AzTrials
AzTrials

DiabetesNCT04277117

Meals for Me: Drop Shipment Versus Personally-delivered Meals for Diabetes Management

A study testing Waitlist, Medically tailored meals - Daily delivery with human interaction and Medically tailored meals - Weekly delivery with no human interaction in people with Diabetes, run by University of Texas at Austin at 2 sites in United States.

Active, not recruiting

Under way, not looking for participants. Everyone needed has enrolled. The study is still running.

Official record
Search all trials

Trial summary

This is a three-arm, parallel randomized trial study that will assess the impact of home delivery of medically-tailored meals (MTM) to community-dwelling older adults living with diabetes mellitus type 2 on measurements of diabetes control, mental health, and other exploratory outcomes such as healthcare use. Read more about this study

Who is it for?
Ages 55 to 90 years
Conditions the study is for
Diabetes
What is being tested?
Waitlist, Medically tailored meals - Daily delivery with human interaction and Medically tailored meals - Weekly delivery with no human interaction
Could I receive a placebo?
No, everyone receives an active treatment
How many people
320 participants
Where
2 sitesUnited States
Study dates
5 Dec 2022to 31 Dec 2026
Phase
Interventional
Are there results?
Not yet: the study is under way

Key requirements

Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.

  • Ages 55 to 90 years
  • All sexes
  • No healthy volunteers
  • Adult, Older adult

Who may be able to join

  • Adult 55-90
  • Hemoglobin A1c ≥7.5%
  • Living in Austin city limits and within a MOWCTX daily delivery route
  • Interested and available to receive meals during delivery window time
  • Has access to a freezer and a microwave
  • Pass a MOWCTX background check

Who cannot join

  • Participated in MOW program in previous 3 months.
  • Has any of the following: dementia or cognitive impairment, diagnosis of heart failure, cirrhosis, or active cancer
  • Is receiving hospice care
  • Does not pass a MOWCTX background check

Trial locations and contacts

2 sites in 1 country.

United States2 sites
  • Meals on Wheels Central Texas

    Austin, Texas, 78702

  • CommUnityCare Health Centers (all Austin clinics)

    Austin, Texas, 78741

Other trials in United States

About this study

Official title: Meals for Me: Drop Shipment Versus Personally Delivered Medically Tailored Meals for Patients With Unmanaged Diabetes.

This is a three-arm, parallel randomized trial study that will assess the impact of home delivery of medically-tailored meals (MTM) to community-dwelling older adults living with diabetes mellitus type 2 on measurements of diabetes control, mental health, and other exploratory outcomes such as healthcare use.

Read the detailed description

This study aims to:

  1. Assess the impact of medically-tailored meals program on diabetes management and mental health in comparison to usual care without such program.
  2. Assess the differential impact of two delivery models being considered for payment by the health system on diabetes management and mental health: once-a-week frozen drop shipment model versus daily warm meal delivery model that is more complex to implement but allows for human connection and easier meal preparation.

Implementation of program:

Meals on Wheels (MoW) of Central Texas (MOWCTX) in Austin, Texas, will provide the meals and delivery service in this study. Meals are all medically tailored (diabetes friendly) and design by MOWCT's team of Registered Dietitians.

Participants:

Older adults, 55 and over, living in the Austin city limits with poorly controlled diabetes; Inclusion criteria:

  • Adult 55-90
  • Hemoglobin A1C >=7.5 (as measured at baseline)
  • Living in Austin city limits and within a MOWCTX daily delivery route
  • Interested and available to receive meals during delivery window time
  • Has access to a freezer and a microwave
  • Pass a MOWCTX background check

Trial:

Eligible participants will be recruited from selected Federally Qualified Health Centers in the Austin area, MOWCTX clients on waitlist, and other (e.g. Medicaid recipients).

Participants will be randomized to one of three arms: 1) Waitlisted control; 2) Weekly frozen drop shipment of MTM 3) Daily Warm delivery of MTM with in-person check-ins during delivery.

Phase 1 (first 6 months) The intervention arms will receive their assigned method of meal delivery (weekly frozen or daily warm), for a total of 10 meals a week, including two main meals per day and snacks. The control arm will not receive any meals during this phase. All arms will receive printed educational materials at baseline.

Phase 2 (month 6 to 12) All arms will receive 2-4 meals a week (depending on participant's availability) delivered via the traditional meal services from MOWCTX, which includes one hot meal plus a snack delivered daily. Meal delivery can also include 1 or more frozen meals to account for a total of 5 meals per week.

Primary outcome is Hemoglobin A1C and secondary outcomes include depression as measured by PHQ-8 and other mental health measures.

Conditions
Diabetes
Being tested
Waitlist, Medically tailored meals - Daily delivery with human interaction, Medically tailored meals - Weekly delivery with no human interaction, Medically tailored meals - Standard MOWCTX delivery with human interaction
Keywords
Food as Medicine, Medically tailored meals, Chronic Disease, Food Insecurity, Food Home Delivery, Implementation Science
Medical subject headings
Diabetes Mellitus, Chronic Disease

What participants receive

What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.

  • WaitlistBehavioural

    Phase 1 (6 months)

    • Educational materials on such topics as healthy eating for diabetes.
  • Medically tailored meals - Daily delivery with human interactionBehavioural

    Phase 1 (6 months)

    • Educational materials on such topics as healthy eating for diabetes, in addition to materials on meal planning and instructions.
    • Food: 10 MTM a week: mix of hot and frozen, and 5-10 snacks per week. Meals and snacks offer approx. 1200 kcal per day.
    • Delivery: 3 to 5x per week. Each delivery day, one meal is warm, the other is frozen. Depending on the participant's availability (3-5 days/week), more frozen meals will be given one day to account for a total of 10 meals every week.
    • Engagement: MOWCTX's trained volunteers and/or paid delivery drivers delivering the meals will have a brief social interaction (at minimum in-person hand-off \& visual check) with the participant.
  • Medically tailored meals - Weekly delivery with no human interactionBehavioural

    Phase 1 (6 months)

    • Educational materials on such topics as healthy eating for diabetes, in addition to materials on meal planning and instructions.
    • Food: 10 frozen MTM and 5-10 healthy snacks (with the goal of providing 2 meals and 1-2 snacks for 5 days of the week). Meals and snacks offer approx. 1200 kcal per day. Nutritionally similar and frequently the same meal as that delivered in the daily delivery arm.
    • Delivery: 1x per week shipment.
    • Engagement: Meals are shipped to the participant's home. No human engagement.
  • Medically tailored meals - Standard MOWCTX delivery with human interactionBehavioural

    Phase 2 (6 months)

    • Food: 5 MTM a week plus snacks. Planned to offer approx. 600 kcal per day.
    • Delivery: 2 to 4x a week (depending on participant availability), including daily delivery of 1 hot MTM plus a cold bag (with healthy snacks), with one day or more (depending on the 2 to 4x a week delivery schedule participant is on) also including 1 frozen MTM to total 5 meals per week.
    • Engagement: MOWCTX's trained volunteers and/or paid delivery drivers delivering the meals will have a brief social interaction ("check-in") with the participant.
    • MOWCTX Standard Wraparounds: Participants will have access to a case manager to assist with additional resources within the community and for additional support if needed (e.g., grocery shopping assistance, home repairs, and pet care).
Study groups in NCT04277117
Study groupRoleWhat they receive
Waitlisted controlOtherPhase 1 (6 months, months 1-6): * Educational materials on healthy eating for diabetes * No meal delivery Phase 2 (6 months, months 7-12): Standard MOWCTX home meal delivery: 5 meals a week, delivered daily 2 to 4X a week
Receives: Behavioral: Waitlist; Behavioral: Medically tailored meals - Standard MOWCTX delivery with human interaction
"Daily Warm" MTM in-person deliveryExperimentalPhase 1 (6 months, months 1-6): * Educational materials on healthy eating for diabetes * 10 medically-tailored meals (MTM) per week, delivered 3-5x per week Mon-Fri * Each delivery day, 1 hot and 1 frozen + snack delivered to the participant's home by trained volunteers and/or paid delivery drivers who provide human interaction. Depending on the participant's availability (3-5 days/week), more frozen meals will be given one day to account for a total of 10 meals every week. Phase 2 (6 months, months 7-12): Standard MOWCTX home meal delivery: 5 meals a week, delivered daily 2 to 4X a week
Receives: Behavioral: Medically tailored meals - Daily delivery with human interaction; Behavioral: Medically tailored meals - Standard MOWCTX delivery with human interaction
"Weekly Frozen" MTM drop shipmentExperimentalPhase 1 (6 months, months 1-6): * Educational materials on healthy eating for diabetes * 10 medically-tailored meals (MTM) delivered once a week * Each week all meals are frozen. * Meals are shipped to the participant's home with no human interaction Phase 2 (6 months, months 7-12): Standard MOWCTX home meal delivery: 5 meals a week, delivered daily 2 to 4X a week.
Receives: Behavioral: Medically tailored meals - Weekly delivery with no human interaction; Behavioral: Medically tailored meals - Standard MOWCTX delivery with human interaction

What is being measured

The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.

  1. Change in Hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c)

    Finger stick point-of-care portable device.

    Measured: Baseline to 6 months

Secondary outcomes (13)
  1. Change in Hemoglobin A1C

    Finger stick point-of-care portable device.

    Measured: Baseline to 9 &12 months, 6 months to 12 months.

  2. Program meal consumption

    For frozen and warm meals, self-report on what was actually consumed (customized survey)

    Measured: 6 months, 12 months

  3. Diet quality as assessed by NHANES DSQ

    Self-report of food consumption patterns

    Measured: 6 months, 12 months

  4. Loneliness as assessed by scores on the 3-item UCLA Loneliness Scale

    Respondents rate each item as 'Never' , 'Rarely', 'Sometimes' or 'Often'. Scores range from 3 to 9. Higher numbers imply greater loneliness.

    Measured: 6 months, 12 months

  5. Depressive symptoms as assessed by scores on the the 8-item Depression Health Questionnaire (PHQ-8)

    Respondents answer to eight questions that reflect the DSM-IV diagnosis criteria of depressive disorders. These questions ask how often in the past 2 weeks the respondent had experienced a particular depressive symptom. Each answer is scored from 0 to 3 and then summed. Total scores go from 0 and 24 points, with higher scores indicating greater depressive symptoms.

    Measured: 6 months, 12 months

  6. Anxiety symptoms as assessed by the 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7)

    Investigators will use the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7) to measure anxiety. Scored from 0-3, and a score of 0 indicates lower levels of anxiety while a score of 3 indicates higher levels of anxiety.

    Measured: 6 months

  7. Diabetes Self-Efficacy as assessed by scores on the Stanford Self-Efficacy for Diabetes Scale 8-item

    Respondents are asked to score their level of confidence (scale from 1, not at all confident, to 10, totally confident) at the present time in doing tasks related to diabetes management (e.g., diet behavior, physical activity, measuring blood glycemia and others). Higher scores indicate higher self-efficacy.

    Measured: 6 months, 12 months

  8. Food security status as assessed by the USDA Food Security Survey Module: Six-Item Short Form

    Self-reported with a 30-day lookback period. The sum of affirmative responses to the six questions in the module is the household's raw score on the scale. Higher scores indicate greater food insecurity.

    Measured: 6 months, 12 months

  9. Health Status and Quality of Life as assessed by scores on Short-form 12-item (SF-12)

    Measures physical and mental health status. Summary scores range from 0-100, with higher scores indicating a better self-reported level of health.

    Measured: 6 months, 12 months

  10. Healthcare delay due to cost

    Self-report of delaying healthcare due to cost. 1 item.

    Measured: 6 months, 12 months

  11. Emergency room visits

    Self-report of going to a hospital emergency room.

    Measured: 6 months, 12 months

  12. Food-basic needs trade-offs (3 items)

    Self-report of trading off paying for food vs. paying for medicine or medical care, for utilities, and for housing

    Measured: 6 months, 12 months

  13. Medication underuse due to cost (2 items)

    Self-report of not acquiring a prescribed medication or took reduce dosage due to cost.

    Measured: 6 months, 12 months

Timeline

From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.

  1. First posted20 Feb 2020
  2. Study start5 Dec 2022
  3. Primary completion30 Nov 2026 (estimated)
  4. Study completion31 Dec 2026 (estimated)

Resources

More details

For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.

Study design
Study type
Interventional
Phase
Phase N/A
Primary purpose
Health services research
Allocation
Randomised
Intervention model
Parallel groups
Model description
Community-based trial randomized on a 2:3:3 ratio
Masking
Double blind
Who is masked
Investigator, Outcomes assessor
Enrolment
320 participants (estimated)
IDs, dates and publications
ClinicalTrials.gov ID
NCT04277117
Sponsor's protocol ID
STUDY00002808-2022
Status last verified
Sep 2026
First submitted
31 Jan 2020
Last updated
21 Sep 2026
Results posted
No
Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
Individual data sharing
No

Questions about this trial

What is this clinical trial studying?

A study testing Waitlist, Medically tailored meals - Daily delivery with human interaction and Medically tailored meals - Weekly delivery with no human interaction in people with Diabetes, run by University of Texas at Austin at 2 sites in United States.

The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.

Who may be eligible to take part?

The sponsor lists 6 inclusion and 4 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.

Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?

The record says: under way, not looking for participants, as of the sponsor's last update on 21 Sep 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.

Where is the study taking place?

The record lists 2 sites in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.

What are the possible benefits and risks?

They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.

Are results available for this study?

This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.

How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?

The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.

What does the primary outcome measure?

Change in Hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c) (time frame: Baseline to 6 months). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.

Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?

No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.

How often is this information updated?

AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 21 Sep 2026.

Free account

Log in to keep searching

You’ve used your 3 free searches. AzTrials is free: log in or create a free account to keep searching clinical trials and save the ones you want to follow.

Create a free accountLog in