Rynkiewicz A, Pawlak M, Opolski G, Dworakowski R, MacCarthy P, Kaiser C, Osswald S, Galiuto L, Crea F, Dichtl W, Franz WM, Empen K, Felix SB, Delmas C, Lairez O, Erne P, Bax JJ, Ford I, Ruschitzka F, Prasad A, Luscher TF. Clinical Features and Outcomes of Takotsubo (Stress) Cardiomyopathy. N Engl J Med. 2015 Sep 3;373(10):929-38. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1406761.
- Background: PubMed 17662398Elesber AA, Prasad A, Lennon RJ, Wright RS, Lerman A, Rihal CS. Four-year recurrence rate and prognosis of the apical ballooning syndrome. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2007 Jul 31;50(5):448-52. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2007.03.050. Epub 2007 Jul 16.
- Background: PubMed 23683950Sy F, Basraon J, Zheng H, Singh M, Richina J, Ambrose JA. Frequency of Takotsubo cardiomyopathy in postmenopausal women presenting with an acute coronary syndrome. Am J Cardiol. 2013 Aug 15;112(4):479-82. doi: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2013.04.010. Epub 2013 May 16.
- Background: PubMed 15703419Wittstein IS, Thiemann DR, Lima JA, Baughman KL, Schulman SP, Gerstenblith G, Wu KC, Rade JJ, Bivalacqua TJ, Champion HC. Neurohumoral features of myocardial stunning due to sudden emotional stress. N Engl J Med. 2005 Feb 10;352(6):539-48. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa043046.
- Background: PubMed 25499134Dawson DK, Neil CJ, Henning A, Cameron D, Jagpal B, Bruce M, Horowitz J, Frenneaux MP. Tako-Tsubo Cardiomyopathy: A Heart Stressed Out of Energy? JACC Cardiovasc Imaging. 2015 Aug;8(8):985-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jcmg.2014.10.004. Epub 2014 Nov 1. No abstract available.
- Background: PubMed 22791656Neil C, Nguyen TH, Kucia A, Crouch B, Sverdlov A, Chirkov Y, Mahadavan G, Selvanayagam J, Dawson D, Beltrame J, Zeitz C, Unger S, Redpath T, Frenneaux M, Horowitz J. Slowly resolving global myocardial inflammation/oedema in Tako-Tsubo cardiomyopathy: evidence from T2-weighted cardiac MRI. Heart. 2012 Sep;98(17):1278-84. doi: 10.1136/heartjnl-2011-301481. Epub 2012 Jul 11.
- Background: PubMed 19468013Madhavan M, Borlaug BA, Lerman A, Rihal CS, Prasad A. Stress hormone and circulating biomarker profile of apical ballooning syndrome (Takotsubo cardiomyopathy): insights into the clinical significance of B-type natriuretic peptide and troponin levels. Heart. 2009 Sep;95(17):1436-41. doi: 10.1136/hrt.2009.170399. Epub 2009 May 24.
- Background: PubMed 20170799Summers MR, Lennon RJ, Prasad A. Pre-morbid psychiatric and cardiovascular diseases in apical ballooning syndrome (tako-tsubo/stress-induced cardiomyopathy): potential pre-disposing factors? J Am Coll Cardiol. 2010 Feb 16;55(7):700-1. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2009.10.031. No abstract available.
- Background: PubMed 23453885Cross-Disorder Group of the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium. Identification of risk loci with shared effects on five major psychiatric disorders: a genome-wide analysis. Lancet. 2013 Apr 20;381(9875):1371-1379. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(12)62129-1. Epub 2013 Feb 28.
- Background: PubMed 24768880Arbustini E, Narula N, Dec GW, Reddy KS, Greenberg B, Kushwaha S, Marwick T, Pinney S, Bellazzi R, Favalli V, Kramer C, Roberts R, Zoghbi WA, Bonow R, Tavazzi L, Fuster V, Narula J. Reply: The MOGE(S) classification for a phenotype-genotype nomenclature of cardiomyopathy: more questions than answers? J Am Coll Cardiol. 2014 Jun 17;63(23):2584-2586. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2014.03.028. Epub 2014 Apr 23. No abstract available.
- Background: PubMed 20838396Chen X, Lee G, Maher BS, Fanous AH, Chen J, Zhao Z, Guo A, van den Oord E, Sullivan PF, Shi J, Levinson DF, Gejman PV, Sanders A, Duan J, Owen MJ, Craddock NJ, O'Donovan MC, Blackman J, Lewis D, Kirov GK, Qin W, Schwab S, Wildenauer D, Chowdari K, Nimgaonkar V, Straub RE, Weinberger DR, O'Neill FA, Walsh D, Bronstein M, Darvasi A, Lencz T, Malhotra AK, Rujescu D, Giegling I, Werge T, Hansen T, Ingason A, Noethen MM, Rietschel M, Cichon S, Djurovic S, Andreassen OA, Cantor RM, Ophoff R, Corvin A, Morris DW, Gill M, Pato CN, Pato MT, Macedo A, Gurling HM, McQuillin A, Pimm J, Hultman C, Lichtenstein P, Sklar P, Purcell SM, Scolnick E, St Clair D, Blackwood DH, Kendler KS; GROUP investigators; International Schizophrenia Consortium. GWA study data mining and independent replication identify cardiomyopathy-associated 5 (CMYA5) as a risk gene for schizophrenia. Mol Psychiatry. 2011 Nov;16(11):1117-29. doi: 10.1038/mp.2010.96. Epub 2010 Sep 14.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part.
Dana Dawson, MD, MRCP principal investigator
University of Aberdeen
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
An observational study of Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy and Myocardial Infarction, run by University of Aberdeen at 1 site in United Kingdom.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 1 inclusion and 1 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: looking for participants now, as of the sponsor's last update on 9 Sep 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in United Kingdom. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
Contact Dana Dawson, MD, MRCP (01224 437969, dana.dawson@abdn.ac.uk), or a site near the patient. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Mortality and morbidity of takotsubo syndrome (time frame: 13 years). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT03299569, which also lists 18 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 9 Sep 2026.