MRI ScansNCT04171635
Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping (QSM) to Guide Iron Chelating Therapy
An observational study of MRI Scans, run by Weill Medical College of Cornell University at 2 sites in United States.
Trial summary
The overall goal of this research is to help develop a new magnetic resonance (MR) method, Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping (QSM), to improve the measurement of liver iron concentrations without the need for a liver biopsy. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 2 years and olderHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- MRI Scans
- What is being tested?
- Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping (QSM) Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and R2* Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
- Type of treatment
- Surgery or procedure
- How many people
- 55 participants
- Where
- 2 sitesUnited States
- Study dates
- 16 Dec 2019to 31 Dec 2025
- Phase
- Observational
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 2 years and older
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Child, Adult, Older adult
Study population: Healthy subjects will be selected from the community through personal contact and written description of the research, and online advertising. Subjects will be selected at Columbia from those awaiting liver transplant to be enrolled in the study.
Who may be able to join
- Established diagnosis of thalassemia major
- Treatment with deferasirox formulated as Jadenu® as the sole iron chelating therapy (ICT)
- Regular transfusion with records maintained in the Cornell Thalassemia Program
- 2 years of age or older
- Females who are not pregnant
- Men and women aged 21 years or older
Show all 9Show fewer
- Able and willing to give consent
- No known hematological and liver disease
- No contraindications for MRI
Who cannot join
- A history of auditory or ocular toxicity related to ICT
- A history of poor adherence to prescribed therapy
- An inability to tolerate MRI examinations
- Treatment for mental illness
- Institutionalization or imprisonment
Trial locations and contacts
2 sites in 1 country.
United States2 sites
Weill Cornell Medical College
New York, New York, 10021
Columbia University Medical Center
New York, New York, 10032
About this study
Official title: Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping (QSM) to Guide Iron Chelating Therapy in Transfusional Iron Overload
The overall goal of this research is to help develop a new magnetic resonance (MR) method, Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping (QSM), to improve the measurement of liver iron concentrations without the need for a liver biopsy. Measurement of liver iron is important to diagnose and treat patients who have too much iron in their bodies (iron overload). Liver iron measurements by current MRI methods (R2 and R2*) can be inaccurate because of the effects of fat, fibrosis and other abnormalities. QSM should not be affected by these factors and should be free of these errors. In this study, MRI measurements (QSM, R2 and R2*) of iron in patients before liver transplant will be compared with chemical analysis of iron in liver explants (livers removed from patients undergoing liver transplant). The liver explants would otherwise be discarded. Investigators expect that this study will show that the new MRI method, QSM, is superior to the current MRI methods, R2 and R2*.
Read the detailed description
The overall objective of this research is to improve the safety of iron-chelating therapy (ICT) in patients with transfusional iron overload by developing an accurate non-invasive measurement of the liver iron concentration (LIC), the best measure of the body iron burden in all forms of systemic iron overload. The scientific premise is that quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) provides a quantitative biophysical connection to LIC. Safe ICT requires careful adjustment of the iron chelator dose to the body iron burden to optimize iron excretion while avoiding chelator toxicity, including gastrointestinal disorders, audiovisual impairment, neutropenia, arthropathy, growth retardation, and hepatic and renal failure. QSM enables accurate measurement of LIC by overcoming the inherent cellular interference in current R2 (=1/T2) and R2* (=R2+R2') estimates that lack a well-defined biophysical connection to the LIC. A fundamental biophysical limitation of the R2 and R2* approaches is that intravoxel contents other than iron, including fibrosis, steatosis and necroinflammation, also alter relaxation. In the liver, paramagnetic iron stored in ferritin and hemosiderin is the dominant susceptibility source for QSM. Consequently, magnetic susceptibility measured by QSM has a simple linear relationship with the concentration of iron in the liver and is little affected by fibrosis, steatosis and necroinflammation. The investigator's research plan has 3 specific aims:
Aim 1. Develop hQSM for accurate measurement of LIC without interfering errors. Investigators will optimize data acquisition and processing for free-breathing navigator acquisition with robust fat-water separation.
Aim 2. Validate hQSM using histology and chemical measurement of LIC in liver explants. Investigators will assess the accuracies of LICs measured by hQSM and R2* in patients before liver transplant with histologic examination using the reference standard of chemical measurement of LIC in liver explants.
Aim 3. Evaluate hQSM in patients with transfusional iron overload under ICT. In patients regularly transfused for thalassemia major, investigators will conduct a double-blind clinical study comparing the accuracy of hQSM and R2* in measuring annual changes in LIC, using regression against the year-long amount of iron administered in red blood cell transfusions and the year-long cumulative dose of iron chelator.
- Conditions
- MRI Scans
- Being tested
- Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping (QSM) Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), R2* Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
- Keywords
- Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping, Iron chelating therapy, Iron overload, Liver iron concentration, erythrocyte transfusion, liver transplantation, magnetic resonance imaging, thalassemia major
- Medical subject headings
- Iron Overload, beta-Thalassemia
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping (QSM) Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)Radiation
Investigators will validate hepatic QSM (hQSM) using histological examination and chemical measurement of liver iron concentration (LIC). Patients will undergo clinical MRI in Aim 1. In patients with increased LIC their liver explants will undergo MRI, pathological examination, and chemical determination of the LIC.
R2* Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)Radiation
Investigators will be able to validate hQSM in measuring liver iron concentration (LIC) by comparing it to this traditional MRI technique
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Patients with transfusional iron overload | The subject population of patients with transfusional iron overload awaiting liver transplant has been chosen because of the clinical indication for MRI examination every three months and the availability of liver explants for analysis after transplant. Explants will receive QSM or R2* MRI to provide a quantitative biophysical connection to liver iron concentration (LIC). Receives: Radiation: Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping (QSM) Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI); Radiation: R2* Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) | |
| Healthy subjects | Healthy control subjects over the age of 21 with no known hematological or liver disease and no contraindications for MRI Receives: Radiation: Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping (QSM) Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI); Radiation: R2* Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Demonstration of efficacy of quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) MRI in quantifying liver iron concentration (LIC)
Investigators will assess the accuracy of liver iron concentrations measured by QSM in patients before liver transplant with histologic examination using the gold standard chemical measurement of LIC in liver explants.
Measured: Five years
Secondary outcomes (12)
Fibrosis as determined by in vivo R2*, an MRI method that provides quantitative information on iron levels
R2* is an imaging method used in MRI. R2* = (1/T2*) where R2* is a relaxation rate measured in units of Hz ([1/sec]). R2* is commonly used to look at iron levels by measuring the relaxation times of hydrogen nuclei affected by iron. The presence of the iron results in the shortening of proton relaxation times (T2*), thus increasing R2*.
Measured: Five years
Fibrosis as determined by in vitro R2*, an MRI method that provides quantitative information on iron levels
R2* is an imaging method used in MRI. R2* = (1/T2*) where R2* is a relaxation rate measured in units of Hz ([1/sec]). R2* is commonly used to look at iron levels by measuring the relaxation times of hydrogen nuclei affected by iron. The presence of the iron results in the shortening of proton relaxation times (T2*), thus increasing R2*.
Measured: Five years
Fibrosis as determined by in vivo hQSM, an MRI post-processing technique that provides quantitative information on iron levels
Quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) is widely used by the imaging research community in applications to detect iron. Tissue can become magnetized in response to a magnetic field, and the extent of magnetization is known as susceptibility, which arises from unpaired electrons in iron or external sources such as contrast agents. QSM permits visualization of the sizes and shapes of iron sources, delivers precise estimates of iron concentrations (units: parts per billion [ppb] or parts per million [ppm]).
Measured: Five years
Fibrosis as determined by in vitro hQSM, an MRI post processing technique that provides quantitative information on iron levels
Quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) is widely used by the imaging research community in applications to detect iron. Tissue can become magnetized in response to a magnetic field, and the extent of magnetization is known as susceptibility, which arises from unpaired electrons in iron or external sources such as contrast agents. QSM permits visualization of the sizes and shapes of iron sources, delivers precise estimates of iron concentrations (units: parts per billion [ppb] or parts per million [ppm]).
Measured: Five years
Steatosis as determined by in vivo R2*, an MRI method that provides quantitative information on iron levels
R2* is an imaging method used in MRI. R2* = (1/T2*) where R2* is a relaxation rate measured in units of Hz ([1/sec]). R2* is commonly used to look at iron levels by measuring the relaxation times of hydrogen nuclei affected by iron. The presence of the iron results in the shortening of proton relaxation times (T2*), thus increasing R2*.
Measured: Five years
Steatosis as determined by in vitro R2*, an MRI method that provides quantitative information on iron levels
R2* is an imaging method used in MRI. R2* = (1/T2*) where R2* is a relaxation rate measured in units of Hz ([1/sec]). R2* is commonly used to look at iron levels by measuring the relaxation times of hydrogen nuclei affected by iron. The presence of the iron results in the shortening of proton relaxation times (T2*), thus increasing R2*.
Measured: Five years
Steatosis as determined by in vivo hQSM, an MRI post-processing technique that provides quantitative information on iron levels
Quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) is widely used by the imaging research community in applications to detect iron. Tissue can become magnetized in response to a magnetic field, and the extent of magnetization is known as susceptibility, which arises from unpaired electrons in iron or external sources such as contrast agents. QSM permits visualization of the sizes and shapes of iron sources, delivers precise estimates of iron concentrations (units: parts per billion [ppb] or parts per million [ppm]).
Measured: Five years
Steatosis as determined by in vitro hQSM, an MRI post-processing technique that provides quantitative information on iron levels
Quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) is widely used by the imaging research community in applications to detect iron. Tissue can become magnetized in response to a magnetic field, and the extent of magnetization is known as susceptibility, which arises from unpaired electrons in iron or external sources such as contrast agents. QSM permits visualization of the sizes and shapes of iron sources, delivers precise estimates of iron concentrations (units: parts per billion [ppb] or parts per million [ppm]).
Measured: Five years
Necroinflammation as determined by in vivo R2*, an MRI method that provides quantitative information on iron levels
R2* is an imaging method used in MRI. R2* = (1/T2*) where R2* is a relaxation rate measured in units of Hz ([1/sec]). R2* is commonly used to look at iron levels by measuring the relaxation times of hydrogen nuclei affected by iron. The presence of the iron results in the shortening of proton relaxation times (T2*), thus increasing R2*.
Measured: Five years
Necroinflammation as determined by in vitro R2*, an MRI method that provides quantitative information on iron levels
R2* is an imaging method used in MRI. R2* = (1/T2*) where R2* is a relaxation rate measured in units of Hz ([1/sec]). R2* is commonly used to look at iron levels by measuring the relaxation times of hydrogen nuclei affected by iron. The presence of the iron results in the shortening of proton relaxation times (T2*), thus increasing R2*.
Measured: Five years
Necroinflammation as determined by in vivo hQSM, an MRI post-processing technique that provides quantitative information on iron levels
Quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) is widely used by the imaging research community in applications to detect iron. Tissue can become magnetized in response to a magnetic field, and the extent of magnetization is known as susceptibility, which arises from unpaired electrons in iron or external sources such as contrast agents. QSM permits visualization of the sizes and shapes of iron sources, delivers precise estimates of iron concentrations (units: parts per billion [ppb] or parts per million [ppm]).
Measured: Five years
Necroinflammation as determined by in vitro hQSM, an MRI post-processing technique that provides quantitative information on iron levels
Quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) is widely used by the imaging research community in applications to detect iron. Tissue can become magnetized in response to a magnetic field, and the extent of magnetization is known as susceptibility, which arises from unpaired electrons in iron or external sources such as contrast agents. QSM permits visualization of the sizes and shapes of iron sources, delivers precise estimates of iron concentrations (units: parts per billion [ppb] or parts per million [ppm]).
Measured: Five years
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted21 Nov 2019
- Study start16 Dec 2019
- Primary completion31 Dec 2025
- Study completion31 Dec 2025
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for MRI ScansStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Observational
- Observational model
- Cohort
- Time perspective
- Prospective
- Enrolment
- 55 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Weill Medical College of Cornell University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Columbia University, National Institutes of Health (NIH), National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Gary M Brittenham, MD, Principal investigator, Columbia UniversityYi Wang, PhD, Principal investigator, Weill Medical College of Cornell UniversitySujit S Sheth, MD, Principal investigator, Weill Medical College of Cornell University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT04171635
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 1706018263
- Other IDs
- R01DK116126-01A1
- Status last verified
- Feb 2026
- First submitted
- 7 Nov 2019
- Last updated
- 27 Feb 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 27 Feb 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping (QSM) to Guide Iron Chelating Therapy in Transfusional Iron Overload
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT04171635
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- 1706018263
- Conditions
- MRI Scans
- Keywords
- Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping, Iron chelating therapy, Iron overload, Liver iron concentration, erythrocyte transfusion, liver transplantation, magnetic resonance imaging, thalassemia major
- Study type
- Observational
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 55 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Weill Medical College of Cornell UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Columbia University, National Institutes of Health (NIH), National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)
- Study start
- 16 Dec 2019 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 31 Dec 2025 (actual)
- Study completion
- 31 Dec 2025 (actual)
- First posted
- 21 Nov 2019 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
The overall goal of this research is to help develop a new magnetic resonance (MR) method, Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping (QSM), to improve the measurement of liver iron concentrations without the need for a liver biopsy. Measurement of liver iron is important to diagnose and treat patients who have too much iron in their bodies (iron overload). Liver iron measurements by current MRI methods (R2 and R2*) can be inaccurate because of the effects of fat, fibrosis and other abnormalities. QSM should not be affected by these factors and should be free of these errors. In this study, MRI measurements (QSM, R2 and R2*) of iron in patients before liver transplant will be compared with chemical analysis of iron in liver explants (livers removed from patients undergoing liver transplant). The liver explants would otherwise be discarded. Investigators expect that this study will show that the new MRI method, QSM, is superior to the current MRI methods, R2 and R2*.
Detailed description
The overall objective of this research is to improve the safety of iron-chelating therapy (ICT) in patients with transfusional iron overload by developing an accurate non-invasive measurement of the liver iron concentration (LIC), the best measure of the body iron burden in all forms of systemic iron overload. The scientific premise is that quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) provides a quantitative biophysical connection to LIC. Safe ICT requires careful adjustment of the iron chelator dose to the body iron burden to optimize iron excretion while avoiding chelator toxicity, including gastrointestinal disorders, audiovisual impairment, neutropenia, arthropathy, growth retardation, and hepatic and renal failure. QSM enables accurate measurement of LIC by overcoming the inherent cellular interference in current R2 (=1/T2) and R2* (=R2+R2') estimates that lack a well-defined biophysical connection to the LIC. A fundamental biophysical limitation of the R2 and R2* approaches is that intravoxel contents other than iron, including fibrosis, steatosis and necroinflammation, also alter relaxation. In the liver, paramagnetic iron stored in ferritin and hemosiderin is the dominant susceptibility source for QSM. Consequently, magnetic susceptibility measured by QSM has a simple linear relationship with the concentration of iron in the liver and is little affected by fibrosis, steatosis and necroinflammation. The investigator's research plan has 3 specific aims:
Aim 1. Develop hQSM for accurate measurement of LIC without interfering errors. Investigators will optimize data acquisition and processing for free-breathing navigator acquisition with robust fat-water separation.
Aim 2. Validate hQSM using histology and chemical measurement of LIC in liver explants. Investigators will assess the accuracies of LICs measured by hQSM and R2* in patients before liver transplant with histologic examination using the reference standard of chemical measurement of LIC in liver explants.
Aim 3. Evaluate hQSM in patients with transfusional iron overload under ICT. In patients regularly transfused for thalassemia major, investigators will conduct a double-blind clinical study comparing the accuracy of hQSM and R2* in measuring annual changes in LIC, using regression against the year-long amount of iron administered in red blood cell transfusions and the year-long cumulative dose of iron chelator.
Study design
- Observational model
- Cohort
- Time perspective
- Prospective
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Patients with transfusional iron overload | – | Radiation: Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping (QSM) Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), Radiation: R2* Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)The subject population of patients with transfusional iron overload awaiting liver transplant has been chosen because of the clinical indication for MRI examination every three months and the availability of liver explants for analysis after transplant. Explants will receive QSM or R2* MRI to provide a quantitative biophysical connection to liver iron concentration (LIC). |
| Healthy subjects | – | Radiation: Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping (QSM) Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), Radiation: R2* Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)Healthy control subjects over the age of 21 with no known hematological or liver disease and no contraindications for MRI |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 2 years and older
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Child, Adult, Older adult
- Study population
- Healthy subjects will be selected from the community through personal contact and written description of the research, and online advertising. Subjects will be selected at Columbia from those awaiting liver transplant to be enrolled in the study.
Key inclusion criteria (9 listed)
- Established diagnosis of thalassemia major
- Treatment with deferasirox formulated as Jadenu® as the sole iron chelating therapy (ICT)
- Regular transfusion with records maintained in the Cornell Thalassemia Program
- 2 years of age or older
- Females who are not pregnant
Key exclusion criteria (5 listed)
- A history of auditory or ocular toxicity related to ICT
- A history of poor adherence to prescribed therapy
- An inability to tolerate MRI examinations
- Treatment for mental illness
- Institutionalization or imprisonment
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping (QSM) Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)Investigators will validate hepatic QSM (hQSM) using histological examination and chemical measurement of liver iron concentration (LIC). Patients will undergo clinical MRI in Aim 1. In patients with increased LIC their liver explants will undergo MRI, pathological examination, and chemical determination of the LIC. | Radiation | Healthy subjects, Patients with transfusional iron overload |
| R2* Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)Investigators will be able to validate hQSM in measuring liver iron concentration (LIC) by comparing it to this traditional MRI technique | Radiation | Healthy subjects, Patients with transfusional iron overload |
Primary outcome
Demonstration of efficacy of quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) MRI in quantifying liver iron concentration (LIC)
Time frame: Five years
Investigators will assess the accuracy of liver iron concentrations measured by QSM in patients before liver transplant with histologic examination using the gold standard chemical measurement of LIC in liver explants.
12 secondary outcomes
Fibrosis as determined by in vivo R2*, an MRI method that provides quantitative information on iron levels
Time frame: Five years
Fibrosis as determined by in vitro R2*, an MRI method that provides quantitative information on iron levels
Time frame: Five years
Fibrosis as determined by in vivo hQSM, an MRI post-processing technique that provides quantitative information on iron levels
Time frame: Five years
Fibrosis as determined by in vitro hQSM, an MRI post processing technique that provides quantitative information on iron levels
Time frame: Five years
Steatosis as determined by in vivo R2*, an MRI method that provides quantitative information on iron levels
Time frame: Five years
Steatosis as determined by in vitro R2*, an MRI method that provides quantitative information on iron levels
Time frame: Five years
Steatosis as determined by in vivo hQSM, an MRI post-processing technique that provides quantitative information on iron levels
Time frame: Five years
Steatosis as determined by in vitro hQSM, an MRI post-processing technique that provides quantitative information on iron levels
Time frame: Five years
Necroinflammation as determined by in vivo R2*, an MRI method that provides quantitative information on iron levels
Time frame: Five years
Necroinflammation as determined by in vitro R2*, an MRI method that provides quantitative information on iron levels
Time frame: Five years
Necroinflammation as determined by in vivo hQSM, an MRI post-processing technique that provides quantitative information on iron levels
Time frame: Five years
Necroinflammation as determined by in vitro hQSM, an MRI post-processing technique that provides quantitative information on iron levels
Time frame: Five years
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 27 Feb 2026.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Gary M Brittenham, MD principal investigator
Columbia University
Yi Wang, PhD principal investigator
Weill Medical College of Cornell University
Sujit S Sheth, MD principal investigator
Weill Medical College of Cornell University
2 sites in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
An observational study of MRI Scans, run by Weill Medical College of Cornell University at 2 sites in United States.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 9 inclusion and 5 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 27 Feb 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 2 sites in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Demonstration of efficacy of quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) MRI in quantifying liver iron concentration (LIC) (time frame: Five years). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 27 Feb 2026.