HypophosphatemiaGAPNCT03489993
FGF23 and Angiotensin-(1-7) in Hypophosphatemia (GAP)
An observational study of Hypophosphatemia and X-linked Hypophosphatemia, run by Wake Forest University Health Sciences at 1 site in United States.
Trial summary
Hereditary hypophosphatemia encompasses rare genetic conditions characterized by renal phosphate wasting. Increased circulating levels of fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23), a key regulator of phosphorus metabolism, are critical to the pathophysiology of these diseases, most notably in X-linked hypophosphatemia… Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 2 to 24 years
- Conditions the study is for
- Hypophosphatemia, X-linked Hypophosphatemia, Renin-angiotensin System
- What is being tested?
- Ang II and Ang-(1-7) and FGF23 and klotho
- How many people
- 8 participants
- Where
- 1 siteUnited States
- Study dates
- 6 Dec 2018to 23 Dec 2020
- Phase
- Observational
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 2 to 24 years
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Child, Adult
Study population: Subjects with hereditary FGF23-related hypophosphatemia will be recruited from the tertiary care Pediatric Endocrinology and Pediatric Nephrology clinics at Brenner Children's Hospital.
Who may be able to join
- Confirmed diagnosis of hereditary FGF23-related hypophosphatemia
Who cannot join
- Acquired FGF23-related hypophosphatemia
- Age less than 2 years
- Age more than 24 years
- Inability to provide urine sample
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
United States1 site
Wake Forest University Health Sciences
Winston-Salem, North Carolina, 27157
About this study
Official title: Interplay of FGF23 and Angiotensin-(1-7) in Hypophosphatemia (GAP)
Hereditary hypophosphatemia encompasses rare genetic conditions characterized by renal phosphate wasting. Increased circulating levels of fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23), a key regulator of phosphorus metabolism, are critical to the pathophysiology of these diseases, most notably in X-linked hypophosphatemia (XLH). Increased FGF23 induces hypertrophy and scarring in the heart in part via stimulating the traditional renin-angiotensin system (RAS) pathway, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)/angiotensin (Ang ll), particularly in patients with chronic kidney disease, but the effect of FGF23 on the heart in patients with FGF23-related hypophosphatemic diseases is unknown. In addition, the relationship between FGF23 and the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2)/angiotensin-(1-7) (Ang-(1-7) pathway of the RAS is unknown.
The objective of this study is to describe the relationship between FGF23, which causes low phosphorus levels, and components of the RAS in the blood and urine to help the investigators understand why the disease occurs and how to better treat it.
Read more
Subjects will be identified by querying the Electronic Medical Record according to medical diagnosis. Thirty subjects, 2-24 years of age, will be recruited from the tertiary care Pediatric Endocrinology and Pediatric Nephrology clinics at Brenner Children's Hospital. Inclusion criteria include a confirmed diagnosis of hereditary FGF23-related hypophosphatemia. Clinical data will be obtained from the Electronic Medical Record. Each subject will undergo study assessments at baseline, 6 months and 1 year that include blood work, an echocardiogram, and blood pressure measurements.
The primary hypothesis is that subjects with higher Ang-(1-7) levels have lower rates of cardiac hypertrophy and thus are protected against high FGF23 levels. The secondary hypothesis is that subjects with higher Ang-(1-7) levels have lower systolic blood pressure.
Read the detailed description
Clinical data will be collected from the Electronic Medical Record, including age, sex, parent-reported race, past medical and family histories, and current medications. The investigators will calculate body mass index and define overweight/obesity as a body mass index ≥85% percentile for age and sex. The investigators will calculate the estimated glomerular filtration rate to measure renal function based on serum creatinine standardized to age, sex, and height.
Blood (less than 5 mL) and urine samples will be collected at each study visit at the same time as routine clinical labs. Ang ll and Ang-(1-7) will be measured in the plasma and urine using radioimmunoassays in a CLIA-certified laboratory within the Hypertension and Vascular Research Biomarker Analytical Core at Wake Forest School of Medicine. The investigators will calculate the ratio of the two peptides and, in the urine, standardize their values to urine creatinine. In the blood, creatinine, calcium, phosphorus, and vitamin D will be collected and in the urine, albumin, calcium, phosphorus, and creatinine will be collected all per standard of care. FGF23 and klotho will be analyzed in the Core via commercially available ELISA's.
All patients receive baseline and, if abnormal, follow-up echocardiograms to evaluate for left ventricular hypertrophy.
Blood pressure will be measured at clinic visits. Because age, sex, and height define normative pediatric values, the investigators will standardize blood pressure with z scores.
- Conditions
- Hypophosphatemia, X-linked Hypophosphatemia, Renin-angiotensin System, Left Ventricular Hypertrophy
- Being tested
- Ang II and Ang-(1-7), FGF23 and klotho
- Keywords
- FGF23, Angiotensin-(1-7), Hypophosphatemia
- Medical subject headings
- Hypophosphatemia, Familial Hypophosphatemic Rickets, Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Ang II and Ang-(1-7)Diagnostic test
Measured in plasma and urine using radioimmunoassays.
FGF23 and klothoDiagnostic test
Measured using ELISA's.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| FGF23-Related Hypophosphatemic Diseases | The diagnostic tests Ang II, Ang-(1-7), FGF23, and klotho will be measured in the cohort. Patients in the cohort will have the diseases X-linked hypophosphatemia (XLH), autosomal dominant hypophosphatemic rickets (ADHR), autosomal recessive hypophosphatemic rickets type 1 (ARHR1), autosomal recessive hypophosphatemic rickets type 2 (ARHR2), osteoglophonic dysplasia, Jansen-type metaphyseal chondrodysplasia, Raine syndrome, McCune-Alright syndrome, and epidermal nevus syndrome (ENS). Receives: Diagnostic Test: Ang II and Ang-(1-7); Diagnostic Test: FGF23 and klotho |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Left ventricular hypertrophy
Higher Ang-(1-7) levels will be associated with a decreased rate of left ventricular hypertrophy
Measured: 1 year
Secondary outcomes (1)
High blood pressure
Higher Ang-(1-7) levels will be associated with lower systolic blood pressure
Measured: 1 year
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted6 Apr 2018
- Study start6 Dec 2018
- Primary completion23 Dec 2020
- Study completion23 Dec 2020
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (9)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for HypophosphatemiaStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by Wake Forest University Health SciencesThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Observational
- Observational model
- Cohort
- Time perspective
- Prospective
- Enrolment
- 8 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Wake Forest University Health Sciences
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Andrew M South, MD MS, Principal investigator, Wake Forest University Health Sciences
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT03489993
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- IRB00049606
- Acronym
- GAP
- Status last verified
- Mar 2022
- First submitted
- 29 Mar 2018
- Last updated
- 5 Aug 2022
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
Dalton GD, Xie J, An SW, Huang CL. New Insights into the Mechanism of Action of Soluble Klotho. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2017 Nov 17;8:323. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2017.00323. eCollection 2017.
PubMed 29250031Faul C, Amaral AP, Oskouei B, Hu MC, Sloan A, Isakova T, Gutierrez OM, Aguillon-Prada R, Lincoln J, Hare JM, Mundel P, Morales A, Scialla J, Fischer M, Soliman EZ, Chen J, Go AS, Rosas SE, Nessel L, Townsend RR, Feldman HI, St John Sutton M, Ojo A, Gadegbeku C, Di Marco GS, Reuter S, Kentrup D, Tiemann K, Brand M, Hill JA, Moe OW, Kuro-O M, Kusek JW, Keane MG, Wolf M. FGF23 induces left ventricular hypertrophy. J Clin Invest. 2011 Nov;121(11):4393-408. doi: 10.1172/JCI46122. Epub 2011 Oct 10.
PubMed 21985788Gutierrez OM, Wolf M, Taylor EN. Fibroblast growth factor 23, cardiovascular disease risk factors, and phosphorus intake in the health professionals follow-up study. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2011 Dec;6(12):2871-8. doi: 10.2215/CJN.02740311. Epub 2011 Oct 27.
PubMed 22034506Isakova T, Xie H, Yang W, Xie D, Anderson AH, Scialla J, Wahl P, Gutierrez OM, Steigerwalt S, He J, Schwartz S, Lo J, Ojo A, Sondheimer J, Hsu CY, Lash J, Leonard M, Kusek JW, Feldman HI, Wolf M; Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort (CRIC) Study Group. Fibroblast growth factor 23 and risks of mortality and end-stage renal disease in patients with chronic kidney disease. JAMA. 2011 Jun 15;305(23):2432-9. doi: 10.1001/jama.2011.826.
PubMed 21673295Kinoshita Y, Fukumoto S. X-Linked Hypophosphatemia and FGF23-Related Hypophosphatemic Diseases: Prospect for New Treatment. Endocr Rev. 2018 Jun 1;39(3):274-291. doi: 10.1210/er.2017-00220.
PubMed 29381780Mitsnefes MM, Betoko A, Schneider MF, Salusky IB, Wolf MS, Juppner H, Warady BA, Furth SL, Portale AA. FGF23 and Left Ventricular Hypertrophy in Children with CKD. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2018 Jan 6;13(1):45-52. doi: 10.2215/CJN.02110217. Epub 2017 Oct 12.
PubMed 29025789Akimoto T, Yoshizawa H, Watanabe Y, Numata A, Yamazaki T, Takeshima E, Iwazu K, Komada T, Otani N, Morishita Y, Ito C, Shiizaki K, Ando Y, Muto S, Kuro-o M, Kusano E. Characteristics of urinary and serum soluble Klotho protein in patients with different degrees of chronic kidney disease. BMC Nephrol. 2012 Nov 23;13:155. doi: 10.1186/1471-2369-13-155.
PubMed 23176706de Borst MH, Vervloet MG, ter Wee PM, Navis G. Cross talk between the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and vitamin D-FGF-23-klotho in chronic kidney disease. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2011 Sep;22(9):1603-9. doi: 10.1681/ASN.2010121251. Epub 2011 Aug 18.
PubMed 21852584Drew DA, Katz R, Kritchevsky S, Ix J, Shlipak M, Gutierrez OM, Newman A, Hoofnagle A, Fried L, Semba RD, Sarnak M. Association between Soluble Klotho and Change in Kidney Function: The Health Aging and Body Composition Study. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2017 Jun;28(6):1859-1866. doi: 10.1681/ASN.2016080828. Epub 2017 Jan 19.
PubMed 28104822
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 5 Aug 2022. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Interplay of FGF23 and Angiotensin-(1-7) in Hypophosphatemia (GAP)
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT03489993
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- GAP / IRB00049606
- Conditions
- Hypophosphatemia, X-linked Hypophosphatemia, Renin-angiotensin System, Left Ventricular Hypertrophy
- Keywords
- FGF23, Angiotensin-(1-7), Hypophosphatemia
- Study type
- Observational
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 8 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Wake Forest University Health SciencesUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 6 Dec 2018 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 23 Dec 2020 (actual)
- Study completion
- 23 Dec 2020 (actual)
- First posted
- 6 Apr 2018 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Hereditary hypophosphatemia encompasses rare genetic conditions characterized by renal phosphate wasting. Increased circulating levels of fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23), a key regulator of phosphorus metabolism, are critical to the pathophysiology of these diseases, most notably in X-linked hypophosphatemia (XLH). Increased FGF23 induces hypertrophy and scarring in the heart in part via stimulating the traditional renin-angiotensin system (RAS) pathway, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)/angiotensin (Ang ll), particularly in patients with chronic kidney disease, but the effect of FGF23 on the heart in patients with FGF23-related hypophosphatemic diseases is unknown. In addition, the relationship between FGF23 and the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2)/angiotensin-(1-7) (Ang-(1-7) pathway of the RAS is unknown.
The objective of this study is to describe the relationship between FGF23, which causes low phosphorus levels, and components of the RAS in the blood and urine to help the investigators understand why the disease occurs and how to better treat it.
Subjects will be identified by querying the Electronic Medical Record according to medical diagnosis. Thirty subjects, 2-24 years of age, will be recruited from the tertiary care Pediatric Endocrinology and Pediatric Nephrology clinics at Brenner Children's Hospital. Inclusion criteria include a confirmed diagnosis of hereditary FGF23-related hypophosphatemia. Clinical data will be obtained from the Electronic Medical Record. Each subject will undergo study assessments at baseline, 6 months and 1 year that include blood work, an echocardiogram, and blood pressure measurements.
The primary hypothesis is that subjects with higher Ang-(1-7) levels have lower rates of cardiac hypertrophy and thus are protected against high FGF23 levels. The secondary hypothesis is that subjects with higher Ang-(1-7) levels have lower systolic blood pressure.
Detailed description
Clinical data will be collected from the Electronic Medical Record, including age, sex, parent-reported race, past medical and family histories, and current medications. The investigators will calculate body mass index and define overweight/obesity as a body mass index ≥85% percentile for age and sex. The investigators will calculate the estimated glomerular filtration rate to measure renal function based on serum creatinine standardized to age, sex, and height.
Blood (less than 5 mL) and urine samples will be collected at each study visit at the same time as routine clinical labs. Ang ll and Ang-(1-7) will be measured in the plasma and urine using radioimmunoassays in a CLIA-certified laboratory within the Hypertension and Vascular Research Biomarker Analytical Core at Wake Forest School of Medicine. The investigators will calculate the ratio of the two peptides and, in the urine, standardize their values to urine creatinine. In the blood, creatinine, calcium, phosphorus, and vitamin D will be collected and in the urine, albumin, calcium, phosphorus, and creatinine will be collected all per standard of care. FGF23 and klotho will be analyzed in the Core via commercially available ELISA's.
All patients receive baseline and, if abnormal, follow-up echocardiograms to evaluate for left ventricular hypertrophy.
Blood pressure will be measured at clinic visits. Because age, sex, and height define normative pediatric values, the investigators will standardize blood pressure with z scores.
Study design
- Observational model
- Cohort
- Time perspective
- Prospective
- Number of arms
- 1
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| FGF23-Related Hypophosphatemic Diseases | – | Diagnostic Test: Ang II and Ang-(1-7), Diagnostic Test: FGF23 and klothoThe diagnostic tests Ang II, Ang-(1-7), FGF23, and klotho will be measured in the cohort. Patients in the cohort will have the diseases X-linked hypophosphatemia (XLH), autosomal dominant hypophosphatemic rickets (ADHR), autosomal recessive hypophosphatemic rickets type 1 (ARHR1), autosomal recessive hypophosphatemic rickets type 2 (ARHR2), osteoglophonic dysplasia, Jansen-type metaphyseal chondrodysplasia, Raine syndrome, McCune-Alright syndrome, and epidermal nevus syndrome (ENS). |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 2 to 24 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Child, Adult
- Study population
- Subjects with hereditary FGF23-related hypophosphatemia will be recruited from the tertiary care Pediatric Endocrinology and Pediatric Nephrology clinics at Brenner Children's Hospital.
Key inclusion criteria (1 listed)
- Confirmed diagnosis of hereditary FGF23-related hypophosphatemia
Key exclusion criteria (4 listed)
- Acquired FGF23-related hypophosphatemia
- Age less than 2 years
- Age more than 24 years
- Inability to provide urine sample
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Ang II and Ang-(1-7)Measured in plasma and urine using radioimmunoassays. | Diagnostic test | FGF23-Related Hypophosphatemic Diseases |
| FGF23 and klothoMeasured using ELISA's. | Diagnostic test | FGF23-Related Hypophosphatemic Diseases |
Primary outcome
Left ventricular hypertrophy
Time frame: 1 year
Higher Ang-(1-7) levels will be associated with a decreased rate of left ventricular hypertrophy
1 secondary outcome
High blood pressure
Time frame: 1 year
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 5 Aug 2022.
- Background: PubMed 29250031Dalton GD, Xie J, An SW, Huang CL. New Insights into the Mechanism of Action of Soluble Klotho. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2017 Nov 17;8:323. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2017.00323. eCollection 2017.
- Background: PubMed 21985788Faul C, Amaral AP, Oskouei B, Hu MC, Sloan A, Isakova T, Gutierrez OM, Aguillon-Prada R, Lincoln J, Hare JM, Mundel P, Morales A, Scialla J, Fischer M, Soliman EZ, Chen J, Go AS, Rosas SE, Nessel L, Townsend RR, Feldman HI, St John Sutton M, Ojo A, Gadegbeku C, Di Marco GS, Reuter S, Kentrup D, Tiemann K, Brand M, Hill JA, Moe OW, Kuro-O M, Kusek JW, Keane MG, Wolf M. FGF23 induces left ventricular hypertrophy. J Clin Invest. 2011 Nov;121(11):4393-408. doi: 10.1172/JCI46122. Epub 2011 Oct 10.
- Background: PubMed 22034506Gutierrez OM, Wolf M, Taylor EN. Fibroblast growth factor 23, cardiovascular disease risk factors, and phosphorus intake in the health professionals follow-up study. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2011 Dec;6(12):2871-8. doi: 10.2215/CJN.02740311. Epub 2011 Oct 27.
- Background: PubMed 21673295Isakova T, Xie H, Yang W, Xie D, Anderson AH, Scialla J, Wahl P, Gutierrez OM, Steigerwalt S, He J, Schwartz S, Lo J, Ojo A, Sondheimer J, Hsu CY, Lash J, Leonard M, Kusek JW, Feldman HI, Wolf M; Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort (CRIC) Study Group. Fibroblast growth factor 23 and risks of mortality and end-stage renal disease in patients with chronic kidney disease. JAMA. 2011 Jun 15;305(23):2432-9. doi: 10.1001/jama.2011.826.
- Background: PubMed 29381780Kinoshita Y, Fukumoto S. X-Linked Hypophosphatemia and FGF23-Related Hypophosphatemic Diseases: Prospect for New Treatment. Endocr Rev. 2018 Jun 1;39(3):274-291. doi: 10.1210/er.2017-00220.
- Background: PubMed 29025789Mitsnefes MM, Betoko A, Schneider MF, Salusky IB, Wolf MS, Juppner H, Warady BA, Furth SL, Portale AA. FGF23 and Left Ventricular Hypertrophy in Children with CKD. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2018 Jan 6;13(1):45-52. doi: 10.2215/CJN.02110217. Epub 2017 Oct 12.
- Background: PubMed 23176706Akimoto T, Yoshizawa H, Watanabe Y, Numata A, Yamazaki T, Takeshima E, Iwazu K, Komada T, Otani N, Morishita Y, Ito C, Shiizaki K, Ando Y, Muto S, Kuro-o M, Kusano E. Characteristics of urinary and serum soluble Klotho protein in patients with different degrees of chronic kidney disease. BMC Nephrol. 2012 Nov 23;13:155. doi: 10.1186/1471-2369-13-155.
- Background: PubMed 21852584de Borst MH, Vervloet MG, ter Wee PM, Navis G. Cross talk between the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and vitamin D-FGF-23-klotho in chronic kidney disease. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2011 Sep;22(9):1603-9. doi: 10.1681/ASN.2010121251. Epub 2011 Aug 18.
- Background: PubMed 28104822Drew DA, Katz R, Kritchevsky S, Ix J, Shlipak M, Gutierrez OM, Newman A, Hoofnagle A, Fried L, Semba RD, Sarnak M. Association between Soluble Klotho and Change in Kidney Function: The Health Aging and Body Composition Study. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2017 Jun;28(6):1859-1866. doi: 10.1681/ASN.2016080828. Epub 2017 Jan 19.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Andrew M South, MD MS principal investigator
Wake Forest University Health Sciences
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
An observational study of Hypophosphatemia and X-linked Hypophosphatemia, run by Wake Forest University Health Sciences at 1 site in United States.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 1 inclusion and 4 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 5 Aug 2022. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Left ventricular hypertrophy (time frame: 1 year). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT03489993, which also lists 9 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 5 Aug 2022.