AntidepressantsNCT03361514
Discontinuation of Antidepressant Medication in Primary Care.
A study testing Supported Protocolized Discontinuation (SPD) and Mindfulness Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) in people with Antidepressants, run by Radboud University Medical Center at 1 site in Netherlands.
Trial summary
To investigate the effectiveness of the combination of Supported Protocolized Discontinuation (SPD) and Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) in comparison with SPD alone in successful discontinuation of long-term use of antidepressants in primary care. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 years and olderHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Antidepressants
- What is being tested?
- Supported Protocolized Discontinuation (SPD) and Mindfulness Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT)
- Type of treatment
- Lifestyle or therapy programme
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 119 participants
- Where
- 1 siteNetherlands
- Study dates
- 20 Feb 2017to 1 Aug 2019
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 years and older
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Having received prescriptions for antidepressants in primary care for at least the past nine months
Who cannot join
- Current treatment by a psychiatrist
- Current diagnosis of substance use disorder
- Non-psychiatric indication for long-term antidepressant usage (i.e. neuropathic pain)
- Having participated in a mindfulness training (> 3 sessions) within the last 5 years
- Inability to perform the assessments due to cognitive or language difficulties
- Younger than 18 years
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
Netherlands1 site
Radboud University Medical Centre for Mindfulness, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre
Nijmegen, Gelderland, 6500HB
About this study
Official title: Discontinuation of Antidepressant Medication in Primary Care Supported by Monitoring Plus Mindfulness-based Cognitive Therapy Versus Monitoring Alone.
To investigate the effectiveness of the combination of Supported Protocolized Discontinuation (SPD) and Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) in comparison with SPD alone in successful discontinuation of long-term use of antidepressants in primary care.
Read the detailed description
Antidepressant use continues to rise, mainly explained by an increase in the proportion of patients receiving long term treatment. Although treatment guidelines recommend discontinuation after sustained remission, discontinuing antidepressants appears to be challenging for both patients and general practitioners. Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) is an effective intervention that reduces the risk of relapse in recurrent depression and might facilitate discontinuation by teaching patients to cope with withdrawal symptoms and fear of relapse. The current study aims to investigate the effectiveness of the combination of Supported Protocolized Discontinuation (SPD) and MBCT in comparison with SPD alone in successful discontinuation of long-term use of antidepressants in primary care.
Methods/Design This study involves a cluster-randomized controlled trial conducted in primary care patients with long-term use antidepressants with baseline and 6, 9 and 12 months follow-up assessments. Patients choosing to discontinue their medication will be offered a combination of supported protocolized discontinuation (SPD) and MBCT or SPD alone. Our primary outcome will be full discontinuation of antidepressant medication (= 0 mg) within 6 months after baseline assessment. Secondary outcome measures will be the severity of withdrawal symptoms, symptoms of depression and anxiety, psychological well-being, quality of life and medical and societal costs.
- Conditions
- Antidepressants
- Being tested
- Supported Protocolized Discontinuation (SPD), Mindfulness Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT)
- Keywords
- antidepressants, discontinuation, primary care, MBCT
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Supported Protocolized Discontinuation (SPD)Behavioural
Patients who choose to discontinue their medication will make a personal tapering schedule with their GP based upon a discontinuation protocol with tapering suggestions. The protocol offers suggestions to taper within a maximum of 6 months describing all types of available dosages per antidepressant so individualized schedules can be constructed. In addition, they will be offered supportive meetings with the GP's mental health assistant. The assistant will receive basic information about discontinuation guidance, i.e. the information brochure, decision aid, discontinuation protocol and a short guideline how to organise consultations.
Mindfulness Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT)Behavioural
In addition to the SPD patients are offered Mindfulness Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) in homogeneous groups of patients willing to withdraw from their medication. MBCT will be offered according to the treatment protocol developed for recurrent depression, adaptated to the specific needs of patients discontinuing their antidepressant medication. The mindfulness courses will be provided by teachers qualifying the advanced criteria of the Association of Mindfulness Based Teachers in the Netherlands and Flanders. All teachers will receive additional training in using the specific study protocol at the start of the project.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Supported Protocolized Discontinuation | Active comparator | Supported Protocolized Discontinuation (SPD) Patients will receive guidance of their GP and can have supportive meetings with the mental health assistant. Receives: Behavioral: Supported Protocolized Discontinuation (SPD) |
| SPD + Mindfulness (MBCT) | Experimental | In addition to the SPD (as mentioned above) patients are offered Mindfulness Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) Receives: Behavioral: Supported Protocolized Discontinuation (SPD); Behavioral: Mindfulness Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Number of patients who fully discontinued their antidepressant medication after 6 months.
Our primary outcome will be full discontinuation of antidepressant medication (= 0 mg) within 6 months after baseline assessment. Use of medication will be measured with daily calendars. Patients daily fill out paper calendars describing their daily milligrams of their antidepressant use.
Measured: 6 months
Secondary outcomes (8)
Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV-TR Disorders
Diagnostic instrument to assess relapse of depressive episode
Measured: baseline and 6, 9 and 12 months
Discontinuation-Emergent Signs and Symptoms
Self-report measure for assessing signs and symptoms associated with discontinuation or interruption of SSRI treatment.
Measured: baseline and 6, 9 and 12 months
Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology
A clinican-administered interview assessing the severity of depressive symptoms
Measured: baseline and 6, 9 and 12 months
State/Trait Anxiety Inventory
Self-report measure for assessing both state and trait levels of anxiety
Measured: baseline and 6, 9 and 12 months
Module Suicide Cognitions of the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview
A clinican-administered interview assessing the suicidal cognitions and to specify suicidal risk
Measured: baseline and 6, 9 and 12 months
Mental Health Continuum - short form
Self-report questionnaire that assesses emotional, psychological and social well-being
Measured: baseline and 6, 9 and 12 months
Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire
Self-report measure assessing mindfulness skills
Measured: baseline and 6, 9 and 12 months
Self-Compassion Scale
Self-report measure consisting of 12 items addressing six components: self-kindness, self-judgment, common humanity, isolation, mindfulness and over-identification
Measured: baseline and 6, 9 and 12 months
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted5 Dec 2017
- Study start20 Feb 2017
- Primary completion1 Aug 2019
- Study completion1 Aug 2019
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (2)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for AntidepressantsStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by Radboud University Medical CenterThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Model description
- This study is designed as a cluster-randomized controlled trial conducted in primary care, randomizing General Practitioners over a.) Supported Protocolized Discontinuation (SPD) alone or b.) SPD with additional Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT). Both the patient, GP and the research team will be aware of the allocated condition.
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 119 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Radboud University Medical Center
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Pro Persona Mental Health Care Foundation, Innovatiefonds Zorgverzekeraars
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Anne EM Speckens, prof. dr., Principal investigator, Radboud University Medical Center
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT03361514
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- MFN-ADM-2015-2019
- Other IDs
- NL56937.091.16
- Status last verified
- Jan 2020
- First submitted
- 30 Oct 2017
- Last updated
- 5 Feb 2020
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- Yes: We intend to comply with guidelines for open access as much as possible.
Publications
Huijbers MJ, Wentink C, Lucassen PLBJ, Kramers C, Akkermans R, Spijker J, Speckens AEM. Supporting antidepressant discontinuation using mindfulness plus monitoring versus monitoring alone: A cluster randomized trial in general practice. PLoS One. 2023 Sep 5;18(9):e0290965. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0290965. eCollection 2023.
PubMed 37669281Wentink C, Huijbers MJ, Lucassen P, Kramers C, Akkermans R, Adang E, Spijker J, Speckens AEM. Discontinuation of antidepressant medication in primary care supported by monitoring plus mindfulness-based cognitive therapy versus monitoring alone: design and protocol of a cluster randomized controlled trial. BMC Fam Pract. 2019 Jul 26;20(1):105. doi: 10.1186/s12875-019-0989-5.
PubMed 31349796
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 5 Feb 2020. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Discontinuation of Antidepressant Medication in Primary Care Supported by Monitoring Plus Mindfulness-based Cognitive Therapy Versus Monitoring Alone.
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT03361514
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- MFN-ADM-2015-2019
- Conditions
- Antidepressants
- Keywords
- antidepressants, discontinuation, primary care, MBCT
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 119 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Radboud University Medical CenterUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Pro Persona Mental Health Care Foundation, Innovatiefonds Zorgverzekeraars
- Study start
- 20 Feb 2017 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 1 Aug 2019 (actual)
- Study completion
- 1 Aug 2019 (actual)
- First posted
- 5 Dec 2017 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
To investigate the effectiveness of the combination of Supported Protocolized Discontinuation (SPD) and Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) in comparison with SPD alone in successful discontinuation of long-term use of antidepressants in primary care.
Detailed description
Antidepressant use continues to rise, mainly explained by an increase in the proportion of patients receiving long term treatment. Although treatment guidelines recommend discontinuation after sustained remission, discontinuing antidepressants appears to be challenging for both patients and general practitioners. Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) is an effective intervention that reduces the risk of relapse in recurrent depression and might facilitate discontinuation by teaching patients to cope with withdrawal symptoms and fear of relapse. The current study aims to investigate the effectiveness of the combination of Supported Protocolized Discontinuation (SPD) and MBCT in comparison with SPD alone in successful discontinuation of long-term use of antidepressants in primary care.
Methods/Design This study involves a cluster-randomized controlled trial conducted in primary care patients with long-term use antidepressants with baseline and 6, 9 and 12 months follow-up assessments. Patients choosing to discontinue their medication will be offered a combination of supported protocolized discontinuation (SPD) and MBCT or SPD alone. Our primary outcome will be full discontinuation of antidepressant medication (= 0 mg) within 6 months after baseline assessment. Secondary outcome measures will be the severity of withdrawal symptoms, symptoms of depression and anxiety, psychological well-being, quality of life and medical and societal costs.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 2
- Model description
- This study is designed as a cluster-randomized controlled trial conducted in primary care, randomizing General Practitioners over a.) Supported Protocolized Discontinuation (SPD) alone or b.) SPD with additional Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT). Both the patient, GP and the research team will be aware of the allocated condition.
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Supported Protocolized Discontinuation | Active comparator | Behavioral: Supported Protocolized Discontinuation (SPD)Supported Protocolized Discontinuation (SPD) Patients will receive guidance of their GP and can have supportive meetings with the mental health assistant. |
| SPD + Mindfulness (MBCT) | Experimental | Behavioral: Supported Protocolized Discontinuation (SPD), Behavioral: Mindfulness Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT)In addition to the SPD (as mentioned above) patients are offered Mindfulness Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 years and older
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (1 listed)
- Having received prescriptions for antidepressants in primary care for at least the past nine months
Key exclusion criteria (6 listed)
- Current treatment by a psychiatrist
- Current diagnosis of substance use disorder
- Non-psychiatric indication for long-term antidepressant usage (i.e. neuropathic pain)
- Having participated in a mindfulness training (> 3 sessions) within the last 5 years
- Inability to perform the assessments due to cognitive or language difficulties
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Supported Protocolized Discontinuation (SPD)Patients who choose to discontinue their medication will make a personal tapering schedule with their GP based upon a discontinuation protocol with tapering suggestions. The protocol offers suggestions to taper within a maximum of 6 months describing all types of available dosages per antidepressant so individualized schedules can be constructed. In addition, they will be offered supportive meetings with the GP's mental health assistant. The assistant will receive basic information about discontinuation guidance, i.e. the information brochure, decision aid, discontinuation protocol and a short guideline how to organise consultations. | Behavioural | SPD + Mindfulness (MBCT), Supported Protocolized Discontinuation |
| Mindfulness Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT)In addition to the SPD patients are offered Mindfulness Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) in homogeneous groups of patients willing to withdraw from their medication. MBCT will be offered according to the treatment protocol developed for recurrent depression, adaptated to the specific needs of patients discontinuing their antidepressant medication. The mindfulness courses will be provided by teachers qualifying the advanced criteria of the Association of Mindfulness Based Teachers in the Netherlands and Flanders. All teachers will receive additional training in using the specific study protocol at the start of the project. | Behavioural | SPD + Mindfulness (MBCT) |
Primary outcome
Number of patients who fully discontinued their antidepressant medication after 6 months.
Time frame: 6 months
Our primary outcome will be full discontinuation of antidepressant medication (= 0 mg) within 6 months after baseline assessment. Use of medication will be measured with daily calendars. Patients daily fill out paper calendars describing their daily milligrams of their antidepressant use.
8 secondary outcomes
Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV-TR Disorders
Time frame: baseline and 6, 9 and 12 months
Discontinuation-Emergent Signs and Symptoms
Time frame: baseline and 6, 9 and 12 months
Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology
Time frame: baseline and 6, 9 and 12 months
State/Trait Anxiety Inventory
Time frame: baseline and 6, 9 and 12 months
Module Suicide Cognitions of the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview
Time frame: baseline and 6, 9 and 12 months
Mental Health Continuum - short form
Time frame: baseline and 6, 9 and 12 months
Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire
Time frame: baseline and 6, 9 and 12 months
Self-Compassion Scale
Time frame: baseline and 6, 9 and 12 months
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 5 Feb 2020.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 37669281Huijbers MJ, Wentink C, Lucassen PLBJ, Kramers C, Akkermans R, Spijker J, Speckens AEM. Supporting antidepressant discontinuation using mindfulness plus monitoring versus monitoring alone: A cluster randomized trial in general practice. PLoS One. 2023 Sep 5;18(9):e0290965. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0290965. eCollection 2023.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 31349796Wentink C, Huijbers MJ, Lucassen P, Kramers C, Akkermans R, Adang E, Spijker J, Speckens AEM. Discontinuation of antidepressant medication in primary care supported by monitoring plus mindfulness-based cognitive therapy versus monitoring alone: design and protocol of a cluster randomized controlled trial. BMC Fam Pract. 2019 Jul 26;20(1):105. doi: 10.1186/s12875-019-0989-5.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: Yes. We intend to comply with guidelines for open access as much as possible.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Anne EM Speckens, prof. dr. principal investigator
Radboud University Medical Center
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Supported Protocolized Discontinuation (SPD) and Mindfulness Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) in people with Antidepressants, run by Radboud University Medical Center at 1 site in Netherlands.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 1 inclusion and 6 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 5 Feb 2020. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Netherlands. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Number of patients who fully discontinued their antidepressant medication after 6 months. (time frame: 6 months). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT03361514, which also lists 2 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 5 Feb 2020.