Fruit and Vegetable Consumption in ChildrenNCT04190680
Kokkerelli Learning Street Effect Evaluation
A study testing Kokkerelli Learning Street in people with Fruit and Vegetable Consumption in Children, run by Maastricht University Medical Center at 1 site in Netherlands.
Trial summary
In 2012, the Kids University for Cooking Foundation BV has developed a nutrition education programme called 'Kokkerelli Learning Street'. This innovative programme aims to teach primary school students from study years 5-8 where food comes from, how it is processed, and how it can be used for the preparation of a… Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Any ageHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Fruit and Vegetable Consumption in Children
- What is being tested?
- Kokkerelli Learning Street
- Type of treatment
- Lifestyle or therapy programme
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 226 participants
- Where
- 1 siteNetherlands
- Study dates
- 15 Mar 2020to 31 Aug 2022
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- Yes, posted in the registrySummary in the doctors' view
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages Any age
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Child, Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Student of study years five to eight of one of the predetermined primary schools
Who cannot join
- School classes who already participated in the Kokkerelli Learning Street during previous school years
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
In 2012, the Kids University for Cooking Foundation BV has developed a nutrition education programme called 'Kokkerelli Learning Street'. This innovative programme aims to teach primary school students from study years 5-8 where food comes from, how it is processed, and how it can be used for the preparation of a healthy meal.
The Kokkerelli Learning Street is offered to primary school children in the region of Venlo, the Netherlands. The present study will investigate the effects of the Kokkerelli Learning Street on several determinants of children's fruit and vegetable intake. Based on the literature and the aims of the Learning Street, five relevant determinants are selected: (i) knowledge; (ii) taste preferences; (iii) intention; (iv) skills; and (v) attitude.
Read more
Using child-reported questionnaires, the present study aims to answer the following key questions:
What are the short-term and longer-term effects of the Kokkerelli Learning Street on children's:
- Knowledge regarding fruit and vegetable consumption?
- Intentions regarding fruit and vegetable consumption?
- Attitude regarding fruit and vegetable consumption?
- Liking of fruit and vegetables?
- Skills regarding fruit and vegetable preparation?
- Fruit and vegetable intake?
Read the detailed description
In 2012, the Kids University for Cooking Foundation BV has developed a nutrition education programme called 'Kokkerelli Learning Street'. This innovative programme aims to teach primary school students aged 8-12 years (study years 5-8) where food comes from, how it is processed, and how it can be used for the preparation of a healthy meal. The theoretical foundation of the Learning Street is based on the EnRG framework, which states that behaviour is influenced both by conscious and unconscious processes. These processes can (in)directly be influenced by environmental factors. In addition, several behavioural and personal factors are thought to moderate the causal path.
The Kokkerelli Learning Street is offered to primary school children in the region of Venlo, the Netherlands. It involves education based on concepts of the Self-Determination Theory, active learning, and imagineering (e.g., self-experience in an interactive environment, rather than conventional education). The present study will investigate the effects of the Kokkerelli Learning Street on several determinants of children's fruit and vegetable intake. Based on the EnRG framework, other literature and the aims of the Learning Street, five relevant determinants are selected: (i) knowledge; (ii) taste preferences; (iii) intention; (iv) skills; and (v) attitude.
Using child-reported questionnaires, the present study aims to answer the following key questions:
What are the short-term and longer-term effects of the Kokkerelli Learning Street on children's:
- Knowledge regarding fruit and vegetable consumption?
- Intentions regarding fruit and vegetable consumption?
- Attitude regarding fruit and vegetable consumption?
- Liking of fruit and vegetables?
- Skills regarding fruit and vegetable preparation?
- Fruit and vegetable intake?
- Being tested
- Kokkerelli Learning Street
- Keywords
- Nutrition, Fruit and vegetables, School, Children, Prevention
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Kokkerelli Learning StreetBehavioural
The Kokkerelli Learning Street focusses on one specific food product (kale, tomato, asparagus, pepper, strawberry, blue berry, mushroom, carrot, or leek) and consists of multiple components:
- An introduction lesson at school. Children are introduced to the product and familiarised with growing and harvesting processes and the importance of the product regarding health.
- A visit to a grower's farm during which children are introduced to the precise planting, growing and harvesting procedures of the product. Children are allowed to enter the facilities (e.g., the greenhouse) and observe and experience the farming of the product.
- A cooking workshop at the facilities of Kids University for Cooking BV. Children prepare a meal with help of volunteers. After preparing the meal, children help to set the table and consume their self-prepared meal.
- An evaluation lesson at school. Children evaluate the Learning Street together with their peers and teacher.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Kokkerelli Learning Street | Experimental | The classes included in this group will participate in the Kokkerelli Learning Street; a school-based nutrition education programme included classroom-based lessons, a visit to a grower's farm and a cooking workshop. Receives: Behavioral: Kokkerelli Learning Street |
| Control group | No intervention | The classes included in this group will not participate in the Kokkerelli Learning Street and will continue with their regular curriculum. |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Change From Baseline Fruit and Vegetable Knowledge at 3 Months After the Evaluation Lesson
Knowledge will be assessed by six knowledge questions in the child questionnaire. A total knowledge score based on the number of correct answers will be calculated. The minimum score that can be obtained is 0, indicating low knowledge. The maximum score that can be obtained is 6, indicating high knowledge.
Measured: Baseline, directly after the evaluation lesson (approximately three weeks after baseline), three months after the evaluation lesson
Change From Baseline Intention to Consume Fruit and Vegetables at Three Months After the Evaluation Lesson
Questions assessing intention will concern participants' plans to consume or cook a meal containing the specific food product in the future and will be assessed on a scale from 1='I don't know' to 6='yes I will'. A mean score will be calculated to assess intention. The minimum score that can be obtained is 0, indicating low intention. The maximum score that can be obtained is 6, indicating high intention.
Measured: Baseline, directly after the evaluation lesson (approximately three weeks after baseline), three months after the evaluation lesson
Change From Baseline Attitude Towards Fruit and Vegetable (Consumption) at 3 Months After the Evaluation Lesson
Questions for attitude ('How much do you think the target behaviours are clever/interesting and nice/cool/tasty?') will be used as described by Ajzen and Fishbein and as previously used in comparable research. They will have response options ranging from 1='no, not at all' to 5='yes, totally'. A mean score will be calculated to assess attitude.
Measured: Baseline, directly after the evaluation lesson (approximately three weeks after baseline), three months after the evaluation lesson
Change From Baseline Taste Preferences for Fruit and Vegetables at 3 Months After the Evaluation Lesson
Three questions will be used for taste preferences (e.g., 'What do you think about the taste of the food product?') (scale from 1='never tried' to 6='I like it very much'). A mean score will be calculated to assess taste preferences.
Measured: Baseline, directly after the evaluation lesson (approximately three weeks after baseline), three months after the evaluation lesson
Change From Baseline Attitude Towards Healthy Food Products at 3 Months After the Evaluation Lesson
Questions for attitude ('How much do you think the target behaviours are clever, interesting, nice, cool, and tasty?') will be used as described by Ajzen and Fishbein and as previously used in comparable research. They will have response options ranging from 1='no, not at all' to 5='yes, totally'. A mean score will be calculated to assess attitude.
Measured: Baseline, directly after the evaluation lesson (approximately three weeks after baseline), three months after the evaluation lesson
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted9 Dec 2019
- Study start15 Mar 2020
- Primary completion31 Aug 2022
- Study completion31 Aug 2022
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Posted resultsParticipant flow, outcome measures and adverse events reported by the sponsor.
- Other trials for Fruit and Vegetable Consumption in ChildrenStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Prevention
- Allocation
- Non-randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Model description
- The study will consist of one intervention group (several primary school classes that participate in the Kokkerelli Learning Street) and one control group (several primary school classes that don't participate in the Kokkerelli Learning Street and continue with their regular curriculum).
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 226 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Maastricht University Medical Center
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Marla Hahnraths, MSc, Principal investigator, PhD candidate
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT04190680
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 20191129
- Status last verified
- Sep 2023
- First submitted
- 3 Dec 2019
- Last updated
- 16 Dec 2025
- Results posted
- Yes, on ClinicalTrials.gov
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No: It is not our intention to share individual participant data with other researchers.
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 16 Dec 2025. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Kokkerelli Learning Street Effect Evaluation
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT04190680
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- 20191129
- Keywords
- Nutrition, Fruit and vegetables, School, Children, Prevention
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 226 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Maastricht University Medical CenterUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 15 Mar 2020 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 31 Aug 2022 (actual)
- Study completion
- 31 Aug 2022 (actual)
- First posted
- 9 Dec 2019 (actual)
- Results
- Posted 16 Dec 2025
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
In 2012, the Kids University for Cooking Foundation BV has developed a nutrition education programme called 'Kokkerelli Learning Street'. This innovative programme aims to teach primary school students from study years 5-8 where food comes from, how it is processed, and how it can be used for the preparation of a healthy meal.
The Kokkerelli Learning Street is offered to primary school children in the region of Venlo, the Netherlands. The present study will investigate the effects of the Kokkerelli Learning Street on several determinants of children's fruit and vegetable intake. Based on the literature and the aims of the Learning Street, five relevant determinants are selected: (i) knowledge; (ii) taste preferences; (iii) intention; (iv) skills; and (v) attitude.
Using child-reported questionnaires, the present study aims to answer the following key questions:
What are the short-term and longer-term effects of the Kokkerelli Learning Street on children's:
- Knowledge regarding fruit and vegetable consumption?
- Intentions regarding fruit and vegetable consumption?
- Attitude regarding fruit and vegetable consumption?
- Liking of fruit and vegetables?
- Skills regarding fruit and vegetable preparation?
- Fruit and vegetable intake?
Detailed description
In 2012, the Kids University for Cooking Foundation BV has developed a nutrition education programme called 'Kokkerelli Learning Street'. This innovative programme aims to teach primary school students aged 8-12 years (study years 5-8) where food comes from, how it is processed, and how it can be used for the preparation of a healthy meal. The theoretical foundation of the Learning Street is based on the EnRG framework, which states that behaviour is influenced both by conscious and unconscious processes. These processes can (in)directly be influenced by environmental factors. In addition, several behavioural and personal factors are thought to moderate the causal path.
The Kokkerelli Learning Street is offered to primary school children in the region of Venlo, the Netherlands. It involves education based on concepts of the Self-Determination Theory, active learning, and imagineering (e.g., self-experience in an interactive environment, rather than conventional education). The present study will investigate the effects of the Kokkerelli Learning Street on several determinants of children's fruit and vegetable intake. Based on the EnRG framework, other literature and the aims of the Learning Street, five relevant determinants are selected: (i) knowledge; (ii) taste preferences; (iii) intention; (iv) skills; and (v) attitude.
Using child-reported questionnaires, the present study aims to answer the following key questions:
What are the short-term and longer-term effects of the Kokkerelli Learning Street on children's:
- Knowledge regarding fruit and vegetable consumption?
- Intentions regarding fruit and vegetable consumption?
- Attitude regarding fruit and vegetable consumption?
- Liking of fruit and vegetables?
- Skills regarding fruit and vegetable preparation?
- Fruit and vegetable intake?
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Prevention
- Allocation
- Non-randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 2
- Model description
- The study will consist of one intervention group (several primary school classes that participate in the Kokkerelli Learning Street) and one control group (several primary school classes that don't participate in the Kokkerelli Learning Street and continue with their regular curriculum).
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Kokkerelli Learning Street | Experimental | Behavioral: Kokkerelli Learning StreetThe classes included in this group will participate in the Kokkerelli Learning Street; a school-based nutrition education programme included classroom-based lessons, a visit to a grower's farm and a cooking workshop. |
| Control group | No intervention | –The classes included in this group will not participate in the Kokkerelli Learning Street and will continue with their regular curriculum. |
Who may qualify
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Child, Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (1 listed)
- Student of study years five to eight of one of the predetermined primary schools
Key exclusion criteria (1 listed)
- School classes who already participated in the Kokkerelli Learning Street during previous school years
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Kokkerelli Learning StreetThe Kokkerelli Learning Street focusses on one specific food product (kale, tomato, asparagus, pepper, strawberry, blue berry, mushroom, carrot, or leek) and consists of multiple components: 1. An introduction lesson at school. Children are introduced to the product and familiarised with growing and harvesting processes and the importance of the product regarding health. 2. A visit to a grower's farm during which children are introduced to the precise planting, growing and harvesting procedures of the product. Children are allowed to enter the facilities (e.g., the greenhouse) and observe and experience the farming of the product. 3. A cooking workshop at the facilities of Kids University for Cooking BV. Children prepare a meal with help of volunteers. After preparing the meal, children help to set the table and consume their self-prepared meal. 4. An evaluation lesson at school. Children evaluate the Learning Street together with their peers and teacher. | Behavioural | Kokkerelli Learning Street |
Primary outcome
Change From Baseline Fruit and Vegetable Knowledge at 3 Months After the Evaluation Lesson
Time frame: Baseline, directly after the evaluation lesson (approximately three weeks after baseline), three months after the evaluation lesson
Knowledge will be assessed by six knowledge questions in the child questionnaire. A total knowledge score based on the number of correct answers will be calculated. The minimum score that can be obtained is 0, indicating low knowledge. The maximum score that can be obtained is 6, indicating high knowledge.
Change From Baseline Intention to Consume Fruit and Vegetables at Three Months After the Evaluation Lesson
Time frame: Baseline, directly after the evaluation lesson (approximately three weeks after baseline), three months after the evaluation lesson
Questions assessing intention will concern participants' plans to consume or cook a meal containing the specific food product in the future and will be assessed on a scale from 1='I don't know' to 6='yes I will'. A mean score will be calculated to assess intention. The minimum score that can be obtained is 0, indicating low intention. The maximum score that can be obtained is 6, indicating high intention.
Change From Baseline Attitude Towards Fruit and Vegetable (Consumption) at 3 Months After the Evaluation Lesson
Time frame: Baseline, directly after the evaluation lesson (approximately three weeks after baseline), three months after the evaluation lesson
Questions for attitude ('How much do you think the target behaviours are clever/interesting and nice/cool/tasty?') will be used as described by Ajzen and Fishbein and as previously used in comparable research. They will have response options ranging from 1='no, not at all' to 5='yes, totally'. A mean score will be calculated to assess attitude.
Change From Baseline Taste Preferences for Fruit and Vegetables at 3 Months After the Evaluation Lesson
Time frame: Baseline, directly after the evaluation lesson (approximately three weeks after baseline), three months after the evaluation lesson
Three questions will be used for taste preferences (e.g., 'What do you think about the taste of the food product?') (scale from 1='never tried' to 6='I like it very much'). A mean score will be calculated to assess taste preferences.
Change From Baseline Attitude Towards Healthy Food Products at 3 Months After the Evaluation Lesson
Time frame: Baseline, directly after the evaluation lesson (approximately three weeks after baseline), three months after the evaluation lesson
Questions for attitude ('How much do you think the target behaviours are clever, interesting, nice, cool, and tasty?') will be used as described by Ajzen and Fishbein and as previously used in comparable research. They will have response options ranging from 1='no, not at all' to 5='yes, totally'. A mean score will be calculated to assess attitude.
Results and safety
Loading the posted results from ClinicalTrials.gov…
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 16 Dec 2025.
- Posted resultsParticipant flow, baseline, all outcome measures and adverse events.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No. It is not our intention to share individual participant data with other researchers.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Marla Hahnraths, MSc principal investigator
PhD candidate
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Kokkerelli Learning Street in people with Fruit and Vegetable Consumption in Children, run by Maastricht University Medical Center at 1 site in Netherlands.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 1 inclusion and 1 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 16 Dec 2025. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Netherlands. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
Yes. Results are posted in the registry (first posted 16 Dec 2025). A summary is in the For doctors view, and the full results are on ClinicalTrials.gov.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Change From Baseline Fruit and Vegetable Knowledge at 3 Months After the Evaluation Lesson (time frame: Baseline, directly after the evaluation lesson (approximately three weeks after baseline), three months after the evaluation lesson). The study lists 5 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 16 Dec 2025.