Body HeightNCT04070638
Within and Between-rater Reproducibility and Validity of a Novel Portable Laser Height Meter
An observational study of Body Height and Lasers, run by Aalborg University Hospital at 1 site in Denmark.
Trial summary
Height may be used to calculate body mass index and reference interval for normal lung function, together with serving as an indicator for possible vertebral fractures in osteoporosis and growth retardation in children. Height is typically measured using the "gold standard" a fixed stadiometer in a clinical setting. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 years and olderHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Body Height, Lasers, Reproducibility of Results
- How many people
- 32 participants
- Where
- 1 siteDenmark
- Study dates
- 26 Aug 2019to 28 Aug 2019
- Phase
- Observational
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 years and older
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult, Older adult
Study population: We expect to enrol approximately 30 adults, 18+ years old men and women in the study. Participants will be recruited through convenience sampling in order to maximise recruitment efforts during the time of the study.
Who may be able to join
- Age 18 years or older.
Who cannot join
- None
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
Height may be used to calculate body mass index and reference interval for normal lung function, together with serving as an indicator for possible vertebral fractures in osteoporosis and growth retardation in children. Height is typically measured using the "gold standard" a fixed stadiometer in a clinical setting. However, newer studies have investigated alternative ways of measuring height using portable measuring devices with laser distance metres. The advantage with this type of measure is the ability to potentially perform reliable measure in settings outside clinical controlled settings. Recently, a measuring device which required adjustments of measuring axes by hand was developed, which resulted in a measurement error of 0.35 cm compared with 0.20-0.30 cm in fixed stadiometers. In order to optimise this, it was suggested that future measuring devices using laser distance meters should be fixed in one or more measurement axes. Thus, a novel portable height device, which is fixated in two axes using a laser distance metre has been developed.
Read the detailed description
Objectives:
Primary objective: To investigate inter- and intra-rater reproducibility of the portable height device
Secondary objectives:To assess agreement between the portable height device and wall-fixed digital stadiometer.
____
Participants: Approximately 30 adults, 18+ years old men and women in the study is expected to be enrolled. Participants will be recruited through convenience sampling in order to maximise recruitment efforts during the time of the study. Data on gender, age, and height will be collected.
____
Ethics: Written informed consent will be obtained from all participants prior to the study. The local ethics committee will be consulted for approval of the study. Approval will also be obtained from the Danish Data Protection Agency.
____
Measuring devices:
Portable laser measuring device: A laser distance meter (Bosch Zamo, Robert Bosch GmbH, Gerlingen-Schillerhöhe, Germany) will be mounted perpendicularly to the end of a wooden lath (3x4x50 cm). The other end of the lath will be mounted perpendicular to a T-shaped metal plate which will fixate the x- and z-axis of the laser measuring device. The portable height device will measure vertically down in its z-axis from the participant's vertex to the floor in front of the participant.
Stadiometer (reference standard): a fixed stadiometer will be used as a reference (Harpenden Stadiometer, Holtain Limited, Crosswell, UK).
____
Procedure:
Measurements will be performed at Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark. Two raters will independently perform height measurements in two separate rooms with each measuring device (portable height device and fixed stadiometer) on all participants. Each rater will perform three measures per device. During measurements, participants will be asked to stand flat on the floor (hard surface) without shoes. Furthermore, participants will be asked to stand with their heels positioned together and against the wall during both type of measurements. Each rater will make sure that participants' heads are be positioned in the Frankfurt plane, and encourage participants to stand with a straight back against the wall.
Stadiometer (reference standard): The measuring device will be pulled down to the skull. Afterwards, the participant will be asked to take a deep breath and hold it, after which the measurement will be performed.
Portable laser measuring device: The lath with the laser distance meter will be placed on top of the participant's vertex and fixated in two axes by holding the T-shaped piece against the wall. The lath will be rotated until the laser distance meter points vertically, which is done using a bubble level mounted on the end of the lath. The laser distance meter will be activated by clicking on the "START" button. Participants are asked to take a deep breath and hold it, after which the measurement will be locked and recorded. Following each measurement, the participant will take a step away from the measuring area and afterwards step back again to replicate the measurement procedure.
Blinding: All 30 participants will be measured using the laser distance meter first by each rater. When this stage is complete, measurements will be secured and inaccessible, in order to blind the raters when performing stadiometer measurements afterwards. It is assumed that each rater will not be able to remember each participants' height when 30 participants are measured consecutively. After the stadiometer measurements have been performed, data will also be secured and inaccessible. Afterwards, this entire procedure will be repeated once more. Measurements will be collected using a data capturing tool Research electronic data capture (REDCap).
____
Statistics:
Participants: Age will be reported in mean with standard deviations, and gender will be reported in proportions. Both height measures will have 95% confidence intervals reported.
Agreement:Mean of all three measurements per rater per measuring device per participants will be calculated. The difference between the means will be calculated by subtracting the mean laser measurement from the mean stadiometer measurement. This will also be performed with only the mean of the two first measurements, and finally also the first measurement. Thus, it would be possible to evaluate whether one measurement would have similar agreement with two or three measurements. Bland Altman plots with limits of agreement (LOA) will be generated together with standard error of measurements (SEM) and coefficient of variation (c.v) for all the above-mentioned combinations.
Reliability: Intraclass Correlation Coefficients (ICC) with 95% confidence intervals between measuring devices will be calculated.
Software: Statistics will be performed using Microsoft Excel for Mac version 16.28 (Microsoft Office, Microsoft Corporation, WA) and IBM SPSS Statistics for MacOS version 25.0 (IBM Corporation, Armonk, NY).
____
Conflicts of interest: The authors report no conflicts of interest.
____
Dissemination: This study is planned to be published in an English-language journal. The reporting of the study will follow the current guidelines for reliability and agreement studies (GRRAS).
- Conditions
- Body Height, Lasers, Reproducibility of Results, Anthropometry
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Reliability
Inter- and intra-rater reproducibility of the portable height device
Measured: At baseline
Secondary outcomes (1)
Agreement
Agreement between the portable height device and wall-fixed digital stadiometer
Measured: At baseline
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted28 Aug 2019
- Study start26 Aug 2019
- Primary completion28 Aug 2019
- Study completion28 Aug 2019
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (9)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Body HeightStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by Aalborg University HospitalThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Observational
- Observational model
- Other
- Time perspective
- Cross-sectional
- Enrolment
- 32 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Aalborg University Hospital
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Odense University Hospital
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Gustav Valentin Blichfeldt Sørensen, Aalborg University Hospital
- Investigators
- Stig Andersen, MD, PhD, Study director, Aalborg University Hospital
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT04070638
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 2019-100
- Status last verified
- Oct 2019
- First submitted
- 22 Aug 2019
- Last updated
- 4 Oct 2019
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- Undecided: Data will be available upon reasonable request.
Publications
Deurenberg P, Weststrate JA, Seidell JC. Body mass index as a measure of body fatness: age- and sex-specific prediction formulas. Br J Nutr. 1991 Mar;65(2):105-14. doi: 10.1079/bjn19910073.
PubMed 2043597Renstrom SB, Andersen CS, Pedersen CH, Madsen FF. Correct measurement of height is important when assessing lung function values. Dan Med J. 2012 Feb;59(2):A4376.
PubMed 22293049Siminoski K, Warshawski RS, Jen H, Lee K. The accuracy of historical height loss for the detection of vertebral fractures in postmenopausal women. Osteoporos Int. 2006 Feb;17(2):290-6. doi: 10.1007/s00198-005-2017-y. Epub 2005 Sep 6.
PubMed 16143833Duggan MB. Anthropometry as a tool for measuring malnutrition: impact of the new WHO growth standards and reference. Ann Trop Paediatr. 2010;30(1):1-17. doi: 10.1179/146532810X12637745451834.
PubMed 20196929Voss LD, Bailey BJ, Cumming K, Wilkin TJ, Betts PR. The reliability of height measurement (the Wessex Growth Study). Arch Dis Child. 1990 Dec;65(12):1340-4. doi: 10.1136/adc.65.12.1340.
PubMed 2270942Mayol-Kreiser SN, Garcia-Turner VM, Johnston CS. Examining the utility of a laser device for measuring height in free-living adults and children. Nutr J. 2015 Sep 8;14:93. doi: 10.1186/s12937-015-0082-4.
PubMed 26350125Bauman A, Ernst K, Hayden M, Roe DJ, Murray R, Agawo M, Munga S, Schmahl E, Taren D. Assessing Community Health: An Innovative Tool for Measuring Height and Length. J Trop Pediatr. 2018 Apr 1;64(2):146-150. doi: 10.1093/tropej/fmx046.
PubMed 28673047Harris PA, Taylor R, Thielke R, Payne J, Gonzalez N, Conde JG. Research electronic data capture (REDCap)--a metadata-driven methodology and workflow process for providing translational research informatics support. J Biomed Inform. 2009 Apr;42(2):377-81. doi: 10.1016/j.jbi.2008.08.010. Epub 2008 Sep 30.
PubMed 18929686Kottner J, Audige L, Brorson S, Donner A, Gajewski BJ, Hrobjartsson A, Roberts C, Shoukri M, Streiner DL. Guidelines for Reporting Reliability and Agreement Studies (GRRAS) were proposed. Int J Nurs Stud. 2011 Jun;48(6):661-71. doi: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2011.01.016. Epub 2011 Apr 23.
PubMed 21514934
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 4 Oct 2019. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Within and Between-rater Reproducibility and Validity of a Novel Portable Laser Height Meter
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT04070638
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- 2019-100
- Conditions
- Body Height, Lasers, Reproducibility of Results, Anthropometry
- Study type
- Observational
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 32 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Aalborg University HospitalUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Odense University Hospital
- Study start
- 26 Aug 2019 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 28 Aug 2019 (actual)
- Study completion
- 28 Aug 2019 (actual)
- First posted
- 28 Aug 2019 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Height may be used to calculate body mass index and reference interval for normal lung function, together with serving as an indicator for possible vertebral fractures in osteoporosis and growth retardation in children. Height is typically measured using the "gold standard" a fixed stadiometer in a clinical setting. However, newer studies have investigated alternative ways of measuring height using portable measuring devices with laser distance metres. The advantage with this type of measure is the ability to potentially perform reliable measure in settings outside clinical controlled settings. Recently, a measuring device which required adjustments of measuring axes by hand was developed, which resulted in a measurement error of 0.35 cm compared with 0.20-0.30 cm in fixed stadiometers. In order to optimise this, it was suggested that future measuring devices using laser distance meters should be fixed in one or more measurement axes. Thus, a novel portable height device, which is fixated in two axes using a laser distance metre has been developed.
Detailed description
Objectives:
Primary objective: To investigate inter- and intra-rater reproducibility of the portable height device
Secondary objectives:To assess agreement between the portable height device and wall-fixed digital stadiometer.
____
Participants: Approximately 30 adults, 18+ years old men and women in the study is expected to be enrolled. Participants will be recruited through convenience sampling in order to maximise recruitment efforts during the time of the study. Data on gender, age, and height will be collected.
____
Ethics: Written informed consent will be obtained from all participants prior to the study. The local ethics committee will be consulted for approval of the study. Approval will also be obtained from the Danish Data Protection Agency.
____
Measuring devices:
Portable laser measuring device: A laser distance meter (Bosch Zamo, Robert Bosch GmbH, Gerlingen-Schillerhöhe, Germany) will be mounted perpendicularly to the end of a wooden lath (3x4x50 cm). The other end of the lath will be mounted perpendicular to a T-shaped metal plate which will fixate the x- and z-axis of the laser measuring device. The portable height device will measure vertically down in its z-axis from the participant's vertex to the floor in front of the participant.
Stadiometer (reference standard): a fixed stadiometer will be used as a reference (Harpenden Stadiometer, Holtain Limited, Crosswell, UK).
____
Procedure:
Measurements will be performed at Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark. Two raters will independently perform height measurements in two separate rooms with each measuring device (portable height device and fixed stadiometer) on all participants. Each rater will perform three measures per device. During measurements, participants will be asked to stand flat on the floor (hard surface) without shoes. Furthermore, participants will be asked to stand with their heels positioned together and against the wall during both type of measurements. Each rater will make sure that participants' heads are be positioned in the Frankfurt plane, and encourage participants to stand with a straight back against the wall.
Stadiometer (reference standard): The measuring device will be pulled down to the skull. Afterwards, the participant will be asked to take a deep breath and hold it, after which the measurement will be performed.
Portable laser measuring device: The lath with the laser distance meter will be placed on top of the participant's vertex and fixated in two axes by holding the T-shaped piece against the wall. The lath will be rotated until the laser distance meter points vertically, which is done using a bubble level mounted on the end of the lath. The laser distance meter will be activated by clicking on the "START" button. Participants are asked to take a deep breath and hold it, after which the measurement will be locked and recorded. Following each measurement, the participant will take a step away from the measuring area and afterwards step back again to replicate the measurement procedure.
Blinding: All 30 participants will be measured using the laser distance meter first by each rater. When this stage is complete, measurements will be secured and inaccessible, in order to blind the raters when performing stadiometer measurements afterwards. It is assumed that each rater will not be able to remember each participants' height when 30 participants are measured consecutively. After the stadiometer measurements have been performed, data will also be secured and inaccessible. Afterwards, this entire procedure will be repeated once more. Measurements will be collected using a data capturing tool Research electronic data capture (REDCap).
____
Statistics:
Participants: Age will be reported in mean with standard deviations, and gender will be reported in proportions. Both height measures will have 95% confidence intervals reported.
Agreement:Mean of all three measurements per rater per measuring device per participants will be calculated. The difference between the means will be calculated by subtracting the mean laser measurement from the mean stadiometer measurement. This will also be performed with only the mean of the two first measurements, and finally also the first measurement. Thus, it would be possible to evaluate whether one measurement would have similar agreement with two or three measurements. Bland Altman plots with limits of agreement (LOA) will be generated together with standard error of measurements (SEM) and coefficient of variation (c.v) for all the above-mentioned combinations.
Reliability: Intraclass Correlation Coefficients (ICC) with 95% confidence intervals between measuring devices will be calculated.
Software: Statistics will be performed using Microsoft Excel for Mac version 16.28 (Microsoft Office, Microsoft Corporation, WA) and IBM SPSS Statistics for MacOS version 25.0 (IBM Corporation, Armonk, NY).
____
Conflicts of interest: The authors report no conflicts of interest.
____
Dissemination: This study is planned to be published in an English-language journal. The reporting of the study will follow the current guidelines for reliability and agreement studies (GRRAS).
Study design
- Observational model
- Other
- Time perspective
- Cross-sectional
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 years and older
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
- Study population
- We expect to enrol approximately 30 adults, 18+ years old men and women in the study. Participants will be recruited through convenience sampling in order to maximise recruitment efforts during the time of the study.
Key inclusion criteria (1 listed)
- Age 18 years or older.
Key exclusion criteria (1 listed)
- None
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Primary outcome
Reliability
Time frame: At baseline
Inter- and intra-rater reproducibility of the portable height device
1 secondary outcome
Agreement
Time frame: At baseline
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 4 Oct 2019.
- Background: PubMed 2043597Deurenberg P, Weststrate JA, Seidell JC. Body mass index as a measure of body fatness: age- and sex-specific prediction formulas. Br J Nutr. 1991 Mar;65(2):105-14. doi: 10.1079/bjn19910073.
- Background: PubMed 22293049Renstrom SB, Andersen CS, Pedersen CH, Madsen FF. Correct measurement of height is important when assessing lung function values. Dan Med J. 2012 Feb;59(2):A4376.
- Background: PubMed 16143833Siminoski K, Warshawski RS, Jen H, Lee K. The accuracy of historical height loss for the detection of vertebral fractures in postmenopausal women. Osteoporos Int. 2006 Feb;17(2):290-6. doi: 10.1007/s00198-005-2017-y. Epub 2005 Sep 6.
- Background: PubMed 20196929Duggan MB. Anthropometry as a tool for measuring malnutrition: impact of the new WHO growth standards and reference. Ann Trop Paediatr. 2010;30(1):1-17. doi: 10.1179/146532810X12637745451834.
- Background: PubMed 2270942Voss LD, Bailey BJ, Cumming K, Wilkin TJ, Betts PR. The reliability of height measurement (the Wessex Growth Study). Arch Dis Child. 1990 Dec;65(12):1340-4. doi: 10.1136/adc.65.12.1340.
- Background: PubMed 26350125Mayol-Kreiser SN, Garcia-Turner VM, Johnston CS. Examining the utility of a laser device for measuring height in free-living adults and children. Nutr J. 2015 Sep 8;14:93. doi: 10.1186/s12937-015-0082-4.
- Background: PubMed 28673047Bauman A, Ernst K, Hayden M, Roe DJ, Murray R, Agawo M, Munga S, Schmahl E, Taren D. Assessing Community Health: An Innovative Tool for Measuring Height and Length. J Trop Pediatr. 2018 Apr 1;64(2):146-150. doi: 10.1093/tropej/fmx046.
- Background: PubMed 18929686Harris PA, Taylor R, Thielke R, Payne J, Gonzalez N, Conde JG. Research electronic data capture (REDCap)--a metadata-driven methodology and workflow process for providing translational research informatics support. J Biomed Inform. 2009 Apr;42(2):377-81. doi: 10.1016/j.jbi.2008.08.010. Epub 2008 Sep 30.
- Background: PubMed 21514934Kottner J, Audige L, Brorson S, Donner A, Gajewski BJ, Hrobjartsson A, Roberts C, Shoukri M, Streiner DL. Guidelines for Reporting Reliability and Agreement Studies (GRRAS) were proposed. Int J Nurs Stud. 2011 Jun;48(6):661-71. doi: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2011.01.016. Epub 2011 Apr 23.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: Undecided. Data will be available upon reasonable request.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Stig Andersen, MD, PhD study director
Aalborg University Hospital
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
An observational study of Body Height and Lasers, run by Aalborg University Hospital at 1 site in Denmark.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 1 inclusion and 1 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 4 Oct 2019. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Denmark. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Reliability (time frame: At baseline). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT04070638, which also lists 9 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 4 Oct 2019.