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Non-Small Cell Lung CancerPhase 1/2NCT04037462

Induction of Sensecence Using Dexamethasone to Re-sensitize NSCLC to Anti-PD1 Therapy

A Phase 1/2 study testing Dexamthasone in people with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer and Immunotherapy, run by VA Office of Research and Development at 1 site in United States.

Terminated

Stopped early. The study ended before it was planned to and will not resume.

Official record
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Trial summary

Lung cancer accounts for 30% of all cancers among American war Veterans and remains the leading cause of cancer related deaths. Half of all lung cancers are metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), with a 2-year survival rate of 10%. Read more about this study

Who is it for?
Ages 18 years and older
Conditions the study is for
Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer, Immunotherapy
What is being tested?
Dexamthasone
Could I receive a placebo?
No, everyone receives an active treatment
How many people
2 participants
Where
1 siteUnited States
Study dates
7 Jul 2021to 23 Feb 2023
Phase
Phase 1/2
Are there results?
Yes, posted in the registrySummary in the doctors' view

Key requirements

Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.

  • Ages 18 years and older
  • All sexes
  • No healthy volunteers
  • Adult, Older adult

Who may be able to join

  • Be willing and able to provide written informed consent/assent for the trial.
  • Be 18 years of age on day of signing informed consent.
  • Have a life expectancy of at least 6 months.
  • Have a histologically confirmed diagnosis of stage IV NSCLC (includes patients who have progressed on durvalumab for Stage III NSCLC) and have at least one measurable lesion based on RECIST v1.1.
  • Have a performance status of 0, 1 or 2 on the ECOG Performance Scale (Appendix 15.1).
  • Demonstrate adequate organ function all screening labs should be performed within 14 days of enrollment.
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  • Female subject of childbearing potential should have a serum pregnancy within 14 days of enrollment and 72 hours prior to receiving the first dose of study medications.
  • Female subjects of childbearing potential must be willing to use a highly effective method of contraception as outlined in Section 6.3.3 for the course of the study through 180 days after the last dose of study medications.
  • Note: Abstinence is acceptable if this is the usual lifestyle and preferred contraception for the subject.
  • Male subjects of childbearing potential must agree to use an adequate method of contraception starting with the first dose of study therapy through 180 days after the last dose of study therapy.
  • Note: Abstinence is acceptable if this is the usual lifestyle and preferred contraception for the subject.
  • Adequate tissue sample for correlative studies. A new sample is not necessary if archival specimen is available and has adequate amount of tumor content (at least 30%). This needs to be determined by a pathologist.

Who cannot join

  • Received palliative radiation within 7 days of enrollment.
  • Has a known history of prior malignancy except if the patient has undergone potentially curative therapy with no evidence of that disease recurrence for 5 years since initiation of that therapy.
  • Note: the time requirement for no evidence of disease for 5 years does not apply to the NSCLC tumor for which a subject is enrolled in the study. The time requirement also does not apply to subjects who underwent successful definitive resection of basal cell carcinoma of the skin, superficial bladder cancer, squamous cell carcinoma of the skin, in situ cervical cancer, or other in situ cancers.
  • Has known active central nervous system (CNS) metastases and/or carcinomatous meningitis. Subjects with previously treated brain metastases may participate provided they are stable (without evidence of progression by imaging for at least four weeks prior to enrollment and any neurologic symptoms have returned to baseline), have no evidence of new or enlarging brain metastases, and are not using steroids for at least 7 days prior enrollment. This exception does not include carcinomatous meningitis which is excluded regardless of clinical stability.
  • Has active autoimmune disease that has required systemic treatment within the past 2 years (i.e. with use of disease modifying agents, corticosteroids or immunosuppressive drugs).
  • Note: Replacement therapy (e.g. thyroxine, insulin, or physiologic corticosteroid replacement therapy for adrenal or pituitary insufficiency, etc.) is not considered a form of systemic treatment.
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  • Subjects requiring daily corticosteroids >10mg of prednisone (or its equivalent) would be excluded from the study.
  • Note: Subjects with asthma that require intermittent use of bronchodilators, inhaled steroids, or local steroid injections would NOT be excluded from the study.
  • Has evidence of interstitial lung disease or a history of non-infectious pneumonitis that required oral or intravenous glucocorticoids to assist with management.
  • Note: Lymphangitic spread of the NSCLC is not exclusionary.
  • Has an active infection requiring systemic therapy.
  • Has known psychiatric or substance abuse disorders that would interfere with cooperation with the requirements of the trial.
  • Subjects with cognitive functioning/impairment based on medical record review ad physician decision.
  • Is pregnant or breastfeeding, or expecting to conceive or father children within the projected duration of the trial, starting with informed consent through 180 days after the last dose of trial treatment.
  • Has a diagnosis of immunodeficiency (including Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) or acquired immunodeficiency (AIDS)-related illness) or is receiving systemic steroid therapy or any other form of immunosuppressive therapy within 7 days prior to enrollment.
  • Has a known history of active TB (Bacillus Tuberculosis).
  • Has known active Hepatitis B or Hepatitis C.
  • Has received a live vaccine within 30 days of enrollment.
  • Note: Seasonal influenza vaccines for injection are generally inactivated flu vaccines and are allowed; however intranasal influenza vaccines (e.g., Flu-Mist) are live attenuated vaccines, and are not allowed.
  • BASELINE CORTICOSTEROID AT STUDY ENTRY - subjects may not be on any steroids (dexamethasone, prednisone, etc) at the time of consent/study start.

Trial locations and contacts

1 site in 1 country.

United States1 site
  • VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, MI

    Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48105-2303

Other trials in United States

About this study

Lung cancer accounts for 30% of all cancers among American war Veterans and remains the leading cause of cancer related deaths. Half of all lung cancers are metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), with a 2-year survival rate of 10%. Immunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy that aims to harness the immune system to fight lung cancer. However, given the modest response rates of 20-25% to these immune checkpoint inhibitors, there is a greater desire to extend their benefits to more patients. Along with the desire to extend their benefits, there is a critical need for the development of novel approaches that can expand the benefit from immune checkpoint inhibitors and create more durable responses, prolonging survival from lung cancer. The investigators' studies show that extended dexamethasone (Dex) treatment induces irreversible cell cycle blockade and a senescence phenotype through chronic activation of the p27Kip1 gene in glucocorticoid receptor (GR) overexpressing lung adenocarcinoma (AC) cell populations. Further, following withdrawal of Dexamethasone, proteins associated with the senescence associated secretory phenotype (SASP) strongly attracted and expanded T-cells, NK cells and monocytes stimulated tumor cell cytolytic activity of NK cells. Therefore, dexamethasone may induce a persistent senescence phenotype in tumor cell sub-populations expressing moderate/high levels of GR and resultant chemokines produced by the senescent cells will mobilize host immune cells to reboot response to immune checkpoint inhibitors following complete Dexamethasone withdrawal.

Read the detailed description

Lung cancer accounts for 30% of all cancers among American war Veterans and remains the leading cause of cancer related deaths. Half of all lung cancers are metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), with a 2-year survival rate of 10%. Immunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy that aims to harness the immune system to fight lung cancer. However, given the modest response rates of 20-25% to these immune checkpoint inhibitors, there is a greater desire to extend their benefits to more patients. Along with the desire to extend their benefits, there is a critical need for the development of novel approaches that can expand the benefit from immune checkpoint inhibitors and create more durable responses, prolonging survival from lung cancer.

Our studies show that extended dexamethasone (Dex) treatment induces irreversible cell cycle blockade and a senescence phenotype through chronic activation of the p27Kip1 gene in glucocorticoid receptor (GR) overexpressing lung adenocarcinoma (AC) cell populations. Further, following withdrawal of Dexamethasone, proteins associated with the senescence associated secretory phenotype (SASP), particularly CCL2, CCL4, CXCL1 and CXCL2 strongly attracted and expanded T-cells, NK cells and monocytes stimulated tumor cell cytolytic activity of NK cells.

Our overarching hypothesis is that in lung adenocarcinoma patients who are not on baseline steroids, pre-treatment with Dexamethasone will induce a persistent senescence phenotype in tumor cell sub-populations expressing moderate/high levels of GR and resultant chemokines produced by the senescent cells will mobilize host immune cells to reboot response to immune checkpoint inhibitors following complete Dexamethasone withdrawal. The investigators will test this hypothesis through the conduct of the following aims.

Specific Aim 1: Use FLT-PET imaging and blood analysis to test whether a 7-14-day pre-treatment of lung adenocarcinoma patients with Dexamethasone followed by Dexamethasone withdrawal will induce persistent senescence related cell cycle arrest in 1 lesion in 60% of patients, (based on GR expression) accompanied by release of SASP proteins and activation of T and NK cells.

Specific Aim 2: Test whether a 7-14-day pre-treatment of lung adenocarcinoma patients with Dexamethasone followed by Dexamethasone withdrawal and subsequent re-challenge with pembrolizumab will yield an overall response rate (ORR) of 33% to pembrolizumab in association with tumor GR status, SASP and immune cell activation.

These aims will be conducted through a Phase II clinical trial designed as a single-arm two-stage study in Veterans whose lung adenocarcinoma has progressed on immune checkpoint inhibitors. Based on the investigators' preliminary data, the investigators expect that Dexamethasone will induce tumor senescence in at least one lesion in 60% of patients and secondarily improve overall response to pembrolizumab by 33%. Success with these aims would inform a larger study that could potentially change the way the investigators approach patients with primary or acquired resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors with an off the shelf medication that could re-sensitize lung adenocarcinoma to immune checkpoint inhibitors. The proposed research could substantially benefit Veterans with metastatic NSCLC, a group with the most genomically complex lung cancers and poor survival.

Being tested
Dexamthasone
Medical subject headings
Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung

What participants receive

What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.

  • DexamthasoneDrug

    escalating doses of pretreatment dexamethasone in patients who have failed initial immunotherapy to 1. assess changes in FLT PET uptake 2. assess overall response rates of pretreatment dexamethasone (dose from 1) on subsequent immunotherapy re-challenge

Study groups in NCT04037462
Study groupRoleWhat they receive
Lead in Dexamethasone followed by immunotherapyExperimentalescalating doses of pretreatment dexamethasone in patients who have failed initial immunotherapy to 1. assess changes in FLT PET uptake 2. assess overall response rates of pretreatment dexamethasone (dose from 1) on subsequent immunotherapy re-challenge
Receives: Drug: Dexamthasone

What is being measured

The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.

  1. Change in Fluoro-3' Deoxythymidine Positron Emission Tomography (FLT-PET) Signal

    In the first stage, three Dex escalation cohorts will be evaluated sequentially from Cohort A to Cohort C until > 2 patients exhibit FLT-PET response (i.e., 30% reduction in FLT-PET uptake in at least one target lesion); otherwise, the trial will be terminated due to futility.

    The SUVmax will be measured at baseline and after Dex run-in and wash out period. For example, in Cohort A, patients will get an FLT- PET at baseline, then receive Dexamethasone 4mg PO BID given for 7 days, followed by taper over 2-4 days and 3 day wash out and then the post-Dex FLT-PET.

    Measured: Baseline and Post DEX (14 days)

Secondary outcomes (1)
  1. Response Rate

    The primary objective in SA 2 is to assess the effect of Dex on pembrolizumab in terms of overall response rate (ORR). Based on pre-clinical and clinical studies, the investigators hypothesize that the true ORR of Dex followed by pembrolizumab will be at least 33% (i.e., p1 = 0.33) vs. the historical control whose ORR is at most 7% (i.e., p0 = 0.07). The ORR will be statistically evaluated when the FLT-PET response trial enters the third stage, where the number of patients with the selected optimal Dex duration will be 21. Otherwise, ORR will be summarized descriptively. The null hypothesis (p0 = 7%) will be rejected if five or more responses are observed in 21 patients, which yields a 1-sided type I error rate of 5% and power of 87% when the true ORR is 33% (i.e. p1 = 33%).

    Measured: 3 months

Timeline

From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.

  1. First posted30 Jul 2019
  2. Study start7 Jul 2021
  3. Primary completion23 Feb 2022
  4. Study completion23 Feb 2023

Why it stopped: Low accrual

Resources

More details

For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.

Study design
Study type
Interventional
Phase
Phase 1/2
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Not applicable
Intervention model
Single group
Model description
In the first stage, three Dex escalation cohorts will be evaluated sequentially from Cohort A to Cohort C until \> 2 patients exhibit FLT-PET response (i.e., 30% reduction in FLT-PET uptake in at least one target lesion); otherwise, the trial will be terminated due to futility. The secondary objective is to assess the effect of Dex on pembrolizumab in terms of overall response rate (ORR).
Masking
None (open label)
Enrolment
2 participants (actual)
IDs, dates and publications
ClinicalTrials.gov ID
NCT04037462
Sponsor's protocol ID
CSDR-002-18F
Status last verified
May 2024
First submitted
26 Jul 2019
Last updated
14 Jun 2024
Data monitoring committee
Yes
FDA-regulated drug
Yes
FDA-regulated device
No
Individual data sharing
No

Questions about this trial

What is this clinical trial studying?

A Phase 1/2 study testing Dexamthasone in people with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer and Immunotherapy, run by VA Office of Research and Development at 1 site in United States.

The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.

Who may be eligible to take part?

The sponsor lists 12 inclusion and 20 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.

Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?

The record says: stopped early, as of the sponsor's last update on 14 Jun 2024. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.

Where is the study taking place?

The record lists 1 site in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.

What are the possible benefits and risks?

They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.

What does this combined phase mean?

Phase 1 studies test a treatment in a small group of people for the first time or in a new way, mainly to check safety and find the right dose.

Phase 2 studies give the treatment to a larger group to see whether it has the intended effect and to keep checking safety.

Not every study follows the same path, and some studies (observational studies, device studies) have no phase.

Are results available for this study?

Yes. Results are posted in the registry (first posted 14 Jun 2024). A summary is in the For doctors view, and the full results are on ClinicalTrials.gov.

How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?

The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.

What does the primary outcome measure?

Change in Fluoro-3' Deoxythymidine Positron Emission Tomography (FLT-PET) Signal (time frame: Baseline and Post DEX (14 days)). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.

Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?

No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.

How often is this information updated?

AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 14 Jun 2024.

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