Opioid-use DisorderPhase 4NCT03993392
SUBLOCADE Rapid Initiation Study
A Phase 4 study testing TM buprenorphine and SUBLOCADE in people with Opioid-use Disorder, run by Indivior Inc. at 1 site in United States.
Trial summary
This study is to evaluate the safety and tolerability of initiating SUBLOCADE™ treatment following a shorter period of transmucosal (TM) buprenorphine treatment. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 years and older
- Conditions the study is for
- Opioid-use Disorder
- What is being tested?
- TM buprenorphine and SUBLOCADE
- Type of treatment
- Injection or infusion
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 26 participants
- Where
- 1 siteUnited States
- Study dates
- 29 Aug 2019to 26 Dec 2019
- Phase
- Phase 4
- Are there results?
- Yes, posted in the registrySummary in the doctors' view
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 years and older
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Signed the informed consent form (ICF) and have the ability to comply with the requirements and restrictions listed therein.
- Documented history of moderate or severe opioid use disorder (OUD) as defined by Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition (DSM-5).
- Seeking buprenorphine-assisted treatment for OUD and is an appropriate candidate in the opinion of the Investigator or medically qualified sub-Investigator.
- A female subject is eligible to participate if she is not pregnant (as confirmed by a negative urine human chorionic gonadotrophin test), is not lactating and, if of childbearing potential, agrees not to become pregnant while on the study and use medically acceptable means of contraception while on the study.
Who cannot join
- Current diagnosis, other than OUD, requiring chronic opioid treatment.
- Meet DSM-5 criteria for severe alcohol-use disorder.
- Has received any medication assisted treatment within 2 weeks.
- Concurrent or prior treatment with any long-acting depot form of buprenorphine containing products.
- Concurrent treatment with another investigational agent or enrolment in another clinical study (except for an observational study) or treatment with another investigational agent within 30 days prior to screening.
- Concurrent treatment with medications contraindicated for use with buprenorphine as per local prescribing information, including benzodiazepines or any other central nervous system depressants.
Show all 16Show fewer
- Significant traumatic injury, major surgical procedure (as defined by the Investigator) within 30 days prior to Day 1 or still recovering from prior surgery.
- Any other active medical condition, organ disease or concurrent medication or treatment that may either compromise subject safety or interfere with study endpoints.
- Congenital long QT syndrome, history of prolonged QT in the 3 months prior to screening, or a corrected QT interval (Fridericia's - QTcF) >450 msec (male) or >470 msec (female), or history of risk factors for Torsades de Pointes. Known personal and/or family history of congenital QT prolongation, or taking Class IA antiarrhythmic medications (e.g., quinidine, procainamide, disopyramide) or Class III antiarrhythmic medications (e.g., sotalol, amiodarone) or other mediations that prolong the QT interval. Known family history of sudden unexplained death.
- Total bilirubin ≥1.5*upper limit of normal (ULN), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) ≥3*ULN, aspartate aminotransferase (AST) ≥5*ULN, serum creatinine >2*ULN at screening.
- Abdominal area unsuitable for SC injections.
- Uncontrolled intercurrent illness including, but not limited to, a medical or psychiatric illness/social situation that would limit compliance with study requirements or compromise the ability of the subject to provide written informed consent.
- Known allergy or hypersensitivity to buprenorphine, ATRIGEL or their excipients.
- Subject to court order requiring treatment for OUD.
- Subjects who are unable, in the opinion of the Investigator or Indivior, to comply fully with the study requirements including those who are currently incarcerated or pending incarceration/legal action.
- Clinic staff and/or subjects who have a financial interest in the study or who have an immediate family member of either the clinic staff and/or Indivior employees directly involved in the study.
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
United States1 site
Hassman Research Institute
Berlin, New Jersey, 08009
About this study
Official title: An Open-label, Rapid Initiation Study for Extended-Release Buprenorphine Subcutaneous Injection (SUBLOCADE)
This study is to evaluate the safety and tolerability of initiating SUBLOCADE™ treatment following a shorter period of transmucosal (TM) buprenorphine treatment.
Read the detailed description
Currently patients who are appropriate candidates for SUBLOCADE™ injection for subcutaneous (SC) use must initiate treatment with TM buprenorphine for a minimum of 7 days before receiving their first injection. This study is to evaluate the safety and tolerability of starting SUBLOCADE treatment following a shorter period.
Adults with moderate to severe opioid use disorder (OUD) not currently receiving medication assisted treatment will be recruited to participate. Prior to receiving TM buprenorphine, subjects will report their last opioid use and be experiencing at least mild withdrawal. Subjects will receive at least one dose of TM buprenorphine to ensure tolerability and that they show no evidence of precipitated withdrawal. If no evidence of intolerability or no precipitated withdrawal occurs, subjects will receive a single injection of SUBLOCADE and remain in the clinic for approximately 48 hours after the injection to assess for safety and tolerability.
- Conditions
- Opioid-use Disorder
- Being tested
- TM buprenorphine, SUBLOCADE
- Medical subject headings
- Opioid-Related Disorders
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
TM buprenorphineDrug
Also called suboxone, subutex, belbuca, zubsolv
4mg TM buprenorphine, investigator choice as to brand
SUBLOCADEDrug
Also called extended release buprenorphine
300mg subcutaneous injection
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| TM buprenorphine followed by SUBLOCADE 300 mg | Experimental | Participants with a diagnosis of OUD stopped use of their current opioid prior to coming to the clinic to be assessed for withdrawal symptoms. If confirmed to be in withdrawal, participants were administered 4 mg transmucosal (TM) buprenorphine. If tolerated without sensitivity, clinical signs of sedation, or precipitated withdrawal, 300 mg SUBLOCADE was administered. Following SUBLOCADE administration, participants remained in the clinic for approximately 48 hours and were assessed for safety and tolerability, as well as for any signs of precipitated withdrawal. Participants returned to the clinic weekly, until the end-of-treatment (EOT) visit (28 days after SUBLOCADE administration). Receives: Drug: TM buprenorphine; Drug: SUBLOCADE |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Participants Who Experienced Any Precipitated Withdrawal Within One Hour After SUBLOCADE Administration
Clinical Opiate Withdrawal Scale (COWS) is an 11-item instrument used to assess signs and symptoms of opioid withdrawal. The score is the sum of the responses for a total range of 0-48. The COWS is commonly used by clinicians treating patients with buprenorphine to monitor the severity of withdrawal. COWS scores below 5 are considered not indicative of withdrawal. Scores from 5 to 12 are considered mild withdrawal; from 13 to 24 moderate withdrawal; 25 to 36 moderately severe withdrawal, and 37-48 severe withdrawal.
Precipitated withdrawal was defined as in increase in Clinical Opioid Withdrawal Scale (COWS) score by ≥6 from the pre-SUBLOCADE value within 1 hour SUBLOCADE injection.
Measured: Day 1: Pre-SUBLOCADE evaluation taken after TM buprenorphine treatment and prior to injection: SUBLOCADE evaluation taken within one hour of SUBLOCADE injection
Secondary outcomes (6)
Participants With Treatment-Emergent Adverse Events (TEAE)
A TEAE was an AE that started after the administration of TM buprenorphine for induction on Day 1.
TEAE=any untoward medical occurrence that develops or worsens in severity after dispensation of the study drug and does not necessarily have a causal relationship to the study drug. Severity was rated by the investigator as mild, moderate and severe, with severe= a marked limitation in activity. Relation of AE to treatment was determined by the investigator. Serious AEs include death, a life-threatening AE, inpatient hospitalization or prolongation of existing hospitalization, persistent or significant disability or incapacity, a congenital anomaly or birth defect, OR an important medical event that jeopardized the patient and required medical or surgical intervention to prevent one of the outcomes listed in this definition. AEs of special interest include SUBOCADE depot removal, occurrences of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) >3*upper limit of normal (ULN) and bilirubin >2*ULN.
Measured: Day 1 to Day 28
Participants With Treatment-Emergent Adverse Events (TEAE) Within 48 Hours Post-SUBLOCADE Injection
A TEAE was an AE that started after the administration of TM buprenorphine for induction on Day 1.
TEAE=any untoward medical occurrence that develops or worsens in severity after dispensation of the study drug and does not necessarily have a causal relationship to the study drug. Severity was rated by the investigator as mild, moderate and severe, with severe= a marked limitation in activity. Relation of AE to treatment was determined by the investigator. Serious AEs include death, a life-threatening AE, inpatient hospitalization or prolongation of existing hospitalization, persistent or significant disability or incapacity, a congenital anomaly or birth defect, OR an important medical event that jeopardized the patient and required medical or surgical intervention to prevent one of the outcomes listed in this definition. AEs of special interest include SUBOCADE depot removal, occurrences of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) >3*upper limit of normal (ULN) and bilirubin >2*ULN.
Measured: Day 1 SUBLOCADE injection up to 48 hours later
Cumulative Number of Participants Who Experienced a >=6 Point Clinical Opiate Withdrawal Scale (COWS) Total Score Increase After SUBLOCADE Administration From the Pre-SUBLOCADE Value at Key Timepoints
COWS is an 11-item instrument used to assess signs and symptoms of opioid withdrawal. The score is the sum of the responses for a total range of 0-48. The COWS is commonly used by clinicians treating patients with buprenorphine to monitor the severity of withdrawal. COWS scores below 5 are considered not indicative of withdrawal. Scores from 5 to 12 are considered mild withdrawal; from 13 to 24 moderate withdrawal; 25 to 36 moderately severe withdrawal, and 37-48 severe withdrawal.
Cumulative number of participants in key timepoints who had a COWS total score increase of ≥6 points from the pre-SUBLOCADE value.
Measured: Day 1: Pre-SUBLOCADE evaluation taken after TM buprenorphine treatment and prior to injection: SUBLOCADE evaluations taken 1, 6, 12, 24 and 48 hours after SUBLOCADE injection.
COWS Total Score Normalized Area Under the Curve (AUC) Through Key Timepoints Post SUBLOCADE Injection
The area under the curve (AUC) for COWS total score from the pre-SUBLOCADE value to a later time point were calculated using the linear trapezoidal method. For each analysis time interval (AUC0-1hr, AUC0-6hrs, AUC0-12hrs, AUC0-24hrs, AUC0-48hrs) the AUC value was normalized across participants for the actual duration (in hours) of the time interval. The normalized AUC for COWS can be interpreted as the averaged AUC per hour or the averaged COWS over a time interval, as if the COWS was measured hourly during that time interval.
Participants were included in a given interval if they had a pre-SUBLOCADE COWS assessment and a COWS assessment at the terminal timepoint for the interval.
Measured: SUBLOCADE injection on Day 1 through 1, 6, 12, 24 and 48 hours after SUBLOCADE injection
Total Score on COWS At Timepoints During the Treatment Period
Clinical Opiate Withdrawal Scale (COWS) is an 11-item instrument used to assess signs and symptoms of opioid withdrawal. The score is the sum of the responses for a total range of 0-48. The COWS is commonly used by clinicians treating patients with buprenorphine to monitor the severity of withdrawal. COWS scores below 5 are considered not indicative of withdrawal. Scores from 5 to 12 are considered mild withdrawal; from 13 to 24 moderate withdrawal; 25 to 36 moderately severe withdrawal, and 37-48 severe withdrawal.
Measured: Day 1 to Day 29
Total Score on Opioid Craving Visual Analogue Scale (OC-VAS) At Timepoints During the Treatment Period
Participants indicated their level of craving for opioids by marking a 100mm visual analogue scale where 0 = no craving and 100 = maximal craving.
Measured: Day 1 to Day 29
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted20 Jun 2019
- Study start29 Aug 2019
- Primary completion26 Dec 2019
- Study completion26 Dec 2019
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Posted resultsParticipant flow, outcome measures and adverse events reported by the sponsor.
- Publications (2)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Opioid-use DisorderStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase 4
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Not applicable
- Intervention model
- Single group
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 26 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Indivior Inc.
- Sponsor type
- Industry (pharma, biotech, devices)
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Howard Hassman, Principal investigator, Hassman Research Institute
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT03993392
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- INDV-6000-403
- Status last verified
- Mar 2025
- First submitted
- 19 Jun 2019
- Last updated
- 25 Mar 2025
- Results posted
- Yes, on ClinicalTrials.gov
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- Yes
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
Hassman H, Strafford S, Shinde SN, Heath A, Boyett B, Dobbins RL. Open-label, rapid initiation pilot study for extended-release buprenorphine subcutaneous injection. Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse. 2023 Jan 2;49(1):43-52. doi: 10.1080/00952990.2022.2106574. Epub 2022 Aug 24.
PubMed 36001871Mariani JJ, Dobbins RL, Heath A, Gray F, Hassman H. Open-label investigation of rapid initiation of extended-release buprenorphine in patients using fentanyl and fentanyl analogs. Am J Addict. 2024 Jan;33(1):8-14. doi: 10.1111/ajad.13484. Epub 2023 Nov 8.
PubMed 37936553
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 25 Mar 2025. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- An Open-label, Rapid Initiation Study for Extended-Release Buprenorphine Subcutaneous Injection (SUBLOCADE)
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT03993392
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- INDV-6000-403
- Conditions
- Opioid-use Disorder
- Phase
- Phase 4
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 26 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Indivior Inc.Industry (pharma, biotech, devices)
- Study start
- 29 Aug 2019 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 26 Dec 2019 (actual)
- Study completion
- 26 Dec 2019 (actual)
- First posted
- 20 Jun 2019 (actual)
- Results
- Posted 9 Dec 2020
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
This study is to evaluate the safety and tolerability of initiating SUBLOCADE™ treatment following a shorter period of transmucosal (TM) buprenorphine treatment.
Detailed description
Currently patients who are appropriate candidates for SUBLOCADE™ injection for subcutaneous (SC) use must initiate treatment with TM buprenorphine for a minimum of 7 days before receiving their first injection. This study is to evaluate the safety and tolerability of starting SUBLOCADE treatment following a shorter period.
Adults with moderate to severe opioid use disorder (OUD) not currently receiving medication assisted treatment will be recruited to participate. Prior to receiving TM buprenorphine, subjects will report their last opioid use and be experiencing at least mild withdrawal. Subjects will receive at least one dose of TM buprenorphine to ensure tolerability and that they show no evidence of precipitated withdrawal. If no evidence of intolerability or no precipitated withdrawal occurs, subjects will receive a single injection of SUBLOCADE and remain in the clinic for approximately 48 hours after the injection to assess for safety and tolerability.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Not applicable
- Intervention model
- Single group
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 1
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| TM buprenorphine followed by SUBLOCADE 300 mg | Experimental | Drug: TM buprenorphine, Drug: SUBLOCADEParticipants with a diagnosis of OUD stopped use of their current opioid prior to coming to the clinic to be assessed for withdrawal symptoms. If confirmed to be in withdrawal, participants were administered 4 mg transmucosal (TM) buprenorphine. If tolerated without sensitivity, clinical signs of sedation, or precipitated withdrawal, 300 mg SUBLOCADE was administered. Following SUBLOCADE administration, participants remained in the clinic for approximately 48 hours and were assessed for safety and tolerability, as well as for any signs of precipitated withdrawal. Participants returned to the clinic weekly, until the end-of-treatment (EOT) visit (28 days after SUBLOCADE administration). |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 years and older
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (4 listed)
- Signed the informed consent form (ICF) and have the ability to comply with the requirements and restrictions listed therein.
- Documented history of moderate or severe opioid use disorder (OUD) as defined by Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition (DSM-5).
- Seeking buprenorphine-assisted treatment for OUD and is an appropriate candidate in the opinion of the Investigator or medically qualified sub-Investigator.
- A female subject is eligible to participate if she is not pregnant (as confirmed by a negative urine human chorionic gonadotrophin test), is not lactating and, if of childbearing potential, agrees not to become pregnant while on the study and use medically acceptable means of contraception while on the study.
Key exclusion criteria (16 listed)
- Current diagnosis, other than OUD, requiring chronic opioid treatment.
- Meet DSM-5 criteria for severe alcohol-use disorder.
- Has received any medication assisted treatment within 2 weeks.
- Concurrent or prior treatment with any long-acting depot form of buprenorphine containing products.
- Concurrent treatment with another investigational agent or enrolment in another clinical study (except for an observational study) or treatment with another investigational agent within 30 days prior to screening.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| TM buprenorphineAlso: suboxone, subutex, belbuca, zubsolv4mg TM buprenorphine, investigator choice as to brand | Drug | TM buprenorphine followed by SUBLOCADE 300 mg |
| SUBLOCADEAlso: extended release buprenorphine300mg subcutaneous injection | Drug | TM buprenorphine followed by SUBLOCADE 300 mg |
Primary outcome
Participants Who Experienced Any Precipitated Withdrawal Within One Hour After SUBLOCADE Administration
Time frame: Day 1: Pre-SUBLOCADE evaluation taken after TM buprenorphine treatment and prior to injection: SUBLOCADE evaluation taken within one hour of SUBLOCADE injection
Clinical Opiate Withdrawal Scale (COWS) is an 11-item instrument used to assess signs and symptoms of opioid withdrawal. The score is the sum of the responses for a total range of 0-48. The COWS is commonly used by clinicians treating patients with buprenorphine to monitor the severity of withdrawal. COWS scores below 5 are considered not indicative of withdrawal. Scores from 5 to 12 are considered mild withdrawal; from 13 to 24 moderate withdrawal; 25 to 36 moderately severe withdrawal, and 37-48 severe withdrawal. Precipitated withdrawal was defined as in increase in Clinical Opioid Withdrawal Scale (COWS) score by ≥6 from the pre-SUBLOCADE value within 1 hour SUBLOCADE injection.
6 secondary outcomes
Participants With Treatment-Emergent Adverse Events (TEAE)
Time frame: Day 1 to Day 28
Participants With Treatment-Emergent Adverse Events (TEAE) Within 48 Hours Post-SUBLOCADE Injection
Time frame: Day 1 SUBLOCADE injection up to 48 hours later
Cumulative Number of Participants Who Experienced a >=6 Point Clinical Opiate Withdrawal Scale (COWS) Total Score Increase After SUBLOCADE Administration From the Pre-SUBLOCADE Value at Key Timepoints
Time frame: Day 1: Pre-SUBLOCADE evaluation taken after TM buprenorphine treatment and prior to injection: SUBLOCADE evaluations taken 1, 6, 12, 24 and 48 hours after SUBLOCADE injection.
COWS Total Score Normalized Area Under the Curve (AUC) Through Key Timepoints Post SUBLOCADE Injection
Time frame: SUBLOCADE injection on Day 1 through 1, 6, 12, 24 and 48 hours after SUBLOCADE injection
Total Score on COWS At Timepoints During the Treatment Period
Time frame: Day 1 to Day 29
Total Score on Opioid Craving Visual Analogue Scale (OC-VAS) At Timepoints During the Treatment Period
Time frame: Day 1 to Day 29
Results and safety
Loading the posted results from ClinicalTrials.gov…
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 25 Mar 2025.
- Posted resultsParticipant flow, baseline, all outcome measures and adverse events.
- Results publication: PubMed 36001871Hassman H, Strafford S, Shinde SN, Heath A, Boyett B, Dobbins RL. Open-label, rapid initiation pilot study for extended-release buprenorphine subcutaneous injection. Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse. 2023 Jan 2;49(1):43-52. doi: 10.1080/00952990.2022.2106574. Epub 2022 Aug 24.
- Results publication: PubMed 37936553Mariani JJ, Dobbins RL, Heath A, Gray F, Hassman H. Open-label investigation of rapid initiation of extended-release buprenorphine in patients using fentanyl and fentanyl analogs. Am J Addict. 2024 Jan;33(1):8-14. doi: 10.1111/ajad.13484. Epub 2023 Nov 8.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Howard Hassman principal investigator
Hassman Research Institute
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A Phase 4 study testing TM buprenorphine and SUBLOCADE in people with Opioid-use Disorder, run by Indivior Inc. at 1 site in United States.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 4 inclusion and 16 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 25 Mar 2025. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
What does this phase mean?
Phase 4 studies take place after a treatment is approved, to learn more about its long-term benefits and risks in everyday use.
Not every study follows the same path, and some studies (observational studies, device studies) have no phase.
Are results available for this study?
Yes. Results are posted in the registry (first posted 9 Dec 2020). A summary is in the For doctors view, and the full results are on ClinicalTrials.gov.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Participants Who Experienced Any Precipitated Withdrawal Within One Hour After SUBLOCADE Administration (time frame: Day 1: Pre-SUBLOCADE evaluation taken after TM buprenorphine treatment and prior to injection: SUBLOCADE evaluation taken within one hour of SUBLOCADE injection). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT03993392, which also lists 2 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 25 Mar 2025; AzTrials last refreshed its copy on 29 Oct 2026.