Physical Fitness, Basketball, RespiratoryNCT04245904
Comparison of Respiratory Functions and Physical Fitness Parameters of Professional Basketball Players With Sedentary Controls
An observational study of Physical Fitness, Basketball, Respiratory, run by Hacettepe University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
Trial summary
The aim of the study was to compare the professional basketball players and sedentary controls in terms of respiratory function and physical fitness parameters and to investigate the relationship between respiratory function and physical fitness parameters in basketball players. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 35 years, women onlyHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Physical Fitness, Basketball, Respiratory
- How many people
- 42 participants
- Where
- 1 siteTurkey (Türkiye)
- Study dates
- 15 Jan 2019to 8 Jun 2019
- Phase
- Observational
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 35 years
- Women only
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult
Study population: A team playing professional basketball in Turkey in Super League Basketball Women Study (mean age, 24.24 ± 4.96 years), basketball and sedentary individuals of the same age and sex were included on a voluntary basis. Permits were obtained from the necessary institutions before the studies to be made to the athletes. A total of 42 people from 21 people were included in the study according to 5% Type1 error, two-way hypothesis test design and sample size calculation with at least 80% working power. Before the measurement protocols, the participants were informed about the study and informed consent form was obtained.
Who may be able to join
- -
- Female athletes with at least 3 years of professional basketball experience
- Volunteer to participate in the study
- 18-35 years
- Participating in training sessions regularly
- Non-smoking
Show all 12Show fewer
- Do not use any supplements or medicines that affect physical performance
- The inclusion criteria for healthy sedentaries were:
- 18-35 years old women
- Volunteering
- Have never done sports
- No smoking
Who cannot join
- • Doing any sport except basketball
- Chronic respiratory or cardiovascular disease
- Have had respiratory tract infection at least 4 weeks before the test (potential effect on respiratory muscle strength)
- Have had an orthopedic injury in the last 3 months
- Abandoned tests for any reason
- Leaving the team or transferring to another team
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
The aim of the study was to compare the professional basketball players and sedentary controls in terms of respiratory function and physical fitness parameters and to investigate the relationship between respiratory function and physical fitness parameters in basketball players.
Read the detailed description
Basketball is one of the most common team sports in the world, where aerobic and anaerobic power is used together and taking into account the rising number of participants in non-professional leagues, it is especially popular among female athletes from various countries . Basketball players' muscular strength and endurance, power, speed, agility and physical properties such as reaction time are the main factors underlying the performance. In addition to this, respiratory functions are important as well as physical properties in basketball. Because during the maximal exercise, the blood flow to the inspiratory and expiratory muscles accounts for 15% of the total oxygen cost of the exercise. Assessment of the motor skills and physical characteristics of basketball players is very important for the positioning of the player, performance analysis and monitoring the effectiveness of the training. There are many studies examining the physical fitness characteristics of basketball players.However, no study evaluating respiratory muscle strength and endurance in female basketball players was found in the literature.therefore, this study was planned.
- Keywords
- basketball, respiratory, physical fitness
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| proffesional basketball player | Not described | |
| sedentary control | Not described |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
respiratory muscle strenght
Respiratory muscle strength was assessed by an electronic mouth pressure measuring device (Micro Medical, Kent, UK) measuring MIP and MEP according to the American Thoracic Society (ATS) and European Respiratory Society (ERS) criteria . At least three measurements were taken. Between the measurements were given 1 minute rest. MIP was measured during deep inspiration after expiration up to the residual volume. Nasal respiration was prevented with the help of clips by asking the participants to evacuate all air from the nose and they were asked to breathe with maximum inspiratory effort. MEP was measured during deep expiration up to total lung capacity. After nasal breathing was prevented, the person was asked to exhale with maximum effort . Values were calculated according to age and gender variables using Black and Haytt's reference thresholds and recorded as a percentage of expected values.
Measured: day 1
respiratory muscle endurance
Respiratory muscle endurance was measured by the incremental load testing with Power Breathe (HaB International Ltd. Southam, UK). The test was completed when it was not tolerated in case of shortness of breath and fatigue. The duration of the person's performance in different workloads was recorded. A workload level of less than one minute is considered invalid and a lower level is recorded. The results are obtained by multiplying the maximum workload in more than one minute and time values in seconds.
Measured: day 1
Total body weight
Total body weight (kg) of the participants were measured using a digital scale (BC-418 MA, Tanita®, Japan) sensitive to fasting up to 0.1 kg on an empty stomach.
Measured: day 1
Body fat percentage
Body fat percentage (%), of the participants were measured using a digital scale (BC-418 MA, Tanita®, Japan) sensitive to fasting up to 0.1 kg on an empty stomach.
Measured: day 1
fat free mass (FFM)
(FFM) (kg) of the participants were measured using a digital scale (BC-418 MA, Tanita®, Japan) sensitive to fasting up to 0.1 kg on an empty stomach.
Measured: day 1
Body mass index
The body mass index (BMI) of the participants was calculated according to the body weight / height2 (kg / m2) formula according to WHO criteria.
Measured: day 1
VO2max
20 meters shuttle running test: It is a multistage test, commonly used to estimate VO2max, with the first stage being warming up. In this test, individuals performed 2X20 meter shuttle runs between the start and finish lines at a starting speed of 8.5 km / h and incremental speeds of 0.5 km / h per minute. The running speed was determined by automatic warning sounds from the CD player. The test consists of 21 levels and each level lasts 1 minute. The test was terminated when the participant ran out of power or delayed reaching the finish line twice. According to the score form of the test, the level of the participants' running was recorded and the "distance koş considered as the basis for the performance. VO2max total calculated distance was calculated by substituting in the formula (66.88).
VO2max = 20.6 + Final stage completed x3 (88)
Measured: day 2
T-Drill test
T-Drill Test for Agility The T-Drill test was performed using the protocol specified by Semenick (89). The three funnels were placed in the same direction with 5 yards (5 yards = 4.57 m) apart. The other funnel was placed at a distance of 10 yards from the center of the funnels (in the form of the letter T). It includes 5 steps to the left (5 yards = 4.57 m), 10 steps to the right (10 yards = 9.14 m), 5 steps to the left, 10 steps backwards. At the starting point (0 meters), the person finished the test with one of the knees in front and one in the back, then stepping forward, left, right, and backward at maximum speed. Three replicates were taken for each participant. 3 minutes of rest was given between each trial. The measurement results were recorded in seconds. The best score was used for statistical analysis after three trials (90).
Measured: day 2
20 m speed test
The 20 meter (m) speed test was used for the speed values of the participants. Stopwatch was used for 20 m speed test. For the test, two cones at 20 m intervals and three cones in the form of a cone at 25 m were placed in the same direction. Participants were asked to continue up to 25 m so that they did not slow down without completing the test. The starting position of the participant was to place one of his feet not to exceed the exit funnel. The time until the person crossed the cone at 20 m was recorded after the person exited with the signal given while the participant was ready in the starting position. The test was taken 3 times at 2 min intervals. The values were saved in seconds. The shortest time was evaluated.
Measured: day 1
reaction time
The reaction time was measured by Fitlight Trainer ™ (Fitlight Traniner Corperation, Thensvej, Risskov, Denmark). Hand reaction speed test: With the Fitlight TrainerTM, six LED lights placed at certain points on the wall were lit randomly and the person was asked to turn them off as fast as possible. In the protocol, the LEDs were placed according to the physical structure of the person and the number of seconds in which the 29 LEDs were extinguished were recorded in seconds .
Measured: day 2
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted29 Jan 2020
- Study start15 Jan 2019
- Primary completion15 Apr 2019
- Study completion8 Jun 2019
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for Physical Fitness, Basketball, RespiratoryStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by Hacettepe UniversityThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Observational
- Observational model
- Case-control
- Time perspective
- Prospective
- Enrolment
- 42 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Hacettepe University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Hilal GÜNGÖR, Hacettepe University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT04245904
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- GO 19/52
- Status last verified
- Jan 2020
- First submitted
- 28 Dec 2019
- Last updated
- 29 Jan 2020
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 29 Jan 2020. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Comparison of Respiratory Functions and Physical Fitness Parameters of Professional Basketball Players With Sedentary Controls
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT04245904
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- GO 19/52
- Keywords
- basketball, respiratory, physical fitness
- Study type
- Observational
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 42 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Hacettepe UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 15 Jan 2019 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 15 Apr 2019 (actual)
- Study completion
- 8 Jun 2019 (actual)
- First posted
- 29 Jan 2020 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
The aim of the study was to compare the professional basketball players and sedentary controls in terms of respiratory function and physical fitness parameters and to investigate the relationship between respiratory function and physical fitness parameters in basketball players.
Detailed description
Basketball is one of the most common team sports in the world, where aerobic and anaerobic power is used together and taking into account the rising number of participants in non-professional leagues, it is especially popular among female athletes from various countries . Basketball players' muscular strength and endurance, power, speed, agility and physical properties such as reaction time are the main factors underlying the performance. In addition to this, respiratory functions are important as well as physical properties in basketball. Because during the maximal exercise, the blood flow to the inspiratory and expiratory muscles accounts for 15% of the total oxygen cost of the exercise. Assessment of the motor skills and physical characteristics of basketball players is very important for the positioning of the player, performance analysis and monitoring the effectiveness of the training. There are many studies examining the physical fitness characteristics of basketball players.However, no study evaluating respiratory muscle strength and endurance in female basketball players was found in the literature.therefore, this study was planned.
Study design
- Observational model
- Case-control
- Time perspective
- Prospective
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| proffesional basketball player | – | – |
| sedentary control | – | – |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 35 years
- Sex
- Female only
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult
- Study population
- A team playing professional basketball in Turkey in Super League Basketball Women Study (mean age, 24.24 ± 4.96 years), basketball and sedentary individuals of the same age and sex were included on a voluntary basis. Permits were obtained from the necessary institutions before the studies to be made to the athletes. A total of 42 people from 21 people were included in the study according to 5% Type1 error, two-way hypothesis test design and sample size calculation with at least 80% working power. Before the measurement protocols, the participants were informed about the study and informed consent form was obtained.
Key inclusion criteria (12 listed)
- -
- Female athletes with at least 3 years of professional basketball experience
- Volunteer to participate in the study
- 18-35 years
- Participating in training sessions regularly
Key exclusion criteria (6 listed)
- • Doing any sport except basketball
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Primary outcome
respiratory muscle strenght
Time frame: day 1
Respiratory muscle strength was assessed by an electronic mouth pressure measuring device (Micro Medical, Kent, UK) measuring MIP and MEP according to the American Thoracic Society (ATS) and European Respiratory Society (ERS) criteria . At least three measurements were taken. Between the measurements were given 1 minute rest. MIP was measured during deep inspiration after expiration up to the residual volume. Nasal respiration was prevented with the help of clips by asking the participants to evacuate all air from the nose and they were asked to breathe with maximum inspiratory effort. MEP was measured during deep expiration up to total lung capacity. After nasal breathing was prevented, the person was asked to exhale with maximum effort . Values were calculated according to age and gender variables using Black and Haytt's reference thresholds and recorded as a percentage of expected values.
respiratory muscle endurance
Time frame: day 1
Respiratory muscle endurance was measured by the incremental load testing with Power Breathe (HaB International Ltd. Southam, UK). The test was completed when it was not tolerated in case of shortness of breath and fatigue. The duration of the person's performance in different workloads was recorded. A workload level of less than one minute is considered invalid and a lower level is recorded. The results are obtained by multiplying the maximum workload in more than one minute and time values in seconds.
Total body weight
Time frame: day 1
Total body weight (kg) of the participants were measured using a digital scale (BC-418 MA, Tanita®, Japan) sensitive to fasting up to 0.1 kg on an empty stomach.
Body fat percentage
Time frame: day 1
Body fat percentage (%), of the participants were measured using a digital scale (BC-418 MA, Tanita®, Japan) sensitive to fasting up to 0.1 kg on an empty stomach.
fat free mass (FFM)
Time frame: day 1
(FFM) (kg) of the participants were measured using a digital scale (BC-418 MA, Tanita®, Japan) sensitive to fasting up to 0.1 kg on an empty stomach.
Body mass index
Time frame: day 1
The body mass index (BMI) of the participants was calculated according to the body weight / height2 (kg / m2) formula according to WHO criteria.
VO2max
Time frame: day 2
20 meters shuttle running test: It is a multistage test, commonly used to estimate VO2max, with the first stage being warming up. In this test, individuals performed 2X20 meter shuttle runs between the start and finish lines at a starting speed of 8.5 km / h and incremental speeds of 0.5 km / h per minute. The running speed was determined by automatic warning sounds from the CD player. The test consists of 21 levels and each level lasts 1 minute. The test was terminated when the participant ran out of power or delayed reaching the finish line twice. According to the score form of the test, the level of the participants' running was recorded and the "distance koş considered as the basis for the performance. VO2max total calculated distance was calculated by substituting in the formula (66.88). VO2max = 20.6 + Final stage completed x3 (88)
T-Drill test
Time frame: day 2
T-Drill Test for Agility The T-Drill test was performed using the protocol specified by Semenick (89). The three funnels were placed in the same direction with 5 yards (5 yards = 4.57 m) apart. The other funnel was placed at a distance of 10 yards from the center of the funnels (in the form of the letter T). It includes 5 steps to the left (5 yards = 4.57 m), 10 steps to the right (10 yards = 9.14 m), 5 steps to the left, 10 steps backwards. At the starting point (0 meters), the person finished the test with one of the knees in front and one in the back, then stepping forward, left, right, and backward at maximum speed. Three replicates were taken for each participant. 3 minutes of rest was given between each trial. The measurement results were recorded in seconds. The best score was used for statistical analysis after three trials (90).
20 m speed test
Time frame: day 1
The 20 meter (m) speed test was used for the speed values of the participants. Stopwatch was used for 20 m speed test. For the test, two cones at 20 m intervals and three cones in the form of a cone at 25 m were placed in the same direction. Participants were asked to continue up to 25 m so that they did not slow down without completing the test. The starting position of the participant was to place one of his feet not to exceed the exit funnel. The time until the person crossed the cone at 20 m was recorded after the person exited with the signal given while the participant was ready in the starting position. The test was taken 3 times at 2 min intervals. The values were saved in seconds. The shortest time was evaluated.
reaction time
Time frame: day 2
The reaction time was measured by Fitlight Trainer ™ (Fitlight Traniner Corperation, Thensvej, Risskov, Denmark). Hand reaction speed test: With the Fitlight TrainerTM, six LED lights placed at certain points on the wall were lit randomly and the person was asked to turn them off as fast as possible. In the protocol, the LEDs were placed according to the physical structure of the person and the number of seconds in which the 29 LEDs were extinguished were recorded in seconds .
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 29 Jan 2020.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
The record lists no contact. Use the official record to reach the sponsor.
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
An observational study of Physical Fitness, Basketball, Respiratory, run by Hacettepe University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 12 inclusion and 6 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 29 Jan 2020. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
respiratory muscle strenght (time frame: day 1). The study lists 10 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 29 Jan 2020.