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SARS-CoV InfectionPhase 2CloroCOVID19NCT04323527

Chloroquine Diphosphate for the Treatment of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Secondary to SARS-CoV2

A Phase 2 study testing Chloroquine diphosphate in people with SARS-CoV Infection and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) Pneumonia, run by Fundação de Medicina Tropical Dr. Heitor Vieira Dourado at 1 site in Brazil.

Completed

Finished. The study has ended and is not enrolling. Results may be posted on the official record.

Official record
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Trial summary

In December 2019, the Municipal Health Committee of Wuhan, China, identified an outbreak of viral pneumonia of unknown cause. This new coronavirus was called SARS-CoV-2 and the disease caused by that virus, COVID-19. Recent numbers show that 222,643 infections have been diagnosed with 9115 deaths, worldwide. Read more about this study

Who is it for?
Ages 18 years and older
What is being tested?
Chloroquine diphosphate
Type of treatment
Pill or oral medicine
Could I receive a placebo?
Yes, some participants may receive a placebo
How many people
278 participants
Where
1 siteBrazil
Study dates
23 Mar 2020to 7 Jun 2020
Phase
Phase 2
Are there results?
None posted in the registry

Key requirements

Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.

  • Ages 18 years and older
  • All sexes
  • No healthy volunteers
  • Adult, Older adult

Who may be able to join

  • Male and female participants aged over 18 years old
  • Hospitalized
  • presenting:
  • respiratory rate higher than 24 breathing incursions per minute AND/OR
  • heart rate higher than 125 beats per minute (in the absence of fever) AND/OR
  • peripheral oxygen saturation lower than 90% in ambient air AND/OR
  • shock (defined as mean arterial pressure less than 65 mmHg, requiring vasopressor or oliguria or lowering level of consciousness)

Who cannot join

  • None.

Trial locations and contacts

1 site in 1 country.

Brazil1 site
  • Hospital e Pronto Socorro Delphina Rinaldi Abdel Aziz

    Manaus, Amazonas, 69093-415

Other trials in Brazil

About this study

Official title: Efficacy and Safety of Chloroquine Diphosphate for the Treatment of Hospitalized Patients With Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Secondary to SARS-CoV2: a Phase IIb, Double-blind, Randomized Adaptive Clinical Trial

In December 2019, the Municipal Health Committee of Wuhan, China, identified an outbreak of viral pneumonia of unknown cause. This new coronavirus was called SARS-CoV-2 and the disease caused by that virus, COVID-19. Recent numbers show that 222,643 infections have been diagnosed with 9115 deaths, worldwide. Currently, there are no approved therapeutic agents available for coronaviruses. In this scenario, the situation of a global public health emergency and evidence about the potential positive effect of chloroquine (CQ) in most coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV-1, and recent data on small trials on SARS-CoV-2, the investigators intend to investigate the efficacy and the safety of CQ diphosphate in the treatment of hospitalized patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome in the scenario of SARS-CoV2. Preliminary in vitro studies and uncontrolled trials with low number of patients of CQ repositioning in the treatment of COVID-19 have been encouraging. The main hypothesis is that CQ diphosphate will reduce mortality in 50% in those with severe acute respiratory syndrome infected by the SARS-COV2. Therefore, the main objective is to assess whether the use of chloroquine diphosphate reduces mortality by 50% in the study population. The primary outcome is mortality in day 28 of follow-up. According to local contingency plan, developed by local government for COVID-19 in the State of Amazonas, the Hospital Pronto-Socorro Delphina Aziz, located in Manaus, is the reference unit for the admission of serious cases of the new virus. The unit currently has 50 ICU beds, with the possibility of expanding to 335 beds, if needed. The hospital also has trained multiprofessional human resources and adequate infrastructure. In total, 440 participants (220 per arm) will receive either high dose chloroquine 600 mg bid regime (4x150 mg tablets, every 12 hours, D1-D10) or low dose chloroquine 450mg bid regime (3x150mg tablets + 1 placebo tablet every 12 hours on D1, 3x150mg tablets + 1 placebo followed by 4 placebo tablets 12h later from D2 to D5, and 4 placebo tablets every 12 hours, D6-D10). Placebo tablets were used to standardize treatment duration and blind research team and patients. All drugs administered orally (or via nasogastric tube in case of orotracheal intubation). Both intervention and placebo drugs will be produced by Farmanguinhos. Clinical and laboratory data during hospitalization will be used to assess efficacy and safety outcomes.

Being tested
Chloroquine diphosphate
Keywords
COVID-19, SARS-CoV Infection, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) Pneumonia, Chloroquine Diphosphate, Clinical trial
Medical subject headings
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, Pneumonia, COVID-19

What participants receive

What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.

  • Chloroquine diphosphateDrug

    Also called chloroquine

    150mg chloroquine diphosphate tablets. Note: Tablets used in the study were Chloroquine Diphosphate (produced by Farmanguinhos/Fiocruz), and the dosing stated in the clinicaltrials.gov refers to chloroquine base (in mg).

Study groups in NCT04323527
Study groupRoleWhat they receive
Low Dose Chloroquine Diphosphate (5 days) (Study stage 1) - Clorocovid 1Active comparatorLow dose chloroquine group consists of 450 mg bid (3 tablets of 150 mg + 1 placebo tablet, every 12 hours) on D1, 3x150mg tablets + 1 placebo followed by 4 placebo tablets 12h later from D2 to D5, and 4 placebo tablets every 12 hours, D6-D10 . Oral administration or via nasogastric tube in case of orotracheal intubation. (this was the first stage of the original study and was approved by the Brazilian IRB on 23/March/2020).
Receives: Drug: Chloroquine diphosphate
High Dose Chloroquine Diphosphate (10 days) (Study stage 1) - Clorocovid 1Active comparatorHigh dose chloroquine group consists of 600 mg bid (4 tablets of 150 mg, every 12 hours) for 10 days. Oral administration or via nasogastric tube in case of orotracheal intubation. (this was the first stage of the original study and was approved by the Brazilian IRB on 23/March/2020).
Receives: Drug: Chloroquine diphosphate
Placebo (5 days) (Study stage 2) - Clorocovid 3Placebo comparatorPlacebo group consists of 3 placebo tablets bid (day 1), and 3 placebo tablets once daily from D2 to D5. Oral administration or via a nasogastric tube in case of orotracheal intubation. (this was a second stage of the original study and was approved by the Brazilian IRB on 03/May/2020).
Receives: Drug: Chloroquine diphosphate
Low Dose Chloroquine Diphosphate (5 days) (Study stage 2) - Clorocovid 3Active comparatorLow dose chloroquine group consisted of 450 mg bid (3 tablets of 150 mg) on D1, and 3x150mg tablet once daily from D2 to D5. Oral administration or via a nasogastric tube in case of orotracheal intubation. (this was a second stage of the original study and was approved by the Brazilian IRB on 03/May/2020).
Receives: Drug: Chloroquine diphosphate

What is being measured

The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.

  1. Mortality rate reduction of 50% by day 28

    proportion of deaths at day 28 between groups compared

    Measured: 28 days after randomization

Secondary outcomes (15)
  1. Absolute mortality on days 7 and 14

    number of deaths at days 7 and 14 between groups compared

    Measured: 7 and 14 days after first dose

  2. Improvement in overall subject's clinical status assessed in standardized clinical questionnaires on days 14 and 28

    clinical status

    Measured: 14 and 28 days after first dose

  3. Improvement in daily clinical status assessed in standardized clinical questionnaires during hospitalization

    clinical status

    Measured: during and after intervention, up to 28 days

  4. Duration of supplemental oxygen (if applicable)

    supplemental oxygen

    Measured: during and after intervention, up to 28 days

  5. Duration of mechanical ventilation (if applicable)

    mechanical ventilation

    Measured: during and after intervention, up to 28 days

  6. Absolute duration of hospital stay in days

    hospitalization

    Measured: during and after intervention, up to 28 days

  7. Prevalence of grade 3 and 4 adverse events

    adverse events grade 3 and 4

    Measured: during and after intervention, up to 28 days

  8. Prevalence of serious adverse events

    adverse events

    Measured: during and after intervention, up to 28 days

  9. Change in serum creatinine level

    increase or decrease in serum creatinine compared to baseline

    Measured: during and after intervention, up to 28 days

  10. Change in serum troponin I level

    increase or decrease in serum troponin I compared to baseline

    Measured: during and after intervention, up to 28 days

  11. Change in serum aspartate aminotransferase level

    increase or decrease in serum aspartate aminotransferase compared to baseline

    Measured: during and after intervention, up to 28 days

  12. Change in serum CK-MB level

    increase or decrease in serum aspartate aminotransferase compared to baseline

    Measured: during and after intervention, up to 28 days

  13. Change in detectable viral load in respiratory tract swabs

    virus clearance from respiratory tract secretion

    Measured: during and after intervention, up to 28 days

  14. Viral concentration in blood samples

    viremia in blood detected through RT-PCR

    Measured: during and after intervention, up to 28 days

  15. Absolute number of causes leading to participant death (if applicable)

    death

    Measured: during and after intervention, up to 28 days

Timeline

From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.

  1. First posted26 Mar 2020
  2. Study start23 Mar 2020
  3. Primary completion7 May 2020
  4. Study completion7 Jun 2020

Resources

More details

For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.

Study design
Study type
Interventional
Phase
Phase 2
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Randomised
Intervention model
Parallel groups
Masking
Quadruple blind
Who is masked
Participant, Care provider, Investigator, Outcomes assessor
Enrolment
278 participants (actual)
IDs, dates and publications
ClinicalTrials.gov ID
NCT04323527
Sponsor's protocol ID
CAAE: 30152620.1.0000.0005
Acronym
CloroCOVID19
Status last verified
Aug 2021
First submitted
19 Mar 2020
Last updated
9 Aug 2021
Results posted
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
Individual data sharing
Yes: all patient data will be shared after study publication

Publications

  • Erratum: Correlation between clinical and pathological findings of liver injury in 27 patients with lethal COVID-19 infections in Brazil. Hepatol Commun. 2024 Jun 27;8(7):e0492. doi: 10.1097/HC9.0000000000000492. eCollection 2024 Jul 1. No abstract available.

    PubMed 38934714
  • Borba MGS, Val FFA, Sampaio VS, Alexandre MAA, Melo GC, Brito M, Mourao MPG, Brito-Sousa JD, Baia-da-Silva D, Guerra MVF, Hajjar LA, Pinto RC, Balieiro AAS, Pacheco AGF, Santos JDO Jr, Naveca FG, Xavier MS, Siqueira AM, Schwarzbold A, Croda J, Nogueira ML, Romero GAS, Bassat Q, Fontes CJ, Albuquerque BC, Daniel-Ribeiro CT, Monteiro WM, Lacerda MVG; CloroCovid-19 Team. Effect of High vs Low Doses of Chloroquine Diphosphate as Adjunctive Therapy for Patients Hospitalized With Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Infection: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Netw Open. 2020 Apr 24;3(4):e208857. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.8857.

    PubMed 32330277

Questions about this trial

What is this clinical trial studying?

A Phase 2 study testing Chloroquine diphosphate in people with SARS-CoV Infection and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) Pneumonia, run by Fundação de Medicina Tropical Dr. Heitor Vieira Dourado at 1 site in Brazil.

The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.

Who may be eligible to take part?

The sponsor lists 7 inclusion and 1 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.

Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?

The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 9 Aug 2021. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.

Where is the study taking place?

The record lists 1 site in Brazil. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.

What are the possible benefits and risks?

They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. Some participants in this study may receive a placebo. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.

What does this phase mean?

Phase 2 studies give the treatment to a larger group to see whether it has the intended effect and to keep checking safety.

Not every study follows the same path, and some studies (observational studies, device studies) have no phase.

Are results available for this study?

The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.

How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?

The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.

What does the primary outcome measure?

Mortality rate reduction of 50% by day 28 (time frame: 28 days after randomization). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.

Where can I read the original study information?

On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT04323527, which also lists 2 linked publications.

Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?

No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.

How often is this information updated?

AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 9 Aug 2021.

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