A Pilot Study in Participants With Relapsing Remitting Multiple Sclerosis (RR-MS)

EDSS is an ordinal scale in half-point increments that qualifies disability in participants with Multiple Sclerosis. It assesses the 8 functional systems (visual, brainstem, pyramidal, cerebellar, sensory, bowel/bladder, cerebral and other) as well as ambulation. EDSS overall score ranging from 0 (normal) to 10 (death due to MS).

The Timed 25-Foot Walk is a quantitative measure of lower extremity function. The participants is directed to one end of a clearly marked 25-foot (7.62 m) course and is instructed to walk 25 feet (7.62 meter) as quickly as possible, but safely. The task is immediately administered again by having the participant walk back the same distance. Participants may use assistive devices when doing this task. The test scores were the time in seconds it took to walk the 25 feet. The data for the 25-FWT is reported for the 2 completed trials. Participant wise data was reported for this outcome.

The 9HPT is a brief, standardized, quantitative test of upper extremity function. The participant picks up 9 pegs puts them in a block containing nine empty holes, and, once they are in the holes, removes them again as quickly as possible one at a time. The total time to complete the task is recorded. Two consecutive trials with the dominant hand are immediately followed by two consecutive trials with the non-dominant hand. The data for the 29HPT is reported for the 2 completed trials. Participant wise data was reported for this outcome.

Symbol digit modalities test is to evaluate neurocognitive functions. This measure involves a coding key consisting of 9 abstract symbols, each paired with a number ranging from 1 to 9. The participants is required to scan the key and write down the number corresponding to each symbol as fast as possible. The number of correct substitution within 90 seconds is recorded. In the written version of the test the participants fills in the numbers that correspond to the symbols. The score is the number of correctly coded items from 0-110 in 90 seconds. A higher score indicates better performance. Participant wise data was reported for this outcome.

Visual acuity is measured under low contrast conditions (10% contrast relative to the chart background) at object testing distances of 10 feets and is reported as the number of letters read correctly (ranging from 0 to 10 letters). The lower the number of letters read correctly on the eye chart, the worse the vision (or visual acuity). An increase in the number of letters read correctly indicates that vision has improved. Participant wise data was reported for this outcome.

MFIS is a structured, self-report questionnaire consisting of 21 items assessing the effects of fatigue. All 21 items are scaled 0 to 4, with higher scores indicating a greater impact of fatigue on participant's activities. The Total MFIS score ranges from 0 to 84. A score of 0 indicates fatigue has no impact on activities and the high-end score indicates fatigue has extreme impact on activities. Participant wise data was reported for this outcome.

Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS) is a method of evaluating fatigue in multiple sclerosis and is designed to differentiate fatigue from clinical depression, since both share some of the same symptoms. The Fatigue Severity Scale is a 9-item questionnaire developed to assess the level of fatigue due to neurological disease, were each assessed on a 1-7 scale (1= no fatigue and 7= severe fatigue). The total score was calculated as the average of individual 9-items and ranged from 1 to 7 with a higher value indicating greater impairment due to fatigue. Participant wise data was reported for this outcome.

TMS is an electrophysiological technique that was used to measure neurologic changes associated with recovery from stroke via alterations in the excitability of the motor system. Motor threshold measures reflect global excitability of the corticospinal pathway, including large pyramidal cells, excitatory/inhibitory interneurons, and spinal motor neurons. Long term potentiation can be measured non invasively and painlessly, in awake humans through transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). TMS uses high intensity, brief duration, magnetic fields that, when applied on the scalp, can activate neurons within a small focal region of the cerebral cortex, through electromagnetic induction. Motor Evoked Potentials (MEP) amplitudes elicited by single TMS pulses of increasing intensity (110, 120 and 130% of the Resting Motor Threshold [RMT]) will be measured to calculate recruitment curves of the motor cortex. Participant wise data was reported for this outcome.

Treated participants with immune-metabolic response (glycolysis, mitochondrial respiration, fatty acids oxidation and circulating adipocytokines) of lymphocytes were to be reported.