HealthyNCT03627871
Enduring Exercise Habits: Trending Norms
A study testing Majority Norm, Trending Minority Norm and Minority Norm in people with Healthy, run by University of Pennsylvania at 1 site in United States.
Trial summary
Learning that most people engage in an activity can be a powerful motivator to adoption. But are there instances in which people can similarly find motivation from learning that only a minority of others engage in a behavior? Evidence suggests this may be possible when the message is that the size of the minority has… Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 years and olderHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Healthy
- What is being tested?
- Majority Norm, Trending Minority Norm and Minority Norm
- Type of treatment
- Lifestyle or therapy programme
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 2,000 participants
- Where
- 1 siteUnited States
- Study dates
- 31 Jan 2018to 28 Feb 2019
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 years and older
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Has 24 Hour Fitness gym membership
Who cannot join
- -
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
United States1 site
University of Pennsylvania
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104
About this study
Learning that most people engage in an activity can be a powerful motivator to adoption. But are there instances in which people can similarly find motivation from learning that only a minority of others engage in a behavior? Evidence suggests this may be possible when the message is that the size of the minority has been growing in recent years. In this study, we first examine how gym members' exercise patterns shift when they are informed that the minority versus the majority of (a subpopulation of) other Americans exercise frequently. We also test how gym members are affected by learning that the number of frequent exercisers has increased in recent years.
Read the detailed description
Gym members register online to participate in a 28-day workout program. Upon registration, participants are assigned to one of five conditions (a 2 x 2 study design plus a control group). Participants are assigned to receive information about majority exercise norms or minority exercise norms, and are informed that these norms are trending up or receive no information about trends in these norms. Participants are then prompted to create a workout schedule. Over the 28-day intervention period, participants are sent text messages with information about exercise depending on their condition (i.e., majority trending exercise norms, majority exercise norms with no information about trends, minority trending exercise norms or minority norms with no information about trends), workout reminders before their scheduled workouts, and weekly emails with additional exercise information related to their assigned condition and their schedule. Participants assigned to the control condition are prompted to create a workout schedule and receive text message reminders, information about exercise that is unrelated to social norms, and weekly emails with exercise information unrelated to social norms or trends and their workout schedule. All participants earn points for participating and for each day that they go to the gym which can be redeemed for an Amazon cash gift card after the end of the intervention period.
- Conditions
- Healthy
- Being tested
- Majority Norm, Trending Minority Norm, Minority Norm, Control, Trending Majority Norm
- Keywords
- exercise, social norms, interest in exercising more
- Medical subject headings
- Motor Activity
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Majority NormBehavioural
Participants receive information about exercise norms that apply to the majority of the population but are given no information about trends in this norm.
Trending Minority NormBehavioural
Participants receive information about exercise norms that apply to the minority of the population and have recently been trending up.
Minority NormBehavioural
Participants receive information about exercise norms that apply to the minority of the population but are given no information about trends in this norm.
ControlBehavioural
Participants receive information about exercise that is unrelated to social norms or trends in social norms.
Trending Majority NormBehavioural
Participants receive information about exercise norms that apply to the majority of the population and have recently been trending up.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Trending majority norm | Experimental | Participants receive information about exercise-related norms that apply to the majority of the population and are told this norm has been increasing recently. Receives: Behavioral: Trending Majority Norm |
| Non-trending majority norm | Experimental | Participants receive information about exercise-related norms that apply to the majority of the population but are not told about recent trends. Receives: Behavioral: Majority Norm |
| Trending minority norm | Experimental | Participants receive information about exercise-related norms that apply to a minority of the population and are told this norm has been increasing recently Receives: Behavioral: Trending Minority Norm |
| Non-trending minority norm | Experimental | Participants receive information about exercise-related norms that apply to a minority of the population but are not told about recent trends. Receives: Behavioral: Minority Norm |
| Control | Experimental | Participants receive information about exercise unrelated to social norms or recent trends. Receives: Behavioral: Control |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Gym visits per week
Number of times the participant goes to the gym
Measured: During the 28-day intervention period
Gym visits per week
Number of times the participant goes to the gym
Measured: During the 4-weeks post-intervention
Gym visits per week
Number of times the participant goes to the gym
Measured: During the 10-weeks post-intervention
Whether or not a participant visits the gym in a given week
Binary variable capturing whether or not a participant had any gym visits in a given week
Measured: During the 28-day intervention period
Whether or not a participant visits the gym in a given week
Binary variable capturing whether or not a participant had any gym visits in a given week
Measured: During the 4-weeks post-intervention
Whether or not a participant visits the gym in a given week
Binary variable capturing whether or not a participant had any gym visits in a given week
Measured: During the 10-weeks post-intervention
Secondary outcomes (2)
Gym visits per week
Number of times the participant goes to the gym
Measured: During the 52-weeks post-intervention
Whether or not a participant visits the gym in a given week
Binary variable capturing whether or not a participant had any gym visits in a given week
Measured: During the 52-weeks post-intervention
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted14 Aug 2018
- Study start31 Jan 2018
- Primary completion28 Feb 2019
- Study completion28 Feb 2019
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for HealthyStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by University of PennsylvaniaThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Supportive care
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 2,000 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- University of Pennsylvania
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT03627871
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 827107-1237
- Status last verified
- Jun 2020
- First submitted
- 2 Aug 2018
- Last updated
- 11 Jun 2020
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 11 Jun 2020. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Enduring Exercise Habits: Trending Norms
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT03627871
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- 827107-1237
- Conditions
- Healthy
- Keywords
- exercise, social norms, interest in exercising more
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 2,000 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- University of PennsylvaniaUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 31 Jan 2018 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 28 Feb 2019 (actual)
- Study completion
- 28 Feb 2019 (actual)
- First posted
- 14 Aug 2018 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Learning that most people engage in an activity can be a powerful motivator to adoption. But are there instances in which people can similarly find motivation from learning that only a minority of others engage in a behavior? Evidence suggests this may be possible when the message is that the size of the minority has been growing in recent years. In this study, we first examine how gym members' exercise patterns shift when they are informed that the minority versus the majority of (a subpopulation of) other Americans exercise frequently. We also test how gym members are affected by learning that the number of frequent exercisers has increased in recent years.
Detailed description
Gym members register online to participate in a 28-day workout program. Upon registration, participants are assigned to one of five conditions (a 2 x 2 study design plus a control group). Participants are assigned to receive information about majority exercise norms or minority exercise norms, and are informed that these norms are trending up or receive no information about trends in these norms. Participants are then prompted to create a workout schedule. Over the 28-day intervention period, participants are sent text messages with information about exercise depending on their condition (i.e., majority trending exercise norms, majority exercise norms with no information about trends, minority trending exercise norms or minority norms with no information about trends), workout reminders before their scheduled workouts, and weekly emails with additional exercise information related to their assigned condition and their schedule. Participants assigned to the control condition are prompted to create a workout schedule and receive text message reminders, information about exercise that is unrelated to social norms, and weekly emails with exercise information unrelated to social norms or trends and their workout schedule. All participants earn points for participating and for each day that they go to the gym which can be redeemed for an Amazon cash gift card after the end of the intervention period.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Supportive care
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 5
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Trending majority norm | Experimental | Behavioral: Trending Majority NormParticipants receive information about exercise-related norms that apply to the majority of the population and are told this norm has been increasing recently. |
| Non-trending majority norm | Experimental | Behavioral: Majority NormParticipants receive information about exercise-related norms that apply to the majority of the population but are not told about recent trends. |
| Trending minority norm | Experimental | Behavioral: Trending Minority NormParticipants receive information about exercise-related norms that apply to a minority of the population and are told this norm has been increasing recently |
| Non-trending minority norm | Experimental | Behavioral: Minority NormParticipants receive information about exercise-related norms that apply to a minority of the population but are not told about recent trends. |
| Control | Experimental | Behavioral: ControlParticipants receive information about exercise unrelated to social norms or recent trends. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 years and older
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (1 listed)
- Has 24 Hour Fitness gym membership
Key exclusion criteria (1 listed)
- -
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Majority NormParticipants receive information about exercise norms that apply to the majority of the population but are given no information about trends in this norm. | Behavioural | Non-trending majority norm |
| Trending Minority NormParticipants receive information about exercise norms that apply to the minority of the population and have recently been trending up. | Behavioural | Trending minority norm |
| Minority NormParticipants receive information about exercise norms that apply to the minority of the population but are given no information about trends in this norm. | Behavioural | Non-trending minority norm |
| ControlParticipants receive information about exercise that is unrelated to social norms or trends in social norms. | Behavioural | Control |
| Trending Majority NormParticipants receive information about exercise norms that apply to the majority of the population and have recently been trending up. | Behavioural | Trending majority norm |
Primary outcome
Gym visits per week
Time frame: During the 28-day intervention period
Number of times the participant goes to the gym
Gym visits per week
Time frame: During the 4-weeks post-intervention
Number of times the participant goes to the gym
Gym visits per week
Time frame: During the 10-weeks post-intervention
Number of times the participant goes to the gym
Whether or not a participant visits the gym in a given week
Time frame: During the 28-day intervention period
Binary variable capturing whether or not a participant had any gym visits in a given week
Whether or not a participant visits the gym in a given week
Time frame: During the 4-weeks post-intervention
Binary variable capturing whether or not a participant had any gym visits in a given week
Whether or not a participant visits the gym in a given week
Time frame: During the 10-weeks post-intervention
Binary variable capturing whether or not a participant had any gym visits in a given week
2 secondary outcomes
Gym visits per week
Time frame: During the 52-weeks post-intervention
Whether or not a participant visits the gym in a given week
Time frame: During the 52-weeks post-intervention
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 11 Jun 2020.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
The record lists no contact. Use the official record to reach the sponsor.
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Majority Norm, Trending Minority Norm and Minority Norm in people with Healthy, run by University of Pennsylvania at 1 site in United States.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 1 inclusion and 1 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 11 Jun 2020. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Gym visits per week (time frame: During the 28-day intervention period). The study lists 6 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 11 Jun 2020.