Surveys and QuestionnairesNCT03773146
Use of Airtime Structure to Improve Interactive Voice Response Surveys in Bangladesh and Uganda
A study testing 1X Airtime Incentive and Lottery Airtime Incentive in people with Surveys and Questionnaires and Noncommunicable Diseases, run by Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health at 2 sites in 2 countries.
Trial summary
This study evaluates the effect of three different airtime incentive structures on interactive voice response (IVR) survey cooperation, response, refusal and contact rates, as compared to a control group, in Bangladesh and Uganda. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 years and olderHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Surveys and Questionnaires, Noncommunicable Diseases
- What is being tested?
- 1X Airtime Incentive and Lottery Airtime Incentive
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 4,550 participants
- Where
- 2 sitesin 2 countries
- Study dates
- 26 Mar 2017to 14 Jul 2017
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 years and older
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Access to a mobile phone
- Greater or equal to 18 years of age
- In Bangladesh, conversant in either English or Bangla language. In Uganda, conversant in either Luo, Runyakitara, Luganda or English languages.
Who cannot join
- Less than 18 years of age
Trial locations and contacts
2 sites in 2 countries.
2 sites in 2 countries
Bangladesh1 site
Institute of Epidemiology Disease Control and Research
Dhaka
About this study
Official title: A Randomized Controlled Trial of Varying Airtime Incentive Structure to Improve Interactive Voice Response (IVR) Survey Performance in Bangladesh and Uganda
This study evaluates the effect of three different airtime incentive structures on interactive voice response (IVR) survey cooperation, response, refusal and contact rates, as compared to a control group, in Bangladesh and Uganda.
Read the detailed description
Using random digit dialing (RDD) sampling technologies, participants were randomized to one of three airtime incentive structures contingent on them completing the noncommunicable disease risk factor survey. This mobile phone survey was sent as an interactive voice response (IVR). In IVR surveys, participants use their touch tone key pad to answer pre-recorded questions. (i.e. if you are male, press 1; if you are female, press 2). This study is being conducted in both Bangladesh and Uganda.
- Being tested
- 1X Airtime Incentive, Lottery Airtime Incentive
- Keywords
- mobile phone surveys, interactive voice response, incentive
- Medical subject headings
- Noncommunicable Diseases
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
1X Airtime IncentiveOther
An incentive given in the form of airtime
Lottery Airtime IncentiveOther
An incentive given in the form of airtime
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Control | No intervention | No airtime incentive was given for completing the survey |
| 1X Incentive | Experimental | 1X Airtime Incentive Receives: Other: 1X Airtime Incentive |
| Lottery | Experimental | Lottery Airtime Incentive Receives: Other: Lottery Airtime Incentive |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Cooperation Rate #1
As defined by American Association for Public Opinion Research, cooperation rate is defined as I/(I+P+R) where I is complete interviews, P is partial interviews, R is refusals and breakoffs
Measured: Through study completion, an average of one month
Response Rate #4
As defined by American Association for Public Opinion Research, response rate is defined as (I+P)/ (I+P+R+eU) where I is complete interview, P is partial interview, R is refusals and breakoffs, and eU is the estimated eligible proportion of unknowns
Measured: Through study completion, an average of one month
Secondary outcomes (2)
Refusal Rate #2
As defined by American Association for Public Opinion Research, refusal rate is defined as R/(I+P+R+eU) where R is refusals and breakoffs, I is complete interview, P is partial interview, and eU is the estimated eligible proportion of unknowns
Measured: Through study completion, an average of one month
Contact Rate #2
As defined by American Association for Public Opinion Research, contact rate is defined as (I+P+R)/ (I+P+R+eU) where I is complete interview, P is partial interview, R is refusals and breakoffs, and eU is the estimated eligible proportion of unknowns
Measured: Through study completion, an average of one month
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted12 Dec 2018
- Study start26 Mar 2017
- Primary completion14 Jul 2017
- Study completion14 Jul 2017
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (5)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Surveys and QuestionnairesStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public HealthThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Other
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Model description
- Participants were randomized to one of three airtime incentive structures: 1) no incentive; 2) a fixed 1X incentive for all participants who completed the noncommunicable disease risk factor survey; or 3) a lottery incentive (10-20 times larger than the fixed incentive) given to 1 out of every 20 participants who completed the same survey.
- Masking
- Single blind
- Who is masked
- Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 4,550 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Makerere University, Institute of Epidemiology, Disease Control and Research, The Bloomberg Family Foundation, Inc.
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Adnan A Hyder, PhD, MBBS, Principal investigator, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public HealthGeorge W Pariyo, PhD, Principal investigator, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT03773146
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 00007318-2
- Status last verified
- Dec 2018
- First submitted
- 5 Dec 2018
- Last updated
- 22 Mar 2023
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
Gibson DG, Pariyo GW, Wosu AC, Greenleaf AR, Ali J, Ahmed S, Labrique AB, Islam K, Masanja H, Rutebemberwa E, Hyder AA. Evaluation of Mechanisms to Improve Performance of Mobile Phone Surveys in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Research Protocol. JMIR Res Protoc. 2017 May 5;6(5):e81. doi: 10.2196/resprot.7534.
PubMed 28476729Gibson DG, Pereira A, Farrenkopf BA, Labrique AB, Pariyo GW, Hyder AA. Mobile Phone Surveys for Collecting Population-Level Estimates in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Literature Review. J Med Internet Res. 2017 May 5;19(5):e139. doi: 10.2196/jmir.7428.
PubMed 28476725Gibson DG, Farrenkopf BA, Pereira A, Labrique AB, Pariyo GW. The Development of an Interactive Voice Response Survey for Noncommunicable Disease Risk Factor Estimation: Technical Assessment and Cognitive Testing. J Med Internet Res. 2017 May 5;19(5):e112. doi: 10.2196/jmir.7340.
PubMed 28476724Hyder AA, Wosu AC, Gibson DG, Labrique AB, Ali J, Pariyo GW. Noncommunicable Disease Risk Factors and Mobile Phones: A Proposed Research Agenda. J Med Internet Res. 2017 May 5;19(5):e133. doi: 10.2196/jmir.7246.
PubMed 28476722Gibson DG, Kibria GMA, Pariyo GW, Ahmed S, Ali J, Labrique AB, Khan IA, Rutebemberwa E, Flora MS, Hyder AA. Promised and Lottery Airtime Incentives to Improve Interactive Voice Response Survey Participation Among Adults in Bangladesh and Uganda: Randomized Controlled Trial. J Med Internet Res. 2022 May 9;24(5):e36943. doi: 10.2196/36943.
PubMed 35532997
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 22 Mar 2023. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- A Randomized Controlled Trial of Varying Airtime Incentive Structure to Improve Interactive Voice Response (IVR) Survey Performance in Bangladesh and Uganda
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT03773146
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- 00007318-2
- Keywords
- mobile phone surveys, interactive voice response, incentive
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 4,550 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public HealthUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Makerere University, Institute of Epidemiology, Disease Control and Research, The Bloomberg Family Foundation, Inc.
- Study start
- 26 Mar 2017 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 14 Jul 2017 (actual)
- Study completion
- 14 Jul 2017 (actual)
- First posted
- 12 Dec 2018 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
This study evaluates the effect of three different airtime incentive structures on interactive voice response (IVR) survey cooperation, response, refusal and contact rates, as compared to a control group, in Bangladesh and Uganda.
Detailed description
Using random digit dialing (RDD) sampling technologies, participants were randomized to one of three airtime incentive structures contingent on them completing the noncommunicable disease risk factor survey. This mobile phone survey was sent as an interactive voice response (IVR). In IVR surveys, participants use their touch tone key pad to answer pre-recorded questions. (i.e. if you are male, press 1; if you are female, press 2). This study is being conducted in both Bangladesh and Uganda.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Other
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind (outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 3
- Model description
- Participants were randomized to one of three airtime incentive structures: 1) no incentive; 2) a fixed 1X incentive for all participants who completed the noncommunicable disease risk factor survey; or 3) a lottery incentive (10-20 times larger than the fixed incentive) given to 1 out of every 20 participants who completed the same survey.
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Control | No intervention | –No airtime incentive was given for completing the survey |
| 1X Incentive | Experimental | Other: 1X Airtime Incentive1X Airtime Incentive |
| Lottery | Experimental | Other: Lottery Airtime IncentiveLottery Airtime Incentive |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 years and older
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (3 listed)
- Access to a mobile phone
- Greater or equal to 18 years of age
- In Bangladesh, conversant in either English or Bangla language. In Uganda, conversant in either Luo, Runyakitara, Luganda or English languages.
Key exclusion criteria (1 listed)
- Less than 18 years of age
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| 1X Airtime IncentiveAn incentive given in the form of airtime | Other | 1X Incentive |
| Lottery Airtime IncentiveAn incentive given in the form of airtime | Other | Lottery |
Primary outcome
Cooperation Rate #1
Time frame: Through study completion, an average of one month
As defined by American Association for Public Opinion Research, cooperation rate is defined as I/(I+P+R) where I is complete interviews, P is partial interviews, R is refusals and breakoffs
Response Rate #4
Time frame: Through study completion, an average of one month
As defined by American Association for Public Opinion Research, response rate is defined as (I+P)/ (I+P+R+eU) where I is complete interview, P is partial interview, R is refusals and breakoffs, and eU is the estimated eligible proportion of unknowns
2 secondary outcomes
Refusal Rate #2
Time frame: Through study completion, an average of one month
Contact Rate #2
Time frame: Through study completion, an average of one month
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 22 Mar 2023.
- Background: PubMed 28476729Gibson DG, Pariyo GW, Wosu AC, Greenleaf AR, Ali J, Ahmed S, Labrique AB, Islam K, Masanja H, Rutebemberwa E, Hyder AA. Evaluation of Mechanisms to Improve Performance of Mobile Phone Surveys in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Research Protocol. JMIR Res Protoc. 2017 May 5;6(5):e81. doi: 10.2196/resprot.7534.
- Background: PubMed 28476725Gibson DG, Pereira A, Farrenkopf BA, Labrique AB, Pariyo GW, Hyder AA. Mobile Phone Surveys for Collecting Population-Level Estimates in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Literature Review. J Med Internet Res. 2017 May 5;19(5):e139. doi: 10.2196/jmir.7428.
- Background: PubMed 28476724Gibson DG, Farrenkopf BA, Pereira A, Labrique AB, Pariyo GW. The Development of an Interactive Voice Response Survey for Noncommunicable Disease Risk Factor Estimation: Technical Assessment and Cognitive Testing. J Med Internet Res. 2017 May 5;19(5):e112. doi: 10.2196/jmir.7340.
- Background: PubMed 28476722Hyder AA, Wosu AC, Gibson DG, Labrique AB, Ali J, Pariyo GW. Noncommunicable Disease Risk Factors and Mobile Phones: A Proposed Research Agenda. J Med Internet Res. 2017 May 5;19(5):e133. doi: 10.2196/jmir.7246.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 35532997Gibson DG, Kibria GMA, Pariyo GW, Ahmed S, Ali J, Labrique AB, Khan IA, Rutebemberwa E, Flora MS, Hyder AA. Promised and Lottery Airtime Incentives to Improve Interactive Voice Response Survey Participation Among Adults in Bangladesh and Uganda: Randomized Controlled Trial. J Med Internet Res. 2022 May 9;24(5):e36943. doi: 10.2196/36943.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Adnan A Hyder, PhD, MBBS principal investigator
Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health
George W Pariyo, PhD principal investigator
Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health
2 sites in 2 countries: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing 1X Airtime Incentive and Lottery Airtime Incentive in people with Surveys and Questionnaires and Noncommunicable Diseases, run by Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health at 2 sites in 2 countries.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 3 inclusion and 1 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 22 Mar 2023. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 2 sites in Bangladesh, Uganda. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Cooperation Rate #1 (time frame: Through study completion, an average of one month). The study lists 2 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT03773146, which also lists 5 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 22 Mar 2023.