Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in PregnancyNCT03881956
Health-promoting Lifestyle Education on Women With Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
A study testing Health-promoting lifestyle education program in people with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in Pregnancy, run by Istanbul University.
Trial summary
In this study the effect of the Health-Promoting Lifestyle Education Program (HPLEP) provided to women with GDM on maternal and neonatal health was investigated. The education program and also usual care applied to the intervention group, only usual care applied to the control group. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 19 to 43 years, women only
- Conditions the study is for
- Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in Pregnancy
- What is being tested?
- Health-promoting lifestyle education program
- Type of treatment
- Lifestyle or therapy programme
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 88 participants
- Where
- No sites listed yet
- Study dates
- 1 Jan 2015to 23 Jun 2016
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 19 to 43 years
- Women only
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult
Who may be able to join
- In gestational period of 24 to 34 weeks
- Diagnosed with GDM
- Aged 18 years or older
- Volunteering to participate in the study
Who cannot join
- Presence of a psychiatric disease
- Multiple pregnancy
- Risk of preterm labor, placenta previa or premature rupture of the membranes
- Not volunteering to participate in the study
About this study
Official title: The Effect of the Health-promoting Lifestyle Education Program Provided to Women With Gestational Diabetes on Maternal and Neonatal Health: A Randomized Controlled Trial
In this study the effect of the Health-Promoting Lifestyle Education Program (HPLEP) provided to women with GDM on maternal and neonatal health was investigated. The education program and also usual care applied to the intervention group, only usual care applied to the control group.
Read the detailed description
The population of this study included women with GDM who received treatment in the perinatology clinic of the Istanbul Zeynep Kamil Hospital, Turkey in 2015. The records showed that 350 women with GDM were referred to the perinatology clinic in that period. The sample size was calculated using Power and Sample Size Program, with 80% power and a 0.05 margin of error, and it was determined that both the intervention and the control group should include at least 30 women with GDM. It was considered appropriate that 50 women with GDM be included in each group.
At the end of this study 46 women were in the intervention group and 42 women were in the control group.
The patients followed up in the perinatology clinic were assigned to groups through randomization (drawing lots by the clinic nurse). Data collector checked patients in the perinatology clinic daily. If there were more than one patient who met the inclusion criteria, it was determined which group to take with the lottery method. When there was only one woman with GDM in the clinic, it was determined which group to take with the lot but the next patient was taken directly to the opposite group. When two patients were in the same room, they were taken into the same group in order not to have any ethical problems. Detailed information was given to the women who met inclusion criteria and their consent was obtained using an Informed Voluntary Consent Form. The women in the both group were administered the introductory information form, the Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile II (HPLP-II), the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) and the Short Form 36 Health Survey (SF-36) in the first assessment.
The education program and also usual care applied to the intervention group. The education program consisted of three 45-min sessions, which included a face-to-face lecture with the dissemination and presentation of written and visual materials. Also each participant in the intervention group was given the Health-Promoting Lifestyle Booklet and the Diary of a Woman with GDM card. The booklet features all of the health-promoting practices (self-monitoring of blood glucose, nutrition, physical activity, stress, sleeping, smoking, self-care and breastfeeding). The Diary of a Woman with GDM card features the daily program that women should follow (the hours for main meals and snacks, insulin hours, etc.). The education and counseling were maintained through follow-up via phone for intervention group.
The women in the control group which receiving only usual care were followed according to the institution's routine diabetes follow-up protocol (monitoring blood glucose levels as frequently as indicated by the doctor, and patients are referred to dietitian and to diabetes nurse).
To assess the effectiveness of the educational program, the HPLP-II, CES-D and SF-36 were re-administered to the intervention group four weeks after the first assessment (second assessment). The HPLP-II, CES-D and SF-36 were re-administered to the both groups in the postpartum 6th week (third assessment).
- Being tested
- Health-promoting lifestyle education program
- Keywords
- gestational diabetes, health-promoting lifestyle, maternal and neonatal health, education
- Medical subject headings
- Diabetes, Gestational
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Health-promoting lifestyle education programBehavioural
The intervention group were included in the health-promoting lifestyle education program. The education program consisted of three 45-min sessions, which included a face-to-face lecture with the dissemination and presentation of written and visual materials. Each participant in the intervention group was given the Health-Promoting Lifestyle Booklet and the Diary of a Woman with GDM card. The booklet features all of the health-promoting practices (self-monitoring of blood glucose, nutrition, physical activity, stress, sleeping, smoking, self-care and breastfeeding). The Diary of a Woman with GDM card features the daily program that women should follow (the hours for main meals and snacks, insulin hours, etc.). The education and counseling were maintained through follow-up via phone for intervention group.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Women with gestational diabetes | Other | 88 women with gestational diabetes (46 for the intervention group and 42 for the control group) were in the arm. Receives: Behavioral: Health-promoting lifestyle education program |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Change of Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile II (HPLP II) scores
Primary outcome of women with GDM was their healthy lifestyle behaviours measured on the HPLP-II. This scale, developed by Walker et al. (1987) on the basis of Pender's health promotion model, measures the health-promoting behaviours associated with a health-promoting lifestyle. The scale was revised in 1996 and designated as HPLP-II (Walker et al. 1996). Bahar et al. (2008) tested the scale's validity and reliability in Turkish. The Cronbach's alpha internal consistency coefficient of the scale was found to be 0.92. Higher scores on the scale indicate a higher performance level of the determined health-promoting behaviours. The scale consists of 52 items under the six subscales of spiritual growth, nutrition, physical activity, health responsibility, interpersonal relations and stress management. The lowest and highest possible scores on the scale are 52 and 208, respectively.
Measured: Four weeks after randomization and within postpartum 6th week
Change of Short Form 36 Health Survey (SF-36) scores
Quality of life of the women was measured using the SF-36. This scale, developed by Ware in 1987, is globally referred to as SF-36, as this acronym has been commonly used in all studies since the development of the scale. SF-36 is a self-assessment scale, consisting of 36 questions under eight subscales: physical functioning, physical role limitation, social functioning, mental health, energy-vitality, bodily pain, general health perceptions and emotional role limitation (Ware \& Sherbourne 1992). Pınar (1995) tested the scale's validity and reliability in Turkish. The Cronbach's alpha internal consistency value was found to be 0.91.When the scores of each subscale in the scale increase, health-related quality of life also increases. Subscales are all separately scored. "0" point indicates poor health and "100" points states good health (Ware and Sherbourne, 1992).
Measured: Four weeks after randomization and within postpartum 6th week
Change of Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) scores
CES-D Scale was used to assess symptoms of depression in women. This short scale, developed by Radloff (1977) to measure depressive symptoms, can be administered to both the general population and specially selected groups. The CES-D consists of 20 items, each of which are scored between 0 and 3. The 4th, 8th, 12th, and 16th items are reversely scored. The total score ranges between 0 and 60, and a score of 16 and higher suggests the risk of depression, while lower scores on the CES-D Scale indicate decreased risks for depression. The scale measures symptoms experienced over the most recent week of time according to frequency of occurrence, where 0= Rarely or never, 1= Sometimes, 2= Often, and 3= Usually or always. Yilmaz (2010) tested the scale's validity and reliability in Turkish. The Cronbach's alpha value was found to be 0.85 for the entire scale.
Measured: Four weeks after randomization and within postpartum 6th week
Pre-test and post-test scores
Women's level of knowledge about GDM was measured using pre-test and post-test question form.This form, developed by the researcher in accordance with the literature, includes questions about GDM and healthy lifestyle. There are 16 questions in the question form. The minimum score that the women in the intervention group could get from the pre-test and post-test was "0" and the maximum score was "16".
Measured: After randomization up to one week
Secondary outcomes (2)
Postpartum diabetes control of women
Postpartum diabetes control of women with GDM was assessed through the postpartum 6th week information form that developed by the researchers on the basis of the literature.
Measured: within postpartum 6th week
Postpartum characteristics of neonates
Postpartum characteristics of neonates were assessed through the neonate's information form that developed by the researchers on the basis of the literature.
Measured: in postpartum first day
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted20 Mar 2019
- Study start1 Jan 2015
- Primary completion30 Dec 2015
- Study completion23 Jun 2016
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in PregnancyStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by Istanbul UniversityThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Other
- Allocation
- Not applicable
- Intervention model
- Single group
- Model description
- The study sample included 88 women (46 for the intervention and 42 for the control group) diagnosed with GDM. The control group received only usual care and they were followed according to the institution's diabetes follow-up protocol. In addition to the usual care, the intervention group was provided with an education program that consisted of three 45 min sessions.The women in the both group were administered the introductory information form, the Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile II (HPLP-II), the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) and the Short Form 36 Health Survey (SF-36) in the first assessment. After the education program, the HPLP-II, CES-D and SF-36 were re-administered to the intervention group four weeks after the first assessment. The HPLP-II, CES-D and SF-36 were re-administered to the both groups in the postpartum 6th week.
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 88 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Istanbul University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Aslı URAL, Istanbul University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT03881956
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 443983
- Status last verified
- Mar 2019
- First submitted
- 4 Mar 2019
- Last updated
- 20 Mar 2019
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 20 Mar 2019. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- The Effect of the Health-promoting Lifestyle Education Program Provided to Women With Gestational Diabetes on Maternal and Neonatal Health: A Randomized Controlled Trial
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT03881956
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- 443983
- Keywords
- gestational diabetes, health-promoting lifestyle, maternal and neonatal health, education
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 88 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Istanbul UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 1 Jan 2015 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 30 Dec 2015 (actual)
- Study completion
- 23 Jun 2016 (actual)
- First posted
- 20 Mar 2019 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
In this study the effect of the Health-Promoting Lifestyle Education Program (HPLEP) provided to women with GDM on maternal and neonatal health was investigated. The education program and also usual care applied to the intervention group, only usual care applied to the control group.
Detailed description
The population of this study included women with GDM who received treatment in the perinatology clinic of the Istanbul Zeynep Kamil Hospital, Turkey in 2015. The records showed that 350 women with GDM were referred to the perinatology clinic in that period. The sample size was calculated using Power and Sample Size Program, with 80% power and a 0.05 margin of error, and it was determined that both the intervention and the control group should include at least 30 women with GDM. It was considered appropriate that 50 women with GDM be included in each group.
At the end of this study 46 women were in the intervention group and 42 women were in the control group.
The patients followed up in the perinatology clinic were assigned to groups through randomization (drawing lots by the clinic nurse). Data collector checked patients in the perinatology clinic daily. If there were more than one patient who met the inclusion criteria, it was determined which group to take with the lottery method. When there was only one woman with GDM in the clinic, it was determined which group to take with the lot but the next patient was taken directly to the opposite group. When two patients were in the same room, they were taken into the same group in order not to have any ethical problems. Detailed information was given to the women who met inclusion criteria and their consent was obtained using an Informed Voluntary Consent Form. The women in the both group were administered the introductory information form, the Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile II (HPLP-II), the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) and the Short Form 36 Health Survey (SF-36) in the first assessment.
The education program and also usual care applied to the intervention group. The education program consisted of three 45-min sessions, which included a face-to-face lecture with the dissemination and presentation of written and visual materials. Also each participant in the intervention group was given the Health-Promoting Lifestyle Booklet and the Diary of a Woman with GDM card. The booklet features all of the health-promoting practices (self-monitoring of blood glucose, nutrition, physical activity, stress, sleeping, smoking, self-care and breastfeeding). The Diary of a Woman with GDM card features the daily program that women should follow (the hours for main meals and snacks, insulin hours, etc.). The education and counseling were maintained through follow-up via phone for intervention group.
The women in the control group which receiving only usual care were followed according to the institution's routine diabetes follow-up protocol (monitoring blood glucose levels as frequently as indicated by the doctor, and patients are referred to dietitian and to diabetes nurse).
To assess the effectiveness of the educational program, the HPLP-II, CES-D and SF-36 were re-administered to the intervention group four weeks after the first assessment (second assessment). The HPLP-II, CES-D and SF-36 were re-administered to the both groups in the postpartum 6th week (third assessment).
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Other
- Allocation
- Not applicable
- Intervention model
- Single group
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 1
- Model description
- The study sample included 88 women (46 for the intervention and 42 for the control group) diagnosed with GDM. The control group received only usual care and they were followed according to the institution's diabetes follow-up protocol. In addition to the usual care, the intervention group was provided with an education program that consisted of three 45 min sessions.The women in the both group were administered the introductory information form, the Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile II (HPLP-II), the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) and the Short Form 36 Health Survey (SF-36) in the first assessment. After the education program, the HPLP-II, CES-D and SF-36 were re-administered to the intervention group four weeks after the first assessment. The HPLP-II, CES-D and SF-36 were re-administered to the both groups in the postpartum 6th week.
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Women with gestational diabetes | Other | Behavioral: Health-promoting lifestyle education program88 women with gestational diabetes (46 for the intervention group and 42 for the control group) were in the arm. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 19 to 43 years
- Sex
- Female only
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult
Key inclusion criteria (4 listed)
- In gestational period of 24 to 34 weeks
- Diagnosed with GDM
- Aged 18 years or older
- Volunteering to participate in the study
Key exclusion criteria (4 listed)
- Presence of a psychiatric disease
- Multiple pregnancy
- Risk of preterm labor, placenta previa or premature rupture of the membranes
- Not volunteering to participate in the study
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Health-promoting lifestyle education programThe intervention group were included in the health-promoting lifestyle education program. The education program consisted of three 45-min sessions, which included a face-to-face lecture with the dissemination and presentation of written and visual materials. Each participant in the intervention group was given the Health-Promoting Lifestyle Booklet and the Diary of a Woman with GDM card. The booklet features all of the health-promoting practices (self-monitoring of blood glucose, nutrition, physical activity, stress, sleeping, smoking, self-care and breastfeeding). The Diary of a Woman with GDM card features the daily program that women should follow (the hours for main meals and snacks, insulin hours, etc.). The education and counseling were maintained through follow-up via phone for intervention group. | Behavioural | Women with gestational diabetes |
Primary outcome
Change of Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile II (HPLP II) scores
Time frame: Four weeks after randomization and within postpartum 6th week
Primary outcome of women with GDM was their healthy lifestyle behaviours measured on the HPLP-II. This scale, developed by Walker et al. (1987) on the basis of Pender's health promotion model, measures the health-promoting behaviours associated with a health-promoting lifestyle. The scale was revised in 1996 and designated as HPLP-II (Walker et al. 1996). Bahar et al. (2008) tested the scale's validity and reliability in Turkish. The Cronbach's alpha internal consistency coefficient of the scale was found to be 0.92. Higher scores on the scale indicate a higher performance level of the determined health-promoting behaviours. The scale consists of 52 items under the six subscales of spiritual growth, nutrition, physical activity, health responsibility, interpersonal relations and stress management. The lowest and highest possible scores on the scale are 52 and 208, respectively.
Change of Short Form 36 Health Survey (SF-36) scores
Time frame: Four weeks after randomization and within postpartum 6th week
Quality of life of the women was measured using the SF-36. This scale, developed by Ware in 1987, is globally referred to as SF-36, as this acronym has been commonly used in all studies since the development of the scale. SF-36 is a self-assessment scale, consisting of 36 questions under eight subscales: physical functioning, physical role limitation, social functioning, mental health, energy-vitality, bodily pain, general health perceptions and emotional role limitation (Ware \& Sherbourne 1992). Pınar (1995) tested the scale's validity and reliability in Turkish. The Cronbach's alpha internal consistency value was found to be 0.91.When the scores of each subscale in the scale increase, health-related quality of life also increases. Subscales are all separately scored. "0" point indicates poor health and "100" points states good health (Ware and Sherbourne, 1992).
Change of Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) scores
Time frame: Four weeks after randomization and within postpartum 6th week
CES-D Scale was used to assess symptoms of depression in women. This short scale, developed by Radloff (1977) to measure depressive symptoms, can be administered to both the general population and specially selected groups. The CES-D consists of 20 items, each of which are scored between 0 and 3. The 4th, 8th, 12th, and 16th items are reversely scored. The total score ranges between 0 and 60, and a score of 16 and higher suggests the risk of depression, while lower scores on the CES-D Scale indicate decreased risks for depression. The scale measures symptoms experienced over the most recent week of time according to frequency of occurrence, where 0= Rarely or never, 1= Sometimes, 2= Often, and 3= Usually or always. Yilmaz (2010) tested the scale's validity and reliability in Turkish. The Cronbach's alpha value was found to be 0.85 for the entire scale.
Pre-test and post-test scores
Time frame: After randomization up to one week
Women's level of knowledge about GDM was measured using pre-test and post-test question form.This form, developed by the researcher in accordance with the literature, includes questions about GDM and healthy lifestyle. There are 16 questions in the question form. The minimum score that the women in the intervention group could get from the pre-test and post-test was "0" and the maximum score was "16".
2 secondary outcomes
Postpartum diabetes control of women
Time frame: within postpartum 6th week
Postpartum characteristics of neonates
Time frame: in postpartum first day
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 20 Mar 2019.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
The record lists no contact. Use the official record to reach the sponsor.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Health-promoting lifestyle education program in people with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in Pregnancy, run by Istanbul University.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 4 inclusion and 4 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 20 Mar 2019. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Change of Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile II (HPLP II) scores (time frame: Four weeks after randomization and within postpartum 6th week). The study lists 4 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 20 Mar 2019.