Esophageal Squamous Cell CarcinomaPhase 2NCT03660449
Moderately Hypofractionated Conformal Radiation Combined With S-1 for Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
A Phase 2 study testing Moderately hypofractionated conformal radiation combined With S-1 in people with Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma, run by Sun Yat-sen University at 1 site in China.
Trial summary
This Phase II randomized study is to determine the efficacy and toxicities of moderately hypofractionated conformal radiation combined With S-1 for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 75 years
- Conditions the study is for
- Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
- What is being tested?
- Moderately hypofractionated conformal radiation combined With S-1
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 58 participants
- Where
- 1 siteChina
- Study dates
- 1 Oct 2017to 30 Jul 2022
- Phase
- Phase 2
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 75 years
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Histologically confirmed esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
- Inoperable stage II-IVa (UICC 2002; sixth edition), confirmed by contrast enhanced computed tomography,endoscopic ultrasonography, barium esophagram, emission computed tomography and/or positron emission tomography/computed tomography.
- Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status 1-2
- Estimated life expectancy of at least 12 weeks
- Charlson comorbidity index.4
- Adequate bone marrow function: white blood cells grade 0 or 1,absolute neutrophils grade 0 or 1, platelets grade 0, haemoglobin grade 0 or 1
Show all 10Show fewer
- Adequate renal function: creatinine grade 0 or 1
- Adequate liver function: serum bilirubin grade 0 or 1, alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase <2 times of the upper normal limit
- Weight loss.15% during 6 months prior to diagnosis
- Forced expiratory volume second.1L
Who cannot join
- Prior history of malignancy, except for nonmelanoma skin carcinoma or cervical carcinoma in situ
- Previous anti-tumor therapy, including surgery, chemotherapy or radiotherapy
- Contraindication for chemotherapy or radiotherapy
- Malignant pleural or pericardial effusion
- Women in pregnancy or lactation period
- Women who has the probability of pregnancy without contraception
Show all 12Show fewer
- Weight loss≥15% during 3 months prior to diagnosis
- In other clinical trials within 30 days
- Addicted in drugs or alcohol, AIDS patients
- Uncontrollable seizure or psychotic patients without self-control ability
- Severe allergy or idiosyncrasy
- Not suitable for this study judged by researchers
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
Official title: A Prospective, Phase Ⅱ Study of S-1 Plus Moderately Hypofractionated Conformal Radiation for Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
This Phase II randomized study is to determine the efficacy and toxicities of moderately hypofractionated conformal radiation combined With S-1 for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
Read the detailed description
This Phase II randomized study is to determine the efficacy and toxicities of moderately hypofractionated conformal radiation combined With S-1 for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
All patients will receive two cycles of S-1 (40mg/㎡, BID, po) on D1-14, D22-35, combined with thoracic radiotherapy of 60 Gy/24 fractions for GTV and 40 Gy/16 fractions for CTV. The primary end point is progression-free survival, which is the time that passes from the first day of radiotherapy to the date on which disease progresses. Progression-free survival will be calculated and compared using the Kaplan-Meier method.Toxicities will be graded according to CTCAE v. 4.0.
- Conditions
- Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
- Being tested
- Moderately hypofractionated conformal radiation combined With S-1
- Keywords
- Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Hypofractionated Conformal Radiation, S-1
- Medical subject headings
- Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Moderately hypofractionated conformal radiation combined With S-1Combination product
All patients will receive two cycles of S-1 (40mg/㎡, BID, po) on D1-14, D22-35, combined with thoracic radiotherapy of 60 Gy/24 fractions for GTV and 40 Gy/16 fractions for CTV.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Experiment | Experimental | All patients will receive two cycles of S-1 (40mg/㎡, BID, po) on D1-14, D22-35, combined with thoracic radiotherapy of 60 Gy/24 fractions for GTV and 40 Gy/16 fractions for CTV. Receives: Combination Product: Moderately hypofractionated conformal radiation combined With S-1 |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Progression-Free Survival
Measured: 3 years
Secondary outcomes (3)
Overall Survival
Measured: 3 years
rate of grade 3-4 radiation esophagitis
Measured: 1 year
rate of grade 3-4 radiation pneumonitis
Measured: 1 year
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted6 Sep 2018
- Study start1 Oct 2017
- Primary completion30 Jul 2022
- Study completion30 Jul 2022
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (18)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Esophageal Squamous Cell CarcinomaStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by Sun Yat-sen UniversityThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase 2
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Not applicable
- Intervention model
- Single group
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 58 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Hui Liu, Sun Yat-sen University
- Investigators
- Hui Liu, Ph.D, Principal investigator, Sun Yat-sen University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT03660449
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- GASTO-1045
- Status last verified
- Oct 2022
- First submitted
- 4 Sep 2018
- Last updated
- 26 Oct 2022
- Results posted
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
Cooper JS, Guo MD, Herskovic A, Macdonald JS, Martenson JA Jr, Al-Sarraf M, Byhardt R, Russell AH, Beitler JJ, Spencer S, Asbell SO, Graham MV, Leichman LL. Chemoradiotherapy of locally advanced esophageal cancer: long-term follow-up of a prospective randomized trial (RTOG 85-01). Radiation Therapy Oncology Group. JAMA. 1999 May 5;281(17):1623-7. doi: 10.1001/jama.281.17.1623.
PubMed 10235156Minsky BD, Pajak TF, Ginsberg RJ, Pisansky TM, Martenson J, Komaki R, Okawara G, Rosenthal SA, Kelsen DP. INT 0123 (Radiation Therapy Oncology Group 94-05) phase III trial of combined-modality therapy for esophageal cancer: high-dose versus standard-dose radiation therapy. J Clin Oncol. 2002 Mar 1;20(5):1167-74. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2002.20.5.1167.
PubMed 11870157Gaspar LE, Winter K, Kocha WI, Coia LR, Herskovic A, Graham M. A phase I/II study of external beam radiation, brachytherapy, and concurrent chemotherapy for patients with localized carcinoma of the esophagus (Radiation Therapy Oncology Group Study 9207): final report. Cancer. 2000 Mar 1;88(5):988-95.
PubMed 10699886Fan TY, Xing J, Lu J, Liu TH, Xu M, Zhang YJ, Shao Q, Li JB, Yu JM. Phase I/II study of induction chemotherapy plus concurrent chemotherapy and SMART-IMRT-based radiotherapy in locoregionally-advanced nasopharyngeal cancer. Oncol Lett. 2013 Mar;5(3):889-895. doi: 10.3892/ol.2013.1137. Epub 2013 Jan 15.
PubMed 23426016Koom WS, Kim TH, Shin KH, Pyo HR, Kim JY, Kim DY, Yoon M, Park SY, Lee DH, Ryu JS, Jung YS, Lee SH, Cho KH. SMART (simultaneous modulated accelerated radiotherapy) for locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinomas. Head Neck. 2008 Feb;30(2):159-69. doi: 10.1002/hed.20667.
PubMed 17764088Butler EB, Teh BS, Grant WH 3rd, Uhl BM, Kuppersmith RB, Chiu JK, Donovan DT, Woo SY. Smart (simultaneous modulated accelerated radiation therapy) boost: a new accelerated fractionation schedule for the treatment of head and neck cancer with intensity modulated radiotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1999 Aug 1;45(1):21-32. doi: 10.1016/s0360-3016(99)00101-7.
PubMed 10477002Welsh J, Palmer MB, Ajani JA, Liao Z, Swisher SG, Hofstetter WL, Allen PK, Settle SH, Gomez D, Likhacheva A, Cox JD, Komaki R. Esophageal cancer dose escalation using a simultaneous integrated boost technique. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2012 Jan 1;82(1):468-74. doi: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2010.10.023. Epub 2010 Dec 1.
PubMed 21123005Porceddu SV, Rosser B, Burmeister BH, Jones M, Hickey B, Baumann K, Gogna K, Pullar A, Poulsen M, Holt T. Hypofractionated radiotherapy for the palliation of advanced head and neck cancer in patients unsuitable for curative treatment--"Hypo Trial". Radiother Oncol. 2007 Dec;85(3):456-62. doi: 10.1016/j.radonc.2007.10.020. Epub 2007 Nov 26.
PubMed 18036689Agarwal JP, Nemade B, Murthy V, Ghosh-Laskar S, Budrukkar A, Gupta T, D'Cruz A, Pai P, Chaturvedi P, Dinshaw K. Hypofractionated, palliative radiotherapy for advanced head and neck cancer. Radiother Oncol. 2008 Oct;89(1):51-6. doi: 10.1016/j.radonc.2008.06.007. Epub 2008 Jul 21.
PubMed 18649963Hama Y, Uematsu M, Shioda A, Suda A, Aida S, Kusano S. Severe complications after hypofractionated high dose rate intracavitary brachytherapy following external beam irradiation for oesophageal carcinoma. Br J Radiol. 2002 Mar;75(891):238-42. doi: 10.1259/bjr.75.891.750238.
PubMed 11932217Aggarwal A, Harrison M, Glynne-Jones R, Sinha-ray R, Cooper D, Hoskin PJ. Combination external beam radiotherapy and intraluminal brachytherapy for non-radical treatment of oesophageal carcinoma in patients not suitable for surgery or chemoradiation. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol). 2015 Jan;27(1):56-64. doi: 10.1016/j.clon.2014.09.001. Epub 2014 Oct 11.
PubMed 25306490Song YP, Ma JB, Hu LK, Zhou W, Chen EC, Zhang W. Phase I/II study of hypofractioned radiation with three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy for clinical T3-4N0-1M0 stage esophageal carcinoma. Technol Cancer Res Treat. 2011 Feb;10(1):25-30. doi: 10.7785/tcrt.2012.500176.
PubMed 21214285Ma JB, Wei L, Chen EC, Qin G, Song YP, Chen XM, Hao CG. Moderately hypofractionated conformal radiation treatment of thoracic esophageal carcinoma. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2012;13(8):4163-7. doi: 10.7314/apjcp.2012.13.8.4163.
PubMed 23098423Sato Y, Takayama T, Sagawa T, Okamoto T, Miyanishi K, Sato T, Araki H, Iyama S, Abe S, Murase K, Takimoto R, Nagakura H, Hareyama M, Kato J, Niitsu Y. A phase I/II study of nedaplatin and 5-fluorouracil with concurrent radiotherapy in patients with esophageal cancer. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 2006 Nov;58(5):570-6. doi: 10.1007/s00280-006-0193-x. Epub 2006 Feb 4.
PubMed 16463059Kodaira T, Fuwa N, Kamata M, Furutani K, Tachibana H, Yamazaki T. Single-institute phase I/II trial of alternating chemoradiotherapy with 5-FU and nedaplatin for esophageal carcinoma. Anticancer Res. 2006 Jan-Feb;26(1B):471-8.
PubMed 16739307
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 26 Oct 2022. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- A Prospective, Phase Ⅱ Study of S-1 Plus Moderately Hypofractionated Conformal Radiation for Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT03660449
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- GASTO-1045
- Conditions
- Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
- Keywords
- Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Hypofractionated Conformal Radiation, S-1
- Phase
- Phase 2
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 58 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Sun Yat-sen UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 1 Oct 2017 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 30 Jul 2022 (actual)
- Study completion
- 30 Jul 2022 (actual)
- First posted
- 6 Sep 2018 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
This Phase II randomized study is to determine the efficacy and toxicities of moderately hypofractionated conformal radiation combined With S-1 for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
Detailed description
This Phase II randomized study is to determine the efficacy and toxicities of moderately hypofractionated conformal radiation combined With S-1 for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
All patients will receive two cycles of S-1 (40mg/㎡, BID, po) on D1-14, D22-35, combined with thoracic radiotherapy of 60 Gy/24 fractions for GTV and 40 Gy/16 fractions for CTV. The primary end point is progression-free survival, which is the time that passes from the first day of radiotherapy to the date on which disease progresses. Progression-free survival will be calculated and compared using the Kaplan-Meier method.Toxicities will be graded according to CTCAE v. 4.0.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Not applicable
- Intervention model
- Single group
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 1
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Experiment | Experimental | Combination Product: Moderately hypofractionated conformal radiation combined With S-1All patients will receive two cycles of S-1 (40mg/㎡, BID, po) on D1-14, D22-35, combined with thoracic radiotherapy of 60 Gy/24 fractions for GTV and 40 Gy/16 fractions for CTV. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 75 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (10 listed)
- Histologically confirmed esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
- Inoperable stage II-IVa (UICC 2002; sixth edition), confirmed by contrast enhanced computed tomography,endoscopic ultrasonography, barium esophagram, emission computed tomography and/or positron emission tomography/computed tomography.
- Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status 1-2
- Estimated life expectancy of at least 12 weeks
- Charlson comorbidity index.4
Key exclusion criteria (12 listed)
- Prior history of malignancy, except for nonmelanoma skin carcinoma or cervical carcinoma in situ
- Previous anti-tumor therapy, including surgery, chemotherapy or radiotherapy
- Contraindication for chemotherapy or radiotherapy
- Malignant pleural or pericardial effusion
- Women in pregnancy or lactation period
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Moderately hypofractionated conformal radiation combined With S-1All patients will receive two cycles of S-1 (40mg/㎡, BID, po) on D1-14, D22-35, combined with thoracic radiotherapy of 60 Gy/24 fractions for GTV and 40 Gy/16 fractions for CTV. | Combination product | Experiment |
Primary outcome
Progression-Free Survival
Time frame: 3 years
3 secondary outcomes
Overall Survival
Time frame: 3 years
rate of grade 3-4 radiation esophagitis
Time frame: 1 year
rate of grade 3-4 radiation pneumonitis
Time frame: 1 year
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 26 Oct 2022.
- Background: PubMed 10235156Cooper JS, Guo MD, Herskovic A, Macdonald JS, Martenson JA Jr, Al-Sarraf M, Byhardt R, Russell AH, Beitler JJ, Spencer S, Asbell SO, Graham MV, Leichman LL. Chemoradiotherapy of locally advanced esophageal cancer: long-term follow-up of a prospective randomized trial (RTOG 85-01). Radiation Therapy Oncology Group. JAMA. 1999 May 5;281(17):1623-7. doi: 10.1001/jama.281.17.1623.
- Background: PubMed 11870157Minsky BD, Pajak TF, Ginsberg RJ, Pisansky TM, Martenson J, Komaki R, Okawara G, Rosenthal SA, Kelsen DP. INT 0123 (Radiation Therapy Oncology Group 94-05) phase III trial of combined-modality therapy for esophageal cancer: high-dose versus standard-dose radiation therapy. J Clin Oncol. 2002 Mar 1;20(5):1167-74. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2002.20.5.1167.
- Background: PubMed 10699886Gaspar LE, Winter K, Kocha WI, Coia LR, Herskovic A, Graham M. A phase I/II study of external beam radiation, brachytherapy, and concurrent chemotherapy for patients with localized carcinoma of the esophagus (Radiation Therapy Oncology Group Study 9207): final report. Cancer. 2000 Mar 1;88(5):988-95.
- Background: PubMed 23426016Fan TY, Xing J, Lu J, Liu TH, Xu M, Zhang YJ, Shao Q, Li JB, Yu JM. Phase I/II study of induction chemotherapy plus concurrent chemotherapy and SMART-IMRT-based radiotherapy in locoregionally-advanced nasopharyngeal cancer. Oncol Lett. 2013 Mar;5(3):889-895. doi: 10.3892/ol.2013.1137. Epub 2013 Jan 15.
- Background: PubMed 17764088Koom WS, Kim TH, Shin KH, Pyo HR, Kim JY, Kim DY, Yoon M, Park SY, Lee DH, Ryu JS, Jung YS, Lee SH, Cho KH. SMART (simultaneous modulated accelerated radiotherapy) for locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinomas. Head Neck. 2008 Feb;30(2):159-69. doi: 10.1002/hed.20667.
- Background: PubMed 10477002Butler EB, Teh BS, Grant WH 3rd, Uhl BM, Kuppersmith RB, Chiu JK, Donovan DT, Woo SY. Smart (simultaneous modulated accelerated radiation therapy) boost: a new accelerated fractionation schedule for the treatment of head and neck cancer with intensity modulated radiotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1999 Aug 1;45(1):21-32. doi: 10.1016/s0360-3016(99)00101-7.
- Background: PubMed 21123005Welsh J, Palmer MB, Ajani JA, Liao Z, Swisher SG, Hofstetter WL, Allen PK, Settle SH, Gomez D, Likhacheva A, Cox JD, Komaki R. Esophageal cancer dose escalation using a simultaneous integrated boost technique. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2012 Jan 1;82(1):468-74. doi: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2010.10.023. Epub 2010 Dec 1.
- Background: PubMed 18036689Porceddu SV, Rosser B, Burmeister BH, Jones M, Hickey B, Baumann K, Gogna K, Pullar A, Poulsen M, Holt T. Hypofractionated radiotherapy for the palliation of advanced head and neck cancer in patients unsuitable for curative treatment--"Hypo Trial". Radiother Oncol. 2007 Dec;85(3):456-62. doi: 10.1016/j.radonc.2007.10.020. Epub 2007 Nov 26.
- Background: PubMed 18649963Agarwal JP, Nemade B, Murthy V, Ghosh-Laskar S, Budrukkar A, Gupta T, D'Cruz A, Pai P, Chaturvedi P, Dinshaw K. Hypofractionated, palliative radiotherapy for advanced head and neck cancer. Radiother Oncol. 2008 Oct;89(1):51-6. doi: 10.1016/j.radonc.2008.06.007. Epub 2008 Jul 21.
- Background: PubMed 11932217Hama Y, Uematsu M, Shioda A, Suda A, Aida S, Kusano S. Severe complications after hypofractionated high dose rate intracavitary brachytherapy following external beam irradiation for oesophageal carcinoma. Br J Radiol. 2002 Mar;75(891):238-42. doi: 10.1259/bjr.75.891.750238.
- Background: PubMed 25306490Aggarwal A, Harrison M, Glynne-Jones R, Sinha-ray R, Cooper D, Hoskin PJ. Combination external beam radiotherapy and intraluminal brachytherapy for non-radical treatment of oesophageal carcinoma in patients not suitable for surgery or chemoradiation. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol). 2015 Jan;27(1):56-64. doi: 10.1016/j.clon.2014.09.001. Epub 2014 Oct 11.
- Background: PubMed 21214285Song YP, Ma JB, Hu LK, Zhou W, Chen EC, Zhang W. Phase I/II study of hypofractioned radiation with three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy for clinical T3-4N0-1M0 stage esophageal carcinoma. Technol Cancer Res Treat. 2011 Feb;10(1):25-30. doi: 10.7785/tcrt.2012.500176.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
Related trials for Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
RecruitingObservational study
Multicenter Prospective Cohort on Esophageal Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection
Superficial Esophageal Cancer, Oesophageal Adenocarcinoma
RecruitingPhase 2
At-Home Cancer Directed Therapy Versus in Clinic for the Treatment of Patients With Advanced Cancer
Advanced Anal Carcinoma, Advanced Biliary Tract Carcinoma
RecruitingPhase 1
A Study to Learn About the Study Medicine Called PF-08046876 in People With Advanced Solid Tumors
Advanced/Metastatic Solid Tumors, Bladder Cancer
Recruiting
Individually Tailored, Supervised, Remote Exercise Intervention to Improve Physical Function for Stage I-III Gastroesophageal Cancer Survivors, PRECISE Trial
Clinical Stage I Esophageal Adenocarcinoma American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) v8, Clinical Stage I Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma AJCC v8
Not yet recruitingObservational study
Standardized Management of Esophageal Fistula in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma (ESCC), Esophageal Fistula
Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Hui Liu, Ph.D principal investigator
Sun Yat-sen University
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A Phase 2 study testing Moderately hypofractionated conformal radiation combined With S-1 in people with Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma, run by Sun Yat-sen University at 1 site in China.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 10 inclusion and 12 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 26 Oct 2022. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in China. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
What does this phase mean?
Phase 2 studies give the treatment to a larger group to see whether it has the intended effect and to keep checking safety.
Not every study follows the same path, and some studies (observational studies, device studies) have no phase.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Progression-Free Survival (time frame: 3 years). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT03660449, which also lists 18 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 26 Oct 2022.