HypertensionBAHNCT03909321
Beach Tennis And Hypertension Study 2
A study testing Beach tennis training group in people with Hypertension, run by Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre at 1 site in Brazil.
Trial summary
No studies have investigated the chronic effects of team sports on 24 h ambulatory blood pressure and have assessed the effects of a beach tennis intervention in cardiovascular profile and physical fitness. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 35 to 65 years
- Conditions the study is for
- Hypertension
- What is being tested?
- Beach tennis training group
- Type of treatment
- Lifestyle or therapy programme
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 42 participants
- Where
- 1 siteBrazil
- Study dates
- 6 Feb 2023to 31 Dec 2023
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 35 to 65 years
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Office blood pressure between 130-179 and 80-110 mmHg for systolic and diastolic blood pressure, respectively;
- Non-engaged in structured exercise programs in the last 3 months before the beginning of this study;
- Able to perform the proposed exercises.
Who cannot join
- Underlying cardiovascular disease in the last 24 months such as acute myocardial infarction, angina, stroke or heart failure;
- Diseases that reduce life expectancy;
- Smokers;
- BMI >39.9 kg/m²;
- Diabetic proliferative retinopathy.
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
Brazil1 site
Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre
Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 90035-903
About this study
Official title: Effect of Recreational Beach Tennis on Ambulatory Blood Pressure and Physical Fitness in Hypertensive Individuals (BAH Study)
No studies have investigated the chronic effects of team sports on 24 h ambulatory blood pressure and have assessed the effects of a beach tennis intervention in cardiovascular profile and physical fitness. Based on that, the investigators designed this parallel randomized controlled trial to evaluate the effect of beach tennis training on 24 h ambulatory blood pressure and different physical fitness parameters in individuals with hypertension. The difference between the intervention arms in mean change from baseline in 24 h, daytime and nighttime systolic and diastolic ambulatory blood pressure at 12-weeks is the primary outcome; secondary outcomes are the difference between mean change in office blood pressure as well as cardiorespiratory fitness, muscular strength and power. The investigators anticipate that 12 weeks of beach tennis training will reduce blood pressure when compared to a non-exercising control group. Additionally, our recreational beach tennis intervention will improve all physical fitness components in comparison to the baseline values.
Read the detailed description
This is a single-center, two-arms, parallel randomized controlled trial with concealed allocation, blinded measurers, with 12 weeks of follow-up analyzed using an intention-to-treat approach.
Participants will be randomly allocated to the beach tennis training intervention (BTT) or to the control group (Con), which will not be submitted to intervention and will be instructed not to engage in any kind of structured physical exercise training and to keep the life activities identified at baseline. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) will be applied before and after the intervention in order to assess the level of physical activity.
In BTT, supervised beach tennis sessions will be performed two times per week. Each session will be composed of an initial period of 10 min of warm up and technical exercises (i.e., serve, volley, forehand and backhand). After that, 3 games of 10-15 min each (weeks 1-4: 3 × 10 min; weeks 5-8: 3 × 12 min; and weeks 9-12: 3 × 15 min) with an interval of 2 min between each game will be played in pairs (i.e., 2 versus 2). In case of less than 4 participants are able to play at the same time, the games can also be played individually (i.e., 1 versus1). In Con, participants will be advised to not change their daily usual activities and to not participate in any structured physical exercise program during this period.
- Conditions
- Hypertension
- Being tested
- Beach tennis training group
- Keywords
- Exercise, Beach Tennis, Sport training, Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring
- Medical subject headings
- Hypertension, Motor Activity
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Beach tennis training groupBehavioural
Beach Tennis Training Group (BTG) will perform two sessions of 40-60 min of beach tennis during 12 weeks. BT sessions will be composed by a warm up of 5-10 min of BT technical exercises (i.e., serve, volley, forehand and backhand exercises) followed by 3 BT small games of 10-15 min each.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Control group | No intervention | The Control group will not be submitted to intervention and will be instructed not to engage in any kind of structured physical exercise training and to keep the life activities identified at baseline. |
| Beach tennis training group | Experimental | The Beach Tennis (BT) group will perform two sessions per week of the Beach Tennis training. This intervention will last 12 weeks. Receives: Behavioral: Beach tennis training group |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Ambulatory Blood Pressure
24h ambulatory blood pressure measured through automatic oscillometric device
Measured: Change from baseline 24-hour systolic blood pressure at 12 weeks
Secondary outcomes (9)
Systolic blood pressure
Systolic blood pressure in mmHg measured using automatic oscillometric device
Measured: Will be measured during intervention period throughout the first session of weeks 1, 4, 5, 8, 9 and 12.
Diastolic blood pressure
Diastolic blood pressure in mmHg measured using automatic oscillometric device
Measured: Will be measured during intervention period throughout the first session of weeks 1, 4, 5, 8, 9 and 12.
Cardiorespiratory fitness (Oxygen consumption at peak)
Oxygen consumption at peak (VO2peak) as assessed by maximal cardiopulmonary exercise testing
Measured: Change from baseline VO2peak at 12 weeks
Muscle strength (Test of hand grip strength)
Performs palmar grip with the greatest possible force
Measured: Change from baseline handgrip at 12 weeks
Muscle strength (Chair-stand test)
The total number of stands executed correctly within 30-s
Measured: Change from baseline Chair-stand test at 12 weeks
Muscle strength (Chair-stand test)
The time to perform the first five stands executed correctly
Measured: Change from baseline Chair-stand test at 12 weeks
Power muscle
Vertical countermovement jump tests
Measured: Change from baseline vertical countermovement jump at 12 weeks
Quality of life (WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire)
The questionnaire contains 26 questions and is divided into four domains (physical, psychological, social and environmental). Responses follow a Likert scale (1 to 5, the higher the score the better the quality of life) and the values of each domain will be expressed in percentage values.
Measured: Change from baseline QoL score at 12 weeks
Enjoyment (PACES questionnaire)
The scale is composed of 18 items in a bipolar affirmations format (i.e., "amused" versus "not-amused") punctuated in a range from the minimum value "1" to the maximum value "7".
Measured: Will be measured during intervention period throughout the first session of weeks 1, 4, 5, 8, 9 and 12.
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted10 Apr 2019
- Study start6 Feb 2023
- Primary completion31 Dec 2023
- Study completion31 Dec 2023
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (2)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for HypertensionStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Double blind
- Who is masked
- Investigator, Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 42 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Rodrigo Ferrari, PhD, Principal investigator, Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT03909321
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 96487118000005327b
- Acronym
- BAH
- Status last verified
- Nov 2025
- First submitted
- 8 Apr 2019
- Last updated
- 20 Nov 2025
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- Undecided
Publications
Ferrari R, de Oliveira Carpes L, Domingues LB, Jacobsen A, Frank P, Jung N, Santini J, Fuchs SC; BAH Study Group. Effect of recreational beach tennis on ambulatory blood pressure and physical fitness in hypertensive individuals (BAH study): rationale and study protocol. BMC Public Health. 2021 Jan 6;21(1):56. doi: 10.1186/s12889-020-10117-5.
PubMed 33407276Ferrari R, de Oliveira Carpes L, Betti Domingues L, Mallmann Schneider V, Leal R, Tanaka H, Jung N; The BAH Study Group. Recreational beach tennis training reduces ambulatory blood pressure in adults with hypertension: a randomized clinical trial. J Hypertens. 2024 Dec 1;42(12):2122-2130. doi: 10.1097/HJH.0000000000003850. Epub 2024 Aug 26.
PubMed 39248124
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 20 Nov 2025. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Effect of Recreational Beach Tennis on Ambulatory Blood Pressure and Physical Fitness in Hypertensive Individuals (BAH Study)
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT03909321
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- BAH / 96487118000005327b
- Conditions
- Hypertension
- Keywords
- Exercise, Beach Tennis, Sport training, Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 42 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Hospital de Clinicas de Porto AlegreUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul
- Study start
- 6 Feb 2023 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 31 Dec 2023 (actual)
- Study completion
- 31 Dec 2023 (actual)
- First posted
- 10 Apr 2019 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
No studies have investigated the chronic effects of team sports on 24 h ambulatory blood pressure and have assessed the effects of a beach tennis intervention in cardiovascular profile and physical fitness. Based on that, the investigators designed this parallel randomized controlled trial to evaluate the effect of beach tennis training on 24 h ambulatory blood pressure and different physical fitness parameters in individuals with hypertension. The difference between the intervention arms in mean change from baseline in 24 h, daytime and nighttime systolic and diastolic ambulatory blood pressure at 12-weeks is the primary outcome; secondary outcomes are the difference between mean change in office blood pressure as well as cardiorespiratory fitness, muscular strength and power. The investigators anticipate that 12 weeks of beach tennis training will reduce blood pressure when compared to a non-exercising control group. Additionally, our recreational beach tennis intervention will improve all physical fitness components in comparison to the baseline values.
Detailed description
This is a single-center, two-arms, parallel randomized controlled trial with concealed allocation, blinded measurers, with 12 weeks of follow-up analyzed using an intention-to-treat approach.
Participants will be randomly allocated to the beach tennis training intervention (BTT) or to the control group (Con), which will not be submitted to intervention and will be instructed not to engage in any kind of structured physical exercise training and to keep the life activities identified at baseline. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) will be applied before and after the intervention in order to assess the level of physical activity.
In BTT, supervised beach tennis sessions will be performed two times per week. Each session will be composed of an initial period of 10 min of warm up and technical exercises (i.e., serve, volley, forehand and backhand). After that, 3 games of 10-15 min each (weeks 1-4: 3 × 10 min; weeks 5-8: 3 × 12 min; and weeks 9-12: 3 × 15 min) with an interval of 2 min between each game will be played in pairs (i.e., 2 versus 2). In case of less than 4 participants are able to play at the same time, the games can also be played individually (i.e., 1 versus1). In Con, participants will be advised to not change their daily usual activities and to not participate in any structured physical exercise program during this period.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Double blind (investigator, outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Control group | No intervention | –The Control group will not be submitted to intervention and will be instructed not to engage in any kind of structured physical exercise training and to keep the life activities identified at baseline. |
| Beach tennis training group | Experimental | Behavioral: Beach tennis training groupThe Beach Tennis (BT) group will perform two sessions per week of the Beach Tennis training. This intervention will last 12 weeks. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 35 to 65 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (3 listed)
- Office blood pressure between 130-179 and 80-110 mmHg for systolic and diastolic blood pressure, respectively;
- Non-engaged in structured exercise programs in the last 3 months before the beginning of this study;
- Able to perform the proposed exercises.
Key exclusion criteria (5 listed)
- Underlying cardiovascular disease in the last 24 months such as acute myocardial infarction, angina, stroke or heart failure;
- Diseases that reduce life expectancy;
- Smokers;
- BMI >39.9 kg/m²;
- Diabetic proliferative retinopathy.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Beach tennis training groupBeach Tennis Training Group (BTG) will perform two sessions of 40-60 min of beach tennis during 12 weeks. BT sessions will be composed by a warm up of 5-10 min of BT technical exercises (i.e., serve, volley, forehand and backhand exercises) followed by 3 BT small games of 10-15 min each. | Behavioural | Beach tennis training group |
Primary outcome
Ambulatory Blood Pressure
Time frame: Change from baseline 24-hour systolic blood pressure at 12 weeks
24h ambulatory blood pressure measured through automatic oscillometric device
9 secondary outcomes
Systolic blood pressure
Time frame: Will be measured during intervention period throughout the first session of weeks 1, 4, 5, 8, 9 and 12.
Diastolic blood pressure
Time frame: Will be measured during intervention period throughout the first session of weeks 1, 4, 5, 8, 9 and 12.
Cardiorespiratory fitness (Oxygen consumption at peak)
Time frame: Change from baseline VO2peak at 12 weeks
Muscle strength (Test of hand grip strength)
Time frame: Change from baseline handgrip at 12 weeks
Muscle strength (Chair-stand test)
Time frame: Change from baseline Chair-stand test at 12 weeks
Muscle strength (Chair-stand test)
Time frame: Change from baseline Chair-stand test at 12 weeks
Power muscle
Time frame: Change from baseline vertical countermovement jump at 12 weeks
Quality of life (WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire)
Time frame: Change from baseline QoL score at 12 weeks
Enjoyment (PACES questionnaire)
Time frame: Will be measured during intervention period throughout the first session of weeks 1, 4, 5, 8, 9 and 12.
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 20 Nov 2025.
- Results publication: PubMed 33407276Ferrari R, de Oliveira Carpes L, Domingues LB, Jacobsen A, Frank P, Jung N, Santini J, Fuchs SC; BAH Study Group. Effect of recreational beach tennis on ambulatory blood pressure and physical fitness in hypertensive individuals (BAH study): rationale and study protocol. BMC Public Health. 2021 Jan 6;21(1):56. doi: 10.1186/s12889-020-10117-5.
- Results publication: PubMed 39248124Ferrari R, de Oliveira Carpes L, Betti Domingues L, Mallmann Schneider V, Leal R, Tanaka H, Jung N; The BAH Study Group. Recreational beach tennis training reduces ambulatory blood pressure in adults with hypertension: a randomized clinical trial. J Hypertens. 2024 Dec 1;42(12):2122-2130. doi: 10.1097/HJH.0000000000003850. Epub 2024 Aug 26.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: Undecided
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Rodrigo Ferrari, PhD principal investigator
Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Beach tennis training group in people with Hypertension, run by Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre at 1 site in Brazil.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 3 inclusion and 5 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 20 Nov 2025. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Brazil. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Ambulatory Blood Pressure (time frame: Change from baseline 24-hour systolic blood pressure at 12 weeks). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT03909321, which also lists 2 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 20 Nov 2025.