Acute Respiratory Tract InfectionNCT03674775
Reducing Antibiotic Prescribing in Family Practice
A study testing DART QI Program Participation in people with Acute Respiratory Tract Infection, run by Seattle Children's Hospital.
Trial summary
Antibiotic prescribing for childhood acute respiratory tract infections (ARTIs), including acute otitis media (AOM), pharyngitis, sinusitis, bronchitis, and upper respiratory infection (URI), is common in the United States (US). Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 6 months and older
- Conditions the study is for
- Acute Respiratory Tract Infection
- What is being tested?
- DART QI Program Participation
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 180 participants
- Where
- No sites listed yet
- Study dates
- Jul 2022to Jun 2026
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 6 months and older
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Child, Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Children or adults with acute respiratory tract infections (ARTIs) defined as bacterial (acute otitis media [AOM], pharyngitis, and sinusitis) or viral (bronchitis and viral upper respiratory infection [URI]) based on their common etiologies.
- Seven months old and older
Who cannot join
- 1. 0 - 6 months old
Trial locations and contacts
No sites are listed yet.
About this study
Official title: Dialogue Around Respiratory Illness Treatment for Family Practice (DART -FP)
Antibiotic prescribing for childhood acute respiratory tract infections (ARTIs), including acute otitis media (AOM), pharyngitis, sinusitis, bronchitis, and upper respiratory infection (URI), is common in the United States (US). In the outpatient setting, more than 50% of children diagnosed with ARTIs receive antibiotic prescriptions. Considering that the estimated US prevalence of pediatric bacterial ARTIs is 27% (with the remainder of ARTIs caused by viruses) this represents a substantial degree of antibiotic overuse nationwide. Another troubling trend in antibiotic prescribing for ARTIs in children is the increased reliance on broad-spectrum, second-line agents for bacterial ARTIs. Unwarranted use of antibiotics, especially broad-spectrum agents, has been associated with increased resistance among several strains of bacteria that commonly cause ARTIs, posing risks to both individuals and communities.
Read the detailed description
Provider-parent communication during ARTI visits often drives unwarranted antibiotic prescribing. Dr. Mangione-Smith (proposed principal investigator) and colleagues developed a quality improvement (QI) intervention for pediatric providers called the Dialogue Around Respiratory Illness Treatment (DART) program. The DART QI program is a multifaceted, web-based intervention that is delivered asynchronously over a 9-month period and takes a total of 2 hours to complete. DART's content is based on over a decade of observational research conducted by Mangione-Smith et al focused on optimizing provider-parent communication during pediatric ARTI visits in order to reduce unnecessary antibiotic prescribing while still maintaining parent satisfaction with care.[cites] The DART program also includes content related to evidence-based antibiotic prescribing with a particular focus on reducing the use of second-line, broad-spectrum antibiotics for bacterial ARTIs.
Under funding from the Eunice Kennedy National Institute for Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), the investigators recently conducted a trial of the DART QI program with 55 providers from 20 practices belonging to one of two pediatric practice-based research networks: the Pediatric Research in Office Settings (PROS) and NorthShore University Health System networks. Exposure to the DART QI program resulted in an proportional decrease from for overall antibiotic prescribing rates for ARTIs and a proportional decrease from for the use of second-line antibiotics for bacterial ARTIs comparing the baseline to the post-intervention periods.
The DART QI Program represents a new, innovative tool to address antibiotic over-use for ARTIs in the pediatric outpatient setting. However, it is unclear whether the program will be effective when disseminated to the family practice clinical setting where 23% of children receive their acute illness care nationally. It is also unclear how exposure to the communication strategies outlined in the DART QI program may influence provider-patient communication during adult encounters for ARTI.
- Conditions
- Acute Respiratory Tract Infection
- Being tested
- DART QI Program Participation
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
DART QI Program ParticipationOther
Antibiotic prescribing data will be collected at multiple time points both before and after the initiation of the intervention.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Intervention Group Providers | Active comparator | DART QI Program Participation Receives: Other: DART QI Program Participation |
| Control Group Providers | No intervention | Usual Care |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Overall antibiotic prescribing rates for pediatric and adult ARTIs.
The primary outcome of overall antibiotic prescribing rates for ARTIs will be assessed by calculating the number of eligible ARTI visits occurring within a measurement period (measure denominator) where antibiotics were prescribed (numerator). This outcome will be assessed separately for the eligible pediatric (6 months to 17 years-old) and adult (> 18 years-old) patients.
Measured: The primary outcomewill be collected for all participating providers (both intervention and control) during a 30-month period beginning with baseline data collection.
Secondary outcomes (2)
First-line antibiotic prescribing rates for pediatric and adult bacterial ARTIs.
The secondary outcome of first-line antibiotic prescribing rates for bacterial ARTIs will be assessed by calculating the number of eligible bacterial ARTI visits occurring within a measurement period (measure denominator) where first-line antibiotics were prescribed (numerator). This outcome will be assessed separately for the eligible pediatric (6 months to 17 years-old) and adult (> 18 years-old) patients.
Measured: The secondary outcome will be collected for all participating providers (both intervention and control) during a 30-month period beginning with baseline data collection.
Net cost of delivering the DART QI program
The net cost of delivering the intervention will be calculated as the difference between the total costs (sum of antibiotic prescription, intervention delivery, and return visit utilization costs) in the intervention and control groups.
Measured: This outcome will be collected for all participating providers (both intervention and control) during a 30-month period beginning with baseline data collection.
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted18 Sep 2018
- Study startJul 2022 (estimated)
- Primary completionJan 2025 (estimated)
- Study completionJun 2026 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (46)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Acute Respiratory Tract InfectionStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Model description
- cluster randomized control trial
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 180 participants (estimated)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Seattle Children's Hospital
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Rita Mangione-Smith, Seattle Children's Hospital
- Investigators
- Rita Mangione-Smith, MD, MPH, Principal investigator, Seattle Children's Hospital
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT03674775
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 371934
- Status last verified
- Sep 2019
- First submitted
- 6 Sep 2018
- Last updated
- 19 Sep 2019
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- Yes
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
Grijalva CG, Nuorti JP, Griffin MR. Antibiotic prescription rates for acute respiratory tract infections in US ambulatory settings. JAMA. 2009 Aug 19;302(7):758-66. doi: 10.1001/jama.2009.1163.
PubMed 19690308Hersh AL, Shapiro DJ, Pavia AT, Shah SS. Antibiotic prescribing in ambulatory pediatrics in the United States. Pediatrics. 2011 Dec;128(6):1053-61. doi: 10.1542/peds.2011-1337. Epub 2011 Nov 7.
PubMed 22065263Kronman MP, Zhou C, Mangione-Smith R. Bacterial prevalence and antimicrobial prescribing trends for acute respiratory tract infections. Pediatrics. 2014 Oct;134(4):e956-65. doi: 10.1542/peds.2014-0605. Epub 2014 Sep 15.
PubMed 25225144Fleming-Dutra KE, Hersh AL, Shapiro DJ, Bartoces M, Enns EA, File TM Jr, Finkelstein JA, Gerber JS, Hyun DY, Linder JA, Lynfield R, Margolis DJ, May LS, Merenstein D, Metlay JP, Newland JG, Piccirillo JF, Roberts RM, Sanchez GV, Suda KJ, Thomas A, Woo TM, Zetts RM, Hicks LA. Prevalence of Inappropriate Antibiotic Prescriptions Among US Ambulatory Care Visits, 2010-2011. JAMA. 2016 May 3;315(17):1864-73. doi: 10.1001/jama.2016.4151.
PubMed 27139059Chung A, Perera R, Brueggemann AB, Elamin AE, Harnden A, Mayon-White R, Smith S, Crook DW, Mant D. Effect of antibiotic prescribing on antibiotic resistance in individual children in primary care: prospective cohort study. BMJ. 2007 Sep 1;335(7617):429. doi: 10.1136/bmj.39274.647465.BE. Epub 2007 Jul 26.
PubMed 17656505Costelloe C, Metcalfe C, Lovering A, Mant D, Hay AD. Effect of antibiotic prescribing in primary care on antimicrobial resistance in individual patients: systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ. 2010 May 18;340:c2096. doi: 10.1136/bmj.c2096.
PubMed 20483949Goossens H, Ferech M, Vander Stichele R, Elseviers M; ESAC Project Group. Outpatient antibiotic use in Europe and association with resistance: a cross-national database study. Lancet. 2005 Feb 12-18;365(9459):579-87. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(05)17907-0.
PubMed 15708101Michaelidis CI, Fine MJ, Lin CJ, Linder JA, Nowalk MP, Shields RK, Zimmerman RK, Smith KJ. The hidden societal cost of antibiotic resistance per antibiotic prescribed in the United States: an exploratory analysis. BMC Infect Dis. 2016 Nov 8;16(1):655. doi: 10.1186/s12879-016-1990-4.
PubMed 27825306Centers for Disaese Control and Prevention Antibiotic resistance threats in the United States, 2013. 2013; http://www.cdc.gov/drugresistance/threat Accessed July 25, 2018.
Vaz LE, Kleinman KP, Raebel MA, Nordin JD, Lakoma MD, Dutta-Linn MM, Finkelstein JA. Recent trends in outpatient antibiotic use in children. Pediatrics. 2014 Mar;133(3):375-85. doi: 10.1542/peds.2013-2903. Epub 2014 Feb 2.
PubMed 24488744Shapiro DJ, Hicks LA, Pavia AT, Hersh AL. Antibiotic prescribing for adults in ambulatory care in the USA, 2007-09. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2014 Jan;69(1):234-40. doi: 10.1093/jac/dkt301. Epub 2013 Jul 25.
PubMed 23887867Mangione-Smith R, McGlynn EA, Elliott MN, McDonald L, Franz CE, Kravitz RL. Parent expectations for antibiotics, physician-parent communication, and satisfaction. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2001 Jul;155(7):800-6. doi: 10.1001/archpedi.155.7.800.
PubMed 11434847Mangione-Smith R, Elliott MN, Stivers T, McDonald LL, Heritage J. Ruling out the need for antibiotics: are we sending the right message? Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2006 Sep;160(9):945-52. doi: 10.1001/archpedi.160.9.945.
PubMed 16953018Mangione-Smith R, Zhou C, Robinson JD, Taylor JA, Elliott MN, Heritage J. Communication practices and antibiotic use for acute respiratory tract infections in children. Ann Fam Med. 2015 May-Jun;13(3):221-7. doi: 10.1370/afm.1785.
PubMed 25964399Gerber JS, Prasad PA, Fiks AG, Localio AR, Grundmeier RW, Bell LM, Wasserman RC, Keren R, Zaoutis TE. Effect of an outpatient antimicrobial stewardship intervention on broad-spectrum antibiotic prescribing by primary care pediatricians: a randomized trial. JAMA. 2013 Jun 12;309(22):2345-52. doi: 10.1001/jama.2013.6287.
PubMed 23757082
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 19 Sep 2019. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Dialogue Around Respiratory Illness Treatment for Family Practice (DART -FP)
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT03674775
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- 371934
- Conditions
- Acute Respiratory Tract Infection
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Unknown status
- Enrolment
- 180 participants (estimated)
- Lead sponsor
- Seattle Children's HospitalUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- Jul 2022 (estimated)
- Primary completion
- Jan 2025 (estimated)
- Study completion
- Jun 2026 (estimated)
- First posted
- 18 Sep 2018 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Antibiotic prescribing for childhood acute respiratory tract infections (ARTIs), including acute otitis media (AOM), pharyngitis, sinusitis, bronchitis, and upper respiratory infection (URI), is common in the United States (US). In the outpatient setting, more than 50% of children diagnosed with ARTIs receive antibiotic prescriptions. Considering that the estimated US prevalence of pediatric bacterial ARTIs is 27% (with the remainder of ARTIs caused by viruses) this represents a substantial degree of antibiotic overuse nationwide. Another troubling trend in antibiotic prescribing for ARTIs in children is the increased reliance on broad-spectrum, second-line agents for bacterial ARTIs. Unwarranted use of antibiotics, especially broad-spectrum agents, has been associated with increased resistance among several strains of bacteria that commonly cause ARTIs, posing risks to both individuals and communities.
Detailed description
Provider-parent communication during ARTI visits often drives unwarranted antibiotic prescribing. Dr. Mangione-Smith (proposed principal investigator) and colleagues developed a quality improvement (QI) intervention for pediatric providers called the Dialogue Around Respiratory Illness Treatment (DART) program. The DART QI program is a multifaceted, web-based intervention that is delivered asynchronously over a 9-month period and takes a total of 2 hours to complete. DART's content is based on over a decade of observational research conducted by Mangione-Smith et al focused on optimizing provider-parent communication during pediatric ARTI visits in order to reduce unnecessary antibiotic prescribing while still maintaining parent satisfaction with care.[cites] The DART program also includes content related to evidence-based antibiotic prescribing with a particular focus on reducing the use of second-line, broad-spectrum antibiotics for bacterial ARTIs.
Under funding from the Eunice Kennedy National Institute for Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), the investigators recently conducted a trial of the DART QI program with 55 providers from 20 practices belonging to one of two pediatric practice-based research networks: the Pediatric Research in Office Settings (PROS) and NorthShore University Health System networks. Exposure to the DART QI program resulted in an proportional decrease from for overall antibiotic prescribing rates for ARTIs and a proportional decrease from for the use of second-line antibiotics for bacterial ARTIs comparing the baseline to the post-intervention periods.
The DART QI Program represents a new, innovative tool to address antibiotic over-use for ARTIs in the pediatric outpatient setting. However, it is unclear whether the program will be effective when disseminated to the family practice clinical setting where 23% of children receive their acute illness care nationally. It is also unclear how exposure to the communication strategies outlined in the DART QI program may influence provider-patient communication during adult encounters for ARTI.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 2
- Model description
- cluster randomized control trial
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Intervention Group Providers | Active comparator | Other: DART QI Program ParticipationDART QI Program Participation |
| Control Group Providers | No intervention | –Usual Care |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 6 months and older
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Child, Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (2 listed)
- Children or adults with acute respiratory tract infections (ARTIs) defined as bacterial (acute otitis media [AOM], pharyngitis, and sinusitis) or viral (bronchitis and viral upper respiratory infection [URI]) based on their common etiologies.
- Seven months old and older
Key exclusion criteria (1 listed)
- 1. 0 - 6 months old
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| DART QI Program ParticipationAntibiotic prescribing data will be collected at multiple time points both before and after the initiation of the intervention. | Other | Intervention Group Providers |
Primary outcome
Overall antibiotic prescribing rates for pediatric and adult ARTIs.
Time frame: The primary outcomewill be collected for all participating providers (both intervention and control) during a 30-month period beginning with baseline data collection.
The primary outcome of overall antibiotic prescribing rates for ARTIs will be assessed by calculating the number of eligible ARTI visits occurring within a measurement period (measure denominator) where antibiotics were prescribed (numerator). This outcome will be assessed separately for the eligible pediatric (6 months to 17 years-old) and adult (> 18 years-old) patients.
2 secondary outcomes
First-line antibiotic prescribing rates for pediatric and adult bacterial ARTIs.
Time frame: The secondary outcome will be collected for all participating providers (both intervention and control) during a 30-month period beginning with baseline data collection.
Net cost of delivering the DART QI program
Time frame: This outcome will be collected for all participating providers (both intervention and control) during a 30-month period beginning with baseline data collection.
Results and safety
Results are not available in the source record.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 19 Sep 2019.
- Background: PubMed 19690308Grijalva CG, Nuorti JP, Griffin MR. Antibiotic prescription rates for acute respiratory tract infections in US ambulatory settings. JAMA. 2009 Aug 19;302(7):758-66. doi: 10.1001/jama.2009.1163.
- Background: PubMed 22065263Hersh AL, Shapiro DJ, Pavia AT, Shah SS. Antibiotic prescribing in ambulatory pediatrics in the United States. Pediatrics. 2011 Dec;128(6):1053-61. doi: 10.1542/peds.2011-1337. Epub 2011 Nov 7.
- Background: PubMed 25225144Kronman MP, Zhou C, Mangione-Smith R. Bacterial prevalence and antimicrobial prescribing trends for acute respiratory tract infections. Pediatrics. 2014 Oct;134(4):e956-65. doi: 10.1542/peds.2014-0605. Epub 2014 Sep 15.
- Background: PubMed 27139059Fleming-Dutra KE, Hersh AL, Shapiro DJ, Bartoces M, Enns EA, File TM Jr, Finkelstein JA, Gerber JS, Hyun DY, Linder JA, Lynfield R, Margolis DJ, May LS, Merenstein D, Metlay JP, Newland JG, Piccirillo JF, Roberts RM, Sanchez GV, Suda KJ, Thomas A, Woo TM, Zetts RM, Hicks LA. Prevalence of Inappropriate Antibiotic Prescriptions Among US Ambulatory Care Visits, 2010-2011. JAMA. 2016 May 3;315(17):1864-73. doi: 10.1001/jama.2016.4151.
- Background: PubMed 17656505Chung A, Perera R, Brueggemann AB, Elamin AE, Harnden A, Mayon-White R, Smith S, Crook DW, Mant D. Effect of antibiotic prescribing on antibiotic resistance in individual children in primary care: prospective cohort study. BMJ. 2007 Sep 1;335(7617):429. doi: 10.1136/bmj.39274.647465.BE. Epub 2007 Jul 26.
- Background: PubMed 20483949Costelloe C, Metcalfe C, Lovering A, Mant D, Hay AD. Effect of antibiotic prescribing in primary care on antimicrobial resistance in individual patients: systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ. 2010 May 18;340:c2096. doi: 10.1136/bmj.c2096.
- Background: PubMed 15708101Goossens H, Ferech M, Vander Stichele R, Elseviers M; ESAC Project Group. Outpatient antibiotic use in Europe and association with resistance: a cross-national database study. Lancet. 2005 Feb 12-18;365(9459):579-87. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(05)17907-0.
- Background: PubMed 27825306Michaelidis CI, Fine MJ, Lin CJ, Linder JA, Nowalk MP, Shields RK, Zimmerman RK, Smith KJ. The hidden societal cost of antibiotic resistance per antibiotic prescribed in the United States: an exploratory analysis. BMC Infect Dis. 2016 Nov 8;16(1):655. doi: 10.1186/s12879-016-1990-4.
- BackgroundCenters for Disaese Control and Prevention Antibiotic resistance threats in the United States, 2013. 2013; http://www.cdc.gov/drugresistance/threat Accessed July 25, 2018.
- Background: PubMed 24488744Vaz LE, Kleinman KP, Raebel MA, Nordin JD, Lakoma MD, Dutta-Linn MM, Finkelstein JA. Recent trends in outpatient antibiotic use in children. Pediatrics. 2014 Mar;133(3):375-85. doi: 10.1542/peds.2013-2903. Epub 2014 Feb 2.
- Background: PubMed 23887867Shapiro DJ, Hicks LA, Pavia AT, Hersh AL. Antibiotic prescribing for adults in ambulatory care in the USA, 2007-09. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2014 Jan;69(1):234-40. doi: 10.1093/jac/dkt301. Epub 2013 Jul 25.
- Background: PubMed 11434847Mangione-Smith R, McGlynn EA, Elliott MN, McDonald L, Franz CE, Kravitz RL. Parent expectations for antibiotics, physician-parent communication, and satisfaction. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2001 Jul;155(7):800-6. doi: 10.1001/archpedi.155.7.800.
- Mangione-Smith R. Dialogue Around Respiratory Treatment (DART). 2018; Accessed 07/31/18.Link provided by the sponsor.
- CMS Physician Fee Schedule. Accessed 9/14/18.Link provided by the sponsor.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Rita Mangione-Smith, MD, MPH principal investigator
Seattle Children's Hospital
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing DART QI Program Participation in people with Acute Respiratory Tract Infection, run by Seattle Children's Hospital.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 2 inclusion and 1 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: status not confirmed, as of the sponsor's last update on 19 Sep 2019. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
Results are not available in the source record.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
Contact Rita Mangione-Smith, MD, MPH (206-884-8242, Rita.Mangione-Smith@seattlechildrens.org), or a site near the patient. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Overall antibiotic prescribing rates for pediatric and adult ARTIs. (time frame: The primary outcomewill be collected for all participating providers (both intervention and control) during a 30-month period beginning with baseline data collection.). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT03674775, which also lists 46 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 19 Sep 2019.