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Subclinical HypothyroidismPhase 4NCT04288115

Discontinuation of Levothyroxine Therapy for Patients With Subclinical Hypothyroidism

A Phase 4 study testing Levothyroxine in people with Subclinical Hypothyroidism, run by VA Office of Research and Development at 1 site in United States.

Completed

Finished. The study has ended and is not enrolling. Results may be posted on the official record.

Official record
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Trial summary

The investigators propose the following hypothesis: discontinuation of levothyroxine (LT4) for veterans with subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) will be feasible, acceptable, and safe and will not negatively affect their Quality of Life (QoL). Read more about this study

Who is it for?
Ages 18 years and older
Conditions the study is for
Subclinical Hypothyroidism
What is being tested?
Levothyroxine
Type of treatment
Pill or oral medicine
Could I receive a placebo?
Yes, some participants may receive a placebo
How many people
52 participants
Where
1 siteUnited States
Study dates
24 Mar 2021to 31 Dec 2022
Phase
Phase 4
Are there results?
Yes, posted in the registrySummary in the doctors' view

Key requirements

Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.

  • Ages 18 years and older
  • All sexes
  • No healthy volunteers
  • Adult, Older adult

Who may be able to join

  • Veterans
  • diagnosis of SCH

Who cannot join

  • thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) > 10 milli-international units per liter (mlU/L) (at any point)
  • Levothyroxine (LT4) dose more than 75 mcg daily
  • use of antithyroid medications, amiodarone, tyrosine kinase inhibitors or lithium
  • history of thyroidectomy or radioactive iodine therapy
  • LT4 suppressive therapy for thyroid cancer, goiter, or inflammation
  • pregnancy or plans for pregnancy in the next 6 months
Show all 19Show fewer
  • an unstable medical condition that would jeopardize safety or interfere with study participation
  • severe hypothyroidism-related symptoms
  • strong family history of hypothyroidism
  • severe dyslipidemia
  • hospitalization for major illness within the previous 4 weeks
  • acute coronary artery syndrome, acute myocarditis, or pancarditis with the previous 12 months
  • grade IV New York Heart Association heart failure
  • receiving services from hospice
  • lack of decision-making capacity
  • terminal medical condition for which life expectancy would be less than 6 months
  • not willing to stop LT4
  • self-reported non-adherence to LT4 therapy
  • abnormal TSH at time of screening for participation (assessed during Baseline Visit)

Trial locations and contacts

1 site in 1 country.

United States1 site
  • Central Arkansas Veterans Healthcare System Eugene J. Towbin Healthcare Center, Little Rock, AR

    North Little Rock, Arkansas, 72114-1706

Other trials in United States

About this study

Official title: Discontinuation of Levothyroxine Therapy for Patients With Subclinical Hypothyroidism: a Pilot Randomized, Double-blinded, Placebo-controlled Study

The investigators propose the following hypothesis: discontinuation of levothyroxine (LT4) for veterans with subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) will be feasible, acceptable, and safe and will not negatively affect their Quality of Life (QoL). The investigators aim to evaluate the feasibility of LT4 discontinuation among veterans with SCH and determine the changes in QoL measures, lipids, and adverse events.

Read the detailed description

This is a pilot, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

Methodology:

The investigators will conduct a double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial where eligible veterans diagnosed with SCH and on LT4 will be 1:1 randomized to either continue LT4 or change to placebo. The primary outcome is intervention feasibility (willingness to enter the trial, recruitment rate, and completion rate). Secondary outcomes are: 1) changes in QoL measures (Hypothyroid Symptom [HSS] and Tiredness scale scores of the Thyroid-Specific Patient-Related Outcome Measure [ThyPRO], EuroQoL 5-Dimension Self-Report Questionnaire) measured at baseline, 6-8 weeks and 6 months and 2) changes in lipids assessed at baseline and 6 months, and 3) incidence of adverse events (overt hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, atrial fibrillation, fractures, acute myocardial infarction, stroke, acute coronary syndrome, heart failure, mortality).

Being tested
Levothyroxine, Placebo

What participants receive

What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.

  • LevothyroxineDrug

    Also called Synthroid

    Participants will be instructed to start the study medication the day after randomization. The study medication will be taken orally once a day.

  • PlaceboOther

    Participants will be instructed to start the study medication the day after randomization. The study medication will be taken orally once a day.

Study groups in NCT04288115
Study groupRoleWhat they receive
Levothyroxine group ("sham discontinuation")Active comparatorContinue the current dose of levothyroxine. The brand of levothyroxine to be used in this study will be Synthroid tablets of 25 mcg, 50 mcg, and 75 mcg (AbbVie Inc).
Receives: Drug: Levothyroxine
Placebo group ("real discontinuation")Placebo comparatorStop the current dose of levothyroxine and take study placebo
Receives: Other: Placebo

What is being measured

The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.

  1. Participants' Willingness to Enter the Trial

    Percent of eligible participants approached who consented to participate during the recruitment phase.

    Measured: The time from first consent signed to last consent signed. March 2021 to April 2022.

  2. Recruitment Rate

    The number of enrolled (consented) participants divided by the length of the recruitment period.

    Measured: The time from first consent signed to last consent signed. March 2021 to April 2022. 13 months.

  3. Completion Rate

    Percentage of randomized participants who completed the trial.

    Measured: 6 months

Secondary outcomes (4)
  1. Thyroid-specific Quality of Life Patient-Reported Outcome (ThyPRO) - Hypothyroid Symptoms Score

    The Hypothyroid Symptoms score from the Thyroid-Related Quality of Life Patient-Reported Outcome (ThyPRO) questionnaire is assessed on a scale from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating more symptoms.

    Measured: Baseline, 6 weeks and 6 months

  2. Thyroid-specific Quality of Life Patient-Reported Outcome (ThyPRO) - Tiredness Score

    The Tiredness score from the Thyroid-Related Quality of Life Patient-Reported Outcome (ThyPRO) questionnaire is assessed on a scale from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating more tiredness.

    Measured: Baseline, 6 weeks and 6 months

  3. Euro Quality of Life 5-Dimension Self-Report Questionnaire (EQ-5D) Score at Week 6 and Month 6

    The EuroQoL [EQ] Group 5-Dimension Self-Report Questionnaire (EQ-5D) scores include the EQ-5D descriptive index, on a scale from -0.59 to 1.00. Higher scores indicate better quality of life. The EQ-5D scores include the score on the EQ visual-analogue scale (EQ-5D VAS), on a scale from 0 to 100. Higher scores indicate better quality of life.

    Measured: 6 weeks and 6 months

  4. Lipid Levels

    Differences in mean 6-month lipid levels after adjusting for gender and baseline lipid level.

    Measured: 6 months

Timeline

From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.

  1. First posted28 Feb 2020
  2. Study start24 Mar 2021
  3. Primary completion7 Oct 2022
  4. Study completion31 Dec 2022

Resources

More details

For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.

Study design
Study type
Interventional
Phase
Phase 4
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Randomised
Intervention model
Parallel groups
Masking
Quadruple blind
Who is masked
Participant, Care provider, Investigator, Outcomes assessor
Enrolment
52 participants (actual)
IDs, dates and publications
ClinicalTrials.gov ID
NCT04288115
Sponsor's protocol ID
PPO 20-056
Other IDs
1521422
Status last verified
Nov 2023
First submitted
14 Feb 2020
Last updated
18 Nov 2023
Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
Yes
FDA-regulated device
No
Individual data sharing
No

Publications

  • Brito JP, Ross JS, El Kawkgi OM, Maraka S, Deng Y, Shah ND, Lipska KJ. Levothyroxine Use in the United States, 2008-2018. JAMA Intern Med. 2021 Oct 1;181(10):1402-1405. doi: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2021.2686.

    PubMed 34152370
  • Feller M, Snel M, Moutzouri E, Bauer DC, de Montmollin M, Aujesky D, Ford I, Gussekloo J, Kearney PM, Mooijaart S, Quinn T, Stott D, Westendorp R, Rodondi N, Dekkers OM. Association of Thyroid Hormone Therapy With Quality of Life and Thyroid-Related Symptoms in Patients With Subclinical Hypothyroidism: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. JAMA. 2018 Oct 2;320(13):1349-1359. doi: 10.1001/jama.2018.13770.

    PubMed 30285179
  • Stott DJ, Rodondi N, Kearney PM, Ford I, Westendorp RGJ, Mooijaart SP, Sattar N, Aubert CE, Aujesky D, Bauer DC, Baumgartner C, Blum MR, Browne JP, Byrne S, Collet TH, Dekkers OM, den Elzen WPJ, Du Puy RS, Ellis G, Feller M, Floriani C, Hendry K, Hurley C, Jukema JW, Kean S, Kelly M, Krebs D, Langhorne P, McCarthy G, McCarthy V, McConnachie A, McDade M, Messow M, O'Flynn A, O'Riordan D, Poortvliet RKE, Quinn TJ, Russell A, Sinnott C, Smit JWA, Van Dorland HA, Walsh KA, Walsh EK, Watt T, Wilson R, Gussekloo J; TRUST Study Group. Thyroid Hormone Therapy for Older Adults with Subclinical Hypothyroidism. N Engl J Med. 2017 Jun 29;376(26):2534-2544. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1603825. Epub 2017 Apr 3.

    PubMed 28402245
  • Bekkering GE, Agoritsas T, Lytvyn L, Heen AF, Feller M, Moutzouri E, Abdulazeem H, Aertgeerts B, Beecher D, Brito JP, Farhoumand PD, Singh Ospina N, Rodondi N, van Driel M, Wallace E, Snel M, Okwen PM, Siemieniuk R, Vandvik PO, Kuijpers T, Vermandere M. Thyroid hormones treatment for subclinical hypothyroidism: a clinical practice guideline. BMJ. 2019 May 14;365:l2006. doi: 10.1136/bmj.l2006.

    PubMed 31088853
  • Ayala IN, Soto Jacome C, Toro-Tobon D, Golembiewski E, Garcia-Bautista A, Hidalgo J, Cordova-Madera S, Al Anbari R, Sohn R J, Singh Ospina N, Maraka S, Joseph M, Brito JP. Appropriateness of Levothyroxine Prescription: A Multicenter Retrospective Study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2024 Jan 18;109(2):e765-e772. doi: 10.1210/clinem/dgad517.

    PubMed 37656124
  • Toloza FJK, El Kawkgi OM, Spencer HJ, Mathews SE, Garcia A, Gamboa A, Mirza N, Mohan S, Vallejo S, Bogojevic M, Rodriguez-Gutierrez R, Singh Ospina NM, Brito JP, Maraka S. Determinants for Thyroid Hormone Replacement Therapy in Subclinical Hypothyroidism: A Multicenter Electronic Health Records-Based Study. Thyroid. 2023 Sep;33(9):1045-1054. doi: 10.1089/thy.2023.0062. Epub 2023 Jun 26.

    PubMed 37279296
  • Ospina NS, Salloum RG, Maraka S, Brito JP. De-implementing low-value care in endocrinology. Endocrine. 2021 Aug;73(2):292-300. doi: 10.1007/s12020-021-02732-y. Epub 2021 May 11.

    PubMed 33977312
  • Burgos N, Toloza FJK, Singh Ospina NM, Brito JP, Salloum RG, Hassett LC, Maraka S. Clinical Outcomes After Discontinuation of Thyroid Hormone Replacement: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Thyroid. 2021 May;31(5):740-751. doi: 10.1089/thy.2020.0679. Epub 2020 Dec 29.

    PubMed 33161885
  • Maraka S, Owen RR, Singh Ospina NM, Knox M, Dodds T, Thostenson JD, Dishongh K, Raciborski RA, Albashaireh A, Shah A, Syed S, Naqvi S, Motahari H, Thumma S, Toloza F, Ambrogini E, Brito JP. Discontinuation of levothyroxine therapy in patients with subclinical hypothyroidism: a pilot randomized clinical trial. Endocrine. 2025 Nov;90(2):781-792. doi: 10.1007/s12020-025-04371-z. Epub 2025 Jul 30.

    PubMed 40736623

Questions about this trial

What is this clinical trial studying?

A Phase 4 study testing Levothyroxine in people with Subclinical Hypothyroidism, run by VA Office of Research and Development at 1 site in United States.

The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.

Who may be eligible to take part?

The sponsor lists 2 inclusion and 19 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.

Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?

The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 18 Nov 2023. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.

Where is the study taking place?

The record lists 1 site in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.

What are the possible benefits and risks?

They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. Some participants in this study may receive a placebo. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.

What does this phase mean?

Phase 4 studies take place after a treatment is approved, to learn more about its long-term benefits and risks in everyday use.

Not every study follows the same path, and some studies (observational studies, device studies) have no phase.

Are results available for this study?

Yes. Results are posted in the registry (first posted 18 Nov 2023). A summary is in the For doctors view, and the full results are on ClinicalTrials.gov.

How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?

The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.

What does the primary outcome measure?

Participants' Willingness to Enter the Trial (time frame: The time from first consent signed to last consent signed. March 2021 to April 2022.). The study lists 3 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.

Where can I read the original study information?

On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT04288115, which also lists 9 linked publications.

Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?

No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.

How often is this information updated?

AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 18 Nov 2023.

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