SchizophreniaTOCASNCT03432000
Links Between Perception of Temporal Order Judgment and Causality in Schizophrenia
A study of Schizophrenia, run by Hôpital le Vinatier at 1 site in France.
Trial summary
People with schizophrenia show disturbances in the perception of time. Among these alterations are the perturbations of the temporal order judgment. They are characterized by the fact that, as opposed to the general population, people with schizophrenia require a longer time interval between two successive stimuli to… Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 45 yearsHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Schizophrenia
- Could I receive a placebo?
- Yes, some participants may receive a placebo
- How many people
- 52 participants
- Where
- 1 siteFrance
- Study dates
- 1 Feb 2018to 24 May 2022
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 45 years
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult
Who may be able to join
- Subjects with schizophrenia:
- Age from 18 to 45 years
- Diagnosis of schizophrenia according to DSM V criteria
- French mother tongue
- Psychotropic treatment unchanged during the month preceding the inclusion
- Stable symptomatology
Show all 12Show fewer
- Normal or corrected visual acuity (> 0.8 at Snellen scale) and normal color vision
- Patients who gave informed consent to participate in the study
- Control subjects (healthy volunteers):
- Age from 18 to 45 years
- Absence of neurological and psychiatric disorders
- French mother tongue
Who cannot join
- Recent addiction and abuse of cannabis or any other substance (according to DSM V criteria)
- Neurological disorders of vascular, infectious or neurodegenerative origin
- Taking somatic drugs with a cerebral or mental impact (eg corticosteroids)
- Disabling sensory disturbances, and in particular visual acuity
- Participation in a Neuro Cognitive Remediation Program
- Schizophrenia resistant to neuroleptic treatments
- Persons protected by law (pregnant women, minors, major under guardianship ...)
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
Official title: Study of the Links Between Perception of Temporal Order Judgment and Causality in Schizophrenic Spectrum Disorders
People with schizophrenia show disturbances in the perception of time. Among these alterations are the perturbations of the temporal order judgment. They are characterized by the fact that, as opposed to the general population, people with schizophrenia require a longer time interval between two successive stimuli to estimate which of the two events appeared first. If these alterations are now well documented, their consequences remain little explored. Among these consequences could however appear distortions of the judgment of causality (likely to underlie certain delusional interpretations) as well as a distressing experience of loss of the continuity of the lived experience (that could contribute to the alterations basic of self-awareness).
Read the detailed description
The objective of our work lies in the study of the links between temporal sequencing, subjective perception of time and causality.
To carry out this work, the investigators will rely on an experimental paradigm (derived from Michotte's paradigm) which makes it possible to explore the links between temporal sequencing and perception of causality, validated in the normal subject. subjective consequences of these alterations will be explored using a phenomenological-inspired clinical scale (EAWE time-scale items)
- Conditions
- Schizophrenia
- Being tested
- Performances of patients and controls on temporal task
- Medical subject headings
- Schizophrenia
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Performances of patients and controls on temporal taskOther
To carry out this work, we will rely on an experimental paradigm (derived from Michotte's paradigm) which makes it possible to explore the links between temporal sequencing and perception of causality, validated in the normal subject. subjective consequences of these alterations will be explored using a phenomenological-inspired clinical scale (EAWE time-scale items)
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| subjects with schizophrenia | Experimental | Performances on temporal task Subjective alterations of time perception in patients with an adapted scale (EAWE) Global symptomatology with PANSS (positive and negative symptom scale) Receives: Other: Performances of patients and controls on temporal task |
| healthy subjects | Sham comparator | Evaluate the links (correlation) between perception of temporal sequencing and perception of causality using an adapted experimental paradigm (Michotte paradigm) and to compare performance between healthy subjects and controls Investigate the existence of a correlation between these alterations and the peculiarities of the subjective experience of time (EAWE scale) in the group of subjects with schizophrenia Receives: Other: Performances of patients and controls on temporal task |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Comparison of the scores obtained by subjects with schizophrenia vs. the controls for the causal tasks, according to the delays between stimuli (stopping the moving launcher and appearance of the static object).
Michotte paradigm: evaluate the links (correlation) between perception of temporal sequencing and perception of causality using an adapted experimental paradigm
Measured: eight months
Secondary outcomes (1)
Comparisons of the scores obtained on the Time Experiment Rating Examination of Anomalous World Experience Scale (EAWE).
Examination of Anomalous World Experience (EAWE ) scale:investigate the existence of a correlation between these alterations and the peculiarities of the subjective experience of time The E.A.W.E. consists of 6 dimensions (relation to space / relation to time / relation to others / language / atmospheric experience / existential orientation).The second domain only will be explored in our study Each item is both detailed, on a scale of 0 to 2 (0 for absent, 1 for present but with doubt, 2 for present, no doubt). The overall score of the sub-time scale thus ranges between 0 and 78.
Measured: eight months
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted13 Feb 2018
- Study start1 Feb 2018
- Primary completion24 May 2022
- Study completion24 May 2022
Why it stopped: Investigator departure
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for SchizophreniaStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Other
- Allocation
- Non-randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Model description
- This study consists in: * evaluate the links (correlation) between perception of temporal sequencing and perception of causality using an adapted experimental paradigm (Michotte paradigm) and to compare performance between healthy subjects and controls * investigate the existence of a correlation between these alterations and the peculiarities of the subjective experience of time (EAWE scale) in the group of subjects with schizophrenia The measures that will be realized are: * Performances of patients and controls on temporal task * Subjective alterations of time perception in patients with an adapted scale (EAWE) * Global symptomatology with PANSS (positive and negative symptom scale)
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 52 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Hôpital le Vinatier
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- MARTIN BRICE, Principal investigator, CH LE VINATIER
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT03432000
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 2017-A03019-44
- Acronym
- TOCAS
- Status last verified
- Jul 2025
- First submitted
- 7 Feb 2018
- Last updated
- 1 Aug 2025
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 1 Aug 2025. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Study of the Links Between Perception of Temporal Order Judgment and Causality in Schizophrenic Spectrum Disorders
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT03432000
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- TOCAS / 2017-A03019-44
- Conditions
- Schizophrenia
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- TerminatedReason stopped: Investigator departure
- Enrolment
- 52 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Hôpital le VinatierUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 1 Feb 2018 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 24 May 2022 (actual)
- Study completion
- 24 May 2022 (actual)
- First posted
- 13 Feb 2018 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
People with schizophrenia show disturbances in the perception of time. Among these alterations are the perturbations of the temporal order judgment. They are characterized by the fact that, as opposed to the general population, people with schizophrenia require a longer time interval between two successive stimuli to estimate which of the two events appeared first. If these alterations are now well documented, their consequences remain little explored. Among these consequences could however appear distortions of the judgment of causality (likely to underlie certain delusional interpretations) as well as a distressing experience of loss of the continuity of the lived experience (that could contribute to the alterations basic of self-awareness).
Detailed description
The objective of our work lies in the study of the links between temporal sequencing, subjective perception of time and causality.
To carry out this work, the investigators will rely on an experimental paradigm (derived from Michotte's paradigm) which makes it possible to explore the links between temporal sequencing and perception of causality, validated in the normal subject. subjective consequences of these alterations will be explored using a phenomenological-inspired clinical scale (EAWE time-scale items)
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Other
- Allocation
- Non-randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 2
- Model description
- This study consists in: * evaluate the links (correlation) between perception of temporal sequencing and perception of causality using an adapted experimental paradigm (Michotte paradigm) and to compare performance between healthy subjects and controls * investigate the existence of a correlation between these alterations and the peculiarities of the subjective experience of time (EAWE scale) in the group of subjects with schizophrenia The measures that will be realized are: * Performances of patients and controls on temporal task * Subjective alterations of time perception in patients with an adapted scale (EAWE) * Global symptomatology with PANSS (positive and negative symptom scale)
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| subjects with schizophrenia | Experimental | Other: Performances of patients and controls on temporal taskPerformances on temporal task Subjective alterations of time perception in patients with an adapted scale (EAWE) Global symptomatology with PANSS (positive and negative symptom scale) |
| healthy subjects | Sham comparator | Other: Performances of patients and controls on temporal taskEvaluate the links (correlation) between perception of temporal sequencing and perception of causality using an adapted experimental paradigm (Michotte paradigm) and to compare performance between healthy subjects and controls Investigate the existence of a correlation between these alterations and the peculiarities of the subjective experience of time (EAWE scale) in the group of subjects with schizophrenia |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 45 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult
Key inclusion criteria (12 listed)
- Age from 18 to 45 years
- Diagnosis of schizophrenia according to DSM V criteria
- French mother tongue
- Psychotropic treatment unchanged during the month preceding the inclusion
- Stable symptomatology
Key exclusion criteria (7 listed)
- Recent addiction and abuse of cannabis or any other substance (according to DSM V criteria)
- Neurological disorders of vascular, infectious or neurodegenerative origin
- Taking somatic drugs with a cerebral or mental impact (eg corticosteroids)
- Disabling sensory disturbances, and in particular visual acuity
- Participation in a Neuro Cognitive Remediation Program
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Performances of patients and controls on temporal taskTo carry out this work, we will rely on an experimental paradigm (derived from Michotte's paradigm) which makes it possible to explore the links between temporal sequencing and perception of causality, validated in the normal subject. subjective consequences of these alterations will be explored using a phenomenological-inspired clinical scale (EAWE time-scale items) | Other | healthy subjects, subjects with schizophrenia |
Primary outcome
Comparison of the scores obtained by subjects with schizophrenia vs. the controls for the causal tasks, according to the delays between stimuli (stopping the moving launcher and appearance of the static object).
Time frame: eight months
Michotte paradigm: evaluate the links (correlation) between perception of temporal sequencing and perception of causality using an adapted experimental paradigm
1 secondary outcome
Comparisons of the scores obtained on the Time Experiment Rating Examination of Anomalous World Experience Scale (EAWE).
Time frame: eight months
Results and safety
The study was stopped early (reason given: Investigator departure). Results are not available in the source record.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 1 Aug 2025.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
MARTIN BRICE principal investigator
CH LE VINATIER
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study of Schizophrenia, run by Hôpital le Vinatier at 1 site in France.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 12 inclusion and 7 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: stopped early, as of the sponsor's last update on 1 Aug 2025. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in France. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. Some participants in this study may receive a placebo. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study was stopped early (reason given: Investigator departure). Results are not available in the source record.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Comparison of the scores obtained by subjects with schizophrenia vs. the controls for the causal tasks, according to the delays between stimuli (stopping the moving launcher and appearance of the static object). (time frame: eight months). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 1 Aug 2025.