AphasiaNCT04375722
Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation (tACS) in Aphasia
A study testing tACS in people with Aphasia and Stroke, run by Medical College of Wisconsin at 1 site in United States.
Trial summary
This study will assess the effects of transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) on language recovery after stroke as well as healthy language functions. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 85 yearsHealthy volunteers can take part
- What is being tested?
- tACS
- Type of treatment
- Medical device
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 50 participants
- Where
- 1 siteUnited States
- Study dates
- 4 Jan 2020to Dec 2030
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- Not yet: the study is under way
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 85 years
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Healthy Controls
- 18 years of age or older
- Fluent in English
- No history of neurological or psychiatric disorders
- Stroke Patients
- Diagnosed with post-stroke aphasia by referring physician/neuropsychologist
Show all 10Show fewer
- Consent date >=1 months after stroke onset
- Right-handed
- Fluent in English
- 18 years of age or older
Who cannot join
- Severe cognitive, auditory or visual impairments that would preclude cognitive and language testing
- Presence of major untreated or unstable psychiatric disease
- A chronic medical condition that is not treated or is unstable
- The presence of cardiac stimulators or pacemakers
- Any metal implants in the skull
- Contraindications to MRI or tACS
- History of seizures
- History of dyslexia or other developmental learning disabilities
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country. Contact the study team or a site near you to ask about taking part.
United States1 site, 1 recruiting
- Recruiting
Medical College of Wisconsin
Milwaukee, Wisconsin, 53226
Sidney Schoenrock, MA, 414-955-7579, sschoenrock@mcw.edu
About this study
Official title: Exogenous Tuning of Neural Oscillations as a Mode of Treatment in Post-stroke Aphasia
This study will assess the effects of transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) on language recovery after stroke as well as healthy language functions.
Read the detailed description
Aphasia is a debilitating disorder, typically resulting from damage to the left hemisphere, that can impair a range of communication abilities, including language production and comprehension, reading, and writing. Approximately 180,000 new cases of aphasia are identified per year, and approximately 1 million or 1 in 250 are living with aphasia in the United States (NIH-NIDCD, 2015). Treatments are limited and provide modest benefits at best. The current emphasis in aphasia rehabilitation is to formulate intensive speech and language therapies and augment therapeutic benefits by providing brain stimulation concurrent with therapies.
The current study will investigate the efficacy of high-definition tACS (HD-tACS) to help restore neural oscillatory activity in aphasia. TACS differs from widely used transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) in that sinusoidal, alternating currents are delivered rather than constant currents. TACS can manipulate the ongoing oscillatory neuronal activity and potentially increase functional synchronization (or connectivity) between targeted areas. This feature of tACS is quite attractive, given the new body of evidence suggesting that language impairments stem from diminished functional connectivity and disruptions in the language network due to stroke. The selection of tACS frequencies in this study is guided by our preliminary work examining pathological neural oscillations found near stroke-lesioned areas (or perilesional) in aphasia and by the involvement of specific frequencies during a verbal short-term memory task. By exogenously tuning the neural oscillations with tACS, the investigators hope to up-regulate communication across regions within the language network and other connected areas to improve outcomes. If successful, tACS will be a powerful and novel treatment approach with reverberating positive impact on long-term recovery.
The study will employ HD-tACS in a within-subject and sham-controlled design, using frequencies ranging from theta to low-gamma (4-40 Hz) combined with language tasks. Magnetoencephalography (MEG) or electroencephalography (EEG) will be used to determine tACS frequencies and to evaluate behavioral and neurophysiological changes in response to tACS. Investigators plan to recruit 200 participants: 100 stroke survivors with aphasia and 100 healthy controls.
Participants will complete language testing that covers a broad range of language functions, medical history, and MRI. Eligible participants will undergo active tACS or sham-tACS over 3-4 sessions. The tACS administrator and participants will be blinded to the stimulation type. The order of stimulation type will be counterbalanced across participants. Washout period between visits will be at least 48 hours to minimize potential carryover effects. MEG will be collected prior to tACS sessions during a language task to determine tACS frequency. EEG may be acquired before and after tACS during periods of rest (resting-state) and during language tasks. Participants will complete a questionnaire at the end of stimulation visits to assess potential side effects of tACS. Total time enrolled in the study is expected to be 2-3 weeks, which may be longer depending on participant's availability.
- Being tested
- tACS
- Keywords
- language, language impairment, transcranial alternating current stimulation, tACS
- Medical subject headings
- Aphasia, Stroke, Language, Language Disorders
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
tACSDevice
Active or Sham tACS will be applied.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| tACS low frequency | Experimental | All participants in a within-subject design will receive high-Definition-tACS, delivered via a battery operated alternating current stimulator (Soterix) using two 3x1 center-surround montages. Targets of stimulation will be localized based on the 10-10 International EEG system or fMRI-guided targets with center electrodes placed at a frontal/anterior and a temporoparietal/posterior site. The current is turned on and increased in a ramplike fashion over approximately 30 seconds. Participants will undergo tACS with frequencies ranging from 4-40Hz for 20-minutes with 2 milliampere (mA) peak-to-peak intensity. For sham stimulation, tACS is turned off after the first 30 seconds. Receives: Device: tACS |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
tACS changes in language performance verbal STM tasks
Improvement on verbal STM performance as determined by increases in span, accuracy or decreases in reaction time is expected with active tACS.
Measured: Changes monitored over pre, during and immediately after 20 minutes of tACS
tACS-dependent neurophysiological changes
Concomitant frequency-specific EEG changes in spectral power and phase synchronization are expected.
Measured: Changes monitored over pre and immediately after 20 minutes of tACS
Secondary outcomes (1)
Individual differences in tACS responsiveness
tACS responsiveness depending on language impairment types, stroke lesion and language lateralization characteristics will be explored.
Measured: Based on immediate changes monitored after 20 minutes of tACS
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted5 May 2020
- Study start4 Jan 2020
- Primary completionJan 2030 (estimated)
- Study completionDec 2030 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (16)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for AphasiaStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Not applicable
- Intervention model
- Single group
- Model description
- In the within-subject design healthy participants and stroke survivors will receive tACS stimulation with active and/or sham settings in a randomized order with \>48 hours washout period in between stimulation sessions.
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 50 participants (estimated)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Medical College of Wisconsin
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Priyanka Shah-Basak, PhD, Medical College of Wisconsin
- Investigators
- Priyanka Shah-Basak, PhD, Principal investigator, Medical College of Wisconsin
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT04375722
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 36878
- Status last verified
- Jul 2026
- First submitted
- 1 May 2020
- Last updated
- 29 Jul 2026
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- Yes
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
Antal A, Alekseichuk I, Bikson M, Brockmoller J, Brunoni AR, Chen R, Cohen LG, Dowthwaite G, Ellrich J, Floel A, Fregni F, George MS, Hamilton R, Haueisen J, Herrmann CS, Hummel FC, Lefaucheur JP, Liebetanz D, Loo CK, McCaig CD, Miniussi C, Miranda PC, Moliadze V, Nitsche MA, Nowak R, Padberg F, Pascual-Leone A, Poppendieck W, Priori A, Rossi S, Rossini PM, Rothwell J, Rueger MA, Ruffini G, Schellhorn K, Siebner HR, Ugawa Y, Wexler A, Ziemann U, Hallett M, Paulus W. Low intensity transcranial electric stimulation: Safety, ethical, legal regulatory and application guidelines. Clin Neurophysiol. 2017 Sep;128(9):1774-1809. doi: 10.1016/j.clinph.2017.06.001. Epub 2017 Jun 19.
PubMed 28709880Bucur M, Papagno C. Are transcranial brain stimulation effects long-lasting in post-stroke aphasia? A comparative systematic review and meta-analysis on naming performance. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2019 Jul;102:264-289. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.04.019. Epub 2019 May 8.
PubMed 31077693Buzsaki, G. (2006). Rhythms of the brain. New York: Oxford.
Chu RK, Braun AR, Meltzer JA. MEG-based detection and localization of perilesional dysfunction in chronic stroke. Neuroimage Clin. 2015 Apr 8;8:157-69. doi: 10.1016/j.nicl.2015.03.019. eCollection 2015.
PubMed 26106540Dubovik S, Ptak R, Aboulafia T, Magnin C, Gillabert N, Allet L, Pignat JM, Schnider A, Guggisberg AG. EEG alpha band synchrony predicts cognitive and motor performance in patients with ischemic stroke. Behav Neurol. 2013;26(3):187-9. doi: 10.3233/BEN-2012-129007.
PubMed 22713421Finnigan S, van Putten MJ. EEG in ischaemic stroke: quantitative EEG can uniquely inform (sub-)acute prognoses and clinical management. Clin Neurophysiol. 2013 Jan;124(1):10-9. doi: 10.1016/j.clinph.2012.07.003. Epub 2012 Aug 2.
PubMed 22858178Finnigan SP, Walsh M, Rose SE, Chalk JB. Quantitative EEG indices of sub-acute ischaemic stroke correlate with clinical outcomes. Clin Neurophysiol. 2007 Nov;118(11):2525-32. doi: 10.1016/j.clinph.2007.07.021. Epub 2007 Sep 21.
PubMed 17889600Fridriksson J, Rorden C, Elm J, Sen S, George MS, Bonilha L. Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation vs Sham Stimulation to Treat Aphasia After Stroke: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Neurol. 2018 Dec 1;75(12):1470-1476. doi: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2018.2287.
PubMed 30128538Fries P. Rhythms for Cognition: Communication through Coherence. Neuron. 2015 Oct 7;88(1):220-35. doi: 10.1016/j.neuron.2015.09.034.
PubMed 26447583Grefkes C, Fink GR. Reorganization of cerebral networks after stroke: new insights from neuroimaging with connectivity approaches. Brain. 2011 May;134(Pt 5):1264-76. doi: 10.1093/brain/awr033. Epub 2011 Mar 16.
PubMed 21414995Helfrich RF, Schneider TR, Rach S, Trautmann-Lengsfeld SA, Engel AK, Herrmann CS. Entrainment of brain oscillations by transcranial alternating current stimulation. Curr Biol. 2014 Feb 3;24(3):333-9. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2013.12.041. Epub 2014 Jan 23.
PubMed 24461998Herrmann CS, Rach S, Neuling T, Struber D. Transcranial alternating current stimulation: a review of the underlying mechanisms and modulation of cognitive processes. Front Hum Neurosci. 2013 Jun 14;7:279. doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2013.00279. eCollection 2013.
PubMed 23785325Kielar A, Deschamps T, Chu RK, Jokel R, Khatamian YB, Chen JJ, Meltzer JA. Identifying Dysfunctional Cortex: Dissociable Effects of Stroke and Aging on Resting State Dynamics in MEG and fMRI. Front Aging Neurosci. 2016 Mar 3;8:40. doi: 10.3389/fnagi.2016.00040. eCollection 2016.
PubMed 26973515Shah-Basak PP, Wurzman R, Purcell JB, Gervits F, Hamilton R. Fields or flows? A comparative metaanalysis of transcranial magnetic and direct current stimulation to treat post-stroke aphasia. Restor Neurol Neurosci. 2016 May 2;34(4):537-58. doi: 10.3233/RNN-150616.
PubMed 27163249Shah-Basak PP, Kielar A, Deschamps T, Verhoeff NP, Jokel R, Meltzer J. Spontaneous oscillatory markers of cognitive status in two forms of dementia. Hum Brain Mapp. 2019 Apr 1;40(5):1594-1607. doi: 10.1002/hbm.24470. Epub 2018 Nov 12.
PubMed 30421472
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 29 Jul 2026. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Exogenous Tuning of Neural Oscillations as a Mode of Treatment in Post-stroke Aphasia
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT04375722
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- 36878
- Keywords
- language, language impairment, transcranial alternating current stimulation, tACS
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Recruiting
- Enrolment
- 50 participants (estimated)
- Lead sponsor
- Medical College of WisconsinUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 4 Jan 2020 (actual)
- Primary completion
- Jan 2030 (estimated)
- Study completion
- Dec 2030 (estimated)
- First posted
- 5 May 2020 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
This study will assess the effects of transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) on language recovery after stroke as well as healthy language functions.
Detailed description
Aphasia is a debilitating disorder, typically resulting from damage to the left hemisphere, that can impair a range of communication abilities, including language production and comprehension, reading, and writing. Approximately 180,000 new cases of aphasia are identified per year, and approximately 1 million or 1 in 250 are living with aphasia in the United States (NIH-NIDCD, 2015). Treatments are limited and provide modest benefits at best. The current emphasis in aphasia rehabilitation is to formulate intensive speech and language therapies and augment therapeutic benefits by providing brain stimulation concurrent with therapies.
The current study will investigate the efficacy of high-definition tACS (HD-tACS) to help restore neural oscillatory activity in aphasia. TACS differs from widely used transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) in that sinusoidal, alternating currents are delivered rather than constant currents. TACS can manipulate the ongoing oscillatory neuronal activity and potentially increase functional synchronization (or connectivity) between targeted areas. This feature of tACS is quite attractive, given the new body of evidence suggesting that language impairments stem from diminished functional connectivity and disruptions in the language network due to stroke. The selection of tACS frequencies in this study is guided by our preliminary work examining pathological neural oscillations found near stroke-lesioned areas (or perilesional) in aphasia and by the involvement of specific frequencies during a verbal short-term memory task. By exogenously tuning the neural oscillations with tACS, the investigators hope to up-regulate communication across regions within the language network and other connected areas to improve outcomes. If successful, tACS will be a powerful and novel treatment approach with reverberating positive impact on long-term recovery.
The study will employ HD-tACS in a within-subject and sham-controlled design, using frequencies ranging from theta to low-gamma (4-40 Hz) combined with language tasks. Magnetoencephalography (MEG) or electroencephalography (EEG) will be used to determine tACS frequencies and to evaluate behavioral and neurophysiological changes in response to tACS. Investigators plan to recruit 200 participants: 100 stroke survivors with aphasia and 100 healthy controls.
Participants will complete language testing that covers a broad range of language functions, medical history, and MRI. Eligible participants will undergo active tACS or sham-tACS over 3-4 sessions. The tACS administrator and participants will be blinded to the stimulation type. The order of stimulation type will be counterbalanced across participants. Washout period between visits will be at least 48 hours to minimize potential carryover effects. MEG will be collected prior to tACS sessions during a language task to determine tACS frequency. EEG may be acquired before and after tACS during periods of rest (resting-state) and during language tasks. Participants will complete a questionnaire at the end of stimulation visits to assess potential side effects of tACS. Total time enrolled in the study is expected to be 2-3 weeks, which may be longer depending on participant's availability.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Not applicable
- Intervention model
- Single group
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 1
- Model description
- In the within-subject design healthy participants and stroke survivors will receive tACS stimulation with active and/or sham settings in a randomized order with >48 hours washout period in between stimulation sessions.
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| tACS low frequency | Experimental | Device: tACSAll participants in a within-subject design will receive high-Definition-tACS, delivered via a battery operated alternating current stimulator (Soterix) using two 3x1 center-surround montages. Targets of stimulation will be localized based on the 10-10 International EEG system or fMRI-guided targets with center electrodes placed at a frontal/anterior and a temporoparietal/posterior site. The current is turned on and increased in a ramplike fashion over approximately 30 seconds. Participants will undergo tACS with frequencies ranging from 4-40Hz for 20-minutes with 2 milliampere (mA) peak-to-peak intensity. For sham stimulation, tACS is turned off after the first 30 seconds. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 85 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (10 listed)
- Healthy Controls
- 18 years of age or older
- Fluent in English
- No history of neurological or psychiatric disorders
- Stroke Patients
Key exclusion criteria (8 listed)
- Severe cognitive, auditory or visual impairments that would preclude cognitive and language testing
- Presence of major untreated or unstable psychiatric disease
- A chronic medical condition that is not treated or is unstable
- The presence of cardiac stimulators or pacemakers
- Any metal implants in the skull
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| tACSActive or Sham tACS will be applied. | Device | tACS low frequency |
Primary outcome
tACS changes in language performance verbal STM tasks
Time frame: Changes monitored over pre, during and immediately after 20 minutes of tACS
Improvement on verbal STM performance as determined by increases in span, accuracy or decreases in reaction time is expected with active tACS.
tACS-dependent neurophysiological changes
Time frame: Changes monitored over pre and immediately after 20 minutes of tACS
Concomitant frequency-specific EEG changes in spectral power and phase synchronization are expected.
1 secondary outcome
Individual differences in tACS responsiveness
Time frame: Based on immediate changes monitored after 20 minutes of tACS
Results and safety
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 29 Jul 2026.
- Background: PubMed 28709880Antal A, Alekseichuk I, Bikson M, Brockmoller J, Brunoni AR, Chen R, Cohen LG, Dowthwaite G, Ellrich J, Floel A, Fregni F, George MS, Hamilton R, Haueisen J, Herrmann CS, Hummel FC, Lefaucheur JP, Liebetanz D, Loo CK, McCaig CD, Miniussi C, Miranda PC, Moliadze V, Nitsche MA, Nowak R, Padberg F, Pascual-Leone A, Poppendieck W, Priori A, Rossi S, Rossini PM, Rothwell J, Rueger MA, Ruffini G, Schellhorn K, Siebner HR, Ugawa Y, Wexler A, Ziemann U, Hallett M, Paulus W. Low intensity transcranial electric stimulation: Safety, ethical, legal regulatory and application guidelines. Clin Neurophysiol. 2017 Sep;128(9):1774-1809. doi: 10.1016/j.clinph.2017.06.001. Epub 2017 Jun 19.
- Background: PubMed 31077693Bucur M, Papagno C. Are transcranial brain stimulation effects long-lasting in post-stroke aphasia? A comparative systematic review and meta-analysis on naming performance. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2019 Jul;102:264-289. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.04.019. Epub 2019 May 8.
- BackgroundBuzsaki, G. (2006). Rhythms of the brain. New York: Oxford.
- Background: PubMed 26106540Chu RK, Braun AR, Meltzer JA. MEG-based detection and localization of perilesional dysfunction in chronic stroke. Neuroimage Clin. 2015 Apr 8;8:157-69. doi: 10.1016/j.nicl.2015.03.019. eCollection 2015.
- Background: PubMed 22713421Dubovik S, Ptak R, Aboulafia T, Magnin C, Gillabert N, Allet L, Pignat JM, Schnider A, Guggisberg AG. EEG alpha band synchrony predicts cognitive and motor performance in patients with ischemic stroke. Behav Neurol. 2013;26(3):187-9. doi: 10.3233/BEN-2012-129007.
- Background: PubMed 22858178Finnigan S, van Putten MJ. EEG in ischaemic stroke: quantitative EEG can uniquely inform (sub-)acute prognoses and clinical management. Clin Neurophysiol. 2013 Jan;124(1):10-9. doi: 10.1016/j.clinph.2012.07.003. Epub 2012 Aug 2.
- Background: PubMed 17889600Finnigan SP, Walsh M, Rose SE, Chalk JB. Quantitative EEG indices of sub-acute ischaemic stroke correlate with clinical outcomes. Clin Neurophysiol. 2007 Nov;118(11):2525-32. doi: 10.1016/j.clinph.2007.07.021. Epub 2007 Sep 21.
- Background: PubMed 30128538Fridriksson J, Rorden C, Elm J, Sen S, George MS, Bonilha L. Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation vs Sham Stimulation to Treat Aphasia After Stroke: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Neurol. 2018 Dec 1;75(12):1470-1476. doi: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2018.2287.
- Background: PubMed 26447583Fries P. Rhythms for Cognition: Communication through Coherence. Neuron. 2015 Oct 7;88(1):220-35. doi: 10.1016/j.neuron.2015.09.034.
- Background: PubMed 21414995Grefkes C, Fink GR. Reorganization of cerebral networks after stroke: new insights from neuroimaging with connectivity approaches. Brain. 2011 May;134(Pt 5):1264-76. doi: 10.1093/brain/awr033. Epub 2011 Mar 16.
- Background: PubMed 24461998Helfrich RF, Schneider TR, Rach S, Trautmann-Lengsfeld SA, Engel AK, Herrmann CS. Entrainment of brain oscillations by transcranial alternating current stimulation. Curr Biol. 2014 Feb 3;24(3):333-9. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2013.12.041. Epub 2014 Jan 23.
- Background: PubMed 23785325Herrmann CS, Rach S, Neuling T, Struber D. Transcranial alternating current stimulation: a review of the underlying mechanisms and modulation of cognitive processes. Front Hum Neurosci. 2013 Jun 14;7:279. doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2013.00279. eCollection 2013.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part.
Priyanka Shah-Basak, PhD principal investigator
Medical College of Wisconsin
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing tACS in people with Aphasia and Stroke, run by Medical College of Wisconsin at 1 site in United States.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 10 inclusion and 8 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: looking for participants now, as of the sponsor's last update on 29 Jul 2026. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
This study is still under way. Results are not available in the source record yet.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
Contact Sidney Schoenrock, MA (414-955-7579 ext. 4149557579, sschoenrock@mcw.edu), or a site near the patient. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
tACS changes in language performance verbal STM tasks (time frame: Changes monitored over pre, during and immediately after 20 minutes of tACS). The study lists 2 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT04375722, which also lists 16 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 29 Jul 2026.