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Kidney Transplant; ComplicationsPhase 4PTAAKNCT03841097

Pulse Wave Velocity, Tacrolimus Time in Therapeutic Range and CV in African American Kidney Transplants

A Phase 4 study testing Extended Release Tacrolimus Tablets and Immediate Release Tacrolimus Capsule in people with Kidney Transplant; Complications, run by Roy D. Bloom, MD at 1 site in United States.

Active, not recruiting

Under way, not looking for participants. Everyone needed has enrolled. The study is still running.

Official record
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Trial summary

The primary purpose of this study is to evaluate the pulse wave velocity and vascular compliance measurements at the beginning and the end of the study while the participants are taking either extended release tacrolimus tablets (known by brand name Envarsus XR®, and also referred to as LCPT in this study) given… Read more about this study

Who is it for?
Ages 18 to 75 years
Conditions the study is for
Kidney Transplant; Complications
What is being tested?
Extended Release Tacrolimus Tablets and Immediate Release Tacrolimus Capsule
Type of treatment
Pill or oral medicine
Could I receive a placebo?
No, everyone receives an active treatment
How many people
60 participants
Where
1 siteUnited States
Study dates
11 Nov 2019to Dec 2026
Phase
Phase 4
Are there results?
Not yet: the study is under way

Key requirements

Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.

  • Ages 18 to 75 years
  • All sexes
  • No healthy volunteers
  • Adult, Older adult

Who may be able to join

  • Subjects who self-report their race/ethnicity as Black-non-Hispanic only (which may include self-reported African ancestry as African-American, Afro-Caribbean or African)
  • Subjects receiving a first or second deceased donor or living donor kidney transplant at the Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania
  • Subjects whose body mass index (BMI) ≥19
  • Subjects who are sero-positive for Hepatitis B or C positive may also be enrolled.
  • Subjects whose concurrent immunosuppression at the time of transplant will be (generic or brand formulation) Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF, CellCept) or mycophenolic sodium (MPS, Myfortic®), either a standard prenisone taper or an early withdrawal protocol, and induction with rabbit-antithymocyte globulin (Thymoglobulin®).

Who cannot join

  • Subjects who are greater than 75 years old
  • Known hypersensitivity to Tacrolimus and hydrogenated castor oil
  • Subjects who are not self-described as being of Black African descent and living in the United States
  • Subjects who self-report their race/ethnicity as Black-Hispanic or Multiracial
  • Subjects who are recipients of organ transplants other than kidney
  • Subjects who are recipients of third time or more kidney transplants
Show all 18Show fewer
  • Subjects who are HIV positive at the time of pre-transplant screening
  • Subjects with recurrent focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS)
  • Subjects with any severe medical condition (including infection or severe liver disease) requiring acute or chronic treatment that in the investigator's opinion would interfere with study participation
  • Subjects with WBC ≤ 2000/mm3 or ANC ≤ 1500 mm3 with PLT ≤ 75,000/mm3 or HGB < 8 g/dL
  • Subjects with mental or physical conditions or known non-adherence (defined as documentation in the patient chart of multiple missed visits and/or medication doses) which in the investigator's opinion would interfere with the objectives of the study
  • Subjects who have been exposed to investigational therapy within 30 days prior to enrollment or five half-lives of the investigational product (whichever is greater).
  • Subjects with severe diabetic gastroparesis or other severe GI disturbances that could interfere with Tacrolimus absorption
  • Subjects who have underwent gastric bypass at any time pre transplant.
  • Pregnant or nursing (lactating) women subjects, where pregnancy is defined as a state of female after conception and until the termination of gestation, confirmed by a positive hCG laboratory test (> 5 mIU/ml).
  • Women subjects of child-bearing potential, defined as all women physiologically capable of becoming pregnant who are unwilling to use a double-barrier method of contraception, UNLESS they are
  • Women whose career, lifestyle, or sexual orientation preclude intercourse with a male partner
  • Women whose partners have been sterilized by vasectomy or other means

Trial locations and contacts

1 site in 1 country.

United States1 site
  • Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania

    Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104

Other trials in United States

About this study

Official title: A Phase IV, Prospective, Randomized, Open-label, Comparative Analysis, Single-center Study of Pulse Wave Velocity Evaluation, Tacrolimus TTR and Co-efficient of Tacrolimus Variation of African American Kidney Recipients Receiving Standard of Care Immediate Release Tacrolimus Capsules or Extended Release Tacrolimus Tablets

The primary purpose of this study is to evaluate the pulse wave velocity and vascular compliance measurements at the beginning and the end of the study while the participants are taking either extended release tacrolimus tablets (known by brand name Envarsus XR®, and also referred to as LCPT in this study) given once-daily each morning after transplantation or immediate release tacrolimus capsules (also known by brand name Prograf® or abbreviation IR-TAC in this study) that are administered twice-daily 12 hours apart after kidney transplantation. Pulse wave velocity and vascular compliance measurements are two non-invasive tests that are used to evaluate how well the blood vessels adapt to each heartbeat. The secondary purpose is to look at the effectiveness and safety of LCPT given once-daily compared to IR-TAC given twice-daily 12 hours apart after kidney transplantation.

Read the detailed description

There are several medicines that are given to kidney transplant patients to prevent the body's immune system from rejecting (not accepting) the transplanted kidney. Frequently, more than one medicine is used at the same time to prevent rejection after kidney transplant. Some of the medicines currently used are IR-TAC, Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF), Mycophenolate sodium (MPS), and corticosteroids. IR-TAC is currently approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) under the trade name of Prograf® or equivalent generic versions to prevent rejection in kidney transplant recipients. IR-TAC is taken twice daily (12 hours apart), and the dose is adjusted by the transplant provider to keep the level of tacrolimus in the blood from being too low or too high.

LCPT is a tablet containing the same active ingredient that is in IR-TAC but LCPT has been designed to release tacrolimus over a longer period of time so that it only has to be taken once a day in the morning. The dose of it is also adjusted by the transplant provider to keep the level of tacrolimus in the blood from being too low or too high. It has been approved by the FDA for prevention of rejection in kidney transplant recipients in combination with other medications to prevent rejection after kidney transplant.

In this study, the participants will be randomly assigned by chance (like flipping a coin) to receive either IR-TAC or LCPT from the time of transplant-on. Approximately half (30) of the study participants will be given IR-TAC and half will be given LCPT. Both the study participants and the transplant providers will know which medication that the participants are receiving. The participants will remain in the study for up to 12 months during which time they will be seen for monthly clinic visits, and complete labs per the standard of care.

Additionally, the study investigators will take an additional blood sample to further find out how the body absorbs and breaks down the medication tacrolimus. Participants will also undergo non-invasive pulse wave velocity and vascular compliance measurements within 3 days of post transplant, then 1 month and 12 months after transplant. Pulse wave velocity and vascular compliance measurements are two non-invasive tests that are used to evaluate how well the blood vessels adapt to each heartbeat. All participants will also be taking either Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) or Mycophenolate sodium (MPS) and corticosteroids to prevent rejection. These procedures will help the investigators to look at the effectiveness and safety of LCPT compared to IR-TAC after kidney transplant.

Being tested
Extended Release Tacrolimus Tablets, Immediate Release Tacrolimus Capsule
Keywords
Renal, Transplant, Pulse wave velocity

What participants receive

What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.

  • Extended Release Tacrolimus TabletsDrug

    Also called LCPT, Envarsus XR®

    The primary objective is to assess the change in pulse wave velocity (PWV) and vascular compliance measurements from baseline to 12-24 months after transplant in kidney recipient subjects on LCPT compared to those on IR-Tac.

  • Immediate Release Tacrolimus CapsuleDrug

    Also called IR-TAC, Prograf®

    The primary objective is to assess the change in pulse wave velocity (PWV) and vascular compliance measurements from baseline to 12-24 months after transplant in kidney recipient subjects on LCPT compared to those on IR-Tac.

Study groups in NCT03841097
Study groupRoleWhat they receive
Extended Release Tacrolimus TabletsActive comparatorDosed once daily in the morning and started at a dose of 0.14 mg/kg/day by the first day after kidney transplant (post-operative day 1). This medication will be given with rabbit antithymocyte globulin (rATG) induction, oral mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) and oral steroids to help prevent rejection. These medications will be ordered per standard of care both inpatient and outpatient.
Receives: Drug: Extended Release Tacrolimus Tablets
Immediate Release Tacrolimus CapsulesActive comparatorDosed twice daily 12 hours apart and started at a dose of 0.1mg/kg/day by the first day after kidney transplant (post-operative day 1). This medication will be given with rabbit antithymocyte globulin (rATG) induction, oral mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) and oral steroids to help prevent rejection. These medications will be ordered per standard of care both inpatient and outpatient.
Receives: Drug: Immediate Release Tacrolimus Capsule

What is being measured

The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.

  1. Assess Change in Pulse Wave Velocity

    To assess the change in PWV measurements (m/sec) from baseline to 12-24 months after transplant in kidney recipient subjects on LCPT compared to those on IR-Tac.

    Measured: baseline and months 12-24 post transplant

  2. Assess Change in Vascular Compliance measurements

    To assess the change in vascular compliance using central blood pressure (mmHg) from baseline to 12-24 months after transplant in kidney recipient subjects on LCPT compared to those on IR-Tac.

    Measured: baseline and months 12-24 post transplant

  3. Assess Change in Vascular Compliance

    To assess the change in vascular compliance using Augmentation Index (ratio) from baseline to 12 -24 months after transplant in kidney recipient subjects on LCPT compared to those on IR-Tac.

    Measured: baseline and months 12-24 post transplant

Secondary outcomes (15)
  1. Assess Change in Pulse Wave Velocity measurements

    To assess the change in PWV measurements (m/sec) from baseline to 1 month after transplant in kidney recipient subjects on LCPT compared to those on IR-Tac.

    Measured: baseline and 1 month post transplant

  2. Assess Change in Vascular Compliance measurements

    To assess the change in vascular compliance using central blood pressure (mmHg) from baseline to 1 month after transplant in kidney recipient subjects on LCPT compared to those on IR-Tac.

    Augmentation Index (ratio) measurements from baseline to 1 month after transplant in kidney recipient subjects on LCPT compared to those on IR-Tac.

    Measured: baseline and 1 month post transplant

  3. Assess Change in Vascular Compliance

    To assess the change in vascular compliance using Augmentation Index (ratio) from baseline to 1 month after transplant in kidney recipient subjects on LCPT compared to those on IR-Tac.

    Augmentation Index (ratio) measurements from baseline to 1 month after transplant in kidney recipient subjects on LCPT compared to those on IR-Tac.

    Measured: baseline and 1 month post transplant

  4. Compare Percent of Kidney Recipients with Tacrolimus Time in Therapeutic Range

    To compare % of kidney recipient subjects with Tacrolimus time in therapeutic range (TTR) < 60% or < 75% by 12-24 months: (TTR will be defined as trough level between 7.5-12.5 ug/L between week 1 after transplant-month 1, 7.5-10.5ug/L between Months 2-3, 5.5-8.5 ug/L between months 4-12 after transplant, and 4.5-7.5ug/L 12 month onward) in patients on LCPT compared to those on IR-Tac.

    Measured: 1 year

  5. Compare the variability of Tacrolimus levels between LCPT and IR-Tac

    To compare the variability of Tacrolimus levels between LCPT and IR-Tac using coefficient of variation (CV); high Tacrolimus CV will be defined > 40% during the first 12-24 months after transplant in kidney recipient subjects on LCPT compared to those on IR-Tac.

    Measured: First 12-24 months

  6. Compare steady-state mg/kg Tacrolimus dosing requirements

    To compare steady-state mg/kg Tacrolimus dosing requirements to reach initial therapeutic troughs (defined as 8-12 ug/L) in kidney recipient subjects on LCPT compared to those on IR-Tac by CYP3A5*1 expressers vs. CYP3A5*1 non-expressers.

    Measured: At baseline

  7. Compare Tacrolimus-related medication adherence

    To compare Tacrolimus-related medication adherence (measured by patient report of missed doses at transplant nephrology visits) in all kidney recipient subjects on LCPT compared to those on IR-Tac.

    Measured: at months 1,2,3,6 and 12-24

  8. Compare mean systolic and arterial blood pressure

    To compare mean systolic and arterial blood pressure in all kidney recipient subjects on LCPT compared to those on IR-Tac.

    Measured: at baseline and 12-24 months post-transplant

  9. Compare anti-hypertensive medication use

    To compare anti-hypertensive medication use in all kidney recipient subjects on LCPT compared to those on IR-Tac.

    Measured: at baseline and 12-24 months post-transplant

  10. Compare mean diastolic and arterial blood pressure

    To compare mean diastolic and arterial blood pressure in all kidney recipient subjects on LCPT compared to those on IR-Tac.

    Measured: at baseline and 12-24 months post-transplant

  11. Compare estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) measured by the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) formula

    To compare estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) via Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) 4 calculation in all kidney recipient subjects on LCPT compared to those on IR-Tac.

    Measured: At 6 months and 12-24 months post- transplant

  12. Compare hemoglobin A1C values

    To compare the occurrence of a new diagnosis pre-diabetes (as documented in the electronic health record) and hemoglobin A1C values in all non-diabetic kidney transplant subjects on LCPT compared to those on IR-Tac.

    Measured: Post- transplant at months 3, 6, and 12-24

  13. Compare the incidence of development of donor specific antibodies

    To compare the incidence of development of donor specific antibodies (DSA) in all kidney recipient subjects on LCPT compared to those on IR-Tac.

    Measured: At months 1, 3, 6 and 12-24 post- transplant

  14. Compare the incidence of development of BK virus

    To compare the incidence of development of BK virus (defined as BKV > 2.5 log copies/mL) in all kidney recipient subjects on LCPT compared to those on IR-Tac.

    Measured: At months 1, 3, 6, and 12-24 post- transplant

  15. Compare the incidence of serious adverse events

    To compare the incidence of serious adverse events (SAEs) (including infections resulting in hospitalization, development of biopsy proven cellular and antibody mediated rejection by Banff criteria when biopsy performed for clinical indications, graft loss and patient death) in all kidney recipient subjects on LCPT compared to those on IR-Tac.

    Measured: At months 6 and 12-24 post- transplant

Timeline

From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.

  1. First posted15 Feb 2019
  2. Study start11 Nov 2019
  3. Primary completionDec 2026 (estimated)
  4. Study completionDec 2026 (estimated)

Resources

More details

For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.

Study design
Study type
Interventional
Phase
Phase 4
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Randomised
Intervention model
Parallel groups
Masking
None (open label)
Enrolment
60 participants (estimated)
IDs, dates and publications
ClinicalTrials.gov ID
NCT03841097
Sponsor's protocol ID
832046
Acronym
PTAAK
Status last verified
Jul 2026
First submitted
10 Dec 2018
Last updated
17 Jul 2026
Results posted
No
Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
Yes
FDA-regulated device
No

Questions about this trial

What is this clinical trial studying?

A Phase 4 study testing Extended Release Tacrolimus Tablets and Immediate Release Tacrolimus Capsule in people with Kidney Transplant; Complications, run by Roy D. Bloom, MD at 1 site in United States.

The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.

Who may be eligible to take part?

The sponsor lists 5 inclusion and 18 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.

Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?

The record says: under way, not looking for participants, as of the sponsor's last update on 17 Jul 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.

Where is the study taking place?

The record lists 1 site in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.

What are the possible benefits and risks?

They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.

What does this phase mean?

Phase 4 studies take place after a treatment is approved, to learn more about its long-term benefits and risks in everyday use.

Not every study follows the same path, and some studies (observational studies, device studies) have no phase.

Are results available for this study?

This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.

How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?

The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.

What does the primary outcome measure?

Assess Change in Pulse Wave Velocity (time frame: baseline and months 12-24 post transplant). The study lists 3 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.

Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?

No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.

How often is this information updated?

AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 17 Jul 2026.

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