Executive FunctionsVIBALNCT03823183
Multi-domain Versus Uni-Domain Training on Executive Control and Memory Functions of Older Adults
A study testing Cognitive training and Physical training in people with Executive Functions and Memory Functions, run by Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia at 1 site in Spain.
Trial summary
Age-related cognitive decline affects negatively daily living and quality of life of older adults. Previous research has shown a moderate impact of cognitive and physical training on the cognitive functioning of elders. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 60 to 80 yearsHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Executive Functions, Memory Functions
- What is being tested?
- Cognitive training and Physical training
- Type of treatment
- Lifestyle or therapy programme
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 120 participants
- Where
- 1 siteSpain
- Study dates
- 1 Oct 2018to 31 Dec 2020
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 60 to 80 years
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- No current intensive sports or physical activity practice. No current use of brain-training video games
Who cannot join
- Dementia. Mild Cognitive Impairment. A neurological or major psychiatric disorder. Significant heart illness. Lung disease.
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
Official title: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial With Active Control on the Effects of Combined Physical and Cognitive Training Versus Cognitive and Physical Training Separately on Executive Control and Memory Functions of Older Adults
Age-related cognitive decline affects negatively daily living and quality of life of older adults. Previous research has shown a moderate impact of cognitive and physical training on the cognitive functioning of elders. This randomized controlled trial (RCT) examines the differential impact of multi-domain cognitive (video game training) and physical training (the physical exercise was Body-attack, a mixed of dance, aerobic, strength, and muscular resistance versus cognitive training and physical training separately, on executive control and memory functions of healthy older adults (N=120), in comparison with an active control group. Participants (between 60 and 80 years old) will be allocated randomly to one of the four experimental groups: 1) physical training-single domain: physical training and cognitive control activity; 2) cognitive training-single domain: cognitive training and physical control activity; 3) cognitive-physical multi-domain: physical training and cognitive training; 4) active control: physical control activity and cognitive control activity. Physical training will be group-based and include coordination, aerobic exercise and strength exercise. The physical control activity will include stretching and relaxation exercises. The cognitive training will consist of commercial brain training video games. Difficulty will be automatically adjusted to the performance level of the participant. The cognitive control activity will be cognitively non-demanding video games. Physical activities (experimental and control) will be trained for 40 min and cognitive activities (experimental and control) for 40 min consecutively during the same session. There will be 2 session/wk over 3 months. Executive functioning, memory functions and psychological wellbeing will be assessed using behavioral and electrophysiological measures at baseline, after study completion and at 3-month follow-up. The main goal was to investigate possible intervention-related transfer effects to untrained executive and memory functions. The goal is to find out whether multi-domain training improves more executive and memory functions that are often compromised in later years, but essential for everyday activities. We expect to find larger transfer effects in the multi-domain condition than in the uni-domain conditions, shorter ERP latencies of the P2 component, and enhanced N2 and P3b components after training.
Read the detailed description
All participants complete one of the four combinations of cognitive training with video games and physical exercise. The cognitive component will be either a brain training video game program selected from Lumosity (cognitive intervention, CI) or video games not specifically designed to train attention and executive control (cognitive control, CC). The physical exercise component will be either Body-attack, a combination of dance, aerobic, strength, and muscular resistance (exercise intervention, EI) or its control condition composed of stretching, toning and relaxation (exercise control, EC).
- Conditions
- Executive Functions, Memory Functions
- Being tested
- Cognitive training, Physical training, Cognitive control, Physical control
- Keywords
- Aging, geriatrics & gerontology, Video-game cognitive training, Dance, Physical exercise, Multi-domain training, Executive functions, Memory functions, Plasticity, Transfer, Follow-up intervention, Randomized controlled trial
- Medical subject headings
- Motor Activity
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Cognitive trainingBehavioural
Group-based cognitive training on iPads with commercially available video games (Lumosity) designed to enhance executive control, memory functions and processing speed. Difficulty will be automatically adjusted to the performance level of the participant. Participants will train for 40 min 2 days/wk over 3 months.
Physical trainingBehavioural
Group-based fitness program (senior-friendly adaption of BodyAttack) that combines aerobic, strength and coordination training to a music soundtrack. Participants will train for 40 min, 2 days/wk over 3 months.
Cognitive controlBehavioural
Group-based cognitive control activity consisting of playing on iPads non-cognitively demanding video games during 40 min 2 days/wk over 3 months and exercises based on relaxation and stretching for 40 min, 2 days/wk over 3 months.
Physical controlBehavioural
Group-based exercises program (based on relaxation and stretching) for 40 min, 2 days/wk over 3 months.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Multi-domain training | Experimental | Group that receives cognitive training and physical training Receives: Behavioral: Cognitive training; Behavioral: Physical training |
| Cognitive training | Experimental | Group that receives cognitive training and physical control activity Receives: Behavioral: Cognitive training; Behavioral: Physical control |
| Physical activity | Experimental | Group that receives control cognitive activity and physical training Receives: Behavioral: Physical training; Behavioral: Cognitive control |
| Active control | Active comparator | Group that receives cognitive control activity and physical control activity Receives: Behavioral: Cognitive control; Behavioral: Physical control |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Executive functions assessed with Memory-based Task Switching
Reaction time (RT) of correct responses in Memory-based Task Switching
Measured: Change from Baseline in Memory-based Task Switching to 3 and 6 months
Executive functions assessed with Memory-based Task Switching
Performance in the Memory-base Task Switching: Neurophysiological parameter-Event-related potentials (ERPs) in the Memory-Based Task Switching
Measured: Change from Baseline in Memory-based Task Switching to 3 and 6 months
Attention assessed with Trail Making Test A+B
Performance in Trail Making Test A+B score
Measured: Change from Baseline in Trail Making Test to 3 and 6 months
Inhibition assessed with Stroop Task
Reaction time (RT) of correct responses in the Stroop Task
Measured: Change from Baseline in Stroop Task to 3 and 6 months
Working memory assessed with the N-back Task
Hits-False Alarms in the N-back Task
Measured: Change from Baseline in the N-Back Task to 3 and 6 months
Immediate visual memory assessed with Visual Memory Face I (Weschler Memory Scale)
Units on the Scale: scale range (minimum score = 0 and maximum score = 48).
Measured: Change from Baseline in Face I to 3 and 6 months
Differed visual memory assessed with Visual Memory Face II (Weschler Memory Scale)
Units on the Scale: scale range (minimum score = 0 and maximum score = 48).
With data from Visual Memory Face I (inmediate recognition) and Visual Memory Face II (differed recognition) we compute the percentage of memory retention = Visual Memory Face II / Visual Memory Face I X 100
Measured: Change from Baseline in Face II to 3 and 6 months
Immediate verbal memory assessed with Pair-Words I (Weschler Memory Scale)
Units on the Scale: scale range for Recall (minimum score = 0 and maximum score = 32).
Measured: Change from Baseline in Pair-Words I to 3 and 6 months
Differed verbal memory assessed with Pair-Words II (Weschler Memory Scale)
Units on the Scale: scale range for Recall (minimum score = 0 and maximum score = 8).
scale range for Recognition (minimum score =0 and maximum score = 24)
Recall. With data from Pair-Words I (inmediate recognition) and Pair-Words II (differed recognition) we compute the percentage of memory retention = Pair-Words II / Pair-Word I X 100
Measured: Change from Baseline in Pair-Words II to 3 and 6 months
Secondary outcomes (7)
Emotional and affective wellbeing assessed with Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS)
Units on the Scale: 20 items Each item is evaluated between 0 (nothing) and 5 (many). Positive emotions are assessed with items: 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19. Negative emotions are assessed with items: 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20.
Measured: Change from Baseline in PANAS to 3 and 6 months
Emotional and affective wellbeing assessed with The Life Satisfaction Index (LSI): 20 items Each item is assessed using two-point agree/disagree score rated items 0 for a response indicating dissatisfaction and 1 for satisfaction.
Units on the Scale: 20 items A two-point agree/disagree score rated items 0 for a response indicating dissatisfaction and 1 for satisfaction.
Measured: Change from Baseline in LSI to 3 and 6 months
Cardio-respiratory capacity assessed with the 6 Minutes Walk Test
Physiological parameter
Measured: Change from Baseline in 6 Minutes Walk Test to 3 and 6 months
Physical dimension assessed with The Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB)
Units on the Scale
Measured: Change from Baseline in SPPB to 3 and 6 months
Demographic interview and medical history
Respond to questions related to demographics and medical history
Measured: Baseline
General cognitive state assessed with Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE)
Units on the test: scale range (minimum score = 0 and maximum score = 30). Values between 27 and 30 points are considered as "appropriate cognitive state".
Values between 24 and 26 points are considered as "possible mild cognitive impairment" Values between 0 and 23 points are considered as "possible dementia". This test is a screening test and it is not adequate to diagnose. In this protocol participants with scores under 27 will be excluded from the study.
Measured: Baseline
General depression state assessed with Yesavage Abbreviate Questionnaire. (GDS)
Units on the test: scale range (minimum score = 0 and maximum score = 15). Values between 0 and 5 points are considered as "no depression". Values between 5 and 10 points are considered as "mild depression" Values between 10 and 15 points are considered as "severe depression". This test is a screening test and it is not adequate to diagnose. In this protocol participants with scores greater than 5 will be excluded from the study.
Measured: Baseline
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted30 Jan 2019
- Study start1 Oct 2018
- Primary completion31 Dec 2019 (estimated)
- Study completion31 Dec 2020 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (1)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Executive FunctionsStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Basic science
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Factorial
- Model description
- This study includes 4 intervention conditions: (1) Multi-modal Cognitive intervention + Physical intervention, (2) Cognitive intervention + Physical control, (3) Physical intervention + Cognitive control, and (4) Active Control group, Cognitive control + Physical control) x 3 (Time: Pretest, Post-test, 3-month follow-up) mixed factorial design, with "Type of training" as between-subject factors and "Time" as within-subject factor. The dependent variables will be behavioral and/or electrophysiological measures of executive functions (inhibition, shifting, working memory), memory functions (short term, episodic memory), and emotional well-being, quality of live and motivation.
- Masking
- Single blind
- Who is masked
- Participant
- Enrolment
- 120 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO) - Government of Spain
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Soledad Ballesteros, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia
- Investigators
- Soledad Ballesteros, PhD, Principal investigator, UNED
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT03823183
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- PSI2016-80377-R
- Acronym
- VIBAL
- Status last verified
- Jan 2019
- First submitted
- 7 Jan 2019
- Last updated
- 1 Feb 2019
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- Undecided
Publications
Ballesteros S, Rieker JA, Mayas J, Prieto A, Toril P, Jimenez MP, Reales JM. Effects of multidomain versus single-domain training on executive control and memory in older adults: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials. 2020 May 14;21(1):404. doi: 10.1186/s13063-020-04293-3.
PubMed 32410715
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 1 Feb 2019. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial With Active Control on the Effects of Combined Physical and Cognitive Training Versus Cognitive and Physical Training Separately on Executive Control and Memory Functions of Older Adults
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT03823183
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- VIBAL / PSI2016-80377-R
- Conditions
- Executive Functions, Memory Functions
- Keywords
- Aging, geriatrics & gerontology, Video-game cognitive training, Dance, Physical exercise, Multi-domain training, Executive functions, Memory functions, Plasticity
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Unknown status
- Enrolment
- 120 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Universidad Nacional de Educación a DistanciaUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO) - Government of Spain
- Study start
- 1 Oct 2018 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 31 Dec 2019 (estimated)
- Study completion
- 31 Dec 2020 (estimated)
- First posted
- 30 Jan 2019 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Age-related cognitive decline affects negatively daily living and quality of life of older adults. Previous research has shown a moderate impact of cognitive and physical training on the cognitive functioning of elders. This randomized controlled trial (RCT) examines the differential impact of multi-domain cognitive (video game training) and physical training (the physical exercise was Body-attack, a mixed of dance, aerobic, strength, and muscular resistance versus cognitive training and physical training separately, on executive control and memory functions of healthy older adults (N=120), in comparison with an active control group. Participants (between 60 and 80 years old) will be allocated randomly to one of the four experimental groups: 1) physical training-single domain: physical training and cognitive control activity; 2) cognitive training-single domain: cognitive training and physical control activity; 3) cognitive-physical multi-domain: physical training and cognitive training; 4) active control: physical control activity and cognitive control activity. Physical training will be group-based and include coordination, aerobic exercise and strength exercise. The physical control activity will include stretching and relaxation exercises. The cognitive training will consist of commercial brain training video games. Difficulty will be automatically adjusted to the performance level of the participant. The cognitive control activity will be cognitively non-demanding video games. Physical activities (experimental and control) will be trained for 40 min and cognitive activities (experimental and control) for 40 min consecutively during the same session. There will be 2 session/wk over 3 months. Executive functioning, memory functions and psychological wellbeing will be assessed using behavioral and electrophysiological measures at baseline, after study completion and at 3-month follow-up. The main goal was to investigate possible intervention-related transfer effects to untrained executive and memory functions. The goal is to find out whether multi-domain training improves more executive and memory functions that are often compromised in later years, but essential for everyday activities. We expect to find larger transfer effects in the multi-domain condition than in the uni-domain conditions, shorter ERP latencies of the P2 component, and enhanced N2 and P3b components after training.
Detailed description
All participants complete one of the four combinations of cognitive training with video games and physical exercise. The cognitive component will be either a brain training video game program selected from Lumosity (cognitive intervention, CI) or video games not specifically designed to train attention and executive control (cognitive control, CC). The physical exercise component will be either Body-attack, a combination of dance, aerobic, strength, and muscular resistance (exercise intervention, EI) or its control condition composed of stretching, toning and relaxation (exercise control, EC).
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Basic science
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Factorial
- Masking
- Single blind (participant)
- Number of arms
- 4
- Model description
- This study includes 4 intervention conditions: (1) Multi-modal Cognitive intervention + Physical intervention, (2) Cognitive intervention + Physical control, (3) Physical intervention + Cognitive control, and (4) Active Control group, Cognitive control + Physical control) x 3 (Time: Pretest, Post-test, 3-month follow-up) mixed factorial design, with "Type of training" as between-subject factors and "Time" as within-subject factor. The dependent variables will be behavioral and/or electrophysiological measures of executive functions (inhibition, shifting, working memory), memory functions (short term, episodic memory), and emotional well-being, quality of live and motivation.
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Multi-domain training | Experimental | Behavioral: Cognitive training, Behavioral: Physical trainingGroup that receives cognitive training and physical training |
| Cognitive training | Experimental | Behavioral: Cognitive training, Behavioral: Physical controlGroup that receives cognitive training and physical control activity |
| Physical activity | Experimental | Behavioral: Physical training, Behavioral: Cognitive controlGroup that receives control cognitive activity and physical training |
| Active control | Active comparator | Behavioral: Cognitive control, Behavioral: Physical controlGroup that receives cognitive control activity and physical control activity |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 60 to 80 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (1 listed)
- No current intensive sports or physical activity practice. No current use of brain-training video games
Key exclusion criteria (1 listed)
- Dementia. Mild Cognitive Impairment. A neurological or major psychiatric disorder. Significant heart illness. Lung disease.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Cognitive trainingGroup-based cognitive training on iPads with commercially available video games (Lumosity) designed to enhance executive control, memory functions and processing speed. Difficulty will be automatically adjusted to the performance level of the participant. Participants will train for 40 min 2 days/wk over 3 months. | Behavioural | Cognitive training, Multi-domain training |
| Physical trainingGroup-based fitness program (senior-friendly adaption of BodyAttack) that combines aerobic, strength and coordination training to a music soundtrack. Participants will train for 40 min, 2 days/wk over 3 months. | Behavioural | Multi-domain training, Physical activity |
| Cognitive controlGroup-based cognitive control activity consisting of playing on iPads non-cognitively demanding video games during 40 min 2 days/wk over 3 months and exercises based on relaxation and stretching for 40 min, 2 days/wk over 3 months. | Behavioural | Active control, Physical activity |
| Physical controlGroup-based exercises program (based on relaxation and stretching) for 40 min, 2 days/wk over 3 months. | Behavioural | Active control, Cognitive training |
Primary outcome
Executive functions assessed with Memory-based Task Switching
Time frame: Change from Baseline in Memory-based Task Switching to 3 and 6 months
Reaction time (RT) of correct responses in Memory-based Task Switching
Executive functions assessed with Memory-based Task Switching
Time frame: Change from Baseline in Memory-based Task Switching to 3 and 6 months
Performance in the Memory-base Task Switching: Neurophysiological parameter-Event-related potentials (ERPs) in the Memory-Based Task Switching
Attention assessed with Trail Making Test A+B
Time frame: Change from Baseline in Trail Making Test to 3 and 6 months
Performance in Trail Making Test A+B score
Inhibition assessed with Stroop Task
Time frame: Change from Baseline in Stroop Task to 3 and 6 months
Reaction time (RT) of correct responses in the Stroop Task
Working memory assessed with the N-back Task
Time frame: Change from Baseline in the N-Back Task to 3 and 6 months
Hits-False Alarms in the N-back Task
Immediate visual memory assessed with Visual Memory Face I (Weschler Memory Scale)
Time frame: Change from Baseline in Face I to 3 and 6 months
Units on the Scale: scale range (minimum score = 0 and maximum score = 48).
Differed visual memory assessed with Visual Memory Face II (Weschler Memory Scale)
Time frame: Change from Baseline in Face II to 3 and 6 months
Units on the Scale: scale range (minimum score = 0 and maximum score = 48). With data from Visual Memory Face I (inmediate recognition) and Visual Memory Face II (differed recognition) we compute the percentage of memory retention = Visual Memory Face II / Visual Memory Face I X 100
Immediate verbal memory assessed with Pair-Words I (Weschler Memory Scale)
Time frame: Change from Baseline in Pair-Words I to 3 and 6 months
Units on the Scale: scale range for Recall (minimum score = 0 and maximum score = 32).
Differed verbal memory assessed with Pair-Words II (Weschler Memory Scale)
Time frame: Change from Baseline in Pair-Words II to 3 and 6 months
Units on the Scale: scale range for Recall (minimum score = 0 and maximum score = 8). scale range for Recognition (minimum score =0 and maximum score = 24) Recall. With data from Pair-Words I (inmediate recognition) and Pair-Words II (differed recognition) we compute the percentage of memory retention = Pair-Words II / Pair-Word I X 100
7 secondary outcomes
Emotional and affective wellbeing assessed with Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS)
Time frame: Change from Baseline in PANAS to 3 and 6 months
Emotional and affective wellbeing assessed with The Life Satisfaction Index (LSI): 20 items Each item is assessed using two-point agree/disagree score rated items 0 for a response indicating dissatisfaction and 1 for satisfaction.
Time frame: Change from Baseline in LSI to 3 and 6 months
Cardio-respiratory capacity assessed with the 6 Minutes Walk Test
Time frame: Change from Baseline in 6 Minutes Walk Test to 3 and 6 months
Physical dimension assessed with The Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB)
Time frame: Change from Baseline in SPPB to 3 and 6 months
Demographic interview and medical history
Time frame: Baseline
General cognitive state assessed with Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE)
Time frame: Baseline
General depression state assessed with Yesavage Abbreviate Questionnaire. (GDS)
Time frame: Baseline
Results and safety
Results are not available in the source record.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 1 Feb 2019.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 32410715Ballesteros S, Rieker JA, Mayas J, Prieto A, Toril P, Jimenez MP, Reales JM. Effects of multidomain versus single-domain training on executive control and memory in older adults: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials. 2020 May 14;21(1):404. doi: 10.1186/s13063-020-04293-3.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: Undecided
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Soledad Ballesteros, PhD principal investigator
UNED
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Cognitive training and Physical training in people with Executive Functions and Memory Functions, run by Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia at 1 site in Spain.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 1 inclusion and 1 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: status not confirmed, as of the sponsor's last update on 1 Feb 2019. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Spain. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
Results are not available in the source record.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Executive functions assessed with Memory-based Task Switching (time frame: Change from Baseline in Memory-based Task Switching to 3 and 6 months). The study lists 9 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT03823183, which also lists 1 linked publication.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 1 Feb 2019.