Progression From Impaired Fasting Glucose to Diabetes MellitusNCT03617757
Progression From Impaired Fasting Glucose to Diabetes Mellitus Among Chinese
A study testing Oral Glucose Tolerance Test and HbA1c in people with Progression From Impaired Fasting Glucose to Diabetes Mellitus, run by The University of Hong Kong at 3 sites in Hong Kong.
Trial summary
Impaired fasting glucose (IFG), a significant risk factor for diabetes mellitus (DM), is commonly encountered in the primary care setting and represents an important target for DM prevention. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 years and older
- Conditions the study is for
- Progression From Impaired Fasting Glucose to Diabetes Mellitus
- What is being tested?
- Oral Glucose Tolerance Test and HbA1c
- Type of treatment
- Pill or oral medicine
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 386 participants
- Where
- 3 sitesHong Kong
- Study dates
- 1 Oct 2017to 22 Jan 2019
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 years and older
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Aged ≥ 18 year
- Chinese ethnicity
- Diagnosis of impaired fasting glucose (i.e. FG between 5.6-6.9mmol/L) +/- impaired glucose tolerance (i.e. 2-hour postprandial PG between 7.8-11.0mmol/L) confirmed by latest OGTT results within 60 months prior to recruitment
Who cannot join
- Confirmed diagnosis of DM or on hypoglycaemic treatment
- Women who are pregnant or breast-feeding at recruitment
- Patients taking glucocorticoid at recruitment
- Active and uncontrolled thyroid diseases (including subjects on thyroid replacement therapy or anti-thyroid drugs) or active endocrine diseases such as Cushing's syndrome or Acromegaly at recruitment
- Severe renal impairment i.e. eGFR ≤ 30 ml/min/1.73m2
- Clinically significant anaemia at recruitment
- History of blood donation or blood transfusion within 3 months prior to recruitment
Trial locations and contacts
3 sites in 1 country.
Hong Kong3 sites
Tsan Yuk Hospital RAMP Clinic
Hong Kong, 852
Ap Lei Chau General Out-patient Clinic
Hong Kong
Lek Yuen General Out-patient Clinic
Hong Kong
About this study
Official title: Determinants of Progression From Impaired Fasting Glucose to Diabetes Mellitus Among Chinese - a 3-year Follow up Study
Impaired fasting glucose (IFG), a significant risk factor for diabetes mellitus (DM), is commonly encountered in the primary care setting and represents an important target for DM prevention. However, data on the long term risk of progression from IFG to DM among Chinese subjects and associated risk factors are currently lacking; appropriate DM prevention programme for this group cannot be yet established.
This is a prospective cohort study that aims to estimate the incidence of progression to diabetes mellitus (DM) among Chinese primary care patients with impaired fasting glucose (IFG) over a 3-year period and evaluate putative risk factors. A prospective cohort of around 700 non-diabetic Chinese adults who had IFG (i.e. fasting glucose level between 5.6 to 6.9mmol/L) and received baseline assessment between May 2013 and March 2015 at 3 public primary care clinics across Hong Kong will be invited for a 36-month-follow-up glycaemic status assessment (i.e. to repeat 75-gram oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and HbA1c test). The OGTT results will be used as the gold standard for the diagnosis of DM, normoglycaemia, IFG and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) state. Demographics and lifestyle of the subjects including age, gender, occupation, education level, socio-economic status, smoking and drinking history, diet, exercise, work-sleep pattern, stress, quality of life and family history will be collected using standardized questionnaire. Participant's medical history and drug history will be retrieved from the Clinical Management System (CMS) of the Hospital Authority. Lipid profile, blood pressure, waist circumference and body mass index will also be assessed.
Read more
Logistic regression model will be performed to determine if these variables are associated with progression from IFG to DM. The primary outcome is the incidence of DM among the IFG study population. The secondary outcomes are the risks of developing DM among subjects with isolated IFG or combined IFG/IGT and determinants of progression to DM.
Knowledge on the natural history of isolated IFG or combined IFG/IGT among Hong Kong Chinese primary care patients and the significant modifiable associated risk factors for progression to DM will enable primary care researchers to design optimal management programme for diabetes prevention among these high risk patients.
Read the detailed description
Impaired fasting glucose (IFG) represent an intermediate state of abnormal glucose regulation that exist between normal glucose homeostasis and diabetes mellitus (DM) and is a significant risk factor for DM and cardiovascular complications. IFG is defined by an elevated FG level between 6.1-6.9mmol/L according to the World Health Organization (WHO). The lower cutoff level for IFG was further lowered to 5.6mmol/L by the American Diabetes Association (ADA) in 2003 in order to maximize sensitivity and specificity for predicting DM over a 5-year period. In Hong Kong, IFG individuals can be more readily identified by primary care doctors than subjects with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) or elevated HbA1c - the other 2 pre-diabetic categories - because fasting glucose (FG) test is recommended by the Hong Kong reference framework for diabetes care for adults in primary care setting for DM screening. Thus, this group of individuals should be targeted opportunistically for DM prevention.
On the other hand, IFG is a heterogeneous group with variable risk of progression to DM. Individuals with IFG may have concomitant IGT, elevated HbA1c or even DM. Thomas et al. found that around 20% of Hong Kong Chinese subjects with impaired glucose relation had concomitant IFG and IGT, whereas 49.5% had isolated IGT and 30.5% had isolated IFG. Ko et al. followed up 55 Chinese subjects with IFG for a median period of 1.12 year and showed that 8.4% progressed to DM annually as defined by fasting glucose criteria (FG ≥7.0mmol.L). Lee et al. followed up 238 Chinese women with persistent impaired glucose tolerance after gestational diabetes over a mean period of 52 months and found that 20% of the studied population developed diabetes mellitus based on OGTT criteria; the highest rate of progression to DM was noted among those women with concomitant postpartum impaired fasting glucose.
A recent cross-sectional study by Yu et al on 1,200 Chinese primary care patients with IFG demonstrated that 20% had DM confirmed by OGTT as the gold diagnostic standard, 14.3% had concomitant IGT, and 16.1% would regress back to normoglycaemia upon retest within 18 months. However, all of these local studies had short follow-up period and used different diagnostic tests for confirmation of DM; the long term risk of progression to DM among Chinese subjects with isolated IFG or combined IFG-IGT had not been fully evaluated.
Moreover, only few studies examined the risk factors for progression from IFG (+/- IGT) to DM among Asians or Chinese. Female gender, smoking, low physical activity, obesity as well as truncal obesity, high blood pressure, high triglyceridaemia and most importantly higher baseline FG level had all been reported to increase risk of progression from IFG to DM among Caucasians. In the only Asian study conducted in Japan, Toshihiro et al. found that stress in daily life, night duty and administrative position were risk factors of DM development among IFG subjects. To the best of our knowledge, no published data on the risk factors of progression from IFG to DM among Chinese is currently available. It was not certain that the risk factors identified among the Caucasians or Japanese were applicable to the Chinese. Although intensive lifestyle modifications targeting these risk factors had been reported to reduce progression from IFG to DM, their effects on Chinese subjects with IFG had not been evaluated.
Between May 2013 and March 2015, our team have already collected a prospective cohort of around 700 non-diabetic adults who have underwent both 75g OGTT and HbA1c tests as rigorous determination of their glycemic status. We aim to conduct a 3-year follow-up study to estimate the incidence of progression to DM among Hong Kong Chinese primary care patients with IFG with or without concomitant IGT using OGTT as the gold diagnostic standard as recommended by the Hong Kong Reference Framework. In addition, we aim to identify determinants, in particular the modifiable risk factors, for the progression from IFG to DM. These results will provide valuable information for designing optimal follow-up plan and diabetes prevention programme for local IFG patients, with the ultimate goal to reduce health care burden of DM on our society.
- Being tested
- Oral Glucose Tolerance Test, HbA1c
- Keywords
- Chinese, Diabetes Mellitus, Impaired fasting glucose, Incidence, Progression, Risk factors
- Medical subject headings
- Diabetes Mellitus, Disease Progression
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Oral Glucose Tolerance TestDiagnostic test
Patients will be invited to have oral glucose tolerance test. 2mL blood will be taken for analysis at 0 minute and 120 minutes.
HbA1cDiagnostic test
2mL blood will be taken for analysis of HbA1c.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| All recruited patients | Experimental | Blood taking procedure, oral glucose tolerance test and questionnaire will be included. Receives: Diagnostic Test: Oral Glucose Tolerance Test; Diagnostic Test: HbA1c |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Incidence of DM
the incidence of DM among Chinese primary care patients with impaired fasting glucose (including isolated IFG or combined IFG / IGT)
Measured: At baseline
Secondary outcomes (15)
Incidence of regression to normoglycaemia among the studied population
Measured: At baseline
Family history as risk factor associated with progression to DM
measured by questionnaire: ask if any direct relatives have the history of DM
Measured: At baseline
Smoking habit as risk factor associated with progression to DM
measured by questionnaire: ask if participant is non-smoker, current smoker or ex-smoker
Measured: At baseline
Drinking habit as risk factor associated with progression to DM
measured by questionnaire: ask if participant is non-drinker, social drinker, chronic drinker or ex-drinker
Measured: At baseline
Stress level as risk factor associated with progression to DM
measured by questionnaire: Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS) - 7 Stress Scales only
Measured: At baseline
Stress level as risk factor associated with progression to DM
measured by questionnaire: Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10)
Measured: At baseline
Eating habit as risk factor associated with progression to DM
measured by diet questionnaire
Measured: At baseline
Sleep quality as risk factor associated with progression to DM
measured by questionnaire Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI)
Measured: At baseline
Exercises frequency as determinant of regression to normoglycaemia
measured by International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) - short form
Measured: At baseline
Diet as determinant of regression to normoglycaemia
measured by diet questionnaire
Measured: At baseline
Sleep quality as determinants of regression to normoglycaemia
measured by Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI)
Measured: At baseline
Waist circumferences as determinants of regression to normoglycaemia
Measured: At baseline
Prevalence of depression among subjects with IFG
measured by Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-2)
Measured: At baseline
Health related Quality of Life of subjects with IFG
measured by questionnaire: SF12 Health Survey version 2
Measured: At baseline
Capacity of the studied population to join intensive lifestyle intervention
by questionnaire: history of joining exercise classes or conducting diet control with dietitians
Measured: At baseline
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted6 Aug 2018
- Study start1 Oct 2017
- Primary completion22 Jan 2019
- Study completion22 Jan 2019
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (14)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Progression From Impaired Fasting Glucose to Diabetes MellitusStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by The University of Hong KongThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Health services research
- Allocation
- Not applicable
- Intervention model
- Single group
- Model description
- Prospective and Cohort study (Compare different cohorts)
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 386 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- The University of Hong Kong
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Chinese University of Hong Kong
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Dr. YU Yee Yak, Esther, The University of Hong Kong
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT03617757
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- UW17-429
- Status last verified
- May 2019
- First submitted
- 26 Jun 2018
- Last updated
- 6 May 2019
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- Yes
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
World Health Organization, Definition and diagnosis of diabetes mellitus and intermediate hyperglycaemia. 2006, World Health Organization: Geneva.
Nathan DM, Davidson MB, DeFronzo RA, Heine RJ, Henry RR, Pratley R, Zinman B; American Diabetes Association. Impaired fasting glucose and impaired glucose tolerance: implications for care. Diabetes Care. 2007 Mar;30(3):753-9. doi: 10.2337/dc07-9920. No abstract available.
PubMed 17327355Genuth S, Alberti KG, Bennett P, Buse J, Defronzo R, Kahn R, Kitzmiller J, Knowler WC, Lebovitz H, Lernmark A, Nathan D, Palmer J, Rizza R, Saudek C, Shaw J, Steffes M, Stern M, Tuomilehto J, Zimmet P; Expert Committee on the Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes Mellitus. Follow-up report on the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care. 2003 Nov;26(11):3160-7. doi: 10.2337/diacare.26.11.3160. No abstract available.
PubMed 14578255Task Force on Conceptual Model and Preventive Protocols, Hong Kong reference framework for diabetes care for adults in primary care settings. 2013: Hong Kong.
Thomas GN, Schooling CM, McGhee SM, Ho SY, Cheung BM, Wat NM, Janus ED, Lam TH; Hong Kong Cardiovascular Risk Factor Prevalence Study Steering Committee. Identification of factors differentially associated with isolated impaired fasting glucose and isolated post-load impaired glucose tolerance: the Hong Kong Cardiovascular Risk Factor Study. Eur J Endocrinol. 2006 Oct;155(4):623-32. doi: 10.1530/eje.1.02250.
PubMed 16990663Ko GT, Chan JC, Cockram CS. Change of glycaemic status in Chinese subjects with impaired fasting glycaemia. Diabet Med. 2001 Sep;18(9):745-8. doi: 10.1046/j.0742-3071.2001.00572.x.
PubMed 11606173Lee KF, Mak MW, Lau KO, Chung H. Risk of development of diabetes mellitus in Chinese women with persistently impaired glucose tolerance after gestational diabetes. Hong Kong Med J. 2011 Jun;17(3):195-201.
PubMed 21636867Yu EY, Wong CK, Ho SY, Wong SY, Lam CL. Can HbA1c replace OGTT for the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus among Chinese patients with impaired fasting glucose? Fam Pract. 2015 Dec;32(6):631-8. doi: 10.1093/fampra/cmv077. Epub 2015 Oct 14.
PubMed 26467644Rasmussen SS, Glumer C, Sandbaek A, Lauritzen T, Borch-Johnsen K. Determinants of progression from impaired fasting glucose and impaired glucose tolerance to diabetes in a high-risk screened population: 3 year follow-up in the ADDITION study, Denmark. Diabetologia. 2008 Feb;51(2):249-57. doi: 10.1007/s00125-007-0893-8. Epub 2007 Dec 5.
PubMed 18060659Leiva E, Mujica V, Orrego R, Wehinger S, Soto A, Icaza G, Vasquez M, Diaz L, Andrews M, Arredondo M. Subjects with impaired fasting glucose: evolution in a period of 6 years. J Diabetes Res. 2014;2014:710370. doi: 10.1155/2014/710370. Epub 2014 Aug 20.
PubMed 25215305Nichols GA, Hillier TA, Brown JB. Progression from newly acquired impaired fasting glusose to type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2007 Feb;30(2):228-33. doi: 10.2337/dc06-1392.
PubMed 17259486Sharifi F, Jaberi Y, Mirzamohammadi F, Mirzamohammadi H, Mousavinasab N. Determinants of developing diabetes mellitus and vascular complications in patients with impaired fasting glucose. Indian J Endocrinol Metab. 2013 Sep;17(5):899-905. doi: 10.4103/2230-8210.117240.
PubMed 24083174Toshihiro M, Saito K, Takikawa S, Takebe N, Onoda T, Satoh J. Psychosocial factors are independent risk factors for the development of Type 2 diabetes in Japanese workers with impaired fasting glucose and/or impaired glucose tolerance. Diabet Med. 2008 Oct;25(10):1211-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1464-5491.2008.02566.x.
PubMed 19046200Knowler WC, Barrett-Connor E, Fowler SE, Hamman RF, Lachin JM, Walker EA, Nathan DM; Diabetes Prevention Program Research Group. Reduction in the incidence of type 2 diabetes with lifestyle intervention or metformin. N Engl J Med. 2002 Feb 7;346(6):393-403. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa012512.
PubMed 11832527
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 6 May 2019. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Determinants of Progression From Impaired Fasting Glucose to Diabetes Mellitus Among Chinese - a 3-year Follow up Study
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT03617757
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- UW17-429
- Keywords
- Chinese, Diabetes Mellitus, Impaired fasting glucose, Incidence, Progression, Risk factors
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 386 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- The University of Hong KongUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Chinese University of Hong Kong
- Study start
- 1 Oct 2017 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 22 Jan 2019 (actual)
- Study completion
- 22 Jan 2019 (actual)
- First posted
- 6 Aug 2018 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Impaired fasting glucose (IFG), a significant risk factor for diabetes mellitus (DM), is commonly encountered in the primary care setting and represents an important target for DM prevention. However, data on the long term risk of progression from IFG to DM among Chinese subjects and associated risk factors are currently lacking; appropriate DM prevention programme for this group cannot be yet established.
This is a prospective cohort study that aims to estimate the incidence of progression to diabetes mellitus (DM) among Chinese primary care patients with impaired fasting glucose (IFG) over a 3-year period and evaluate putative risk factors. A prospective cohort of around 700 non-diabetic Chinese adults who had IFG (i.e. fasting glucose level between 5.6 to 6.9mmol/L) and received baseline assessment between May 2013 and March 2015 at 3 public primary care clinics across Hong Kong will be invited for a 36-month-follow-up glycaemic status assessment (i.e. to repeat 75-gram oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and HbA1c test). The OGTT results will be used as the gold standard for the diagnosis of DM, normoglycaemia, IFG and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) state. Demographics and lifestyle of the subjects including age, gender, occupation, education level, socio-economic status, smoking and drinking history, diet, exercise, work-sleep pattern, stress, quality of life and family history will be collected using standardized questionnaire. Participant's medical history and drug history will be retrieved from the Clinical Management System (CMS) of the Hospital Authority. Lipid profile, blood pressure, waist circumference and body mass index will also be assessed.
Logistic regression model will be performed to determine if these variables are associated with progression from IFG to DM. The primary outcome is the incidence of DM among the IFG study population. The secondary outcomes are the risks of developing DM among subjects with isolated IFG or combined IFG/IGT and determinants of progression to DM.
Knowledge on the natural history of isolated IFG or combined IFG/IGT among Hong Kong Chinese primary care patients and the significant modifiable associated risk factors for progression to DM will enable primary care researchers to design optimal management programme for diabetes prevention among these high risk patients.
Detailed description
Impaired fasting glucose (IFG) represent an intermediate state of abnormal glucose regulation that exist between normal glucose homeostasis and diabetes mellitus (DM) and is a significant risk factor for DM and cardiovascular complications. IFG is defined by an elevated FG level between 6.1-6.9mmol/L according to the World Health Organization (WHO). The lower cutoff level for IFG was further lowered to 5.6mmol/L by the American Diabetes Association (ADA) in 2003 in order to maximize sensitivity and specificity for predicting DM over a 5-year period. In Hong Kong, IFG individuals can be more readily identified by primary care doctors than subjects with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) or elevated HbA1c - the other 2 pre-diabetic categories - because fasting glucose (FG) test is recommended by the Hong Kong reference framework for diabetes care for adults in primary care setting for DM screening. Thus, this group of individuals should be targeted opportunistically for DM prevention.
On the other hand, IFG is a heterogeneous group with variable risk of progression to DM. Individuals with IFG may have concomitant IGT, elevated HbA1c or even DM. Thomas et al. found that around 20% of Hong Kong Chinese subjects with impaired glucose relation had concomitant IFG and IGT, whereas 49.5% had isolated IGT and 30.5% had isolated IFG. Ko et al. followed up 55 Chinese subjects with IFG for a median period of 1.12 year and showed that 8.4% progressed to DM annually as defined by fasting glucose criteria (FG ≥7.0mmol.L). Lee et al. followed up 238 Chinese women with persistent impaired glucose tolerance after gestational diabetes over a mean period of 52 months and found that 20% of the studied population developed diabetes mellitus based on OGTT criteria; the highest rate of progression to DM was noted among those women with concomitant postpartum impaired fasting glucose.
A recent cross-sectional study by Yu et al on 1,200 Chinese primary care patients with IFG demonstrated that 20% had DM confirmed by OGTT as the gold diagnostic standard, 14.3% had concomitant IGT, and 16.1% would regress back to normoglycaemia upon retest within 18 months. However, all of these local studies had short follow-up period and used different diagnostic tests for confirmation of DM; the long term risk of progression to DM among Chinese subjects with isolated IFG or combined IFG-IGT had not been fully evaluated.
Moreover, only few studies examined the risk factors for progression from IFG (+/- IGT) to DM among Asians or Chinese. Female gender, smoking, low physical activity, obesity as well as truncal obesity, high blood pressure, high triglyceridaemia and most importantly higher baseline FG level had all been reported to increase risk of progression from IFG to DM among Caucasians. In the only Asian study conducted in Japan, Toshihiro et al. found that stress in daily life, night duty and administrative position were risk factors of DM development among IFG subjects. To the best of our knowledge, no published data on the risk factors of progression from IFG to DM among Chinese is currently available. It was not certain that the risk factors identified among the Caucasians or Japanese were applicable to the Chinese. Although intensive lifestyle modifications targeting these risk factors had been reported to reduce progression from IFG to DM, their effects on Chinese subjects with IFG had not been evaluated.
Between May 2013 and March 2015, our team have already collected a prospective cohort of around 700 non-diabetic adults who have underwent both 75g OGTT and HbA1c tests as rigorous determination of their glycemic status. We aim to conduct a 3-year follow-up study to estimate the incidence of progression to DM among Hong Kong Chinese primary care patients with IFG with or without concomitant IGT using OGTT as the gold diagnostic standard as recommended by the Hong Kong Reference Framework. In addition, we aim to identify determinants, in particular the modifiable risk factors, for the progression from IFG to DM. These results will provide valuable information for designing optimal follow-up plan and diabetes prevention programme for local IFG patients, with the ultimate goal to reduce health care burden of DM on our society.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Health services research
- Allocation
- Not applicable
- Intervention model
- Single group
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 1
- Model description
- Prospective and Cohort study (Compare different cohorts)
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| All recruited patients | Experimental | Diagnostic Test: Oral Glucose Tolerance Test, Diagnostic Test: HbA1cBlood taking procedure, oral glucose tolerance test and questionnaire will be included. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 years and older
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (3 listed)
- Aged ≥ 18 year
- Chinese ethnicity
- Diagnosis of impaired fasting glucose (i.e. FG between 5.6-6.9mmol/L) +/- impaired glucose tolerance (i.e. 2-hour postprandial PG between 7.8-11.0mmol/L) confirmed by latest OGTT results within 60 months prior to recruitment
Key exclusion criteria (7 listed)
- Confirmed diagnosis of DM or on hypoglycaemic treatment
- Women who are pregnant or breast-feeding at recruitment
- Patients taking glucocorticoid at recruitment
- Active and uncontrolled thyroid diseases (including subjects on thyroid replacement therapy or anti-thyroid drugs) or active endocrine diseases such as Cushing's syndrome or Acromegaly at recruitment
- Severe renal impairment i.e. eGFR ≤ 30 ml/min/1.73m2
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Oral Glucose Tolerance TestPatients will be invited to have oral glucose tolerance test. 2mL blood will be taken for analysis at 0 minute and 120 minutes. | Diagnostic test | All recruited patients |
| HbA1c2mL blood will be taken for analysis of HbA1c. | Diagnostic test | All recruited patients |
Primary outcome
Incidence of DM
Time frame: At baseline
the incidence of DM among Chinese primary care patients with impaired fasting glucose (including isolated IFG or combined IFG / IGT)
15 secondary outcomes
Incidence of regression to normoglycaemia among the studied population
Time frame: At baseline
Family history as risk factor associated with progression to DM
Time frame: At baseline
Smoking habit as risk factor associated with progression to DM
Time frame: At baseline
Drinking habit as risk factor associated with progression to DM
Time frame: At baseline
Stress level as risk factor associated with progression to DM
Time frame: At baseline
Stress level as risk factor associated with progression to DM
Time frame: At baseline
Eating habit as risk factor associated with progression to DM
Time frame: At baseline
Sleep quality as risk factor associated with progression to DM
Time frame: At baseline
Exercises frequency as determinant of regression to normoglycaemia
Time frame: At baseline
Diet as determinant of regression to normoglycaemia
Time frame: At baseline
Sleep quality as determinants of regression to normoglycaemia
Time frame: At baseline
Waist circumferences as determinants of regression to normoglycaemia
Time frame: At baseline
Prevalence of depression among subjects with IFG
Time frame: At baseline
Health related Quality of Life of subjects with IFG
Time frame: At baseline
Capacity of the studied population to join intensive lifestyle intervention
Time frame: At baseline
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 6 May 2019.
- BackgroundWorld Health Organization, Definition and diagnosis of diabetes mellitus and intermediate hyperglycaemia. 2006, World Health Organization: Geneva.
- Background: PubMed 17327355Nathan DM, Davidson MB, DeFronzo RA, Heine RJ, Henry RR, Pratley R, Zinman B; American Diabetes Association. Impaired fasting glucose and impaired glucose tolerance: implications for care. Diabetes Care. 2007 Mar;30(3):753-9. doi: 10.2337/dc07-9920. No abstract available.
- Background: PubMed 14578255Genuth S, Alberti KG, Bennett P, Buse J, Defronzo R, Kahn R, Kitzmiller J, Knowler WC, Lebovitz H, Lernmark A, Nathan D, Palmer J, Rizza R, Saudek C, Shaw J, Steffes M, Stern M, Tuomilehto J, Zimmet P; Expert Committee on the Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes Mellitus. Follow-up report on the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Care. 2003 Nov;26(11):3160-7. doi: 10.2337/diacare.26.11.3160. No abstract available.
- BackgroundTask Force on Conceptual Model and Preventive Protocols, Hong Kong reference framework for diabetes care for adults in primary care settings. 2013: Hong Kong.
- Background: PubMed 16990663Thomas GN, Schooling CM, McGhee SM, Ho SY, Cheung BM, Wat NM, Janus ED, Lam TH; Hong Kong Cardiovascular Risk Factor Prevalence Study Steering Committee. Identification of factors differentially associated with isolated impaired fasting glucose and isolated post-load impaired glucose tolerance: the Hong Kong Cardiovascular Risk Factor Study. Eur J Endocrinol. 2006 Oct;155(4):623-32. doi: 10.1530/eje.1.02250.
- Background: PubMed 11606173Ko GT, Chan JC, Cockram CS. Change of glycaemic status in Chinese subjects with impaired fasting glycaemia. Diabet Med. 2001 Sep;18(9):745-8. doi: 10.1046/j.0742-3071.2001.00572.x.
- Background: PubMed 21636867Lee KF, Mak MW, Lau KO, Chung H. Risk of development of diabetes mellitus in Chinese women with persistently impaired glucose tolerance after gestational diabetes. Hong Kong Med J. 2011 Jun;17(3):195-201.
- Background: PubMed 26467644Yu EY, Wong CK, Ho SY, Wong SY, Lam CL. Can HbA1c replace OGTT for the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus among Chinese patients with impaired fasting glucose? Fam Pract. 2015 Dec;32(6):631-8. doi: 10.1093/fampra/cmv077. Epub 2015 Oct 14.
- Background: PubMed 18060659Rasmussen SS, Glumer C, Sandbaek A, Lauritzen T, Borch-Johnsen K. Determinants of progression from impaired fasting glucose and impaired glucose tolerance to diabetes in a high-risk screened population: 3 year follow-up in the ADDITION study, Denmark. Diabetologia. 2008 Feb;51(2):249-57. doi: 10.1007/s00125-007-0893-8. Epub 2007 Dec 5.
- Background: PubMed 25215305Leiva E, Mujica V, Orrego R, Wehinger S, Soto A, Icaza G, Vasquez M, Diaz L, Andrews M, Arredondo M. Subjects with impaired fasting glucose: evolution in a period of 6 years. J Diabetes Res. 2014;2014:710370. doi: 10.1155/2014/710370. Epub 2014 Aug 20.
- Background: PubMed 17259486Nichols GA, Hillier TA, Brown JB. Progression from newly acquired impaired fasting glusose to type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2007 Feb;30(2):228-33. doi: 10.2337/dc06-1392.
- Background: PubMed 24083174Sharifi F, Jaberi Y, Mirzamohammadi F, Mirzamohammadi H, Mousavinasab N. Determinants of developing diabetes mellitus and vascular complications in patients with impaired fasting glucose. Indian J Endocrinol Metab. 2013 Sep;17(5):899-905. doi: 10.4103/2230-8210.117240.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
The record lists no contact. Use the official record to reach the sponsor.
3 sites in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Oral Glucose Tolerance Test and HbA1c in people with Progression From Impaired Fasting Glucose to Diabetes Mellitus, run by The University of Hong Kong at 3 sites in Hong Kong.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 3 inclusion and 7 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 6 May 2019. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 3 sites in Hong Kong. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Incidence of DM (time frame: At baseline). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT03617757, which also lists 14 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 6 May 2019.