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Rheumatoid ArthritisTOFATNCT04175886

Effects of Tofacitinib on Body Composition, Bone Mineral Density and Bone Marrow Adiposity in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis: the TOFAT Project

An observational study of Rheumatoid Arthritis, run by University Hospital, Lille at 1 site in France.

Completed

Finished. The study has ended and is not enrolling. Results may be posted on the official record.

Official record
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Trial summary

Inflammatory rheumatic diseases (IRD), such as rheumatoid arthritis, are characterized by adverse changes in body composition. Lean mass and bone mineral density are usually reduced while adiposity (total fat mass, visceral adiposity…) is increased in comparison with healthy controls. Read more about this study

Who is it for?
Ages 18 years and olderHealthy volunteers can take part
Conditions the study is for
Rheumatoid Arthritis
What is being tested?
Tofacitinib
How many people
10 participants
Where
1 siteFrance
Study dates
25 Feb 2020to 8 May 2023
Phase
Observational
Are there results?
None posted in the registry

Key requirements

Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.

  • Ages 18 years and older
  • All sexes
  • Healthy volunteers accepted
  • Adult, Older adult

Study population: The study population is composed of adult patients with moderately to severely active RA for whom tofacitinib is indicated and who are followed in the department of rheumatology at Lille University Hospital

Who may be able to join

  • Adult patient's ≥18 years old with moderately to severely active Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) (ACR/EULAR criteria )
  • Previously untreated with Janus Kinase (JAK) inhibitors
  • With an indication for tofacitinib will be eligible.
  • All patients will have to be treated with tofacitinib either alone or with methotrexate. -Healthy volunteers should be ≥18 years old.

Who cannot join

  • • treatment with more than three anti-Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha (TNFα). Patients who were receiving anti-TNFα will be required a washout period lasting at least five-half-lives before to start tofacitinib,
  • previously exposed to JAK inhibitors,
  • patients who were receiving non-anti-TNFα biologics (abatacept, tocilizumab, sarilumab or rituximab) will be required a washout period lasting at least five-half-lives before to start tofacitinib
  • Concomitant methotrexate (MTX) will be permitted if started ≥3 months prior to study start and at a stable dose (≤25 mg/week) for ≥4 weeks.
  • history or discovery of an osteoporotic fracture AND/OR T-score≤-3 if ≥50 years AND/OR Z-score ≤-3 if <50 years during the screening phase,
  • current treatment with oral corticosteroids higher than 10 mg prednisone/day,
Show all 10Show fewer
  • pathologies or treatments that could affect the bone metabolism (breast cancer with aromatase inhibitors, gastrointestinal malabsorption, stomach cancer, primary hyperparathyroidism, uncontrolled hyperthyroidism…),
  • weight> 160 kg,
  • patients on restrictive diets or considering such a diet during the study period,
  • patients with an intense exercise program or planning to benefit from it during the study period,

Trial locations and contacts

1 site in 1 country.

France1 site
  • Lille University Hospital

    Lille

Other trials in France

About this study

Inflammatory rheumatic diseases (IRD), such as rheumatoid arthritis, are characterized by adverse changes in body composition. Lean mass and bone mineral density are usually reduced while adiposity (total fat mass, visceral adiposity…) is increased in comparison with healthy controls. Many factors may influence the body composition of those patients such as aging, Disease Modifying Anti-Rheumatic Drugs (DMARDs), nutrition and physical activity.

However, data on body composition and adverse changes under DMARDs in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are actually scarce. This is the case with tofacitinib (targeted synthetic DMARD or tsDMARD) while preliminary data let us think that this treatment may influence body composition and bone mineral density.

This study is going to be the first to focus on changes in body composition (fat mass and lean mass), bone mineral density and bone marrow adiposity under tofacitinib.

Being tested
Tofacitinib
Keywords
rheumatoid arthritis, tofacitinib, body composition, bone marrow adiposity, bone marrow density
Medical subject headings
Arthritis, Rheumatoid

What participants receive

What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.

  • TofacitinibDrug

    Patients will be treated with tofacitinib

Study groups in NCT04175886
Study groupRoleWhat they receive
Patients with rheumatoid arthritisPatients with rheumatoid arthritis with an indication for tofacitinib: 5mgx2 per day
Receives: Drug: Tofacitinib
Healthy subjectsHealthy subjects matched to cases (1:1) on age (±5 years), sex, and menopausal status for women and body mass index (BMI, ±3 kg/m²)

What is being measured

The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.

  1. Variation in visceral adiposity (VAT or Visceral Adipose Tissue) in cm²

    Variation in visceral adiposity (VAT or Visceral Adipose Tissue) in cm²

    Measured: Between the measurement before and after 6 months of tofacitinib treatment (difference before/after).

Secondary outcomes (16)
  1. Measurements of VAT in cm².

    Measurements of VAT in cm²

    Measured: at baseline

  2. Measurements of total fat mass (TBF) in kg, total lean mass (TLM) in kg, appendicular lean mass (aLM) in kg

    Measurements of total fat mass (TBF) in kg, total lean mass (TLM) in kg, appendicular lean mass (aLM) in kg

    Measured: at baseline

  3. Measurements of body fat percentage (%)

    Measurements of body fat percentage (%)

    Measured: at baseline

  4. Measurements of fat mass index (FMI) in kg/m² and skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) in kg/m²

    Measurements of fat mass index (FMI) in kg/m² and skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) in kg/m²

    Measured: at baseline

  5. Measurements of Bone mineral Density (BMD) in g/cm².

    Measurements of Bone mineral Density (BMD) in g/cm².

    Measured: at baseline

  6. Change in body fat percentage (% between measurement

    Change in body fat percentage (%) between measurement

    Measured: Before and after 6 months of tofacitinib treatment (difference before/after).

  7. Change in total fat mass (TBF) between measurement

    Change in total fat mass (TBF) in kg between measurement

    Measured: Before and after 6 months of tofacitinib treatment (difference before/after).

  8. Change in fat mass index (FMI) in kg/m², between measurement

    Change in fat mass index (FMI) in kg/m², between measurement

    Measured: Before and after 6 months of tofacitinib treatment (difference before/after).

  9. Change in total lean mass (TLM, kg) and appendicular lean mass (aLM) in kg between measurement

    Change in total lean mass (TLM, kg) and appendicular lean mass (aLM) in kg between measurement

    Measured: Before and after 6 months of tofacitinib treatment (difference before/after).

  10. Change in skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) in kg/m² between measurement

    Change in skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) in kg/m² between measurement

    Measured: Before and after 6 months of tofacitinib treatment (difference before/after).

  11. Change in BMD (in g/cm²) at the lumbar spine (L1-L4) and non-dominant total hip between measurement

    Change in BMD (in g/cm²) at the lumbar spine (L1-L4) and non-dominant total hip between measurement

    Measured: Before and after 6 months of tofacitinib treatment (difference before/after).

  12. Variation of bone remodelling markers (Cross-laps (CTX) and Type I procollagen N-terminal propeptide (P1NP)) between measurement

    Variation of bone remodelling markers (Cross-laps (CTX) and Type I procollagen N-terminal propeptide (P1NP)) between measurement

    Measured: Before and after 6 months of tofacitinib treatment.

  13. Variation in leptin (ng/ml) between measurement.

    Variation in leptin (ng/ml) between measurement.

    Measured: Before and after 6 months of tofacitinib treatment

  14. Change in bone marrow adiposity (%) at the lumbar spine between measurement

    Change in bone marrow adiposity (%) at the lumbar spine between measurement

    Measured: Before and after 6 months of tofacitinib treatment.

  15. Variation in Short Physical Performance Battery Protocol (SPPB) between measurement

    Variation in Short Physical Performance Battery Protocol (SPPB) between measurement

    Measured: Before and after 6 months of tofacitinib treatment.

  16. Changes in the parameters of the primary outcome and the secondary outcomes (n°2 to 8)

    Changes in the parameters of the primary outcome and the secondary outcomes (n°2 to 8)

    Measured: Before and after 12 months of tofacitinib treatment.

Timeline

From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.

  1. First posted25 Nov 2019
  2. Study start25 Feb 2020
  3. Primary completion8 May 2023
  4. Study completion8 May 2023

Resources

More details

For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.

Study design
Study type
Observational
Observational model
Case-control
Time perspective
Prospective
Enrolment
10 participants (actual)
IDs, dates and publications
ClinicalTrials.gov ID
NCT04175886
Sponsor's protocol ID
2018_38
Other IDs
2019-001159-37, 2019
Acronym
TOFAT
Status last verified
May 2023
First submitted
20 Nov 2019
Last updated
22 Apr 2026
Results posted
No
Data monitoring committee
Yes
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No

Publications

  • Dodington DW, Desai HR, Woo M. JAK/STAT - Emerging Players in Metabolism. Trends Endocrinol Metab. 2018 Jan;29(1):55-65. doi: 10.1016/j.tem.2017.11.001. Epub 2017 Nov 27.

    PubMed 29191719
  • Fleischmann RM, Huizinga TW, Kavanaugh AF, Wilkinson B, Kwok K, DeMasi R, van Vollenhoven RF. Efficacy of tofacitinib monotherapy in methotrexate-naive patients with early or established rheumatoid arthritis. RMD Open. 2016 Jul 26;2(2):e000262. doi: 10.1136/rmdopen-2016-000262. eCollection 2016.

    PubMed 27493790
  • Tatsumi Y, Nakao YM, Masuda I, Higashiyama A, Takegami M, Nishimura K, Watanabe M, Ohkubo T, Okamura T, Miyamoto Y. Risk for metabolic diseases in normal weight individuals with visceral fat accumulation: a cross-sectional study in Japan. BMJ Open. 2017 Jan 16;7(1):e013831. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2016-013831.

    PubMed 28093438
  • Letarouilly JG, Paccou J, Badr S, Chauveau C, Broux O, Clabaut A. Stimulatory Effect of Tofacitinib on Bone Marrow Adipocytes Differentiation. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2022 Jul 6;13:881699. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2022.881699. eCollection 2022.

    PubMed 35873000
  • Book C, Karlsson MK, Akesson K, Jacobsson LT. Early rheumatoid arthritis and body composition. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2009 Sep;48(9):1128-32. doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/kep165. Epub 2009 Jul 13.

    PubMed 19602478
  • Haugeberg G, Uhlig T, Falch JA, Halse JI, Kvien TK. Bone mineral density and frequency of osteoporosis in female patients with rheumatoid arthritis: results from 394 patients in the Oslo County Rheumatoid Arthritis register. Arthritis Rheum. 2000 Mar;43(3):522-30. doi: 10.1002/1529-0131(200003)43:33.0.CO;2-Y.

    PubMed 10728744
  • Toussirot E, Mourot L, Dehecq B, Wendling D, Grandclement E, Dumoulin G; CBT-506. TNFalpha blockade for inflammatory rheumatic diseases is associated with a significant gain in android fat mass and has varying effects on adipokines: a 2-year prospective study. Eur J Nutr. 2014 Apr;53(3):951-61. doi: 10.1007/s00394-013-0599-2. Epub 2013 Oct 31.

    PubMed 24173963
  • Marouen S, Barnetche T, Combe B, Morel J, Daien CI. TNF inhibitors increase fat mass in inflammatory rheumatic disease: a systematic review with meta-analysis. Clin Exp Rheumatol. 2017 Mar-Apr;35(2):337-343. Epub 2016 Dec 13.

    PubMed 27974099
  • Engvall IL, Tengstrand B, Brismar K, Hafstrom I. Infliximab therapy increases body fat mass in early rheumatoid arthritis independently of changes in disease activity and levels of leptin and adiponectin: a randomised study over 21 months. Arthritis Res Ther. 2010;12(5):R197. doi: 10.1186/ar3169. Epub 2010 Oct 21.

    PubMed 20964833
  • Tournadre A, Pereira B, Dutheil F, Giraud C, Courteix D, Sapin V, Frayssac T, Mathieu S, Malochet-Guinamand S, Soubrier M. Changes in body composition and metabolic profile during interleukin 6 inhibition in rheumatoid arthritis. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle. 2017 Aug;8(4):639-646. doi: 10.1002/jcsm.12189. Epub 2017 Mar 18.

    PubMed 28316139

Questions about this trial

What is this clinical trial studying?

An observational study of Rheumatoid Arthritis, run by University Hospital, Lille at 1 site in France.

The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.

Who may be eligible to take part?

The sponsor lists 4 inclusion and 10 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.

Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?

The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 22 Apr 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.

Where is the study taking place?

The record lists 1 site in France. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.

What are the possible benefits and risks?

They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.

Are results available for this study?

The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.

How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?

The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.

What does the primary outcome measure?

Variation in visceral adiposity (VAT or Visceral Adipose Tissue) in cm² (time frame: Between the measurement before and after 6 months of tofacitinib treatment (difference before/after).). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.

Where can I read the original study information?

On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT04175886, which also lists 10 linked publications.

Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?

No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.

How often is this information updated?

AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 22 Apr 2026; AzTrials last refreshed its copy on 7 Nov 2026.

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