Work-Related Musculoskeletal DisordersBelaPrimNCT04413760
Physiological and Psychological Strain in Elementary School Teacher
An observational study of Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders and Work-Related Stress Disorders, run by University of Applied Sciences for Health Professions Upper Austria at 1 site in Austria.
Trial summary
Survey will enquire the physical and psychological conditions in primary school teachers in Upper Austria. All primary teachers of the 553 Upper Austrian elementary schools (approximately 5105 persons) will be interviewed between November 2018 and April 2019. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 21 to 65 yearsHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders, Work-Related Stress Disorders
- How many people
- 891 participants
- Where
- 1 siteAustria
- Study dates
- 13 Nov 2018to 1 Apr 2019
- Phase
- Observational
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 21 to 65 years
- All sexes
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult, Older adult
Study population: Primary schoolteachers of all gender, between 21 and 65 year of age, working active at elementary schools in Upper Austria
Who may be able to join
- All primary schoolteachers in active service at elementary schools in Upper Austria will be included
Who cannot join
- on maternity leave
- ill-health retirement
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
Austria1 site
University of Applied Sciences for Health Professions Upper Austria
Linz, Upper Austria, 4020
About this study
Survey will enquire the physical and psychological conditions in primary school teachers in Upper Austria. All primary teachers of the 553 Upper Austrian elementary schools (approximately 5105 persons) will be interviewed between November 2018 and April 2019. The main outcomes will be Musculoskeletal pains in nine body regions, the physical activity and the psychological stress with the "Work-related Behaviour and Experience Patterns" and big five personality traits.
Read the detailed description
Background: Musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) are the leading cause of pain and loss of function, and are complex complaints of high prevalence, resulting in high costs and the psychosocial disadvantages of these patients. The prevalence of work-related physical stress in primary school teachers worldwide depending on the region ranges from 32% to 67%. Schoolteachers also represent an occupation group among which there appears to be a high prevalence of MSD. Many studies have shown that musculoskeletal pain (MSP) impairs quality of life (QoL) to a varying extent. For working populations, musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are considered as being responsible for a substantial impact on QoL and incurring a major economic burden in compensation costs and lost wages. Since being a reason for seeking healthcare, MSDs decrease productivity at work, cause absence due to sickness and even to early retirement.
Musculoskeletal pains top the list of the most common work-related ailments in Austria. In 2018, they were the third-leading cause for taking sick leave. MSD is one of the leading causes of ill-health retirement among schoolteachers. Gender, age, length of employment and awkward posture are found to be associated with higher MSD prevalence rates among teachers. Primary School teachers spend 25% of time in squatting, kneeling, or sitting position on the floor. An additional 26% of their time was spent sitting on small, child-sized furniture. 18% of teachers' activities were involved in flexing at the trunk greater than 20°. Classroom is configured for primary school pupils. The intensity and frequency correlated with ergonomic factors in the work environment.
Beside physical pressures in teachers work, the occupational engagement and individual coping capacity are very important. Schaarschmidt and Kieschke found four types of work-related coping behaviours. These types include psychological aspects of the health. Particular attention is paid to the question of personality factors that facilitate a health-promoting approach to the demands of the profession. The picture for teachers is quite problematic. The teaching profession appears to be associated with higher health risks than other fields of employment. Furthermore, striking gender differences were observed. Female teachers apparently suffer from greater stress than their male colleagues. On the other hand, there are hardly any school-specific or regional differences. Personality traits that prove beneficial for the teaching profession are, in particular, conscientiousness, extraversion and psychological stability. Increased neuroticism is a risk factor for experiencing professional stress and burnout. A low level of neuroticism is a favorable personal disposition in the teaching profession, since everyday teaching is characterized by diverse and permanent social interactions. Therefore, teachers should be expressive, enjoy communicating, be confident, and assertive in socio-communicative situations. In addition, appreciative behavior, friendliness and empathy, team and problem-solving skills are advantageous for teachers.
Schaarschmidt was able to show by coping patterns that in the context of school in Germany and Austria there is a critical distribution of these coping patterns regardless of the type of school. In all school types, at least 50% of the teachers are in the risk patterns (overload, burn-out) and just under 20% are in the healthy pattern, in which there is sufficient positive experience of work, commitment and resilience to the challenges of the profession. This picture becomes even more problematic when one compares the pattern distribution between female and male teachers. A shift to the disadvantage of female teachers is evident in all school types.
Both, musculoskeletal pains and psychological stress, has a great influence on the health and quality of life of primary school teachers.
Aim: The primary aim of this observational study is to enquire the physical and psychological conditions in primary school teachers in Upper Austria. The second goal is to evaluate the influence of physical activity and personal factors on physical and mental health. The personal feedback will evaluate qualitatively in the sense of a holistic view. The authors hope that the results will provide new insights into the factors influencing the works of primary school teachers.
Methods: The survey will conduct by an online questionnaire using the "Questback Enterprise Feedback Suite" tool. The questionnaire included four sections. After the introduction page, followed the physical stress examination with the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ). The second part will survey the psychological stress with the 11 item short test with the "Work-related Behaviour and Experience Patterns" (AVEM) and Big5 personality questionnaire (TIPI G). At third sections, the physical activity level will enquiry with the Short-Version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). The demographic characteristics (gender and age) and the risk factors (smoker/non-smoker, teaching profile, Job category and anthropometric parameter) will collect finally.
- Keywords
- Musculoskeletal Pain, Psychological Stress, Primary School teachers
- Medical subject headings
- Musculoskeletal Pain, Stress, Psychological
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Level of physical activity
The physical activity (PA) of the participants was assessed through the German version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire -Short Form (IPAQ-SF), which includes 6 questions searching the frequency (days per week) and duration (hours) of walking, as well as the intensity of physical activity in the last seven days. The IPAQ calculates the metabolic equivalent (MET) score by asking participants the days and minutes exercised in three categories of intensity (vigorous, moderate, and walking) during the previous one week. The following formula is used to calculate the MET: MET = 8 (vigorous activity)*(minutes) + 4 (moderate activity)*(minutes) +3.3 (walking activity)*(minutes).
Measured: at one point (baseline)
Measure stress-related work behaviour
Work-related Behaviour and Experience Patterns ("Arbeitsbezogenes Verhaltens- und Erlebensmuster" - AVEM) short test using a five-point answer scale to measure the three Dimensions Engagement, Resilience and Emotions. The 5-point Likert scales ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree). The points if the three Dimensions are assigned to the 2 patterns G ("Health") and S ("Unambitious") or the risk pattern A ("Overexertion") and B ("Burnout"). The higher percentage distribution on the patterns G and S is better, more points for the risk patterns A and B shows a poorer mental health.
Measured: at one point (baseline)
Prevalence of pain in nine region of the body with the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ)
The Questionnaire evaluating the prevalence of pain (dichotomous scale, "yes" or "no") in the neck, shoulders, upper back, elbows, lower back, wrists/hands, hips/thighs, knees and ankles/feet at the last week and at the last 12 months. The prevalence can reach from 0% (no participant answered "yes") to 100% (all participants answered "yes").
Measured: at one point (baseline)
Intensity of pain in nine region of the body with the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS)
Subjects will report their pain intensity in the neck, shoulders, upper back, elbows, lower back, wrists/hands, hips/thighs, knees and ankles/feet at the last week and at the last 12 months by means of VAS. The VAS used for this study ranges from 0 (no pain) to 10 (heavy pain) points.
Measured: at one point (baseline)
Secondary outcomes (1)
Big Five personality traits
The openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness and neuroticism will survey at the Trier Integrated Personality Inventory (TIPI). A ten-item measure of the Big Five personality dimensions - 2 items for each of the 5 dimensions. Each item is rated on a 7-point scale that ranges from 1 (disagree strongly) to 7 (agree strongly). The result shows the personal distribution of the personal Big 5 personality traits.
Measured: at one point (baseline)
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted4 Jun 2020
- Study start13 Nov 2018
- Primary completion1 Feb 2019
- Study completion1 Apr 2019
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (26)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Work-Related Musculoskeletal DisordersStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Observational
- Observational model
- Cohort
- Time perspective
- Cross-sectional
- Enrolment
- 891 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- University of Applied Sciences for Health Professions Upper Austria
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Private University of Education Diocese of Linz, eduResearch - Upper Austrian Centre for Education Research
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Peter Hoppe, MHPE, Principal investigator, University of Applied Sciences for Health Professions Upper Austria
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT04413760
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- A-2018-013
- Acronym
- BelaPrim
- Status last verified
- Jun 2020
- First submitted
- 28 May 2020
- Last updated
- 9 Jun 2020
- Results posted
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
Publications
Olaya-Contreras P, Styf J. Biopsychosocial function analyses changes the assessment of the ability to work in patients on long-term sick-leave due to chronic musculoskeletal pain: the role of undiagnosed mental health comorbidity. Scand J Public Health. 2013 May;41(3):247-55. doi: 10.1177/1403494812473380. Epub 2013 Jan 29.
PubMed 23361388Tuzun EH. Quality of life in chronic musculoskeletal pain. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol. 2007 Jun;21(3):567-79. doi: 10.1016/j.berh.2007.03.001.
PubMed 17603000Brown J, Gilmour WH, Macdonald EB. Ill health retirement in Scottish teachers: process, outcomes and re-employment. Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 2006 May;79(5):433-40. doi: 10.1007/s00420-005-0060-9. Epub 2005 Nov 25.
PubMed 16308706Erick PN, Smith DR. A systematic review of musculoskeletal disorders among school teachers. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2011 Nov 17;12:260. doi: 10.1186/1471-2474-12-260.
PubMed 22087739Maguire M, O'Connell T. Ill-health retirement of schoolteachers in the Republic of Ireland. Occup Med (Lond). 2007 May;57(3):191-3. doi: 10.1093/occmed/kqm001. Epub 2007 Feb 22.
PubMed 17317705Yue P, Liu F, Li L. Neck/shoulder pain and low back pain among school teachers in China, prevalence and risk factors. BMC Public Health. 2012 Sep 14;12:789. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-12-789.
PubMed 22978655Grant KA, Habes DJ, Tepper AL. Work activities and musculoskeletal complaints among preschool workers. Appl Ergon. 1995 Dec;26(6):405-10. doi: 10.1016/0003-6870(95)00057-7.
PubMed 15677041Slack-Smith LM, Read AW, Darby J, Stanley FJ. Health of caregivers in child care. Child Care Health Dev. 2006 Jan;32(1):111-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2214.2006.00577.x.
PubMed 16398797Arvidsson I, Gremark Simonsen J, Dahlqvist C, Axmon A, Karlson B, Bjork J, Nordander C. Cross-sectional associations between occupational factors and musculoskeletal pain in women teachers, nurses and sonographers. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2016 Jan 18;17:35. doi: 10.1186/s12891-016-0883-4.
PubMed 26781760Kieschke U, Schaarschmidt U. Professional commitment and health among teachers in Germany: A typological approach. In: Learning and Instruction. 2008; 18 (5): 429-437. DOI: 10.1016/j.learninstruc.2008.06.005.
Samad NIA, Abdullah HSM, Tamrin SBM, Hashim Z. Prevalence of Low Back Pain and its Risk Factors among School Teachers. In: American Journal of Applied Sciences. 2010; 7 (5): 634-639. DOI: 10.3844/ajassp.2010.634.639.
Horng YS, Hsieh SF, Wu HC, Feng CT, Lin MC. Work-related Musculoskeletal Disorders of the Workers in a Child Care Institution. In: Tw J Phys Med Rehabil. 2008; 36 (1): 15-21.
Mayr J. Ein Lehramtsstudium beginnen? Ein Lehramtsstudium beginnen lassen? Laufbahnberatung und Bewerberauswahl konstruktiv gestalten. In: B. Weyand, M. Justus, & M. Schratz (Hg.): Auf unsere Lehrerinnen und Lehrer kommt es an. Geeignete Lehrer/-innen gewinnen, (aus)bilden und fördern. Essen. Stifterverband. 2012; 38-57.
Maslach C, Schaufeli WB, Leiter MP. Job burnout. Annu Rev Psychol. 2001;52:397-422. doi: 10.1146/annurev.psych.52.1.397.
PubMed 11148311Schaarschmidt U. Eignung für den Lehrerberuf frühzeitig erkennen und kontinuierlich fördern. Implikationen aus den Potsdamer Lehrerstudien. In: B. Weyand, M. Justus, & M. Schratz (Hg.): Auf unsere Lehrerinnen und Lehrer kommt es an. Geeignete Lehrer/-innen gewinnen, (aus)bilden und fördern. Essen: Stifterverband. 2012; 58-77.
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 9 Jun 2020. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Physiological and Psychological Strain in Elementary School Teacher
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT04413760
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- BelaPrim / A-2018-013
- Keywords
- Musculoskeletal Pain, Psychological Stress, Primary School teachers
- Study type
- Observational
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 891 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- University of Applied Sciences for Health Professions Upper AustriaUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Private University of Education Diocese of Linz, eduResearch - Upper Austrian Centre for Education Research
- Study start
- 13 Nov 2018 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 1 Feb 2019 (actual)
- Study completion
- 1 Apr 2019 (actual)
- First posted
- 4 Jun 2020 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Survey will enquire the physical and psychological conditions in primary school teachers in Upper Austria. All primary teachers of the 553 Upper Austrian elementary schools (approximately 5105 persons) will be interviewed between November 2018 and April 2019. The main outcomes will be Musculoskeletal pains in nine body regions, the physical activity and the psychological stress with the "Work-related Behaviour and Experience Patterns" and big five personality traits.
Detailed description
Background: Musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) are the leading cause of pain and loss of function, and are complex complaints of high prevalence, resulting in high costs and the psychosocial disadvantages of these patients. The prevalence of work-related physical stress in primary school teachers worldwide depending on the region ranges from 32% to 67%. Schoolteachers also represent an occupation group among which there appears to be a high prevalence of MSD. Many studies have shown that musculoskeletal pain (MSP) impairs quality of life (QoL) to a varying extent. For working populations, musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are considered as being responsible for a substantial impact on QoL and incurring a major economic burden in compensation costs and lost wages. Since being a reason for seeking healthcare, MSDs decrease productivity at work, cause absence due to sickness and even to early retirement.
Musculoskeletal pains top the list of the most common work-related ailments in Austria. In 2018, they were the third-leading cause for taking sick leave. MSD is one of the leading causes of ill-health retirement among schoolteachers. Gender, age, length of employment and awkward posture are found to be associated with higher MSD prevalence rates among teachers. Primary School teachers spend 25% of time in squatting, kneeling, or sitting position on the floor. An additional 26% of their time was spent sitting on small, child-sized furniture. 18% of teachers' activities were involved in flexing at the trunk greater than 20°. Classroom is configured for primary school pupils. The intensity and frequency correlated with ergonomic factors in the work environment.
Beside physical pressures in teachers work, the occupational engagement and individual coping capacity are very important. Schaarschmidt and Kieschke found four types of work-related coping behaviours. These types include psychological aspects of the health. Particular attention is paid to the question of personality factors that facilitate a health-promoting approach to the demands of the profession. The picture for teachers is quite problematic. The teaching profession appears to be associated with higher health risks than other fields of employment. Furthermore, striking gender differences were observed. Female teachers apparently suffer from greater stress than their male colleagues. On the other hand, there are hardly any school-specific or regional differences. Personality traits that prove beneficial for the teaching profession are, in particular, conscientiousness, extraversion and psychological stability. Increased neuroticism is a risk factor for experiencing professional stress and burnout. A low level of neuroticism is a favorable personal disposition in the teaching profession, since everyday teaching is characterized by diverse and permanent social interactions. Therefore, teachers should be expressive, enjoy communicating, be confident, and assertive in socio-communicative situations. In addition, appreciative behavior, friendliness and empathy, team and problem-solving skills are advantageous for teachers.
Schaarschmidt was able to show by coping patterns that in the context of school in Germany and Austria there is a critical distribution of these coping patterns regardless of the type of school. In all school types, at least 50% of the teachers are in the risk patterns (overload, burn-out) and just under 20% are in the healthy pattern, in which there is sufficient positive experience of work, commitment and resilience to the challenges of the profession. This picture becomes even more problematic when one compares the pattern distribution between female and male teachers. A shift to the disadvantage of female teachers is evident in all school types.
Both, musculoskeletal pains and psychological stress, has a great influence on the health and quality of life of primary school teachers.
Aim: The primary aim of this observational study is to enquire the physical and psychological conditions in primary school teachers in Upper Austria. The second goal is to evaluate the influence of physical activity and personal factors on physical and mental health. The personal feedback will evaluate qualitatively in the sense of a holistic view. The authors hope that the results will provide new insights into the factors influencing the works of primary school teachers.
Methods: The survey will conduct by an online questionnaire using the "Questback Enterprise Feedback Suite" tool. The questionnaire included four sections. After the introduction page, followed the physical stress examination with the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ). The second part will survey the psychological stress with the 11 item short test with the "Work-related Behaviour and Experience Patterns" (AVEM) and Big5 personality questionnaire (TIPI G). At third sections, the physical activity level will enquiry with the Short-Version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). The demographic characteristics (gender and age) and the risk factors (smoker/non-smoker, teaching profile, Job category and anthropometric parameter) will collect finally.
Study design
- Observational model
- Cohort
- Time perspective
- Cross-sectional
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 21 to 65 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
- Study population
- Primary schoolteachers of all gender, between 21 and 65 year of age, working active at elementary schools in Upper Austria
Key inclusion criteria (1 listed)
- All primary schoolteachers in active service at elementary schools in Upper Austria will be included
Key exclusion criteria (2 listed)
- on maternity leave
- ill-health retirement
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Primary outcome
Level of physical activity
Time frame: at one point (baseline)
The physical activity (PA) of the participants was assessed through the German version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire -Short Form (IPAQ-SF), which includes 6 questions searching the frequency (days per week) and duration (hours) of walking, as well as the intensity of physical activity in the last seven days. The IPAQ calculates the metabolic equivalent (MET) score by asking participants the days and minutes exercised in three categories of intensity (vigorous, moderate, and walking) during the previous one week. The following formula is used to calculate the MET: MET = 8 (vigorous activity)*(minutes) + 4 (moderate activity)*(minutes) +3.3 (walking activity)*(minutes).
Measure stress-related work behaviour
Time frame: at one point (baseline)
Work-related Behaviour and Experience Patterns ("Arbeitsbezogenes Verhaltens- und Erlebensmuster" - AVEM) short test using a five-point answer scale to measure the three Dimensions Engagement, Resilience and Emotions. The 5-point Likert scales ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree). The points if the three Dimensions are assigned to the 2 patterns G ("Health") and S ("Unambitious") or the risk pattern A ("Overexertion") and B ("Burnout"). The higher percentage distribution on the patterns G and S is better, more points for the risk patterns A and B shows a poorer mental health.
Prevalence of pain in nine region of the body with the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ)
Time frame: at one point (baseline)
The Questionnaire evaluating the prevalence of pain (dichotomous scale, "yes" or "no") in the neck, shoulders, upper back, elbows, lower back, wrists/hands, hips/thighs, knees and ankles/feet at the last week and at the last 12 months. The prevalence can reach from 0% (no participant answered "yes") to 100% (all participants answered "yes").
Intensity of pain in nine region of the body with the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS)
Time frame: at one point (baseline)
Subjects will report their pain intensity in the neck, shoulders, upper back, elbows, lower back, wrists/hands, hips/thighs, knees and ankles/feet at the last week and at the last 12 months by means of VAS. The VAS used for this study ranges from 0 (no pain) to 10 (heavy pain) points.
1 secondary outcome
Big Five personality traits
Time frame: at one point (baseline)
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 9 Jun 2020.
- Background: PubMed 23361388Olaya-Contreras P, Styf J. Biopsychosocial function analyses changes the assessment of the ability to work in patients on long-term sick-leave due to chronic musculoskeletal pain: the role of undiagnosed mental health comorbidity. Scand J Public Health. 2013 May;41(3):247-55. doi: 10.1177/1403494812473380. Epub 2013 Jan 29.
- Background: PubMed 17603000Tuzun EH. Quality of life in chronic musculoskeletal pain. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol. 2007 Jun;21(3):567-79. doi: 10.1016/j.berh.2007.03.001.
- Background: PubMed 16308706Brown J, Gilmour WH, Macdonald EB. Ill health retirement in Scottish teachers: process, outcomes and re-employment. Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 2006 May;79(5):433-40. doi: 10.1007/s00420-005-0060-9. Epub 2005 Nov 25.
- Background: PubMed 22087739Erick PN, Smith DR. A systematic review of musculoskeletal disorders among school teachers. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2011 Nov 17;12:260. doi: 10.1186/1471-2474-12-260.
- Background: PubMed 17317705Maguire M, O'Connell T. Ill-health retirement of schoolteachers in the Republic of Ireland. Occup Med (Lond). 2007 May;57(3):191-3. doi: 10.1093/occmed/kqm001. Epub 2007 Feb 22.
- Background: PubMed 22978655Yue P, Liu F, Li L. Neck/shoulder pain and low back pain among school teachers in China, prevalence and risk factors. BMC Public Health. 2012 Sep 14;12:789. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-12-789.
- Background: PubMed 15677041Grant KA, Habes DJ, Tepper AL. Work activities and musculoskeletal complaints among preschool workers. Appl Ergon. 1995 Dec;26(6):405-10. doi: 10.1016/0003-6870(95)00057-7.
- Background: PubMed 16398797Slack-Smith LM, Read AW, Darby J, Stanley FJ. Health of caregivers in child care. Child Care Health Dev. 2006 Jan;32(1):111-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2214.2006.00577.x.
- Background: PubMed 26781760Arvidsson I, Gremark Simonsen J, Dahlqvist C, Axmon A, Karlson B, Bjork J, Nordander C. Cross-sectional associations between occupational factors and musculoskeletal pain in women teachers, nurses and sonographers. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2016 Jan 18;17:35. doi: 10.1186/s12891-016-0883-4.
- BackgroundKieschke U, Schaarschmidt U. Professional commitment and health among teachers in Germany: A typological approach. In: Learning and Instruction. 2008; 18 (5): 429-437. DOI: 10.1016/j.learninstruc.2008.06.005.
- BackgroundSamad NIA, Abdullah HSM, Tamrin SBM, Hashim Z. Prevalence of Low Back Pain and its Risk Factors among School Teachers. In: American Journal of Applied Sciences. 2010; 7 (5): 634-639. DOI: 10.3844/ajassp.2010.634.639.
- BackgroundHorng YS, Hsieh SF, Wu HC, Feng CT, Lin MC. Work-related Musculoskeletal Disorders of the Workers in a Child Care Institution. In: Tw J Phys Med Rehabil. 2008; 36 (1): 15-21.
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Peter Hoppe, MHPE principal investigator
University of Applied Sciences for Health Professions Upper Austria
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
An observational study of Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders and Work-Related Stress Disorders, run by University of Applied Sciences for Health Professions Upper Austria at 1 site in Austria.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 1 inclusion and 2 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 9 Jun 2020. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Austria. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Level of physical activity (time frame: at one point (baseline)). The study lists 4 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT04413760, which also lists 26 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 9 Jun 2020.