Harassment, Non-SexualNCT04247880
The Use of Mentoring to Promote Well-being for Female SMART Members
A study testing Mentoring program in people with Harassment, Non-Sexual and Harassment, Sexual, run by University of Washington at 19 sites in United States.
Trial summary
Women are highly underrepresented in the construction skilled trades. In addition to facing the industry's well-known physical risks, women are subjected to discrimination, harassment, and skills under-utilization. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 21 to 65 years, women onlyHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Harassment, Non-Sexual, Harassment, Sexual, Bullying, Workplace
- What is being tested?
- Mentoring program
- Type of treatment
- Lifestyle or therapy programme
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 96 participants
- Where
- 19 sitesUnited States
- Study dates
- 1 Mar 2021to 31 Dec 2024
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- Yes, posted in the registrySummary in the doctors' view
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 21 to 65 years
- Women only
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- All mentors must be journey-level sheet metal workers that are members of the SMART (International Association of Sheet Metal, Air, Rail, and Transportation Workers) Union. All mentees and control apprentices must be apprentice-level sheet metal workers that are members of the SMART Union, and identify as woman.
Who cannot join
- No exclusions will be made on the basis of sex, race, ethnicity, age, disability or religion for mentors, mentees, and control apprentices. No exclusions will be made on the basis of gender for mentors. For mentees and control apprentices, those that do not identify as a woman will be excluded.
Trial locations and contacts
19 sites in 1 country.
19 sites in 1 country
United States19 sites
Sheet Metal Workers Local 49
Albuquerque, New Mexico, 87106
Sheet Metal Workers Local 85
Atlanta, Georgia, 30315
Columbus Sheet Metal Workers Apprenticeship
Columbus, Ohio, 43219
Sheet Metal Workers Local 9
Denver, Colorado, 80211
Sheet Metal Workers Local 17
Dorchester, Massachusetts, 02124
Sheet Metal Workers Local Union 66
Everett, Washington, 98204
Sheet Metal Workers Local 105
Glendora, California, 91740
Sheet Metal Workers Local 73
Hillside, Illinois, 60162
Hawaii Sheet Metal Workers Local 293
Honolulu, Hawaii, 96817
Sheet Metal Workers Local 20
Indianapolis, Indiana, 46205
Sheet Metal Workers Local 10
Maplewood, Minnesota, 55109
Sheet Metal Workers Local 28
New York, New York, 10013
Sheet Metal Workers Local 19
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19147
Phoenix Area Local 359
Phoenix, Arizona, 85034
Sheet Metal Workers Local 16
Portland, Oregon, 97230
Sheet Metal Workers Local 67
San Antonio, Texas, 78216
Sheet Metal Workers Local 104
San Jose, California, 95131
Sheet Metal Workers Local 63
Springfield, Massachusetts, 01104
Sheet Metal Workers Local 36
St Louis, Missouri, 63103
About this study
Official title: Advancing Women in the Sheet Metal Workers' Trade: A Coordinated Mentoring Program to Promote Safety, Health, and Well-being
Women are highly underrepresented in the construction skilled trades. In addition to facing the industry's well-known physical risks, women are subjected to discrimination, harassment, and skills under-utilization. As a result, tradeswomen have increased risk for injury, stress-related health effects, and high attrition rates from apprenticeship programs, thus perpetuating their minority status. Mentoring is a well-established technique for learning technical and personal navigation skills in new or challenging social environments. The investigators propose development and dissemination of a mentorship program through local unions of the International Association of Sheet Metal, Air, Rail and Transportation Workers (SMART), and evaluating its success in reducing women's injury and work stress, while improving retention.
Read the detailed description
Journey-level workers will be trained on effective mentoring techniques, and matched to approximately 100 women apprentices within participating local unions. Mentees will be followed for two years within the mentorship program, with another 100 women apprentices in locals not receiving the mentorship training similarly followed as controls. The impact of participation in mentoring programs will be measured through apprentices' experience of stress, coping mechanisms, safety climate, and retention in the apprenticeship programs. Specifically, the investigators propose to:
Aim 1: Develop a mentorship training program for journey-level sheet metal workers to assist women apprentices in navigating the challenges faced by women in trades
Aim 2: Disseminate the training and assist locals in developing effective mentorship programs
Aim 3: Evaluate the effectiveness of the mentoring programs specified in Aims 1 and 2
Aim 4: Disseminate the best practices for supporting women apprentices in the skilled trades.
- Conditions
- Harassment, Non-Sexual, Harassment, Sexual, Bullying, Workplace, Mental Stress, Work-Related Condition, Work-related Injury
- Being tested
- Mentoring program
- Medical subject headings
- Harassment, Non-Sexual, Sexual Harassment, Occupational Stress, Stress, Psychological
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Mentoring programBehavioural
Apprentice-level female construction workers will be assigned to a mentor who has gone through a rigorous mentorship training. Participants will be asked to meet with a mentor at least 4 times/year in person to discuss the challenges of being a female in construction, learn coping mechanisms, and otherwise discuss the unique challenges of the job environment.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Mentees | Experimental | This arm consists of apprentice-level, female-identifying construction workers who will receive active mentorship (the intervention) for two years from trained journey-level mentors. Receives: Behavioral: Mentoring program |
| Control Apprentices | No intervention | This arm consists of apprentice-level, female-identifying construction workers who will not receive mentorship. |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Stress
Measures of feelings of stress among the female workers from the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) where higher scores indicate a worse outcome. Minimum value is 0 and maximum value is 40.
Measured: 1 year period
Job Satisfaction
Measures of job satisfaction from the Job Satisfaction Survey (JSS) where higher scores indicate higher job satisfaction. Minimum value is 1 and maximum value is 6.
Measured: 1 year period
Social Support
Measures of social support both in and out of work from the Medical Outcomes Study (MOS) Social Support Survey. Higher scores indicate greater feelings of social support. Minimum value of 1 and maximum value of 5.
Measured: 1 year period
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted30 Jan 2020
- Study start1 Mar 2021
- Primary completion1 Jul 2024
- Study completion31 Dec 2024
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Posted resultsParticipant flow, outcome measures and adverse events reported by the sponsor.
- Other trials for Harassment, Non-SexualStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by University of WashingtonThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Other
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 96 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- University of Washington
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- The Center for Construction Research and Training (CPWR), National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH/CDC)
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Marissa Baker, University of Washington
- Investigators
- Marissa G Baker, PhD, Principal investigator, University of WashingtonLily M Monsey, BA, Study director, University of Washington
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT04247880
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- STUDY00009270
- Other IDs
- U60OH009762-11
- Status last verified
- Aug 2025
- First submitted
- 28 Jan 2020
- Last updated
- 16 Sep 2025
- Results posted
- Yes, on ClinicalTrials.gov
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 16 Sep 2025. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Advancing Women in the Sheet Metal Workers' Trade: A Coordinated Mentoring Program to Promote Safety, Health, and Well-being
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT04247880
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- STUDY00009270
- Conditions
- Harassment, Non-Sexual, Harassment, Sexual, Bullying, Workplace, Mental Stress, Work-Related Condition, Work-related Injury
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 96 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- University of WashingtonUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- The Center for Construction Research and Training (CPWR), National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH/CDC)
- Study start
- 1 Mar 2021 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 1 Jul 2024 (actual)
- Study completion
- 31 Dec 2024 (actual)
- First posted
- 30 Jan 2020 (actual)
- Results
- Posted 16 Sep 2025
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Women are highly underrepresented in the construction skilled trades. In addition to facing the industry's well-known physical risks, women are subjected to discrimination, harassment, and skills under-utilization. As a result, tradeswomen have increased risk for injury, stress-related health effects, and high attrition rates from apprenticeship programs, thus perpetuating their minority status. Mentoring is a well-established technique for learning technical and personal navigation skills in new or challenging social environments. The investigators propose development and dissemination of a mentorship program through local unions of the International Association of Sheet Metal, Air, Rail and Transportation Workers (SMART), and evaluating its success in reducing women's injury and work stress, while improving retention.
Detailed description
Journey-level workers will be trained on effective mentoring techniques, and matched to approximately 100 women apprentices within participating local unions. Mentees will be followed for two years within the mentorship program, with another 100 women apprentices in locals not receiving the mentorship training similarly followed as controls. The impact of participation in mentoring programs will be measured through apprentices' experience of stress, coping mechanisms, safety climate, and retention in the apprenticeship programs. Specifically, the investigators propose to:
Aim 1: Develop a mentorship training program for journey-level sheet metal workers to assist women apprentices in navigating the challenges faced by women in trades
Aim 2: Disseminate the training and assist locals in developing effective mentorship programs
Aim 3: Evaluate the effectiveness of the mentoring programs specified in Aims 1 and 2
Aim 4: Disseminate the best practices for supporting women apprentices in the skilled trades.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Other
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Mentees | Experimental | Behavioral: Mentoring programThis arm consists of apprentice-level, female-identifying construction workers who will receive active mentorship (the intervention) for two years from trained journey-level mentors. |
| Control Apprentices | No intervention | –This arm consists of apprentice-level, female-identifying construction workers who will not receive mentorship. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 21 to 65 years
- Sex
- Female only
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (1 listed)
- All mentors must be journey-level sheet metal workers that are members of the SMART (International Association of Sheet Metal, Air, Rail, and Transportation Workers) Union. All mentees and control apprentices must be apprentice-level sheet metal workers that are members of the SMART Union, and identify as woman.
Key exclusion criteria (1 listed)
- No exclusions will be made on the basis of sex, race, ethnicity, age, disability or religion for mentors, mentees, and control apprentices. No exclusions will be made on the basis of gender for mentors. For mentees and control apprentices, those that do not identify as a woman will be excluded.
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Mentoring programApprentice-level female construction workers will be assigned to a mentor who has gone through a rigorous mentorship training. Participants will be asked to meet with a mentor at least 4 times/year in person to discuss the challenges of being a female in construction, learn coping mechanisms, and otherwise discuss the unique challenges of the job environment. | Behavioural | Mentees |
Primary outcome
Stress
Time frame: 1 year period
Measures of feelings of stress among the female workers from the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) where higher scores indicate a worse outcome. Minimum value is 0 and maximum value is 40.
Job Satisfaction
Time frame: 1 year period
Measures of job satisfaction from the Job Satisfaction Survey (JSS) where higher scores indicate higher job satisfaction. Minimum value is 1 and maximum value is 6.
Social Support
Time frame: 1 year period
Measures of social support both in and out of work from the Medical Outcomes Study (MOS) Social Support Survey. Higher scores indicate greater feelings of social support. Minimum value of 1 and maximum value of 5.
Results and safety
Loading the posted results from ClinicalTrials.gov…
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 16 Sep 2025.
- Posted resultsParticipant flow, baseline, all outcome measures and adverse events.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Marissa G Baker, PhD principal investigator
University of Washington
Lily M Monsey, BA study director
University of Washington
19 sites in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Mentoring program in people with Harassment, Non-Sexual and Harassment, Sexual, run by University of Washington at 19 sites in United States.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 1 inclusion and 1 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 16 Sep 2025. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 19 sites in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
Yes. Results are posted in the registry (first posted 16 Sep 2025). A summary is in the For doctors view, and the full results are on ClinicalTrials.gov.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Stress (time frame: 1 year period). The study lists 3 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 16 Sep 2025.