SARS-CoV 2COVAPIDNCT04359693
Impact of COVID-19 Infection on the Incidence of Ventilator-acquired Infections
An observational study of SARS-CoV 2, run by University Hospital, Lille at 1 site in France.
Trial summary
Observational cohort study aiming at comparing the incidence of ventilator-associated lower respiratory tract infections between COVID-19 patients and two control groups: one with influenza pneumonia and the other with no viral pneumonia. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 years and older
- Conditions the study is for
- SARS-CoV 2
- How many people
- 1,576 participants
- Where
- 1 siteFrance
- Study dates
- 22 Apr 2020to 1 Jul 2020
- Phase
- Observational
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 years and older
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Study population: patients suspected of pulmonary infection and admitted in ICU
Who may be able to join
- For all three groups:
- Major patient
- In patients in ICU
- Patients intubated and mechanically ventilated for more than 48 hours.
- For the SARS-CoV2 group: community-acquired SARS-CoV2 pneumonia For the influenza group: community-acquired influenza pneumonia For the "No Viral Infection" group: no viral pneumonia on admission.
Who cannot join
- Refusal to participate
- Lack of social security coverage
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
Official title: Impact of SARS-CoV-2 Infection on the Incidence of Ventilator-acquired Infections
Observational cohort study aiming at comparing the incidence of ventilator-associated lower respiratory tract infections between COVID-19 patients and two control groups: one with influenza pneumonia and the other with no viral pneumonia.
Read the detailed description
COVAPID is a multicenter cohort study with two retrospective control groups. No intervention will be performed in included patients, only patient characteristics and data on VA-LRTI will be collected.
Patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 community-acquired pneumonia, admitted to the participating ICUs from the start of COVID epidemic will be eligible for this study. Those admitted before the beginning of this study will be included retrospectively, and those admitted after the beginning of the study will be included prospectively. 10-20 patients per center will be included in this group. SARSCoV2 infection will be confirmed by a nasopharyngeal PCR or respiratory secretions (tracheal aspirate or bronchoalveolar lavage) PCR. Two retrospective groups will be constituted in order to give some insight of potential impact of SARS-CoV2 infection on the incidence of VALRTI :1) Influenza group : patients with influenza (A or B) community-acquired pneumonia. All patients with influenza community acquired pneumonia and admitted in the same ICU will be eligible in this group.
The number of patients included in this group per center will be similar as that of patients included in the SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia group (10-20 patients). These consecutive patients will by identified using the files of Virology Lab. The first included patient will be the last of the current influenza season (2019-2020), and others will be taken consecutively back to 2019 of 2018 if necessary. PCR (nasopharyngeal or respiratory secretions) confirmation of influenza (A ou B) is required for patients in this group. 2) No viral infection group: patients with no viral community acquired pneumonia. All patients receiving invasive mechanical ventilation for more than 48h before COVID epidemic, for any reason other than viral pneumonia are eligible for this group. The number of included patients in this group will be similar as that of patients included in the SARS-CoV-2 group in the same center (10-20 patients) These consecutive patients will be included starting at the end of January 2020 and going back to 2019 if necessary. VAT and VAP are defined using clinical, radiological and quantitative microbiological criteria.
- Conditions
- SARS-CoV 2
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| SARS-CoV2 group | Patients receiving invasive mechanical ventilation for more than 48h with SARS-CoV-2 infection | |
| Flu group | Patients receiving invasive mechanical ventilation for more than 48h with influenza infection | |
| No viral infection group | Patients receiving invasive mechanical ventilation for more than 48h with no viral infection at ICU admission |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Cumulative incidence of ventilator-associated lower respiratory tract infection
the incidence of ventilator associated pneumonia and ventilator associated tracheobronchitis
Measured: from day 3 of mechanical ventilation to extubation or day 28 post-intubation.
Secondary outcomes (7)
Cumulative incidence of ventilator-associated tracheobronchitis
incidence of ventilator-associated tracheobronchitis
Measured: from day 3 of mechanical ventilation to extubation or day 28 post intubation
Cumulative incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia
incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia
Measured: from Day 3 of mechanical ventilation to extubation or day 28 post intubation.
the cumulative incidence of ICU acquired bacteremia diagnosed
incidence of ICU-acquired bacteremia
Measured: from ICU admission to extubation or Day 28.
ICU mortality
death in the ICU
Measured: at day 28
Mortality
death
Measured: at day 28
the duration of mechanical ventilation
number of days Under mechanical ventilation
Measured: from the start of mechanical ventilation to extubation or day 28 post intubation
Length of stay in Intensive Care Unit
number of days in the ICU
Measured: from admission to ICU until extubation or Day 28
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted24 Apr 2020
- Study start22 Apr 2020
- Primary completion1 Jul 2020
- Study completion1 Jul 2020
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (4)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for SARS-CoV 2Studies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by University Hospital, LilleThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Observational
- Observational model
- Cohort
- Time perspective
- Prospective
- Enrolment
- 1,576 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- University Hospital, Lille
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Saad Nseir, MD,PhD, Principal investigator, University Hospital, Lille
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT04359693
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 2020_27
- Other IDs
- 2020-A00995-34
- Acronym
- COVAPID
- Status last verified
- Jul 2020
- First submitted
- 21 Apr 2020
- Last updated
- 22 Apr 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
Publications
Kreitmann L, Bayon C, Martin-Loeches I, Povoa P, Salluh J, Rouze A, Moreau AS, Duhamel A, Labreuche J, Nseir S; Type of iMmunosuppression and the Incidence, Microbiology, and OutcomeS of ventilator-Associated lower respiratory tract infections (MIMOSA) Study Group. Association Between Type of Immunosuppression and the Incidence, Microbiology, and Outcomes of Bacterial Ventilator-Associated Lower Respiratory Tract Infections: A Retrospective Multicenter Study. Crit Care Med. 2025 May 1;53(5):e1080-e1094. doi: 10.1097/CCM.0000000000006615. Epub 2025 Feb 21.
PubMed 39982132Rouze A, Lemaitre E, Martin-Loeches I, Povoa P, Diaz E, Nyga R, Torres A, Metzelard M, Du Cheyron D, Lambiotte F, Tamion F, Labruyere M, Boulle Geronimi C, Luyt CE, Nyunga M, Pouly O, Thille AW, Megarbane B, Saade A, Magira E, Llitjos JF, Ioannidou I, Pierre A, Reignier J, Garot D, Kreitmann L, Baudel JL, Voiriot G, Plantefeve G, Morawiec E, Asfar P, Boyer A, Mekontso-Dessap A, Makris D, Vinsonneau C, Floch PE, Marois C, Ceccato A, Artigas A, Gaudet A, Nora D, Cornu M, Duhamel A, Labreuche J, Nseir S; coVAPid study group. Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis among intubated patients with SARS-CoV-2 or influenza pneumonia: a European multicenter comparative cohort study. Crit Care. 2022 Jan 4;26(1):11. doi: 10.1186/s13054-021-03874-1.
PubMed 34983611Rouze A, Martin-Loeches I, Povoa P, Metzelard M, Du Cheyron D, Lambiotte F, Tamion F, Labruyere M, Boulle Geronimi C, Nieszkowska A, Nyunga M, Pouly O, Thille AW, Megarbane B, Saade A, Diaz E, Magira E, Llitjos JF, Cilloniz C, Ioannidou I, Pierre A, Reignier J, Garot D, Kreitmann L, Baudel JL, Fartoukh M, Plantefeve G, Beurton A, Asfar P, Boyer A, Mekontso-Dessap A, Makris D, Vinsonneau C, Floch PE, Weiss N, Ceccato A, Artigas A, Bouchereau M, Duhamel A, Labreuche J, Nseir S; coVAPid Study Group. Early Bacterial Identification among Intubated Patients with COVID-19 or Influenza Pneumonia: A European Multicenter Comparative Clinical Trial. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2021 Sep 1;204(5):546-556. doi: 10.1164/rccm.202101-0030OC.
PubMed 34038699Nseir S, Martin-Loeches I, Povoa P, Metzelard M, Du Cheyron D, Lambiotte F, Tamion F, Labruyere M, Makris D, Boulle Geronimi C, Pinetonde Chambrun M, Nyunga M, Pouly O, Megarbane B, Saade A, Goma G, Magira E, Llitjos JF, Torres A, Ioannidou I, Pierre A, Coelho L, Reignier J, Garot D, Kreitmann L, Baudel JL, Voiriot G, Contou D, Beurton A, Asfar P, Boyer A, Thille AW, Mekontso-Dessap A, Tsolaki V, Vinsonneau C, Floch PE, Le Guennec L, Ceccato A, Artigas A, Bouchereau M, Labreuche J, Duhamel A, Rouze A; coVAPid study group. Relationship between ventilator-associated pneumonia and mortality in COVID-19 patients: a planned ancillary analysis of the coVAPid cohort. Crit Care. 2021 May 25;25(1):177. doi: 10.1186/s13054-021-03588-4.
PubMed 34034777
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 22 Apr 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Impact of SARS-CoV-2 Infection on the Incidence of Ventilator-acquired Infections
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT04359693
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- COVAPID / 2020_27
- Conditions
- SARS-CoV 2
- Study type
- Observational
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 1,576 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- University Hospital, LilleUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 22 Apr 2020 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 1 Jul 2020 (actual)
- Study completion
- 1 Jul 2020 (actual)
- First posted
- 24 Apr 2020 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Observational cohort study aiming at comparing the incidence of ventilator-associated lower respiratory tract infections between COVID-19 patients and two control groups: one with influenza pneumonia and the other with no viral pneumonia.
Detailed description
COVAPID is a multicenter cohort study with two retrospective control groups. No intervention will be performed in included patients, only patient characteristics and data on VA-LRTI will be collected.
Patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 community-acquired pneumonia, admitted to the participating ICUs from the start of COVID epidemic will be eligible for this study. Those admitted before the beginning of this study will be included retrospectively, and those admitted after the beginning of the study will be included prospectively. 10-20 patients per center will be included in this group. SARSCoV2 infection will be confirmed by a nasopharyngeal PCR or respiratory secretions (tracheal aspirate or bronchoalveolar lavage) PCR. Two retrospective groups will be constituted in order to give some insight of potential impact of SARS-CoV2 infection on the incidence of VALRTI :1) Influenza group : patients with influenza (A or B) community-acquired pneumonia. All patients with influenza community acquired pneumonia and admitted in the same ICU will be eligible in this group.
The number of patients included in this group per center will be similar as that of patients included in the SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia group (10-20 patients). These consecutive patients will by identified using the files of Virology Lab. The first included patient will be the last of the current influenza season (2019-2020), and others will be taken consecutively back to 2019 of 2018 if necessary. PCR (nasopharyngeal or respiratory secretions) confirmation of influenza (A ou B) is required for patients in this group. 2) No viral infection group: patients with no viral community acquired pneumonia. All patients receiving invasive mechanical ventilation for more than 48h before COVID epidemic, for any reason other than viral pneumonia are eligible for this group. The number of included patients in this group will be similar as that of patients included in the SARS-CoV-2 group in the same center (10-20 patients) These consecutive patients will be included starting at the end of January 2020 and going back to 2019 if necessary. VAT and VAP are defined using clinical, radiological and quantitative microbiological criteria.
Study design
- Observational model
- Cohort
- Time perspective
- Prospective
- Number of arms
- 3
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| SARS-CoV2 group | – | –Patients receiving invasive mechanical ventilation for more than 48h with SARS-CoV-2 infection |
| Flu group | – | –Patients receiving invasive mechanical ventilation for more than 48h with influenza infection |
| No viral infection group | – | –Patients receiving invasive mechanical ventilation for more than 48h with no viral infection at ICU admission |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 years and older
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
- Study population
- patients suspected of pulmonary infection and admitted in ICU
Key inclusion criteria (5 listed)
- Major patient
- In patients in ICU
- Patients intubated and mechanically ventilated for more than 48 hours.
- For the SARS-CoV2 group: community-acquired SARS-CoV2 pneumonia For the influenza group: community-acquired influenza pneumonia For the "No Viral Infection" group: no viral pneumonia on admission.
Key exclusion criteria (2 listed)
- Refusal to participate
- Lack of social security coverage
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Primary outcome
Cumulative incidence of ventilator-associated lower respiratory tract infection
Time frame: from day 3 of mechanical ventilation to extubation or day 28 post-intubation.
the incidence of ventilator associated pneumonia and ventilator associated tracheobronchitis
7 secondary outcomes
Cumulative incidence of ventilator-associated tracheobronchitis
Time frame: from day 3 of mechanical ventilation to extubation or day 28 post intubation
Cumulative incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia
Time frame: from Day 3 of mechanical ventilation to extubation or day 28 post intubation.
the cumulative incidence of ICU acquired bacteremia diagnosed
Time frame: from ICU admission to extubation or Day 28.
ICU mortality
Time frame: at day 28
Mortality
Time frame: at day 28
the duration of mechanical ventilation
Time frame: from the start of mechanical ventilation to extubation or day 28 post intubation
Length of stay in Intensive Care Unit
Time frame: from admission to ICU until extubation or Day 28
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 22 Apr 2026.
- Results publication: PubMed 39982132Kreitmann L, Bayon C, Martin-Loeches I, Povoa P, Salluh J, Rouze A, Moreau AS, Duhamel A, Labreuche J, Nseir S; Type of iMmunosuppression and the Incidence, Microbiology, and OutcomeS of ventilator-Associated lower respiratory tract infections (MIMOSA) Study Group. Association Between Type of Immunosuppression and the Incidence, Microbiology, and Outcomes of Bacterial Ventilator-Associated Lower Respiratory Tract Infections: A Retrospective Multicenter Study. Crit Care Med. 2025 May 1;53(5):e1080-e1094. doi: 10.1097/CCM.0000000000006615. Epub 2025 Feb 21.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 34983611Rouze A, Lemaitre E, Martin-Loeches I, Povoa P, Diaz E, Nyga R, Torres A, Metzelard M, Du Cheyron D, Lambiotte F, Tamion F, Labruyere M, Boulle Geronimi C, Luyt CE, Nyunga M, Pouly O, Thille AW, Megarbane B, Saade A, Magira E, Llitjos JF, Ioannidou I, Pierre A, Reignier J, Garot D, Kreitmann L, Baudel JL, Voiriot G, Plantefeve G, Morawiec E, Asfar P, Boyer A, Mekontso-Dessap A, Makris D, Vinsonneau C, Floch PE, Marois C, Ceccato A, Artigas A, Gaudet A, Nora D, Cornu M, Duhamel A, Labreuche J, Nseir S; coVAPid study group. Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis among intubated patients with SARS-CoV-2 or influenza pneumonia: a European multicenter comparative cohort study. Crit Care. 2022 Jan 4;26(1):11. doi: 10.1186/s13054-021-03874-1.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 34038699Rouze A, Martin-Loeches I, Povoa P, Metzelard M, Du Cheyron D, Lambiotte F, Tamion F, Labruyere M, Boulle Geronimi C, Nieszkowska A, Nyunga M, Pouly O, Thille AW, Megarbane B, Saade A, Diaz E, Magira E, Llitjos JF, Cilloniz C, Ioannidou I, Pierre A, Reignier J, Garot D, Kreitmann L, Baudel JL, Fartoukh M, Plantefeve G, Beurton A, Asfar P, Boyer A, Mekontso-Dessap A, Makris D, Vinsonneau C, Floch PE, Weiss N, Ceccato A, Artigas A, Bouchereau M, Duhamel A, Labreuche J, Nseir S; coVAPid Study Group. Early Bacterial Identification among Intubated Patients with COVID-19 or Influenza Pneumonia: A European Multicenter Comparative Clinical Trial. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2021 Sep 1;204(5):546-556. doi: 10.1164/rccm.202101-0030OC.
- Derived from this study: PubMed 34034777Nseir S, Martin-Loeches I, Povoa P, Metzelard M, Du Cheyron D, Lambiotte F, Tamion F, Labruyere M, Makris D, Boulle Geronimi C, Pinetonde Chambrun M, Nyunga M, Pouly O, Megarbane B, Saade A, Goma G, Magira E, Llitjos JF, Torres A, Ioannidou I, Pierre A, Coelho L, Reignier J, Garot D, Kreitmann L, Baudel JL, Voiriot G, Contou D, Beurton A, Asfar P, Boyer A, Thille AW, Mekontso-Dessap A, Tsolaki V, Vinsonneau C, Floch PE, Le Guennec L, Ceccato A, Artigas A, Bouchereau M, Labreuche J, Duhamel A, Rouze A; coVAPid study group. Relationship between ventilator-associated pneumonia and mortality in COVID-19 patients: a planned ancillary analysis of the coVAPid cohort. Crit Care. 2021 May 25;25(1):177. doi: 10.1186/s13054-021-03588-4.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Saad Nseir, MD,PhD principal investigator
University Hospital, Lille
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
An observational study of SARS-CoV 2, run by University Hospital, Lille at 1 site in France.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 5 inclusion and 2 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 22 Apr 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in France. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Cumulative incidence of ventilator-associated lower respiratory tract infection (time frame: from day 3 of mechanical ventilation to extubation or day 28 post-intubation.). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT04359693, which also lists 4 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 22 Apr 2026.