StrokeNCT03335787
Effectiveness of Kinesio Taping On Balance In Patients With Stroke
A study testing Intervention in people with Stroke, run by Abant Izzet Baysal University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
Trial summary
The aim of this study is to investigate the long term effects of Kinesio taping applied on ankle and peroneal muscle in patients with stroke. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 80 years
- Conditions the study is for
- Stroke
- What is being tested?
- Intervention
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 61 participants
- Where
- 1 siteTurkey (Türkiye)
- Study dates
- 20 Nov 2013to 20 Apr 2018
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 80 years
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Willing to participate
- Diagnosed with Stroke
- Mini-Mental State Test score equal or above 25
- Modified Ashworth Scale Score lover then 3
- Able to walk 10 meter independently
Who cannot join
- Secondary neurological diseases
- Cognitive problems
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
Official title: The Long Term Effects Of Kinesio Taping On Balance In Patients With Stroke: A Single Blinded Randomized Controlled Trial
The aim of this study is to investigate the long term effects of Kinesio taping applied on ankle and peroneal muscle in patients with stroke.
Read the detailed description
Stroke is a common neurological problem and is one of the major causes of disability and death (1,2). In stroke patients, the mortality rate is approximately 30%, and there is an increase in the morbidity rate after stroke occurrence. In addition, stroke is one of the main factors in increases in the burden of health care expenses during adulthood (3).
There is a constant requirement for specific data about stroke rehabilitation methods for achieving evidence-based rehabilitation guidelines.To investigate the effects of repeated correction taping applied on the ankle and peroneus longus and peroneus brevis muscles on balance and gait in patients with stroke. Therefore, the aim of this study is to assess the long term effect of KT applied on ankle and peroneal muscle on both dynamic and static balance in patients with stroke.
- Conditions
- Stroke
- Being tested
- Intervention, Control
- Keywords
- Athletic Tape, Proprioception, Hemiplegia, Gait
- Medical subject headings
- Stroke, Hemiplegia
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
InterventionOther
Kinesio Tape apply to peroneal muscles in supine position starting from the peroneal muscle origin with using muscle activation technique by a certified KT1 and KT2 practitioner. Then ligament technique which will go through around ankle starting from medial and lateral metatarsophalangeal joints in order to improve ankle stability. Taping will be applied one week later and two weeks later prior to first application.
ControlOther
Any sham taping was not applied to the control group in order to prevent the sensory stimulant effect of taping. In order to achieve patients' blinding both groups participant will sign a same consent but control group will be called for taping a month later after study data collection completed.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Intervention | Experimental | Taping will be applied three times and will be reapplied one and two weeks later prior to first application for two weeks. Receives: Other: Intervention |
| Control | Other | Control group would not receive any taping in order to prevent sham taping sensory stimulation effect. Receives: Other: Control |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Balance evaluation systems test (BESTest)-Change from Baseline
BESTest contains 27 question under 6 subsections (biomechanical, stability limits, postural responses, anticipatory postural adjustments, sensory orientation, and dynamic balance during gait) all of which rates between 0 (unable) - 3 (normal function) points (22) was used to assess the dynamic and static balance during the activities. TUG was used to assess balance, mobility and walking ability of the patients before and after the procedure as a part of the BESTest. However, as a strong indicator of functional mobility we decided to analyze TUG results separately from the overall BESTest outcomes. Assessments will be conducted at baseline, after first application,one week later and 2 weeks later prior to first assessment.
Measured: two weeks
Secondary outcomes (3)
Functional reach test (FRT)-Change from Baseline
FRT was used to assess the limits of stability by measuring the distance that a patient can reach forward without losing balance. The test was performed while patient standing on both feet next to a wall. A measurement tape fixed to the wall on the level of patients' acromion. Cut of score was taken as 25 cm. Assessments will be conducted at baseline, after first application,one week later and 2 weeks later prior to first assessment.
Measured: two weeks
Tetrax balance systems-Change from Baseline
Tetrax balance system which focuses measuring static balance and postural sways with integrated 4 force plates for tracking weight difference on forefoot and hindfoot. Primary principal of this device is to measure the center of mass and postural sways by using 4 force plates. Assessment was performed while patients standing on the force plates eyes facing forward and without touching anything with their hands. Normal values were taken as 1.0 standard deviation below and 1.5 standard deviation above the mean scores. Higher result related to somato-sensory dysfunction. For weight distribution index it is expected to %25 of total body weight recorded on each plate. Assessments will be conducted at baseline, after first application,one week later and 2 weeks later prior to first assessment.
Measured: two weeks
Functional Independence Measure (FIM)-Change from Baseline
Index for measuring both motor and cognitive independency level of patients under total 18 questions. Scores vary from completely independent to completely dependent. Assessments will be conducted at baseline, after first application,one week later and 2 weeks later prior to first assessment.
Measured: two weeks
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted8 Nov 2017
- Study start20 Nov 2013
- Primary completion15 Mar 2018
- Study completion20 Apr 2018
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (20)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for StrokeStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by Abant Izzet Baysal UniversityThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Model description
- Patients' information and contact will be obtained from neurologist and willing participant's gender, age and stroke onset data will be processed with a random number generator in order to form groups. Patients will divide into two groups as intervention and control with a normal distribution of gender, age and stroke onset.
- Masking
- Double blind
- Who is masked
- Participant, Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 61 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Abant Izzet Baysal University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Ramazan KURUL, Abant Izzet Baysal University
- Investigators
- Tamer Çankaya, Ph.D, Study director, Abant Izzet Baysal UniversityRamazan Kurul, Ms.C, Principal investigator, Abant Izzet Baysal University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT03335787
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- AbantIBU-Phys1
- Status last verified
- Feb 2024
- First submitted
- 6 Oct 2017
- Last updated
- 28 Feb 2024
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No: After publication of article Tetrax balance scores, BESTest results and Timed Up and Go times can be shared with other researches with an excel data sheet. Researchers can contact corresponding researcher with his contact mail and request data.
Publications
Sacco RL, Kasner SE, Broderick JP, Caplan LR, Connors JJ, Culebras A, Elkind MS, George MG, Hamdan AD, Higashida RT, Hoh BL, Janis LS, Kase CS, Kleindorfer DO, Lee JM, Moseley ME, Peterson ED, Turan TN, Valderrama AL, Vinters HV; American Heart Association Stroke Council, Council on Cardiovascular Surgery and Anesthesia; Council on Cardiovascular Radiology and Intervention; Council on Cardiovascular and Stroke Nursing; Council on Epidemiology and Prevention; Council on Peripheral Vascular Disease; Council on Nutrition, Physical Activity and Metabolism. An updated definition of stroke for the 21st century: a statement for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association. Stroke. 2013 Jul;44(7):2064-89. doi: 10.1161/STR.0b013e318296aeca. Epub 2013 May 7.
PubMed 23652265Roger VL, Go AS, Lloyd-Jones DM, Benjamin EJ, Berry JD, Borden WB, Bravata DM, Dai S, Ford ES, Fox CS, Fullerton HJ, Gillespie C, Hailpern SM, Heit JA, Howard VJ, Kissela BM, Kittner SJ, Lackland DT, Lichtman JH, Lisabeth LD, Makuc DM, Marcus GM, Marelli A, Matchar DB, Moy CS, Mozaffarian D, Mussolino ME, Nichol G, Paynter NP, Soliman EZ, Sorlie PD, Sotoodehnia N, Turan TN, Virani SS, Wong ND, Woo D, Turner MB; American Heart Association Statistics Committee and Stroke Statistics Subcommittee. Heart disease and stroke statistics--2012 update: a report from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2012 Jan 3;125(1):e2-e220. doi: 10.1161/CIR.0b013e31823ac046. Epub 2011 Dec 15. No abstract available.
PubMed 22179539Wardlaw JM, Murray V, Berge E, del Zoppo GJ. Thrombolysis for acute ischaemic stroke. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2014 Jul 29;2014(7):CD000213. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD000213.pub3.
PubMed 25072528Stroke Unit Trialists' Collaboration. Organised inpatient (stroke unit) care for stroke. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2007 Oct 17;(4):CD000197. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD000197.pub2.
PubMed 17943737Wade DT. Impact commentaries. Functional abilities after stroke: measurement, natural history and prognosis. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2012 Aug;83(8):770. doi: 10.1136/jnnp-2011-301689. Epub 2012 Jan 6. No abstract available.
PubMed 22228728Miller EL, Murray L, Richards L, Zorowitz RD, Bakas T, Clark P, Billinger SA; American Heart Association Council on Cardiovascular Nursing and the Stroke Council. Comprehensive overview of nursing and interdisciplinary rehabilitation care of the stroke patient: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Stroke. 2010 Oct;41(10):2402-48. doi: 10.1161/STR.0b013e3181e7512b. Epub 2010 Sep 2. No abstract available.
PubMed 20813995Geiger RA, Allen JB, O'Keefe J, Hicks RR. Balance and mobility following stroke: effects of physical therapy interventions with and without biofeedback/forceplate training. Phys Ther. 2001 Apr;81(4):995-1005.
PubMed 11276182Geurts AC, de Haart M, van Nes IJ, Duysens J. A review of standing balance recovery from stroke. Gait Posture. 2005 Nov;22(3):267-81. doi: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2004.10.002. Epub 2004 Dec 7.
PubMed 16214666Hillier S, Dunsford A. A pilot study of sensory retraining for the hemiparetic foot post-stroke. Int J Rehabil Res. 2006 Sep;29(3):237-42. doi: 10.1097/01.mrr.0000210052.32539.22.
PubMed 16900045de Haart M, Geurts AC, Huidekoper SC, Fasotti L, van Limbeek J. Recovery of standing balance in postacute stroke patients: a rehabilitation cohort study. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2004 Jun;85(6):886-95. doi: 10.1016/j.apmr.2003.05.012.
PubMed 15179641Mauritz KH. Gait training in hemiparetic stroke patients. Eura Medicophys. 2004 Sep;40(3):165-78.
PubMed 16172584Slupik A, Dwornik M, Bialoszewski D, Zych E. Effect of Kinesio Taping on bioelectrical activity of vastus medialis muscle. Preliminary report. Ortop Traumatol Rehabil. 2007 Nov-Dec;9(6):644-51. English, Polish.
PubMed 18227756Yoshida A, Kahanov L. The effect of kinesio taping on lower trunk range of motions. Res Sports Med. 2007 Apr-Jun;15(2):103-12. doi: 10.1080/15438620701405206.
PubMed 17578750Jaraczewska E, Long C. Kinesio taping in stroke: improving functional use of the upper extremity in hemiplegia. Top Stroke Rehabil. 2006 Summer;13(3):31-42. doi: 10.1310/33KA-XYE3-QWJB-WGT6.
PubMed 16987790Robbins S, Waked E, Rappel R. Ankle taping improves proprioception before and after exercise in young men. Br J Sports Med. 1995 Dec;29(4):242-7. doi: 10.1136/bjsm.29.4.242.
PubMed 8808537
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 28 Feb 2024. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- The Long Term Effects Of Kinesio Taping On Balance In Patients With Stroke: A Single Blinded Randomized Controlled Trial
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT03335787
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- AbantIBU-Phys1
- Conditions
- Stroke
- Keywords
- Athletic Tape, Proprioception, Hemiplegia, Gait
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 61 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Abant Izzet Baysal UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 20 Nov 2013 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 15 Mar 2018 (actual)
- Study completion
- 20 Apr 2018 (actual)
- First posted
- 8 Nov 2017 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
The aim of this study is to investigate the long term effects of Kinesio taping applied on ankle and peroneal muscle in patients with stroke.
Detailed description
Stroke is a common neurological problem and is one of the major causes of disability and death (1,2). In stroke patients, the mortality rate is approximately 30%, and there is an increase in the morbidity rate after stroke occurrence. In addition, stroke is one of the main factors in increases in the burden of health care expenses during adulthood (3).
There is a constant requirement for specific data about stroke rehabilitation methods for achieving evidence-based rehabilitation guidelines.To investigate the effects of repeated correction taping applied on the ankle and peroneus longus and peroneus brevis muscles on balance and gait in patients with stroke. Therefore, the aim of this study is to assess the long term effect of KT applied on ankle and peroneal muscle on both dynamic and static balance in patients with stroke.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Double blind (participant, outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 2
- Model description
- Patients' information and contact will be obtained from neurologist and willing participant's gender, age and stroke onset data will be processed with a random number generator in order to form groups. Patients will divide into two groups as intervention and control with a normal distribution of gender, age and stroke onset.
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Intervention | Experimental | Other: InterventionTaping will be applied three times and will be reapplied one and two weeks later prior to first application for two weeks. |
| Control | Other | Other: ControlControl group would not receive any taping in order to prevent sham taping sensory stimulation effect. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 80 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (5 listed)
- Willing to participate
- Diagnosed with Stroke
- Mini-Mental State Test score equal or above 25
- Modified Ashworth Scale Score lover then 3
- Able to walk 10 meter independently
Key exclusion criteria (2 listed)
- Secondary neurological diseases
- Cognitive problems
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| InterventionKinesio Tape apply to peroneal muscles in supine position starting from the peroneal muscle origin with using muscle activation technique by a certified KT1 and KT2 practitioner. Then ligament technique which will go through around ankle starting from medial and lateral metatarsophalangeal joints in order to improve ankle stability. Taping will be applied one week later and two weeks later prior to first application. | Other | Intervention |
| ControlAny sham taping was not applied to the control group in order to prevent the sensory stimulant effect of taping. In order to achieve patients' blinding both groups participant will sign a same consent but control group will be called for taping a month later after study data collection completed. | Other | Control |
Primary outcome
Balance evaluation systems test (BESTest)-Change from Baseline
Time frame: two weeks
BESTest contains 27 question under 6 subsections (biomechanical, stability limits, postural responses, anticipatory postural adjustments, sensory orientation, and dynamic balance during gait) all of which rates between 0 (unable) - 3 (normal function) points (22) was used to assess the dynamic and static balance during the activities. TUG was used to assess balance, mobility and walking ability of the patients before and after the procedure as a part of the BESTest. However, as a strong indicator of functional mobility we decided to analyze TUG results separately from the overall BESTest outcomes. Assessments will be conducted at baseline, after first application,one week later and 2 weeks later prior to first assessment.
3 secondary outcomes
Functional reach test (FRT)-Change from Baseline
Time frame: two weeks
Tetrax balance systems-Change from Baseline
Time frame: two weeks
Functional Independence Measure (FIM)-Change from Baseline
Time frame: two weeks
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 28 Feb 2024.
- Background: PubMed 23652265Sacco RL, Kasner SE, Broderick JP, Caplan LR, Connors JJ, Culebras A, Elkind MS, George MG, Hamdan AD, Higashida RT, Hoh BL, Janis LS, Kase CS, Kleindorfer DO, Lee JM, Moseley ME, Peterson ED, Turan TN, Valderrama AL, Vinters HV; American Heart Association Stroke Council, Council on Cardiovascular Surgery and Anesthesia; Council on Cardiovascular Radiology and Intervention; Council on Cardiovascular and Stroke Nursing; Council on Epidemiology and Prevention; Council on Peripheral Vascular Disease; Council on Nutrition, Physical Activity and Metabolism. An updated definition of stroke for the 21st century: a statement for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association. Stroke. 2013 Jul;44(7):2064-89. doi: 10.1161/STR.0b013e318296aeca. Epub 2013 May 7.
- Background: PubMed 22179539Roger VL, Go AS, Lloyd-Jones DM, Benjamin EJ, Berry JD, Borden WB, Bravata DM, Dai S, Ford ES, Fox CS, Fullerton HJ, Gillespie C, Hailpern SM, Heit JA, Howard VJ, Kissela BM, Kittner SJ, Lackland DT, Lichtman JH, Lisabeth LD, Makuc DM, Marcus GM, Marelli A, Matchar DB, Moy CS, Mozaffarian D, Mussolino ME, Nichol G, Paynter NP, Soliman EZ, Sorlie PD, Sotoodehnia N, Turan TN, Virani SS, Wong ND, Woo D, Turner MB; American Heart Association Statistics Committee and Stroke Statistics Subcommittee. Heart disease and stroke statistics--2012 update: a report from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2012 Jan 3;125(1):e2-e220. doi: 10.1161/CIR.0b013e31823ac046. Epub 2011 Dec 15. No abstract available.
- Background: PubMed 25072528Wardlaw JM, Murray V, Berge E, del Zoppo GJ. Thrombolysis for acute ischaemic stroke. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2014 Jul 29;2014(7):CD000213. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD000213.pub3.
- Background: PubMed 17943737Stroke Unit Trialists' Collaboration. Organised inpatient (stroke unit) care for stroke. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2007 Oct 17;(4):CD000197. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD000197.pub2.
- Background: PubMed 22228728Wade DT. Impact commentaries. Functional abilities after stroke: measurement, natural history and prognosis. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2012 Aug;83(8):770. doi: 10.1136/jnnp-2011-301689. Epub 2012 Jan 6. No abstract available.
- Background: PubMed 20813995Miller EL, Murray L, Richards L, Zorowitz RD, Bakas T, Clark P, Billinger SA; American Heart Association Council on Cardiovascular Nursing and the Stroke Council. Comprehensive overview of nursing and interdisciplinary rehabilitation care of the stroke patient: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Stroke. 2010 Oct;41(10):2402-48. doi: 10.1161/STR.0b013e3181e7512b. Epub 2010 Sep 2. No abstract available.
- Background: PubMed 11276182Geiger RA, Allen JB, O'Keefe J, Hicks RR. Balance and mobility following stroke: effects of physical therapy interventions with and without biofeedback/forceplate training. Phys Ther. 2001 Apr;81(4):995-1005.
- Background: PubMed 16214666Geurts AC, de Haart M, van Nes IJ, Duysens J. A review of standing balance recovery from stroke. Gait Posture. 2005 Nov;22(3):267-81. doi: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2004.10.002. Epub 2004 Dec 7.
- Background: PubMed 16900045Hillier S, Dunsford A. A pilot study of sensory retraining for the hemiparetic foot post-stroke. Int J Rehabil Res. 2006 Sep;29(3):237-42. doi: 10.1097/01.mrr.0000210052.32539.22.
- Background: PubMed 15179641de Haart M, Geurts AC, Huidekoper SC, Fasotti L, van Limbeek J. Recovery of standing balance in postacute stroke patients: a rehabilitation cohort study. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2004 Jun;85(6):886-95. doi: 10.1016/j.apmr.2003.05.012.
- Background: PubMed 16172584Mauritz KH. Gait training in hemiparetic stroke patients. Eura Medicophys. 2004 Sep;40(3):165-78.
- Background: PubMed 18227756Slupik A, Dwornik M, Bialoszewski D, Zych E. Effect of Kinesio Taping on bioelectrical activity of vastus medialis muscle. Preliminary report. Ortop Traumatol Rehabil. 2007 Nov-Dec;9(6):644-51. English, Polish.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No. After publication of article Tetrax balance scores, BESTest results and Timed Up and Go times can be shared with other researches with an excel data sheet. Researchers can contact corresponding researcher with his contact mail and request data.
Related trials for Stroke
Not yet recruiting
Temporal Interference Stimulation for Upper-Limb Motor Recovery in Early Subacute Stroke
Acute Ischemic Stroke
RecruitingObservational study
ELATE Study: Evaluating Large-vessel Acute Thrombectomy in Extended Time Window
Acute Ichemic Stroke
Recruiting
Web-Based Tele-Rehabilitation Using Action Observation and Mirror Therapy for Subacute Stroke: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Stroke, Upper Extremity Paresis
Recruiting
Early Motor-Cognitive Integrative Training on Cognitive and Motor Performance in Patients With Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Subarachnoid Aneurysm Hemorrhage
Not yet recruiting
Selective Intra-Arterial Hypothermia After Endovascular Treatment for Acute Basilar Artery Occlusion
Acute Ischemic Stroke, Basilar Artery Occlusion
Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Tamer Çankaya, Ph.D study director
Abant Izzet Baysal University
Ramazan Kurul, Ms.C principal investigator
Abant Izzet Baysal University
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Intervention in people with Stroke, run by Abant Izzet Baysal University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 5 inclusion and 2 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 28 Feb 2024. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Balance evaluation systems test (BESTest)-Change from Baseline (time frame: two weeks). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT03335787, which also lists 20 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 28 Feb 2024; AzTrials last refreshed its copy on 7 Nov 2026.