Resistance ExerciseNCT04028726
Skeletal Muscle Protein Synthesis: Traditional and Cluster Sets
A study testing Back-squat exercise in people with Resistance Exercise, run by University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign at 1 site in United States.
Trial summary
Traditionally, when performing resistance exercise, repetitions are performed in a continuous manner resulting in a decrease in velocity, and thus power output. "Cluster" set is an alternative to counter the reduction in velocity and power output. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 20 to 35 yearsHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Resistance Exercise
- What is being tested?
- Back-squat exercise
- Could I receive a placebo?
- Yes, some participants may receive a placebo
- How many people
- 8 participants
- Where
- 1 siteUnited States
- Study dates
- 25 Aug 2018to 15 Jul 2019
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 20 to 35 years
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult
Who may be able to join
- Resistance-trained adults
- Back squat 1.5x body weight
- 3 years resistance-training experience
- Aged between 20-35 years
Who cannot join
- Tobacco use (previous 6 months)
- Alcohol consumption >10 drinks per week
- Metabolic disorders, diabetes, thyroid disease, hypogonadism
- Heart disease, arrhythmias, asthma
- History of uncontrolled hypertension
- Orthopaedic injury/surgery within the last year
Show all 11Show fewer
- Hepatorenal, musculoskeletal, autoimmune, neuromuscular, or neurologic disease
- Consumed ergogenic levels of nutritional supplements that may affect muscle mass (i.e. creatine, HMB), insulin-like substances, or anabolic/catabolic pro-hormones (i.e. DHEA) within six weeks prior to the onset of the study
- Individuals consuming thyroid, androgenic, or other medications known to affect endocrine function
- Individuals on any medications known to affect protein metabolism (i.e. corticosteroids, non-steroidal anti- inflammatories, or prescription strength acne medications)
- Pregnant
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
Official title: Skeletal Muscle Protein Synthesis After Performance of Traditional and Cluster Set Configurations in Resistance-Trained Young Adults
Traditionally, when performing resistance exercise, repetitions are performed in a continuous manner resulting in a decrease in velocity, and thus power output. "Cluster" set is an alternative to counter the reduction in velocity and power output. Cluster sets incorporate a brief rest (15-30 seconds) between individual repetitions (inter-repetition rest) or group of repetitions (intra-set rest) within a set of resistive exercise. In contrast to traditional set configurations, which result in an almost linear decrease in force, velocity, and power -cluster sets maintain and/or attenuate the loss in power, primarily due to higher velocities.
The purpose of this research is to compare the muscle protein synthesis response to acute bouts of cluster and traditional set configurations. Investigators will assess muscle protein synthesis rates before and after acute resistance exercise in 14 resistance-trained males and females (Age: 20-35; back squat 1.5 x body weight; 3 years of resistance training experience). The volunteers are required to be removed (at least six weeks) from all ergogenic levels of nutritional supplements that have previously been shown to affect protein synthesis. Blood and muscle biopsies will be collected as a part of testing. Further, subjects will be required to perform moderate-to-high intensity resistance exercise.
Read the detailed description
The present study will be testing the effect of rest configuration on muscle protein synthesis. The protocols selected by the researchers were cluster set and traditional set, details will be explained further.
Prior to participation, procedures of the study and the associated risks will be explained to participants prior to enrolling them in the study. Subjects who are interested in participating will be asked to read and sign an informed consent form. If they chose to do so, they will then fill out a medical history questionnaire. Those meeting entry criteria, as identified in the section on Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria, will have their height and weight recorded and blood pressure assessed through use of a blood pressure cuff, followed by determination of body composition by dual x-ray absorptiometry (DXA). DXA is a procedure used to provide researchers with information about body composition using two low dose x-rays. Briefly, participants will be asked to remove all metal objects. They will then be asked to lie on the DXA table where they will be positioned by a trained technician for accurate measurement. The total time of the body composition scan lasts approximately 6-10 minutes depending on the size of the participant. Following determination of body composition, participants will be asked to perform the back squat exercise after demonstration by trained personnel for familiarization with the exercise protocol. The total time associated with consent, body composition assessment, and initial familiarization is approximately 1 to 1.5 hours.
Each participant will be asked to participate in 2 experimental infusion trials, each separated by ≥7 days (Figure 2). The trials will differ in the specific resistance exercise bout performed (CLU or TRD conditions). A standardized evening meal will be provided the night before each experimental infusion. Participants will receive this meal on the 1RM testing day with instructions on when to consume it. Participants will be asked to refrain from any vigorous activities outside of daily living for 72 hours prior to each infusion trial. This will prevent a potential confounding of recently performed exercise on rates of muscle protein synthesis. In addition, subjects will be asked to record their food intake for 3 d before the start of each test day in a food diary that will be provided during the screening.
Subject Activity: On the days of the test, the subject is asked to arrive to Freer Hall by public transport or car in the morning at 8.00 am without eating breakfast (i.e., in the fasting state). After arrival, they will rest on a bed for the majority of the test day (8 - 9.5 h in total). They will perform multiple sets of the back squat exercise with a moderate load (70-75% 1RM) at approximately 10.00 am to 11.00 am each test day. Hereafter, they are asked to rest on a bed again for the remainder of the test day. They will have free access to a restroom, and will be able to work on their laptop, read a book, or watch DVDs during the test day with the exception of during the muscle biopsy procedures.
The resistance training protocols: Participants will perform a dynamic warm-up lasting approximately 5-10 minutes. Following the warm-up, participants will perform two sets of the back squat exercise using a barbell and weight plates with a load equivalent to 40-60% 1RM, as determined through the previous 1RM testing. After 1-2 minutes' rest, participants will perform the back squat using either traditional (4 sets of 10 repetitions with 120 seconds rest) or cluster (4 sets of two clusters of 5 repetitions with 30 seconds between clusters [intra-set rest] and 90 seconds between sets [inter-set rest]) set configurations with a load equivalent to
~70-75% 1RM.Participants will perform both protocols separated by at least 7 days (randomized), thus two trials will be performed. Participants will be asked to perform each repetition as explosively as possible. All testing will be performed on force plate with linear position transducers connected to the bar for determination of force, velocity, and power during the performance of the experiment.
- Conditions
- Resistance Exercise
- Being tested
- Back-squat exercise
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Back-squat exerciseOther
Participants begin with a 5 min dynamic warm-up. Then, they will perform two sets of five repetitions at 40-60% of predetermined 1-repetition maximum (1-RM). The clustered bout will be 4 sets of 2 clusters of 5 repetitions with a 30-second intra-set rest between clusters, and 90-second inter-set rest at a load 70% of 1-RM. The traditional bout will be 4 sets of 10 repetitions with a 120-second inter-set rest at a load 70% of 1-RM.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Cluster set Resistance Training Protocol | Active comparator | Cluster set configuration is the new training approach that it is being tested. Receives: Other: Back-squat exercise |
| Traditional Resistance Training Protocol | Sham comparator | Traditional is commonly used in training sessions. Receives: Other: Back-squat exercise |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Fractional Synthetic Rate of Myofibrillar Proteins
Myofibrillar muscle protein synthesis rates will be assessed during the 2hr Postabsorptive period (e.g. non-fed state) and the 5hr postprandial period (e.g. fed state) for both experimental interventions (e.g. leucine and leucine peptide). This will allow us to assess the change in fractional synthetic rate from the Postabsorptive period to the postprandial period.
Measured: Postabsorptive for 2 hours, Postprandial for 5 hours
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted23 Jul 2019
- Study start25 Aug 2018
- Primary completion25 Oct 2018
- Study completion15 Jul 2019
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for Resistance ExerciseStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Basic science
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Crossover
- Masking
- Single blind
- Who is masked
- Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 8 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Texas Christian University
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Nicholas Burd, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
- Investigators
- Nicholas Burd, PhD, Principal investigator, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT04028726
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 16987
- Status last verified
- Jul 2019
- First submitted
- 2 Aug 2018
- Last updated
- 24 Jul 2019
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- Yes
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 24 Jul 2019. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Skeletal Muscle Protein Synthesis After Performance of Traditional and Cluster Set Configurations in Resistance-Trained Young Adults
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT04028726
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- 16987
- Conditions
- Resistance Exercise
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 8 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Texas Christian University
- Study start
- 25 Aug 2018 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 25 Oct 2018 (actual)
- Study completion
- 15 Jul 2019 (actual)
- First posted
- 23 Jul 2019 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Traditionally, when performing resistance exercise, repetitions are performed in a continuous manner resulting in a decrease in velocity, and thus power output. "Cluster" set is an alternative to counter the reduction in velocity and power output. Cluster sets incorporate a brief rest (15-30 seconds) between individual repetitions (inter-repetition rest) or group of repetitions (intra-set rest) within a set of resistive exercise. In contrast to traditional set configurations, which result in an almost linear decrease in force, velocity, and power -cluster sets maintain and/or attenuate the loss in power, primarily due to higher velocities.
The purpose of this research is to compare the muscle protein synthesis response to acute bouts of cluster and traditional set configurations. Investigators will assess muscle protein synthesis rates before and after acute resistance exercise in 14 resistance-trained males and females (Age: 20-35; back squat 1.5 x body weight; 3 years of resistance training experience). The volunteers are required to be removed (at least six weeks) from all ergogenic levels of nutritional supplements that have previously been shown to affect protein synthesis. Blood and muscle biopsies will be collected as a part of testing. Further, subjects will be required to perform moderate-to-high intensity resistance exercise.
Detailed description
The present study will be testing the effect of rest configuration on muscle protein synthesis. The protocols selected by the researchers were cluster set and traditional set, details will be explained further.
Prior to participation, procedures of the study and the associated risks will be explained to participants prior to enrolling them in the study. Subjects who are interested in participating will be asked to read and sign an informed consent form. If they chose to do so, they will then fill out a medical history questionnaire. Those meeting entry criteria, as identified in the section on Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria, will have their height and weight recorded and blood pressure assessed through use of a blood pressure cuff, followed by determination of body composition by dual x-ray absorptiometry (DXA). DXA is a procedure used to provide researchers with information about body composition using two low dose x-rays. Briefly, participants will be asked to remove all metal objects. They will then be asked to lie on the DXA table where they will be positioned by a trained technician for accurate measurement. The total time of the body composition scan lasts approximately 6-10 minutes depending on the size of the participant. Following determination of body composition, participants will be asked to perform the back squat exercise after demonstration by trained personnel for familiarization with the exercise protocol. The total time associated with consent, body composition assessment, and initial familiarization is approximately 1 to 1.5 hours.
Each participant will be asked to participate in 2 experimental infusion trials, each separated by ≥7 days (Figure 2). The trials will differ in the specific resistance exercise bout performed (CLU or TRD conditions). A standardized evening meal will be provided the night before each experimental infusion. Participants will receive this meal on the 1RM testing day with instructions on when to consume it. Participants will be asked to refrain from any vigorous activities outside of daily living for 72 hours prior to each infusion trial. This will prevent a potential confounding of recently performed exercise on rates of muscle protein synthesis. In addition, subjects will be asked to record their food intake for 3 d before the start of each test day in a food diary that will be provided during the screening.
Subject Activity: On the days of the test, the subject is asked to arrive to Freer Hall by public transport or car in the morning at 8.00 am without eating breakfast (i.e., in the fasting state). After arrival, they will rest on a bed for the majority of the test day (8 - 9.5 h in total). They will perform multiple sets of the back squat exercise with a moderate load (70-75% 1RM) at approximately 10.00 am to 11.00 am each test day. Hereafter, they are asked to rest on a bed again for the remainder of the test day. They will have free access to a restroom, and will be able to work on their laptop, read a book, or watch DVDs during the test day with the exception of during the muscle biopsy procedures.
The resistance training protocols: Participants will perform a dynamic warm-up lasting approximately 5-10 minutes. Following the warm-up, participants will perform two sets of the back squat exercise using a barbell and weight plates with a load equivalent to 40-60% 1RM, as determined through the previous 1RM testing. After 1-2 minutes' rest, participants will perform the back squat using either traditional (4 sets of 10 repetitions with 120 seconds rest) or cluster (4 sets of two clusters of 5 repetitions with 30 seconds between clusters [intra-set rest] and 90 seconds between sets [inter-set rest]) set configurations with a load equivalent to
~70-75% 1RM.Participants will perform both protocols separated by at least 7 days (randomized), thus two trials will be performed. Participants will be asked to perform each repetition as explosively as possible. All testing will be performed on force plate with linear position transducers connected to the bar for determination of force, velocity, and power during the performance of the experiment.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Basic science
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Crossover
- Masking
- Single blind (outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Cluster set Resistance Training Protocol | Active comparator | Other: Back-squat exerciseCluster set configuration is the new training approach that it is being tested. |
| Traditional Resistance Training Protocol | Sham comparator | Other: Back-squat exerciseTraditional is commonly used in training sessions. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 20 to 35 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult
Key inclusion criteria (4 listed)
- Resistance-trained adults
- Back squat 1.5x body weight
- 3 years resistance-training experience
- Aged between 20-35 years
Key exclusion criteria (11 listed)
- Tobacco use (previous 6 months)
- Alcohol consumption >10 drinks per week
- Metabolic disorders, diabetes, thyroid disease, hypogonadism
- Heart disease, arrhythmias, asthma
- History of uncontrolled hypertension
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Back-squat exerciseParticipants begin with a 5 min dynamic warm-up. Then, they will perform two sets of five repetitions at 40-60% of predetermined 1-repetition maximum (1-RM). The clustered bout will be 4 sets of 2 clusters of 5 repetitions with a 30-second intra-set rest between clusters, and 90-second inter-set rest at a load 70% of 1-RM. The traditional bout will be 4 sets of 10 repetitions with a 120-second inter-set rest at a load 70% of 1-RM. | Other | Cluster set Resistance Training Protocol, Traditional Resistance Training Protocol |
Primary outcome
Fractional Synthetic Rate of Myofibrillar Proteins
Time frame: Postabsorptive for 2 hours, Postprandial for 5 hours
Myofibrillar muscle protein synthesis rates will be assessed during the 2hr Postabsorptive period (e.g. non-fed state) and the 5hr postprandial period (e.g. fed state) for both experimental interventions (e.g. leucine and leucine peptide). This will allow us to assess the change in fractional synthetic rate from the Postabsorptive period to the postprandial period.
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 24 Jul 2019.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
Related trials for Resistance Exercise
Active, not recruiting
Effects of Resistance Exercise on Enthesitis in Patients With Spondyloarthritis
Spondyloarthritis (SpA), Axial Spondylarthritis (axSpA)
Not yet recruiting
Testing a Smartphone App to Support a Mediterranean Diet and Strength Exercise
Treatment Adherence and Compliance, Resistance Exercise
Not yet recruiting
Exercise in Alzheimer's Disease: Functional Biomarkers
Alzheimer's Dementia (AD), Alzheimer Disease (AD)
Enrolling by invitationEarly Phase 1
Truway Diagnostic Tools in Primary Care
Chronic Disease, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), Obesity, Overweight
Active, not recruiting
Flexibility, Resistance, Aerobic, Movement Execution Training in Adults With Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia
Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia
Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Nicholas Burd, PhD principal investigator
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Back-squat exercise in people with Resistance Exercise, run by University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign at 1 site in United States.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 4 inclusion and 11 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 24 Jul 2019. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. Some participants in this study may receive a placebo. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Fractional Synthetic Rate of Myofibrillar Proteins (time frame: Postabsorptive for 2 hours, Postprandial for 5 hours). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 24 Jul 2019.