DepressionADAPTNCT04298437
Addressing Depression and Positive Parenting Techniques (ADAPT)
A study testing Addressing Depression and Positive Parenting Techniques (ADAPT) Program in people with Depression and Emotional Problem, run by Centre for Addiction and Mental Health at 2 sites in Canada.
Trial summary
Children with emotional and behavioural difficulties (EBD) experience disproportionate social, family and academic impairment and have between two to five times increased likelihood of developing an anxiety disorder, mood disorder or other severe mental illness in adolescence and adulthood. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 6 to 10 years
- Conditions the study is for
- Depression, Emotional Problem, Disruptive Behavior Disorder
- What is being tested?
- Addressing Depression and Positive Parenting Techniques (ADAPT) Program
- Type of treatment
- Lifestyle or therapy programme
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 80 participants
- Where
- 2 sitesCanada
- Study dates
- 1 May 2022to 1 Dec 2024
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 6 to 10 years
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Child
Who may be able to join
- Parent is over the age of 18 years and has a child between the ages of 6 and 10;
- Parent shows clinical elevations for Depression on the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ);
- The child has clinically elevated Emotional Behavioural Difficulties (T-score of 65, Borderline range, 93rd percentile) on the Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire (Conduct Problem or Total Difficulties subscales);
- The parent's has capacity to tolerate a group context.
Who cannot join
- Parent shows active suicidal ideation, substance use disorder, or psychosis;
- Parent is not suitable for group treatment based on clinical interview;
- Parent cannot communicate in English;
- Child has a diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder or Intellectual Disability (based on parent report).
Trial locations and contacts
2 sites in 1 country.
Canada2 sites
Women's College Hospital
Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1B2
Centre for Addiction and Mental Health
Toronto, Ontario, M6J1H4
About this study
Official title: Optimizing Treatment for Parents of Children With Emotional and Behavioural Problems (OPTED)
Children with emotional and behavioural difficulties (EBD) experience disproportionate social, family and academic impairment and have between two to five times increased likelihood of developing an anxiety disorder, mood disorder or other severe mental illness in adolescence and adulthood. There is a close association between parental depression and the emergence and maintenance of childhood EBD that is likely bidirectional. Parents of children with EBD experience disproportionate stress, increasing their risk for depression; yet chronic and untreated parental depression is associated with the emergence of child EBD in the first place. Therefore, designing targeted and effective assessment and treatment for parents of children with EBD that take into account parents' depression is necessary. Of pressing concern, first-line Behavioral Parent Training (BPT) treatments for parents of children with EBD are not tailored to parent's mental health needs, which may be why upwards of 40 percent of parents and children treated in these programs fail to sufficiently benefit. Existing research highlights emotional and cognitive factors that may differentiate depressed parents from non-depressed parents that may be treatment targets to improve outcomes for depressed parents and children.
The main aim of the proposed project is to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of a novel targeted treatment for depressed parents of children with EBD, along with adherence to study protocol. The investigators will use the results of the pilot study to make key modifications to study procedures and the treatment itself to increase the success of a future randomized controlled trial (RCT) to test treatment efficacy.
Read more
The investigators hypothesize that:
- Recruitment will be feasible.
- The intervention will be acceptable, and there will be a high rate of adherence to study protocol.
Read the detailed description
Study Rationale:
Developmental theories underscore the reciprocal nature of parent-child interactions and the importance of adult teaching and modeling to enable the development of children's emotion regulation, frustration tolerance and behavioural regulation skills. Similarly, these models are bidirectional in that children's skills develop along with, and influence parental cognitions, emotional functioning and the manner in which parent's impose expectations and respond to children's behaviour. Indeed, adult-child transactions can serve to increase or decrease a child and parent's frustration and arousal, fuel response biases in the child and parent, and lead to adaptive or maladaptive parent and child behaviour. Much literature has documented the close association between parental depression and the emergence and maintenance of childhood EBD. From transactional and biopsychosocial perspectives, it has been suggested that depression negatively impacts a parent's ability to regulate their own emotions and cognitions, and subsequently positively attend to their child. As such, parental depression may indirectly contribute to a cycle of behavioural escalation on the part of the child to get their needs met. This is not to suggest that parental depression causes childhood EBD; however, shared genetic and environmental factors may contribute to challenges with parent and child co-regulation of emotion, elevated irritability, unhelpful thinking patterns, and perpetuation of a problematic cycle of interactions. Transactional theory suggests that the "fit" between parental emotional functioning, cognition and behaviour with child emotional and behavioural functioning may be of primary importance, rather than indicating any one ideal parenting approach as is suggested by standard BPT. The transactional model suggests that compatibility between adult and child characteristics and behaviour will produce optimal outcomes. Indeed, the goal of BPT is to help parents develop skills that meet the needs of children with EBD. Current programs may not have sufficient therapeutic components that match the emotional, cognitive and behavioural needs of parents with depression suggesting that alternative and targeted models may be indicated for these parents.
Research Questions:
The aim of the research is to determine the feasibility of novel assessment and treatment for parents with depression that builds parent's functional cognitions, emotion regulation, parenting competencies and skills (Addressing Depression and Positive Parenting Techniques (ADAPT)).
- To determine the feasibility of recruitment
- What is the rate of eligible parents in each of the pilot recruitment sites and overall?
- What is parents' level of readiness to engage in parenting treatment?
- What is the recruitment rate in each setting and what are reasons for non-participation?
- To determine feasibility and acceptability of a novel treatment.
- What are participant (and clinician) views of the intervention?
- What is the rate of completion of the intervention and reasons for discontinuation?
- What is the average number of groups attended?
- Adherence to study protocol
- What is the level of clinician adherence to the ADAPT protocol?
- What is the follow-up rate for outcome data collection, including measures of parental depression, parenting stress, parenting skills, parent-child interactions and child EBD?
The investigators hypothesize that recruitment will be feasible, that the intervention will be acceptable, and that there will be a high rate of adherence to the study protocol.
Significance of the Study:
Although parents are clearly critically important to the success of BPT, very little research has focused on understanding key parental factors that may be important to assess or on the effectiveness of BPT tailored to parents with depression. Existing research has primarily focused on logistical barriers to treatment such as socioeconomic status or child-factors, such as the severity or type of EBD, that may moderate or mediate BPT outcomes. Important parental factors associated with depression, such as parental cognitions, and parental emotional and behavioural regulation skills, have largely been ignored when designing novel interventions. Systematically understanding differences between parents with and without depression on these key factors and the feasibility of novel treatment will identify avenues for treatment innovation.
Study Design
Clinic-referred parents with depression who have children with EBD will be recruited from the Mood and Anxiety Service (MAAS) Clinic at the Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH) and the Women's Mental Health Program at Women's College Hospital (WCH). Non-depressed parents of children with EBD will be recruited from the Child, Youth and Emerging Adult Program (CYEAP) at CAMH. The target sample size is 80 parents (40 depressed, 40 non-depressed) and their children with EBD. Participants will be recruited over two years. A multi-modal measurement approach incorporating subjective and objective measures and tasks will be used.
Parent and child psychopathology and treatment outcome will be measured by widely used and validated parent and child-completed interviews, questionnaires and recorded tasks. Measures were chosen based on their sound psychometric properties. Additionally, many of the child-based measures have been used by the PI in ongoing clinical research projects and parent measures used in the MAAS. As such, the feasibility of completing these measures in the clinical setting has been confirmed.
- Conditions
- Depression, Emotional Problem, Disruptive Behavior Disorder, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Conduct Disorder, Oppositional Defiant Disorder
- Being tested
- Addressing Depression and Positive Parenting Techniques (ADAPT) Program
- Keywords
- Depression, Emotional and Behavioural Difficulties, Disruptive Behaviour Disorders, Oppositional Defiant Disorder, Dialectical Behaviour Therapy, Parenting Skills, Behavioural Parenting Training, Conduct Disorder, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- Medical subject headings
- Depression, Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Conduct Disorder, Oppositional Defiant Disorder, Mental Disorders
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Addressing Depression and Positive Parenting Techniques (ADAPT) ProgramBehavioural
The intervention is a targeted parenting intervention that has modules that help parents build emotion regulation skills, distress tolerance skills and alternative and more helpful ways of thinking about the causes of their child's EBD. The program also includes behavioral parent training skills building modules.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Parent Group Treatment | Experimental | Families who meet inclusion criteria will participate in the Parent Group Treatment (ADAPT Program). Receives: Behavioral: Addressing Depression and Positive Parenting Techniques (ADAPT) Program |
| No Treatment | No intervention | Families who do not meet inclusion criteria will not be invited to participate in the ADAPT Program. |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Percentage of treatment sessions attended by parents measured using weekly attendance log
Attendance Log - Clinicians leading the group sessions will track session attendance on a weekly basis along with documenting reasons for absenteeism. Treatment/recruitment will be considered feasible if greater than 70 percent of parents attend more than 70 percent of the sessions in each pilot group.
Measured: 2 years
Treatment acceptability/satisfaction measured by weekly evaluation forms filled out by parents
Weekly Evaluation Forms - Participants will be asked to share their opinions about session content and delivery on a weekly basis. The treatment will be considered acceptable if greater than 70 percent of all participants report adequate acceptability of the group treatment.
Measured: 2 years
Clinician adherence to ADAPT protocol measured by fidelity checks
Trained research staff will conduct weekly fidelity checks at the group treatment sessions to track clinician adherence to treatment content. The treatment will be considered acceptable if greater than 70 percent clinician adherence to the model is assessed by review of coded sessions checklists.
Measured: 2 years
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted6 Mar 2020
- Study start1 May 2022
- Primary completion1 Sep 2024
- Study completion1 Dec 2024
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (10)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for DepressionStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Single group
- Model description
- 80 parents (40 depressed; 40 non-depressed) and their children with EBD will be recruited to complete an assessment to determine objective emotional, cognitive, and behavioural markers. A subset of 20-40 depressed parents who meet inclusion criteria will be recruited for group treatment. The aim is to recruit 6-8 parents (and their co-parents) per group for each of 3 consecutive groups (target n = 36). These parents will be invited to participate in 2 individual and 8 weekly group treatment sessions. Following treatment, parents will be invited to a post-group assessment
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 80 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Women's College Hospital
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Brendan F Andrade, Ph.D., Principal investigator, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT04298437
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 028/2019
- Acronym
- ADAPT
- Status last verified
- Apr 2024
- First submitted
- 21 Feb 2020
- Last updated
- 17 Mar 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- Undecided
Publications
Lundahl B, Risser HJ, Lovejoy MC. A meta-analysis of parent training: moderators and follow-up effects. Clin Psychol Rev. 2006 Jan;26(1):86-104. doi: 10.1016/j.cpr.2005.07.004. Epub 2005 Nov 8.
PubMed 16280191Luoma I, Tamminen T, Kaukonen P, Laippala P, Puura K, Salmelin R, Almqvist F. Longitudinal study of maternal depressive symptoms and child well-being. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2001 Dec;40(12):1367-74. doi: 10.1097/00004583-200112000-00006.
PubMed 11765281Ludmer JA, Salsbury D, Suarez J, Andrade BF. Accounting for the impact of parent internalizing symptoms on Parent Training benefits: The role of positive parenting. Behav Res Ther. 2017 Oct;97:252-258. doi: 10.1016/j.brat.2017.08.012. Epub 2017 Aug 23.
PubMed 28863289Aitken M, Waxman JA, MacDonald K, Andrade BF. Effect of Comorbid Psychopathology and Conduct Problem Severity on Response to a Multi-component Intervention for Childhood Disruptive Behavior. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev. 2018 Dec;49(6):853-864. doi: 10.1007/s10578-018-0800-1.
PubMed 29594940Eldridge SM, Chan CL, Campbell MJ, Bond CM, Hopewell S, Thabane L, Lancaster GA; PAFS consensus group. CONSORT 2010 statement: extension to randomised pilot and feasibility trials. BMJ. 2016 Oct 24;355:i5239. doi: 10.1136/bmj.i5239.
PubMed 27777223Eyberg, S.M., et al. Manual for the dyadic parent-child interaction coding system: Third edition. 2009, University of Florida.
Fanti, KA, Panaylotou G, and Fanti S. Associating parental to child psychological symptoms: Investigating a transactional model of development. Journal of Emotional and Behavioral Disorders 21(3): 193-210, 2013.
Peris TS, Hinshaw SP. Family dynamics and preadolescent girls with ADHD: the relationship between expressed emotion, ADHD symptomatology, and comorbid disruptive behavior. J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2003 Nov;44(8):1177-90. doi: 10.1111/1469-7610.00199.
PubMed 14626458Harvey P, Penzo JA. Parenting a child who has intense emotions: Dialectical behavior therapy skills to help your child regulate emotional outbursts & aggressive behaviors. Oakland, CA: New Harbinger Publications, 2009.
Perepletchikova F, Nathanson D, Axelrod SR, Merrill C, Walker A, Grossman M, Rebeta J, Scahill L, Kaufman J, Flye B, Mauer E, Walkup J. Randomized Clinical Trial of Dialectical Behavior Therapy for Preadolescent Children With Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder: Feasibility and Outcomes. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2017 Oct;56(10):832-840. doi: 10.1016/j.jaac.2017.07.789. Epub 2017 Aug 10.
PubMed 28942805
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 17 Mar 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Optimizing Treatment for Parents of Children With Emotional and Behavioural Problems (OPTED)
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT04298437
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- ADAPT / 028/2019
- Conditions
- Depression, Emotional Problem, Disruptive Behavior Disorder, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Conduct Disorder, Oppositional Defiant Disorder
- Keywords
- Depression, Emotional and Behavioural Difficulties, Disruptive Behaviour Disorders, Oppositional Defiant Disorder, Dialectical Behaviour Therapy, Parenting Skills, Behavioural Parenting Training, Conduct Disorder
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 80 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Centre for Addiction and Mental HealthUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Women's College Hospital
- Study start
- 1 May 2022 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 1 Sep 2024 (actual)
- Study completion
- 1 Dec 2024 (actual)
- First posted
- 6 Mar 2020 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Children with emotional and behavioural difficulties (EBD) experience disproportionate social, family and academic impairment and have between two to five times increased likelihood of developing an anxiety disorder, mood disorder or other severe mental illness in adolescence and adulthood. There is a close association between parental depression and the emergence and maintenance of childhood EBD that is likely bidirectional. Parents of children with EBD experience disproportionate stress, increasing their risk for depression; yet chronic and untreated parental depression is associated with the emergence of child EBD in the first place. Therefore, designing targeted and effective assessment and treatment for parents of children with EBD that take into account parents' depression is necessary. Of pressing concern, first-line Behavioral Parent Training (BPT) treatments for parents of children with EBD are not tailored to parent's mental health needs, which may be why upwards of 40 percent of parents and children treated in these programs fail to sufficiently benefit. Existing research highlights emotional and cognitive factors that may differentiate depressed parents from non-depressed parents that may be treatment targets to improve outcomes for depressed parents and children.
The main aim of the proposed project is to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of a novel targeted treatment for depressed parents of children with EBD, along with adherence to study protocol. The investigators will use the results of the pilot study to make key modifications to study procedures and the treatment itself to increase the success of a future randomized controlled trial (RCT) to test treatment efficacy.
The investigators hypothesize that:
- Recruitment will be feasible.
- The intervention will be acceptable, and there will be a high rate of adherence to study protocol.
Detailed description
Study Rationale:
Developmental theories underscore the reciprocal nature of parent-child interactions and the importance of adult teaching and modeling to enable the development of children's emotion regulation, frustration tolerance and behavioural regulation skills. Similarly, these models are bidirectional in that children's skills develop along with, and influence parental cognitions, emotional functioning and the manner in which parent's impose expectations and respond to children's behaviour. Indeed, adult-child transactions can serve to increase or decrease a child and parent's frustration and arousal, fuel response biases in the child and parent, and lead to adaptive or maladaptive parent and child behaviour. Much literature has documented the close association between parental depression and the emergence and maintenance of childhood EBD. From transactional and biopsychosocial perspectives, it has been suggested that depression negatively impacts a parent's ability to regulate their own emotions and cognitions, and subsequently positively attend to their child. As such, parental depression may indirectly contribute to a cycle of behavioural escalation on the part of the child to get their needs met. This is not to suggest that parental depression causes childhood EBD; however, shared genetic and environmental factors may contribute to challenges with parent and child co-regulation of emotion, elevated irritability, unhelpful thinking patterns, and perpetuation of a problematic cycle of interactions. Transactional theory suggests that the "fit" between parental emotional functioning, cognition and behaviour with child emotional and behavioural functioning may be of primary importance, rather than indicating any one ideal parenting approach as is suggested by standard BPT. The transactional model suggests that compatibility between adult and child characteristics and behaviour will produce optimal outcomes. Indeed, the goal of BPT is to help parents develop skills that meet the needs of children with EBD. Current programs may not have sufficient therapeutic components that match the emotional, cognitive and behavioural needs of parents with depression suggesting that alternative and targeted models may be indicated for these parents.
Research Questions:
The aim of the research is to determine the feasibility of novel assessment and treatment for parents with depression that builds parent's functional cognitions, emotion regulation, parenting competencies and skills (Addressing Depression and Positive Parenting Techniques (ADAPT)).
- To determine the feasibility of recruitment
- What is the rate of eligible parents in each of the pilot recruitment sites and overall?
- What is parents' level of readiness to engage in parenting treatment?
- What is the recruitment rate in each setting and what are reasons for non-participation?
- To determine feasibility and acceptability of a novel treatment.
- What are participant (and clinician) views of the intervention?
- What is the rate of completion of the intervention and reasons for discontinuation?
- What is the average number of groups attended?
- Adherence to study protocol
- What is the level of clinician adherence to the ADAPT protocol?
- What is the follow-up rate for outcome data collection, including measures of parental depression, parenting stress, parenting skills, parent-child interactions and child EBD?
The investigators hypothesize that recruitment will be feasible, that the intervention will be acceptable, and that there will be a high rate of adherence to the study protocol.
Significance of the Study:
Although parents are clearly critically important to the success of BPT, very little research has focused on understanding key parental factors that may be important to assess or on the effectiveness of BPT tailored to parents with depression. Existing research has primarily focused on logistical barriers to treatment such as socioeconomic status or child-factors, such as the severity or type of EBD, that may moderate or mediate BPT outcomes. Important parental factors associated with depression, such as parental cognitions, and parental emotional and behavioural regulation skills, have largely been ignored when designing novel interventions. Systematically understanding differences between parents with and without depression on these key factors and the feasibility of novel treatment will identify avenues for treatment innovation.
Study Design
Clinic-referred parents with depression who have children with EBD will be recruited from the Mood and Anxiety Service (MAAS) Clinic at the Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH) and the Women's Mental Health Program at Women's College Hospital (WCH). Non-depressed parents of children with EBD will be recruited from the Child, Youth and Emerging Adult Program (CYEAP) at CAMH. The target sample size is 80 parents (40 depressed, 40 non-depressed) and their children with EBD. Participants will be recruited over two years. A multi-modal measurement approach incorporating subjective and objective measures and tasks will be used.
Parent and child psychopathology and treatment outcome will be measured by widely used and validated parent and child-completed interviews, questionnaires and recorded tasks. Measures were chosen based on their sound psychometric properties. Additionally, many of the child-based measures have been used by the PI in ongoing clinical research projects and parent measures used in the MAAS. As such, the feasibility of completing these measures in the clinical setting has been confirmed.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Single group
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 2
- Model description
- 80 parents (40 depressed; 40 non-depressed) and their children with EBD will be recruited to complete an assessment to determine objective emotional, cognitive, and behavioural markers. A subset of 20-40 depressed parents who meet inclusion criteria will be recruited for group treatment. The aim is to recruit 6-8 parents (and their co-parents) per group for each of 3 consecutive groups (target n = 36). These parents will be invited to participate in 2 individual and 8 weekly group treatment sessions. Following treatment, parents will be invited to a post-group assessment
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Parent Group Treatment | Experimental | Behavioral: Addressing Depression and Positive Parenting Techniques (ADAPT) ProgramFamilies who meet inclusion criteria will participate in the Parent Group Treatment (ADAPT Program). |
| No Treatment | No intervention | –Families who do not meet inclusion criteria will not be invited to participate in the ADAPT Program. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 6 to 10 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Child
Key inclusion criteria (4 listed)
- Parent is over the age of 18 years and has a child between the ages of 6 and 10;
- Parent shows clinical elevations for Depression on the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ);
- The child has clinically elevated Emotional Behavioural Difficulties (T-score of 65, Borderline range, 93rd percentile) on the Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire (Conduct Problem or Total Difficulties subscales);
- The parent's has capacity to tolerate a group context.
Key exclusion criteria (4 listed)
- Parent shows active suicidal ideation, substance use disorder, or psychosis;
- Parent is not suitable for group treatment based on clinical interview;
- Parent cannot communicate in English;
- Child has a diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder or Intellectual Disability (based on parent report).
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Addressing Depression and Positive Parenting Techniques (ADAPT) ProgramThe intervention is a targeted parenting intervention that has modules that help parents build emotion regulation skills, distress tolerance skills and alternative and more helpful ways of thinking about the causes of their child's EBD. The program also includes behavioral parent training skills building modules. | Behavioural | Parent Group Treatment |
Primary outcome
Percentage of treatment sessions attended by parents measured using weekly attendance log
Time frame: 2 years
Attendance Log - Clinicians leading the group sessions will track session attendance on a weekly basis along with documenting reasons for absenteeism. Treatment/recruitment will be considered feasible if greater than 70 percent of parents attend more than 70 percent of the sessions in each pilot group.
Treatment acceptability/satisfaction measured by weekly evaluation forms filled out by parents
Time frame: 2 years
Weekly Evaluation Forms - Participants will be asked to share their opinions about session content and delivery on a weekly basis. The treatment will be considered acceptable if greater than 70 percent of all participants report adequate acceptability of the group treatment.
Clinician adherence to ADAPT protocol measured by fidelity checks
Time frame: 2 years
Trained research staff will conduct weekly fidelity checks at the group treatment sessions to track clinician adherence to treatment content. The treatment will be considered acceptable if greater than 70 percent clinician adherence to the model is assessed by review of coded sessions checklists.
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 17 Mar 2026.
- Background: PubMed 16280191Lundahl B, Risser HJ, Lovejoy MC. A meta-analysis of parent training: moderators and follow-up effects. Clin Psychol Rev. 2006 Jan;26(1):86-104. doi: 10.1016/j.cpr.2005.07.004. Epub 2005 Nov 8.
- Background: PubMed 11765281Luoma I, Tamminen T, Kaukonen P, Laippala P, Puura K, Salmelin R, Almqvist F. Longitudinal study of maternal depressive symptoms and child well-being. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2001 Dec;40(12):1367-74. doi: 10.1097/00004583-200112000-00006.
- Background: PubMed 28863289Ludmer JA, Salsbury D, Suarez J, Andrade BF. Accounting for the impact of parent internalizing symptoms on Parent Training benefits: The role of positive parenting. Behav Res Ther. 2017 Oct;97:252-258. doi: 10.1016/j.brat.2017.08.012. Epub 2017 Aug 23.
- Background: PubMed 29594940Aitken M, Waxman JA, MacDonald K, Andrade BF. Effect of Comorbid Psychopathology and Conduct Problem Severity on Response to a Multi-component Intervention for Childhood Disruptive Behavior. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev. 2018 Dec;49(6):853-864. doi: 10.1007/s10578-018-0800-1.
- Background: PubMed 27777223Eldridge SM, Chan CL, Campbell MJ, Bond CM, Hopewell S, Thabane L, Lancaster GA; PAFS consensus group. CONSORT 2010 statement: extension to randomised pilot and feasibility trials. BMJ. 2016 Oct 24;355:i5239. doi: 10.1136/bmj.i5239.
- BackgroundEyberg, S.M., et al. Manual for the dyadic parent-child interaction coding system: Third edition. 2009, University of Florida.
- BackgroundFanti, KA, Panaylotou G, and Fanti S. Associating parental to child psychological symptoms: Investigating a transactional model of development. Journal of Emotional and Behavioral Disorders 21(3): 193-210, 2013.
- Background: PubMed 14626458Peris TS, Hinshaw SP. Family dynamics and preadolescent girls with ADHD: the relationship between expressed emotion, ADHD symptomatology, and comorbid disruptive behavior. J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2003 Nov;44(8):1177-90. doi: 10.1111/1469-7610.00199.
- BackgroundHarvey P, Penzo JA. Parenting a child who has intense emotions: Dialectical behavior therapy skills to help your child regulate emotional outbursts & aggressive behaviors. Oakland, CA: New Harbinger Publications, 2009.
- Background: PubMed 28942805Perepletchikova F, Nathanson D, Axelrod SR, Merrill C, Walker A, Grossman M, Rebeta J, Scahill L, Kaufman J, Flye B, Mauer E, Walkup J. Randomized Clinical Trial of Dialectical Behavior Therapy for Preadolescent Children With Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder: Feasibility and Outcomes. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2017 Oct;56(10):832-840. doi: 10.1016/j.jaac.2017.07.789. Epub 2017 Aug 10.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: Undecided
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Brendan F Andrade, Ph.D. principal investigator
Centre for Addiction and Mental Health
2 sites in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Addressing Depression and Positive Parenting Techniques (ADAPT) Program in people with Depression and Emotional Problem, run by Centre for Addiction and Mental Health at 2 sites in Canada.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 4 inclusion and 4 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 17 Mar 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 2 sites in Canada. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Percentage of treatment sessions attended by parents measured using weekly attendance log (time frame: 2 years). The study lists 3 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT04298437, which also lists 10 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 17 Mar 2026.