HealthyNCT04357691
Effects of Different Cardiorespiratory Training Program on Endurance Performance
A study testing Conventional training and AI-led training in people with Healthy, run by Wang Yongtai Raymond at 1 site in Singapore.
Trial summary
Conventional training methods are typically administered in a fixed progressive manner, which can lead to sub-optimal responses and injuries. Artificial intelligence (i.e. CURATE.AI) can be harnessed to personalise physical training strategies. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 21 to 35 years, men onlyHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Healthy
- What is being tested?
- Conventional training and AI-led training
- Type of treatment
- Lifestyle or therapy programme
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 20 participants
- Where
- 1 siteSingapore
- Study dates
- 25 May 2020to 31 Dec 2022
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 21 to 35 years
- Men only
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult
Who may be able to join
- Do not smoke or use tobacco products (including shisha)
- BMI < 30
- Medically fit
- 2.4 km run time of 10 to 14 minutes in the past 12 months
Who cannot join
- •Individuals with a history of existing musculoskeletal injury or respiratory diseases
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
Singapore1 site
National University of Singapore
Singapore
Yongtai, Raymond Wang, MSc, +65 90472892, phswyr@nus.edu.sg
About this study
Conventional training methods are typically administered in a fixed progressive manner, which can lead to sub-optimal responses and injuries. Artificial intelligence (i.e. CURATE.AI) can be harnessed to personalise physical training strategies. Using a single participant training profile, a parabolic/quadratic response to the intervention can be generated to identify the training intensity needed to optimise training outcomes. Previous studies showed CURATE.AI could dynamically modulate drug dosing in oncology. Extending the utility of results to human performance, this study will adapt CURATE.AI with the goal of optimising endurance performance through individualised training regimes.
Up to 20 participants will be recruited and randomised into two groups to undergo a calibration phase, which involves performing 3 sessions of exercise sessions per week over 2 weeks per intensity (low, moderate and high) in a crossover study design. Exercise sessions will be interspersed with a 2.4 km time trial, a VO2peak test and 2 weeks of wash out period. The utility phase will divide participants into two groups to undergo 3 exercise sessions per week, totalling to 12 exercise sessions. Either an AI-led training or a conventional training programme will be performed to compare the differences in training outcomes. Blood plasma will be obtained at selected time points in both phases to evaluate the effects of training on blood lipid profiles.
Findings from this study can potentially optimise efficacy and efficiency of endurance performance through personalised training with AI.
Read the detailed description
Participants:
Up to 20 recreationally active healthy males, aged between 21 to 35 years, will be recruited to take part in this study. All volunteers will provide their informed consent in writing before participating in the study. The possible risk and benefits will be made known to the participant prior to the agreement to participate and they will be allowed to withdraw from the study at any point in time without any reason provided. All potential participants will first be required to undergo medical screening by a certified independent practitioner before participating in the study. The medical practitioner conducting the assessment will be informed of the purpose of the medical screening. The screening is to ensure that the potential participant is eligible to take part in the study. The personal particulars form will also be completed by each participant prior to the commencement of each trial.
Baseline measurements and familiarisation trials:
In the first session, anthropometry measurements will be taken. Based on the height and nude body mass, the body mass index (BMI) will be calculated (body mass in kg) / (height in m)2. Waist and hip circumference will be determined using a measuring tape. Skinfold thickness measurements will be taken at 4 sites (biceps, triceps, subscapular and suprailiac) in triplicate using skinfold calliper and the mean value will be used to calculate total skin fold. Body density will be calculated according to the estimation of Durnin and Womersley (1974) and percentage body fat will be estimated using the equation of Siri (1956).
Familiarisation of the 2.4 km time trial and the treadmill peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak) test will be performed 2 weeks before the commencement of the actual 2.4 km time trial. Ample rest is given between the two sessions for recovery.
Control of trial status:
Before the commencement of every trials, participants will be reminded to remain hydrated by consuming sufficient fluids, to have at least 8 hours of sleep, to refrain from alcoholic beverages, and to refrain from any forms of strenuous physical activity 24 h before each trial. Blood glucose will be measured before the start of the session via finger pricked using a lancing device. Prior to the pricking of the finger, the site will be disinfected with an alcohol wipe(s) and pressure will be applied to the site of the prick after blood sampling to minimise any bruising that may develop. In addition, Participants will be required to perform a 2-day dietary record prior to every blood draw session. They will be requested to refrain from participating in other aerobic training regimes (other than the prescribed exercise routine) or any acute strenuous bout of exercise that is not part of their routine during the study period.
Study design:
Participants will be required to undergo endurance interval training with low, moderate or high intensity. Each training session will comprise a warm-up run (50-60% VO2peak) followed by a 1-min fast run (80 to 140% VO2peak) interspersed with 1-min of recovery between each running bout till participants reach 18 out of 20 on the ratings of perceived exertion (RPE; Borg's scale). Participants will perform 10-15 repetitions of interval runs during each session. Heart rate, RPE, and blood pressure will be measured continuously at stipulated intervals. Water will be provided ad libitum during all training sessions. In the utility phase, participants will either perform an AI-led training or a conventional training program for 4 weeks. A 2.4 km time trial and a treadmill peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak) test will be conducted at baseline, in between the low, moderate and high intensity bouts of training in the calibration phase, and before the first and last week of the utility phase. Similar to the familiarisation trials, the treadmill VO2peak test and 2.4 km time trial will be done at 3 days apart from each other to allow for recovery. The two phases would consist of 47 sessions, inclusive of seven VO2peak tests and seven 2.4 km time trials. The total duration for each participant will take approximately 6 months.
Blood sampling and analysis:
After 5 min of seated rest, participant will immerse their arm in warm water (42-45°C) for 10 min to promote arterialisation of venous blood. Blood (10 ml) will be withdrawn from the antecubital vein of the participants into an ETDA vacutainer tube for subsequent analysis of the lipid profile.
- Conditions
- Healthy
- Being tested
- Conventional training, AI-led training
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Conventional trainingBehavioural
Participants will perform a conventional training for 4 weeks, using low-moderate-high-low intensity progression training model
AI-led trainingBehavioural
Participants will perform an AI-led training for 4 weeks
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Healthy individuals (low-high-mod) | Other | Participants will undergo the calibration phase beginning with low intensity training, followed by high, and moderate intensity training. Each training intensity will be performed 3 days a week for 2 weeks Receives: Behavioral: Conventional training; Behavioral: AI-led training |
| Healthy individuals (mod-high-low) | Other | Participants will undergo the calibration phase beginning with moderate intensity training, followed by high, and low intensity training. Each training intensity will be performed 3 days a week for 2 weeks Receives: Behavioral: Conventional training; Behavioral: AI-led training |
| Healthy individuals (mod-low-high) | Other | Participants will undergo the calibration phase beginning with moderate intensity training, followed by low, and high intensity training. Each training intensity will be performed 3 days a week for 2 weeks. Receives: Behavioral: Conventional training; Behavioral: AI-led training |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Changes in 2.4 km completion time following first cycle in phase 1
Time taken to complete 2.4 km
Measured: Baseline and Week 4 of phase 1 (phase 1 first cycle consist of 42 days)
Changes in 2.4 km completion time following second cycle in phase 1
Time taken to complete 2.4 km
Measured: Baseline and Week 9 of phase 1 (phase 1 second cycle consist of 35 days)
Changes in 2.4 km completion time following third cycle in phase 1
Time taken to complete 2.4 km
Measured: Baseline and Week 14 of phase 1 (phase 1 third cycle consist of 21 days)
Changes in 2.4 km completion time following phase 2
Time taken to complete 2.4 km
Measured: Baseline and Week 6 of phase 2 (phase 2 consist of 49 days)
Secondary outcomes (10)
Changes in VO2peak following first cycle in phase 1
Measurement of oxygen uptake under maximal work capacity
Measured: Baseline and Week 4 of phase 1 (phase 1 first cycle consist of 42 days)
Changes in VO2peak following second cycle in phase 1
Measurement of oxygen uptake under maximal work capacity
Measured: Baseline and Week 9 of phase 1 (phase 1 second cycle consist of 35 days)
Changes in VO2peak following third cycle in phase 1
Measurement of oxygen uptake under maximal work capacity
Measured: Baseline and Week 14 of phase 1 (phase 1 third cycle consist of 21 days)
Changes in VO2peak following phase 2
Measurement of oxygen uptake under maximal work capacity
Measured: Baseline and Week 6 of phase 2 (phase 2 consist of 49 days)
Resting blood lipids panel (triglycerides, cholesterols, phospholipids, sphingolipids, inflammatory lipids, testosterone, cortisol, endocannabinoids) in phase 1
Lipid biomarkers related to metabolism, inflammation, fitness, health, and pain
Measured: Week 1 of phase 1 (phase 1 consist of 98 days)
Changes in blood lipids panel (triglycerides, cholesterols, phospholipids, sphingolipids, inflammatory lipids, testosterone, cortisol, endocannabinoids) pre- and post- training following first cycle in phase 1
Lipid biomarkers related to metabolism, inflammation, fitness, health, and pain
Measured: Week 2 and 3 of phase 1 (phase 1 first cycle consist of 42 days)
Changes in blood lipids panel (triglycerides, cholesterols, phospholipids, sphingolipids, inflammatory lipids, testosterone, cortisol, endocannabinoids) pre- and post- training following second cycle in phase 1
Lipid biomarkers related to metabolism, inflammation, fitness, health, and pain
Measured: Week 7 and 8 of phase 1 (phase 1 second cycle consist of 35 days)
Changes in blood lipids panel (triglycerides, cholesterols, phospholipids, sphingolipids, inflammatory lipids, testosterone, cortisol, endocannabinoids) pre- and post- training following third cycle in phase 1
Lipid biomarkers related to metabolism, inflammation, fitness, health, and pain
Measured: Week 12 and 13 of phase 1 (phase 1 third cycle consist of 21 days)
Changes in resting blood lipids panel (triglycerides, cholesterols, phospholipids, sphingolipids, inflammatory lipids, testosterone, cortisol, endocannabinoids) in phase 2
Lipid biomarkers related to metabolism, inflammation, fitness, health, and pain
Measured: Week 1 and 7 of phase 2 (phase 2 consist of 49 days)
Changes in blood lipids panel (triglycerides, cholesterols, phospholipids, sphingolipids, inflammatory lipids, testosterone, cortisol, endocannabinoids) pre- and post- training in phase 2
Lipid biomarkers related to metabolism, inflammation, fitness, health, and pain
Measured: Week 2, 4 and 5 of phase 2 (phase 2 consist of 49 days)
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted22 Apr 2020
- Study start25 May 2020 (estimated)
- Primary completion31 Dec 2022 (estimated)
- Study completion31 Dec 2022 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (2)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for HealthyStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Other
- Allocation
- Non-randomised
- Intervention model
- Crossover
- Masking
- Single blind
- Who is masked
- Participant
- Enrolment
- 20 participants (estimated)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Wang Yongtai Raymond
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- The N.1 Institute for Health (N.1)
- Responsible party
- Sponsor-investigator, Wang Yongtai Raymond, National University of Singapore
- Investigators
- Kai Wei, Jason Lee, PhD, Principal investigator, National University of SingaporeDean Ho, PhD, Principal investigator, National University of Singapore
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT04357691
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- Project CURATE
- Status last verified
- Apr 2020
- First submitted
- 7 Apr 2020
- Last updated
- 4 May 2020
- Results posted
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No: This is in compliance with the national personal data protection act. Institutions would need to abide to the data protection law when handling personal data. However, ample information has been provided in the inclusion and exclusion criteria to understand the participant's demographics used in this study.
Publications
Wang H, Lee DK, Chen KY, Chen JY, Zhang K, Silva A, Ho CM, Ho D. Mechanism-independent optimization of combinatorial nanodiamond and unmodified drug delivery using a phenotypically driven platform technology. ACS Nano. 2015 Mar 24;9(3):3332-44. doi: 10.1021/acsnano.5b00638. Epub 2015 Feb 23.
PubMed 25689511Rashid MBMA, Toh TB, Hooi L, Silva A, Zhang Y, Tan PF, Teh AL, Karnani N, Jha S, Ho CM, Chng WJ, Ho D, Chow EK. Optimizing drug combinations against multiple myeloma using a quadratic phenotypic optimization platform (QPOP). Sci Transl Med. 2018 Aug 8;10(453):eaan0941. doi: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aan0941.
PubMed 30089632
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 4 May 2020. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Effects of Different Cardiorespiratory Training Program on Endurance Performance
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT04357691
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- Project CURATE
- Conditions
- Healthy
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Unknown status
- Enrolment
- 20 participants (estimated)
- Lead sponsor
- Wang Yongtai RaymondUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- The N.1 Institute for Health (N.1)
- Study start
- 25 May 2020 (estimated)
- Primary completion
- 31 Dec 2022 (estimated)
- Study completion
- 31 Dec 2022 (estimated)
- First posted
- 22 Apr 2020 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Conventional training methods are typically administered in a fixed progressive manner, which can lead to sub-optimal responses and injuries. Artificial intelligence (i.e. CURATE.AI) can be harnessed to personalise physical training strategies. Using a single participant training profile, a parabolic/quadratic response to the intervention can be generated to identify the training intensity needed to optimise training outcomes. Previous studies showed CURATE.AI could dynamically modulate drug dosing in oncology. Extending the utility of results to human performance, this study will adapt CURATE.AI with the goal of optimising endurance performance through individualised training regimes.
Up to 20 participants will be recruited and randomised into two groups to undergo a calibration phase, which involves performing 3 sessions of exercise sessions per week over 2 weeks per intensity (low, moderate and high) in a crossover study design. Exercise sessions will be interspersed with a 2.4 km time trial, a VO2peak test and 2 weeks of wash out period. The utility phase will divide participants into two groups to undergo 3 exercise sessions per week, totalling to 12 exercise sessions. Either an AI-led training or a conventional training programme will be performed to compare the differences in training outcomes. Blood plasma will be obtained at selected time points in both phases to evaluate the effects of training on blood lipid profiles.
Findings from this study can potentially optimise efficacy and efficiency of endurance performance through personalised training with AI.
Detailed description
Participants:
Up to 20 recreationally active healthy males, aged between 21 to 35 years, will be recruited to take part in this study. All volunteers will provide their informed consent in writing before participating in the study. The possible risk and benefits will be made known to the participant prior to the agreement to participate and they will be allowed to withdraw from the study at any point in time without any reason provided. All potential participants will first be required to undergo medical screening by a certified independent practitioner before participating in the study. The medical practitioner conducting the assessment will be informed of the purpose of the medical screening. The screening is to ensure that the potential participant is eligible to take part in the study. The personal particulars form will also be completed by each participant prior to the commencement of each trial.
Baseline measurements and familiarisation trials:
In the first session, anthropometry measurements will be taken. Based on the height and nude body mass, the body mass index (BMI) will be calculated (body mass in kg) / (height in m)2. Waist and hip circumference will be determined using a measuring tape. Skinfold thickness measurements will be taken at 4 sites (biceps, triceps, subscapular and suprailiac) in triplicate using skinfold calliper and the mean value will be used to calculate total skin fold. Body density will be calculated according to the estimation of Durnin and Womersley (1974) and percentage body fat will be estimated using the equation of Siri (1956).
Familiarisation of the 2.4 km time trial and the treadmill peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak) test will be performed 2 weeks before the commencement of the actual 2.4 km time trial. Ample rest is given between the two sessions for recovery.
Control of trial status:
Before the commencement of every trials, participants will be reminded to remain hydrated by consuming sufficient fluids, to have at least 8 hours of sleep, to refrain from alcoholic beverages, and to refrain from any forms of strenuous physical activity 24 h before each trial. Blood glucose will be measured before the start of the session via finger pricked using a lancing device. Prior to the pricking of the finger, the site will be disinfected with an alcohol wipe(s) and pressure will be applied to the site of the prick after blood sampling to minimise any bruising that may develop. In addition, Participants will be required to perform a 2-day dietary record prior to every blood draw session. They will be requested to refrain from participating in other aerobic training regimes (other than the prescribed exercise routine) or any acute strenuous bout of exercise that is not part of their routine during the study period.
Study design:
Participants will be required to undergo endurance interval training with low, moderate or high intensity. Each training session will comprise a warm-up run (50-60% VO2peak) followed by a 1-min fast run (80 to 140% VO2peak) interspersed with 1-min of recovery between each running bout till participants reach 18 out of 20 on the ratings of perceived exertion (RPE; Borg's scale). Participants will perform 10-15 repetitions of interval runs during each session. Heart rate, RPE, and blood pressure will be measured continuously at stipulated intervals. Water will be provided ad libitum during all training sessions. In the utility phase, participants will either perform an AI-led training or a conventional training program for 4 weeks. A 2.4 km time trial and a treadmill peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak) test will be conducted at baseline, in between the low, moderate and high intensity bouts of training in the calibration phase, and before the first and last week of the utility phase. Similar to the familiarisation trials, the treadmill VO2peak test and 2.4 km time trial will be done at 3 days apart from each other to allow for recovery. The two phases would consist of 47 sessions, inclusive of seven VO2peak tests and seven 2.4 km time trials. The total duration for each participant will take approximately 6 months.
Blood sampling and analysis:
After 5 min of seated rest, participant will immerse their arm in warm water (42-45°C) for 10 min to promote arterialisation of venous blood. Blood (10 ml) will be withdrawn from the antecubital vein of the participants into an ETDA vacutainer tube for subsequent analysis of the lipid profile.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Other
- Allocation
- Non-randomised
- Intervention model
- Crossover
- Masking
- Single blind (participant)
- Number of arms
- 3
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Healthy individuals (low-high-mod) | Other | Behavioral: Conventional training, Behavioral: AI-led trainingParticipants will undergo the calibration phase beginning with low intensity training, followed by high, and moderate intensity training. Each training intensity will be performed 3 days a week for 2 weeks |
| Healthy individuals (mod-high-low) | Other | Behavioral: Conventional training, Behavioral: AI-led trainingParticipants will undergo the calibration phase beginning with moderate intensity training, followed by high, and low intensity training. Each training intensity will be performed 3 days a week for 2 weeks |
| Healthy individuals (mod-low-high) | Other | Behavioral: Conventional training, Behavioral: AI-led trainingParticipants will undergo the calibration phase beginning with moderate intensity training, followed by low, and high intensity training. Each training intensity will be performed 3 days a week for 2 weeks. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 21 to 35 years
- Sex
- Male only
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult
Key inclusion criteria (4 listed)
- Do not smoke or use tobacco products (including shisha)
- BMI < 30
- Medically fit
- 2.4 km run time of 10 to 14 minutes in the past 12 months
Key exclusion criteria (1 listed)
- •Individuals with a history of existing musculoskeletal injury or respiratory diseases
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Conventional trainingParticipants will perform a conventional training for 4 weeks, using low-moderate-high-low intensity progression training model | Behavioural | Healthy individuals (low-high-mod), Healthy individuals (mod-high-low), Healthy individuals (mod-low-high) |
| AI-led trainingParticipants will perform an AI-led training for 4 weeks | Behavioural | Healthy individuals (low-high-mod), Healthy individuals (mod-high-low), Healthy individuals (mod-low-high) |
Primary outcome
Changes in 2.4 km completion time following first cycle in phase 1
Time frame: Baseline and Week 4 of phase 1 (phase 1 first cycle consist of 42 days)
Time taken to complete 2.4 km
Changes in 2.4 km completion time following second cycle in phase 1
Time frame: Baseline and Week 9 of phase 1 (phase 1 second cycle consist of 35 days)
Time taken to complete 2.4 km
Changes in 2.4 km completion time following third cycle in phase 1
Time frame: Baseline and Week 14 of phase 1 (phase 1 third cycle consist of 21 days)
Time taken to complete 2.4 km
Changes in 2.4 km completion time following phase 2
Time frame: Baseline and Week 6 of phase 2 (phase 2 consist of 49 days)
Time taken to complete 2.4 km
10 secondary outcomes
Changes in VO2peak following first cycle in phase 1
Time frame: Baseline and Week 4 of phase 1 (phase 1 first cycle consist of 42 days)
Changes in VO2peak following second cycle in phase 1
Time frame: Baseline and Week 9 of phase 1 (phase 1 second cycle consist of 35 days)
Changes in VO2peak following third cycle in phase 1
Time frame: Baseline and Week 14 of phase 1 (phase 1 third cycle consist of 21 days)
Changes in VO2peak following phase 2
Time frame: Baseline and Week 6 of phase 2 (phase 2 consist of 49 days)
Resting blood lipids panel (triglycerides, cholesterols, phospholipids, sphingolipids, inflammatory lipids, testosterone, cortisol, endocannabinoids) in phase 1
Time frame: Week 1 of phase 1 (phase 1 consist of 98 days)
Changes in blood lipids panel (triglycerides, cholesterols, phospholipids, sphingolipids, inflammatory lipids, testosterone, cortisol, endocannabinoids) pre- and post- training following first cycle in phase 1
Time frame: Week 2 and 3 of phase 1 (phase 1 first cycle consist of 42 days)
Changes in blood lipids panel (triglycerides, cholesterols, phospholipids, sphingolipids, inflammatory lipids, testosterone, cortisol, endocannabinoids) pre- and post- training following second cycle in phase 1
Time frame: Week 7 and 8 of phase 1 (phase 1 second cycle consist of 35 days)
Changes in blood lipids panel (triglycerides, cholesterols, phospholipids, sphingolipids, inflammatory lipids, testosterone, cortisol, endocannabinoids) pre- and post- training following third cycle in phase 1
Time frame: Week 12 and 13 of phase 1 (phase 1 third cycle consist of 21 days)
Changes in resting blood lipids panel (triglycerides, cholesterols, phospholipids, sphingolipids, inflammatory lipids, testosterone, cortisol, endocannabinoids) in phase 2
Time frame: Week 1 and 7 of phase 2 (phase 2 consist of 49 days)
Changes in blood lipids panel (triglycerides, cholesterols, phospholipids, sphingolipids, inflammatory lipids, testosterone, cortisol, endocannabinoids) pre- and post- training in phase 2
Time frame: Week 2, 4 and 5 of phase 2 (phase 2 consist of 49 days)
Results and safety
Results are not available in the source record.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 4 May 2020.
- Background: PubMed 25689511Wang H, Lee DK, Chen KY, Chen JY, Zhang K, Silva A, Ho CM, Ho D. Mechanism-independent optimization of combinatorial nanodiamond and unmodified drug delivery using a phenotypically driven platform technology. ACS Nano. 2015 Mar 24;9(3):3332-44. doi: 10.1021/acsnano.5b00638. Epub 2015 Feb 23.
- Background: PubMed 30089632Rashid MBMA, Toh TB, Hooi L, Silva A, Zhang Y, Tan PF, Teh AL, Karnani N, Jha S, Ho CM, Chng WJ, Ho D, Chow EK. Optimizing drug combinations against multiple myeloma using a quadratic phenotypic optimization platform (QPOP). Sci Transl Med. 2018 Aug 8;10(453):eaan0941. doi: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aan0941.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No. This is in compliance with the national personal data protection act. Institutions would need to abide to the data protection law when handling personal data. However, ample information has been provided in the inclusion and exclusion criteria to understand the participant's demographics used in this study.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Kai Wei, Jason Lee, PhD principal investigator
National University of Singapore
Dean Ho, PhD principal investigator
National University of Singapore
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Conventional training and AI-led training in people with Healthy, run by Wang Yongtai Raymond at 1 site in Singapore.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 4 inclusion and 1 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: status not confirmed, as of the sponsor's last update on 4 May 2020. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Singapore. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
Results are not available in the source record.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
Contact Yongtai, Raymond Wang, MSc (+65 90472892, phswyr@nus.edu.sg), or a site near the patient. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Changes in 2.4 km completion time following first cycle in phase 1 (time frame: Baseline and Week 4 of phase 1 (phase 1 first cycle consist of 42 days)). The study lists 4 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT04357691, which also lists 2 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 4 May 2020; AzTrials last refreshed its copy on 29 Oct 2026.