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Relapsed/Refractory RhabdomyosarcomaPhase 2NCT03441360

Study to Assess Safety and Preliminary Activity of Eribulin Mesylate in Pediatric Participants With Relapsed/Refractory Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS), Non-rhabdomyosarcoma Soft Tissue Sarcoma (NRSTS) and Ewing Sarcoma (EWS)

A Phase 2 study testing Eribulin mesylate in people with Relapsed/Refractory Rhabdomyosarcoma and Non-rhabdomyosarcoma Soft Tissue Sarcoma, run by Eisai Inc. at 41 sites in United States.

Completed

Finished. The study has ended and is not enrolling. Results may be posted on the official record.

Official record
Search all trials

Trial summary

This study will be conducted as an assessment of the safety and preliminary activity of eribulin mesylate in pediatric participants with relapsed/refractory rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS), non-rhabdomyosarcoma soft tissue sarcoma (NRSTS), or Ewing sarcoma (EWS) to determine whether each cohort warrants further investigation. Read more about this study

Who is it for?
Ages 12 months to 18 years
What is being tested?
Eribulin mesylate
Type of treatment
Injection or infusion
Could I receive a placebo?
No, everyone receives an active treatment
How many people
23 participants
Where
41 sitesUnited States
Study dates
17 Apr 2018to 21 Jan 2022
Phase
Phase 2
Are there results?
Yes, posted in the registrySummary in the doctors' view

Key requirements

Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.

  • Ages 12 months to 18 years
  • All sexes
  • No healthy volunteers
  • Child, Adult

Who may be able to join

  • Age: ≥12 months to <18 years old at the time of informed consent
  • Diagnosis: Histologically confirmed rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS), non-rhabdomyosarcoma soft tissue sarcoma (NRSTS) (Grade 2 or 3), or Ewing sarcoma (EWS) which is relapsed or refractory (failed front line therapy)
  • The presence of measurable disease meeting the following criteria:
  • At least 1 lesion of ≥1.0 centimeter (cm) in the longest diameter for a non-lymph node or ≥1.5 cm in the short-axis diameter for a lymph node that is serially measurable according to Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors (RECIST) 1.1 using computerized tomography/magnetic resonance imaging (CT/MRI).
  • Lesions that have had radiotherapy must show subsequent radiographic evidence of increase in size by at least 20% to be deemed a target lesion.
  • Therapeutic options: Participant's current disease state must be one for which there is no known curative therapy or therapy proven to prolong survival with an acceptable quality of life.
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  • Performance level: Performance score ≥50%. Karnofsky (for participants >16 years of age) or Lansky (for participants ≤16 years of age). Participants who are unable to walk because of paralysis and/or previous surgeries, but who are in a wheelchair, will be considered ambulatory for the purpose of assessing performance score.
  • Participants must have fully recovered from the acute toxic effects of all prior anticancer therapy and must meet the following minimum duration from prior anticancer directed therapy prior to study drug administration. If, after the required time frame, the numerical eligibility criteria are met, eg, blood count criteria, the participant is considered to have recovered adequately:
  • Cytotoxic chemotherapy or other chemotherapy known to be myelosuppressive: ≥21 days after the last dose of cytotoxic or myelosuppressive chemotherapy (42 days if prior nitrosourea).
  • Anticancer agents not known to be myelosuppressive (eg, not associated with reduced platelet or absolute neutrophil count [ANC] counts): ≥7 days after the last dose of agent.
  • Monoclonal antibodies ≥ 3 half-lives must have elapsed from infusion of last dose of antibody (including checkpoint inhibitors), and toxicity related to prior antibody therapy must be recovered to Grade ≤1.
  • Hematopoietic growth factors: ≥14 days after the last dose of a long-acting growth factor (eg, Neulasta) or 7 days for a short-acting growth factor. For agents that have known adverse events (AEs) occurring beyond 7 days after administration, this period must be extended beyond the time during which AEs are known to occur. The duration of this interval must be discussed with the sponsor.
  • Interleukins, interferons, and cytokines (other than hematopoietic growth factors): ≥21 days after the completion of interleukins, interferons, or cytokines (other than hematopoietic growth factors)
  • Stem cell infusions (with or without total body irradiation [TBI]): ≥84 days
  • Allogeneic (non-autologous) bone marrow or stem cell transplant, or any stem cell infusion including donor lymphocyte infusion or boost infusion: ≥84 days after infusion and no evidence of graft versus host disease (GVHD)
  • Autologous stem cell infusion including boost infusion: ≥42 days
  • Cellular therapy: ≥42 days after the completion of any type of cellular therapy (eg, modified T-cells, natural killer cells, dendritic cells, etc)
  • Radiation therapy (XRT)/External Beam Irradiation including Protons: ≥14 days after local XRT; ≥150 days after TBI, craniospinal XRT or if radiation to ≥50% of the pelvis; ≥42 days if other substantial BM radiation
  • Radiopharmaceutical therapy (eg, radiolabeled antibody, 131I-metaiodobenzylguanidine): ≥42 days after systemically administered radiopharmaceutical therapy.
  • Adequate bone marrow function, defined as:
  • ANC ≥1.0 × 10^9/Liter (L)
  • Platelet count ≥100 × 10^9/L (transfusion independent, defined as not receiving platelet transfusions within a 7-day period prior to study drug administration)
  • Hemoglobin at least 8.0 grams per deciliter (g/dL) at Baseline (blood transfusions are allowed during the screening period to correct hemoglobin values less than 8.0 g/dL) Note: As blood transfusions are permitted to meet the hemoglobin criteria, participants requiring transfusion must not be known to be refractory to red blood cell or platelet transfusions.
  • Adequate renal function, defined as:
  • A serum creatinine based on age/gender, derived from the Schwartz formula for estimating glomerular filtration rate (GFR)
  • Or creatinine clearance or GFR ≥50 milliliters per minute (mL/min)/1.73 meters squared (m^2) based on a 12 or 24 hour urine creatinine collection
  • Adequate liver function, defined as:
  • Bilirubin (sum of conjugated + unconjugated) ≤1.5 × upper limit of normal (ULN) for age
  • Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) ≤110 units per Liter (U/L). For the purpose of this study, the ULN for ALT is 45 U/L
  • Serum albumin ≥2 g/dL
  • Informed consent: All participants and/or their parents or legally authorized representatives must sign a written informed consent. Assent, when appropriate, will be obtained according to institutional guidelines. Participants must be willing to comply with all aspects of the protocol.

Who cannot join

  • Pregnancy, breastfeeding, contraception: Females who are breastfeeding or pregnant at Screening or Baseline (as documented by a positive beta-human chorionic [β-hCG] or human chorionic gonadotropin [hCG] test with a minimum sensitivity of 25 International Units per Liter [IU/L] or equivalent units of β-hCG [or hCG]). A separate baseline assessment is required if a negative screening pregnancy test was obtained more than 72 hours before the first dose of study drug.
  • Females of childbearing potential (all post pubertal females will be considered to be of childbearing potential unless they have early menopause [amenorrheic for at least 12 consecutive months, in the appropriate age group, and without other known or suspected cause] or have been sterilized surgically [ie, bilateral tubal ligation, total hysterectomy, or bilateral oophorectomy, all with surgery at least 1 month before dosing]) who:
  • Do not agree to use a highly effective method of contraception for the entire study period and for 6 months after study drug discontinuation, ie:
  • Total abstinence (if it is their preferred and usual lifestyle);
  • An intrauterine device (IUD) or intrauterine system (IUS);
  • A contraceptive implant;
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  • An oral contraceptive (must be on a stable dose of the same oral hormonal contraceptive product for at least 4 weeks before dosing with study drug and for the duration of the study and for 6 months after study drug discontinuation); or
  • Do not have a vasectomized partner with confirmed azoospermia.
  • For sites outside of the European Union (EU), it is permissible that if a highly effective method of contraception is not appropriate or acceptable to the participant, or the participant has commenced/adjusted/changed oral hormonal contraceptive product/dose within 4 weeks prior to study drug administration, then the participant must agree to use a medically acceptable method of contraception, ie, double barrier methods of contraception such as condoms plus diaphragm or cervical/vault cap with spermicide.
  • Males who have not had a successful vasectomy (confirmed azoospermia) or if they and their female partners do not meet the criteria above (ie, not of childbearing potential or practicing highly effective contraception throughout the study period or for 3 months after study drug discontinuation). No sperm donation is allowed during the study period or for 3 months after study drug discontinuation.
  • Concomitant medications:
  • Corticosteroids: Participants receiving corticosteroids who have not been on a stable or decreasing dose of corticosteroid for at least 7 days prior to study drug administration (except when indicated for Central Nervous System [CNS] metastases, then participants must not have received corticosteroids for at least 28 days)
  • Anticancer Agents: participants who are currently receiving other anticancer agents
  • Anti-GVHD agents Post-transplant: Participants who are receiving cyclosporine, tacrolimus or other agents to prevent graft-versus-host disease post bone marrow transplant
  • Strong CYP3A4 inducers/inhibitors
  • Received prior therapy with eribulin mesylate
  • Any other malignancy that required treatment (except for non-melanoma skin cancer, or histologically confirmed complete excision of carcinoma in situ), within 2 years prior to study drug administration
  • Has hypersensitivity to eribulin or any of the excipients
  • Has a prior history of viral hepatitis (B or C) as demonstrated by positive serology (presence of antigens) or have an uncontrolled infection requiring treatment. Participants with a known prior history of hepatitis B or C may be eligible pending agreement with the sponsor.
  • Has > Grade 1 peripheral sensory neuropathy or > Grade 1 peripheral motor neuropathy graded according to the Modified ("Balis") Pediatric Scale of Peripheral Neuropathies
  • Has cardiac pathology: Participants with known congestive heart failure, symptomatic or left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction <50% or shortening fraction <27%
  • Participants with congenital long QT syndrome, bradyarrhythmias, or QTc >480 millisecond (msec) on at least 2 separate electrocardiograms (ECGs).
  • Has CNS Disease: Participants with brain or subdural metastases are not eligible unless the metastases are asymptomatic and do not require treatment or have been adequately treated by local therapy (eg, surgery or radiotherapy) and have discontinued the use of corticosteroids for this indication for at least 4 weeks prior to study drug administration. Confirmation of radiographic stability must be done by comparing the brain scan (CT or MRI) performed during the Screening Period, using the same imaging modality, to a brain scan performed earlier (and following local therapy where applicable). Participants must be clinically stable. It is not the intention of this protocol to treat participants with active brain metastases.
  • Note: CNS imaging is required to confirm eligibility for participants with a known history of CNS disease.
  • Have had or are planning to have the following invasive procedures:
  • Major surgical procedure or significant traumatic injury within 28 days prior to study drug administration
  • Laparoscopic procedure or open biopsy within 7 days prior to study drug administration
  • Central line placement or subcutaneous port placement is not considered major surgery but must be placed at least 2 days prior to study drug administration
  • Core biopsy, including bone marrow biopsy, within 2 days prior to study drug administration
  • Fine needle aspirate within 3 days prior to study drug administration
  • Has any serious concomitant illness that in the opinion of the investigator(s) could affect the participant's safety or interfere with the study assessments
  • Participants with known human immunodeficiency virus (HIV); due to lack of available safety data for eribulin therapy in HIV-infected participants

Trial locations and contacts

41 sites in 1 country.

41 sites in 1 country

United States41 sites

  • Children's Hospital Medical Center of Akron

    Akron, Ohio, 44308

  • CS Mott Children's Hospital

    Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109

  • Children's Healthcare of Atlanta

    Atlanta, Georgia, 30322

  • Johns Hopkins University

    Baltimore, Maryland, 21287

  • University of Alabama at Birmingham

    Birmingham, Alabama, 35233

  • Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago

    Chicago, Illinois, 60611

  • Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center

    Cincinnati, Ohio, 45229

  • Nationwide Children's Hospital

    Columbus, Ohio, 43205

  • Children's Medical Center

    Dallas, Texas, 75235

  • Geisinger Medical Center

    Danville, Pennsylvania, 17822

  • Blank Children's Hospital

    Des Moines, Iowa, 50309

  • Cook Children's Medical Center

    Fort Worth, Texas, 76104

  • Hackensack University Medical Center

    Hackensack, New Jersey, 07601

  • Connecticut Children's Medical Center

    Hartford, Connecticut, 06106

  • Penn State Health Hershey Medical Center

    Hershey, Pennsylvania, 17033

  • Riley Hospital for Children - Indiana University

    Indianapolis, Indiana, 46202

  • University of Mississippi Medical Center

    Jackson, Mississippi, 39216

  • Nemours Children's Clinic

    Jacksonville, Florida, 32207

  • Children's Mercy Hospital and Clinics

    Kansas City, Missouri, 64108

  • Loma Linda University Cancer Center

    Loma Linda, California, 92350

  • Children's Hospital Los Angeles

    Los Angeles, California, 90027

  • Southern California Permanente Medical Group

    Los Angeles, California, 90027

  • Norton Children's Hospital

    Louisville, Kentucky, 40202

  • Children's Hospital of Wisconsin

    Milwaukee, Wisconsin, 53226

  • Children's Hospitals and Clinics of Minnesota

    Minneapolis, Minnesota, 55404

  • University of Minnesota

    Minneapolis, Minnesota, 55455

  • Vanderbilt Ingram Cancer Center

    Nashville, Tennessee, 37232

  • Rutgers cancer Institute of NJ

    New Brunswick, New Jersey, 08853

  • Columbia University Medical Center

    New York, New York, 10032

  • Children's Hosptial of The King's Daughters

    Norfolk, Virginia, 23507

  • Children's Hospital of Orange County

    Orange, California, 92868

  • Children's Hospital of Philadelphia

    Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104

  • Phoenix Children's Hospital

    Phoenix, Arizona, 85016

  • Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC

    Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15224

  • Randall Children's Hospital at Legacy Emanuel

    Portland, Oregon, 97227

  • Methodist Children's Hospital of South Texas

    San Antonio, Texas, 78229

  • Rady Children's Hospital- San Diego

    San Diego, California, 92123

  • Seattle Children's

    Seattle, Washington, 98105

  • Providence Sacred Heart Medical Center and Children's Hospital

    Spokane, Washington, 99204

  • Children's National Medical Center

    Washington D.C., District of Columbia, 20010

  • Nemours / A.I. duPont Hospital for Children

    Wilmington, Delaware, 19803

Other trials in United States

About this study

Official title: A Phase 2, Multicenter, Open-label Study to Assess Safety and Preliminary Activity of Eribulin Mesylate in Pediatric Subjects With Relapsed/Refractory Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS), Non-rhabdomyosarcoma Soft Tissue Sarcoma (NRSTS) and Ewing Sarcoma (EWS)

This study will be conducted as an assessment of the safety and preliminary activity of eribulin mesylate in pediatric participants with relapsed/refractory rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS), non-rhabdomyosarcoma soft tissue sarcoma (NRSTS), or Ewing sarcoma (EWS) to determine whether each cohort warrants further investigation.

Being tested
Eribulin mesylate
Keywords
eribulin mesylate, pediatric
Medical subject headings
Rhabdomyosarcoma, Sarcoma, Sarcoma, Ewing

What participants receive

What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.

  • Eribulin mesylateDrug

    Intravenous infusion

Study groups in NCT03441360
Study groupRoleWhat they receive
Eribulin mesylate 1.4 mg/m^2: RMSExperimentalPediatric participants with relapsed/refractory rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) will receive eribulin mesylate administered as an intravenous (IV) infusion on Days 1 and 8 of each 21-day cycle at a dose of 1.4 milligrams per meters squared (mg/m^2). Participants will continue study therapy until progression of disease (per Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors [RECIST] 1.1), intolerable toxicity, or withdrawal of consent.
Receives: Drug: Eribulin mesylate
Eribulin mesylate 1.4 mg/m^2: NRSTSExperimentalPediatric participants with non-rhabdomyosarcoma soft tissue sarcoma (NRSTS) will receive eribulin mesylate administered as an IV infusion on Days 1 and 8 of each 21-day cycle at a dose of 1.4 mg/m^2. Participants will continue study therapy until progression of disease (per RECIST 1.1), intolerable toxicity, or withdrawal of consent.
Receives: Drug: Eribulin mesylate
Eribulin mesylate 1.4 mg/m^2: EWSExperimentalPediatric participants with Ewing sarcoma (EWS) will receive eribulin mesylate administered as an IV infusion on Days 1 and 8 of each 21-day cycle at a dose of 1.4 mg/m^2. Participants will continue study therapy until progression of disease (per RECIST 1.1), intolerable toxicity, or withdrawal of consent.
Receives: Drug: Eribulin mesylate

What is being measured

The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.

  1. Percentage of Participants With Objective Response

    Percentage of participants achieving a best objective response of partial response (PR) or complete response (CR) per RECIST 1.1, by up to 24 weeks after all participants have completed response assessment. Response assessment was determined by investigator. CR was defined as the disappearance of all target lesions. Any pathological lymph nodes (whether target or non-target) must had reduction in the short axis to less than (<) 10 millimeters (mm). PR was defined as at least a 30 percent (%) decrease in the sum of diameters of target lesions, taking as reference the baseline sum diameters.

    Measured: From date of randomization up to first documentation of disease progression (PD) or date of death, whichever occurred first (approximately 32 months)

Secondary outcomes (9)

  1. Progression-free Survival (PFS)

    PFS was defined as the time from the first dose date to the date of PD or date of death (whichever occurred first). PD was defined as at least a 20% increase in the sum of diameters of target lesions, taking as reference the smallest sum on study (this included the baseline sum if that was the smallest on study). In addition to the relative increase of 20%, the sum must also demonstrate an absolute increase of at least 5 mm. (Note: the appearance of one or more new lesions was also considered progression). Data for this secondary endpoint was collected and analyzed up to the primary completion date (PCD). As there was no further data collected, therefore data is reported till PCD only.

    Measured: From the time from the first dose date to the date of disease progression (PD) or date of death, whichever occurred first (up to approximately 32 months)

  2. Number of Participants With Any Treatment-emergent Adverse Events (AEs) and Serious Adverse Events (SAEs)

    An AE was any untoward medical occurrence in participant administered with an investigational product. An SAE was any untoward medical occurrence that at any dose: resulted in death; life threatening; requires participant hospitalization or prolongation of existing hospitalization; resulted in persistent or significant disability/incapacity; was a congenital anomaly/birth defect (in the child of a participant who was exposed to the study drug). A treatment-emergent adverse event (TEAE) was defined as an AE that emerges during treatment, having been absent at pretreatment (Baseline) or (1) reemerges during treatment, having been present at pretreatment (Baseline) but stopped before treatment, or (2) worsens in severity during treatment relative to the pretreatment state, when the AE is continuous.

    Measured: From date of administration of first dose up to 28 days after the last dose, or until resolution, whichever came first (up to approximately 45 months)

  3. Number of Participants With a Shift From Baseline to Worst Post-Baseline Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) Grade in Laboratory Value

    Laboratory results were graded using CTCAE Version 4.03. As per CTCAE, Grade 1 scales as Mild; Grade 2 scales as Moderate; Grade 3 scales as severe or medically significant but not immediately life threatening; Grade 4 scales as life-threatening consequences. Data for this secondary endpoint was collected and analyzed up to the PCD. As there was no further data collected, therefore data is reported till PCD only.

    Measured: From first dose of study drug up to approximately 32 months

  4. Number of Participants With Clinically Significant Change From Baseline in Electrocardiogram (ECG) Values

    Data for this secondary endpoint was collected and analyzed up to the PCD. As there was no further data collected, therefore data is reported till PCD only.

    Measured: From first dose of study drug up to approximately 32 months

  5. Number of Participants With Clinically Significant Change From Baseline in Vital Signs Values

    Data for this secondary endpoint was collected and analyzed up to the PCD. As there was no further data collected, therefore data is reported till PCD only.

    Measured: From first dose of study drug up to approximately 32 months

  6. Number of Participants With Shift From Baseline to Worst Post-baseline for Lansky Play-performance Scale

    Reduced activities of daily living was assessed using the Lansky Play Performance Scale, where 100=fully active; 90=minor restrictions in strenuous physical activity; 80=active, gets tired more quickly; 70=greater restriction of play, less time spent in play activity; 60=up and around, active play minimal; quieter activities; 50=lying around much of the day; no active playing, all quiet play and activities; 40=mainly in bed; quiet activities; 30=bedbound; needs assistance even for quiet play; 20=sleeps often; play limited to very passive activities; 10=doesn't play or get out of bed; 5=unresponsive 0=dead. Data for this secondary endpoint was collected and analyzed up to the PCD. As there was no further data collected, therefore data is reported till PCD only.

    Measured: Baseline up to approximately 32 months

  7. Number of Participants With Shift From Baseline to Worst Post-baseline for Karnofsky Performance Status Scores

    Karnofsky performance status assessed as best and worst score change from baseline using Karnofsky performance criteria.Score classified participants based on functional impairment. Ranges from 0-100, lower score, worst survival for most serious illnesses, 100=normal;no complaints;no evidence of disease;90=able to carry on normal activity with effort,minor sign or symptoms of disease;80=normal activity with effort;some sign or symptoms of disease;70= cares for self;unable to carry on normal activity or do active work;60=requires occasional assistance,but able to care for most personal needs;50=requires considerable assistance;frequent medical care;40=disabled;requires special care; assistance;30=severely disabled;hospitalization indicated,although death is not imminent;20=very sick;hospitalization; 10=moribund;fatal processes progressively worsening;0=dead.Data for this endpoint was collected;analyzed up to PCD. As no further data collected, therefore data is reported till PCD only.

    Measured: Baseline up to approximately 32 months

  8. Duration of Response (DOR)

    DOR was defined as the time from the first date of documented PR or CR to the date of disease progression or date of death (whichever occurred first). CR was defined as the disappearance of all target lesions. Any pathological lymph nodes (whether target or non-target) must had reduction in the short axis to <10 mm. PR was defined as at least a 30% decrease in the sum of diameters of target lesions, taking as reference the baseline sum diameters. PD was defined as at least a 20% increase in the sum of diameters of target lesions, taking as reference the smallest sum on study (this included the baseline sum if that was the smallest on study). Data for this secondary endpoint was collected and analyzed up to the PCD. As there was no further data collected, therefore data is reported till PCD only.

    Measured: From day of first documentation of PR or CR to the day of disease progression or death (up to approximately 32 months)

  9. Overall Survival (OS)

    OS was defined as the time from the first dose date to the date of death.

    Measured: From the day of first dose to the day of death, up to approximately 45 months

Timeline

From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.

  1. First posted22 Feb 2018
  2. Study start17 Apr 2018
  3. Primary completion7 Jan 2021
  4. Study completion21 Jan 2022

Resources

More details

For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.

Study design
Study type
Interventional
Phase
Phase 2
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Non-randomised
Intervention model
Parallel groups
Masking
None (open label)
Enrolment
23 participants (actual)
IDs, dates and publications
ClinicalTrials.gov ID
NCT03441360
Sponsor's protocol ID
E7389-G000-223
Status last verified
Jan 2022
First submitted
15 Feb 2018
Last updated
5 Oct 2022
Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
Yes
FDA-regulated device
No

Questions about this trial

What is this clinical trial studying?

A Phase 2 study testing Eribulin mesylate in people with Relapsed/Refractory Rhabdomyosarcoma and Non-rhabdomyosarcoma Soft Tissue Sarcoma, run by Eisai Inc. at 41 sites in United States.

The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.

Who may be eligible to take part?

The sponsor lists 31 inclusion and 32 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.

Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?

The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 5 Oct 2022. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.

Where is the study taking place?

The record lists 41 sites in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.

What are the possible benefits and risks?

They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.

What does this phase mean?

Phase 2 studies give the treatment to a larger group to see whether it has the intended effect and to keep checking safety.

Not every study follows the same path, and some studies (observational studies, device studies) have no phase.

Are results available for this study?

Yes. Results are posted in the registry (first posted 28 Jan 2022). A summary is in the For doctors view, and the full results are on ClinicalTrials.gov.

How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?

The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.

What does the primary outcome measure?

Percentage of Participants With Objective Response (time frame: From date of randomization up to first documentation of disease progression (PD) or date of death, whichever occurred first (approximately 32 months)). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.

Where can I read the original study information?

On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT03441360.

Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?

No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.

How often is this information updated?

AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 5 Oct 2022.

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