COVID-19NCT04465604
Hypertonic Saline for COVID-19 Symptoms
A study testing Wearing surgical face mask sprayed with hypertonic saline in people with COVID-19, run by King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center at 1 site in Saudi Arabia.
Trial summary
Rationale: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is spreading rapidly in the world with no proven effective therapy to date. Some patients with COVID-19 develop sever respiratory disease requiring ICU care. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 years and older
- Conditions the study is for
- COVID-19
- What is being tested?
- Wearing surgical face mask sprayed with hypertonic saline
- How many people
- 50 participants
- Where
- 1 siteSaudi Arabia
- Study dates
- 1 Feb 2021to May 2022
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 years and older
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Age 18 years and older
- confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 by PCR and
- Any of the following
- cough
- shortness of breath
- Respiratory rate more than 20 per minute or
- oxygen saturation 90% or less on room air
Who cannot join
- Age younger than 18 years
- Pregnancy
- Participation in other COVID-19 intervention trial
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
Saudi Arabia1 site, 1 recruiting
- Recruiting
King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center
Riyadh
Ali Alshanqeeti, MD, +966114427094, ashanqeeti@kfshrc.edu.sa
About this study
Official title: HYPERTONIC SALINE COATED FACE MASK FOR REDUCING RESPIRATORY SYMPTOM SEVERITY IN PATIENTS WITH COVID-19
Rationale:
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is spreading rapidly in the world with no proven effective therapy to date. Some patients with COVID-19 develop sever respiratory disease requiring ICU care. There is in vitro evidence that hypertonic saline (HTS) may be beneficial in reducing the inflammatory component in similar viral illnesses.
Read more
Objective:
To assess whether wearing a face mask sprayed with HTS (in addition to other COVID-19 treatments) leads to decreasing the severity of the respiratory symptoms resulting from COVID-19.
Study design:
Multi-centre trial
Study population:
Any patient older than 18 years of age with confirmed COVID-19 diagnosis who has any of the following respiratory symptoms or signs:
- cough,
- shortness of breath,
- tachypnea (respiratory rate of 20 breaths / minute or more),
- hypoxemia (O2 saturation 90% or less on room air)
Intervention:
Participants will be asked to wear a face mask for 20-30 minutes every 6 hours for the duration of their respiratory symptoms and/or signs. This inside surface of the face mask will be sprayed with 10-15 ml of HTS and allowed to air dry before the participant is permitted to wear it. A new face mask will be given to the patient every 24 hours. All participants will continue to receive their other COVID-19 treatments as per local hospital guidelines.
Main study parameter:
Improvement of the respiratory symptoms and signs on repeated measurement.
Nature and extent of the burden and risks associated with participation, benefit:
The burden of COVID-19 is very severe world wide. The trial duration is 3 months, with potential extension if deemed needed by interim analysis at the end of 3 months. There are no additional risks for participation in this study as only face masks will be used with no additional medications being given to the participants. In the future, the results of this study could lead to improved care for COVID-19 patients.
Read the detailed description
Since its emergence as severe outbreak in China in December 2019, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread so rapidly in the world that more than 780,000 cases have so far been reported worldwide and since then the WHO has declared it as a pandemic. The rapid spread of the disease is imposing major threats on healthcare systems in many countries in the world The major threat to these healthcare systems so far has been the large number of patients who will need respiratory support (ventilators) because of the severe lung injury associated with COVID-19.This disease shares similar pathogenetic, epidemiological and clinical features to the two previously reported coronavirus epidemics (severe acute respiratory syndrome [SARS] and Middle East respiratory syndrome [MERS]) to COVID-19. However little is currently known about SARS-CoV-2 with no established therapy or vaccine.
Lai et al in their 2005 publication showed that "Even with a relatively high virus load (SARS-CoV) in the droplet, rapid loss of infectivity was observed for paper and cotton material" and that "all disinfectants (used in the study) reduced the virus load (SARS-CoV) by 13 log within 5 min after incubation". In addition, it has been shown that viruses (including corona family of viruses) can be de-activated when they come in contact with surfaces covered with sodium chloride (table salt). This can be explained by "physical destruction of virus during recrystallization of coated salts. When the salt-coated fiber is exposed to virus aerosols, salt crystals below the aerosol droplet dissolve to increase osmotic pressure to virus. Due to evaporation, the salt concentration of the droplet significantly increases and reaches the solubility limit, leading to recrystallization of salt. As a consequence, virus particles are exposed to increasing osmotic pressure during the drying process and are physically damaged by crystallization." In 1961, Spier et al showed that viral replication is inhibited by the presence of chloride / halide salts. In addition, a recent report showed that non-myeloid cells (e.g. epithelial, fibroblast and hepatic cells) have an innate immune mechanism, which is augmented in the presence of salt (NaCl). The same report also showed that, in cell culture models, DNA, RNA, enveloped and non-enveloped viruses are all inhibited in the presence of NaCl. The antiviral effect was dependent on the availability of chloride ions (and not sodium ions). In the presence viral infection and the availability of NaCl, cells utilize the chloride ions to produce hypochlorous acid (HOCl). Since HOCl is the active ingredient in bleach, which is known to have an antiviral effect, the mechanism could be augmented by supplying chloride ions through NaCl to treat viral infections. The Edinburgh and Lothians Viral Intervention Study (ELVIS), a pilot RCT of hypertonic saline nasal irrigation and gargling (HSNIG) versus standard care in adults with URTI showed a reduction in the duration of illness by 1.9 days (p = 0.01), less over-the-counter medications use by 36% (p = 0.004), less disease transmission within household contacts by 35% (p = 0.006) and less viral shedding by ≥0.5 log10/day (p = 0.04).
Hypertonic saline (HTS) has also been shown to have anti-inflammatory effects on lung epithelium. In addition, inhaled HTS has been shown to have beneficial effects when used for patients with lung diseases (e.g. cystic fibrosis).
Therefore, the combination of the antiviral properties on surfaces and the anti-inflammatory effects of HTS renders such widely available, affordable and cheap therapy amenable for exploring as potentially beneficial in reducing the severity of lung injury in patients with symptomatic COVID-19 with very minimal risk to the patients.
This proposal aims at testing the effect of spraying the routinely used face masks (or for that matter any material to cover nose and mouth) with HTS on the severity of respiratory symptoms and signs of patients with confirmed COVID-19. In addition, the rate for ICU utilization will be monitored.
- Conditions
- COVID-19
- Being tested
- Wearing surgical face mask sprayed with hypertonic saline
- Medical subject headings
- COVID-19
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Wearing surgical face mask sprayed with hypertonic salineOther
The inner surface of a standard surgical face mask will sprayed by 10 to 15 ml of HTS (6% w/v Saline solution prepared by adding 6 gram NaCl to 100 ml of water if not commercially available) and allowed to air dry. The participant will wear the face mask for 20-30 minutes every 6 hours until discharge, intubation for mechanical ventilation or death. A new HTS sprayed mask will be worn by the participant every 24 hours. The data items will be collected on daily basis
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Improvement of respiratory symptoms
Cough and / or shortness of breath
Measured: Throughout hospital stay on average 21 days
Improvement of respiratory signs
Respiratory rate and / or need for supplemental oxygen
Measured: Throughout hospital stay on average 21 days
Secondary outcomes (2)
ICU admission
Rate
Measured: Throughout hospital stay on average 21 days
Mechanical ventilation
Rate
Measured: Throughout hospital stay on average 21 days
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted10 Jul 2020
- Study start1 Feb 2021
- Primary completion1 Nov 2021 (estimated)
- Study completionMay 2022 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (18)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for COVID-19Studies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Not applicable
- Intervention model
- Single group
- Model description
- The sample size was based on the following assumptions: Poor response rate to HTS is set at 10% or less; Good response to HTS is set at 30% or more ;One-sided Alph error probability is set to \< 0.05 (i.e. p \< 0.05) and Power to detect rate difference between good response and poor response to HTS is at least 80%. Using the Fleming single-arm group-sequential design (Fleming 1982) Based on these assumptions; a sample size of N=25 patients is expected to achieve a power of 84% of detecting enough activity by HTS (p\<0.05 one-sided) of improving respiratory parameters of COVID19 patients. This will be achieved if the true remission rate difference between a poor and good HTS is 20%. Considering the dropout rate of 25%, a minimum of 50 patients will be enrolled. This will ensure more than 90% power to detect at least 20% positive effect of HTS
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 50 participants (estimated)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Ali Alshanqeeti, MD, Principal investigator, King Faisal Specialsit Hospital and Research Center
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT04465604
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- RAC # 2201072
- Other IDs
- H-01-R-007
- Status last verified
- Mar 2021
- First submitted
- 2 Jul 2020
- Last updated
- 5 Mar 2021
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
Lai MY, Cheng PK, Lim WW. Survival of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus. Clin Infect Dis. 2005 Oct 1;41(7):e67-71. doi: 10.1086/433186. Epub 2005 Aug 22.
PubMed 16142653Quan FS, Rubino I, Lee SH, Koch B, Choi HJ. Universal and reusable virus deactivation system for respiratory protection. Sci Rep. 2017 Jan 4;7:39956. doi: 10.1038/srep39956.
PubMed 28051158Speir, R. W. (1961). Effect of Several Inorganic Salts on Infectivity of Mengo Virus. Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine, 106(2), 402-404. https://doi.org/10.3181/00379727-106-26352
Ramalingam S, Cai B, Wong J, Twomey M, Chen R, Fu RM, Boote T, McCaughan H, Griffiths SJ, Haas JG. Antiviral innate immune response in non-myeloid cells is augmented by chloride ions via an increase in intracellular hypochlorous acid levels. Sci Rep. 2018 Sep 11;8(1):13630. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-31936-y.
PubMed 30206371Ramalingam S, Graham C, Dove J, Morrice L, Sheikh A. A pilot, open labelled, randomised controlled trial of hypertonic saline nasal irrigation and gargling for the common cold. Sci Rep. 2019 Jan 31;9(1):1015. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-37703-3.
PubMed 30705369Wright FL, Gamboni F, Moore EE, Nydam TL, Mitra S, Silliman CC, Banerjee A. Hyperosmolarity invokes distinct anti-inflammatory mechanisms in pulmonary epithelial cells: evidence from signaling and transcription layers. PLoS One. 2014 Dec 5;9(12):e114129. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0114129. eCollection 2014.
PubMed 25479425Nydam TL, Moore EE, McIntyre RC Jr, Wright FL, Gamboni-Robertson F, Eckels PC, Banerjee A. Hypertonic saline attenuates TNF-alpha-induced NF-kappaB activation in pulmonary epithelial cells. Shock. 2009 May;31(5):466-72. doi: 10.1097/SHK.0b013e31818ec47d.
PubMed 18948845Gamboni F, Anderson C, Mitra S, Reisz JA, Nemkov T, Dzieciatkowska M, Jones KL, Hansen KC, D'Alessandro A, Banerjee A. Hypertonic Saline Primes Activation of the p53-p21 Signaling Axis in Human Small Airway Epithelial Cells That Prevents Inflammation Induced by Pro-inflammatory Cytokines. J Proteome Res. 2016 Oct 7;15(10):3813-3826. doi: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.6b00602. Epub 2016 Aug 29.
PubMed 27529569Mitra S, Schiller D, Anderson C, Gamboni F, D'Alessandro A, Kelher M, Silliman CC, Banerjee A, Jones KL. Hypertonic saline attenuates the cytokine-induced pro-inflammatory signature in primary human lung epithelia. PLoS One. 2017 Dec 18;12(12):e0189536. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0189536. eCollection 2017.
PubMed 29253007Deree J, Martins JO, Leedom A, Lamon B, Putnam J, de Campos T, Hoyt DB, Wolf P, Coimbra R. Hypertonic saline and pentoxifylline reduces hemorrhagic shock resuscitation-induced pulmonary inflammation through attenuation of neutrophil degranulation and proinflammatory mediator synthesis. J Trauma. 2007 Jan;62(1):104-11. doi: 10.1097/TA.0b013e31802d96cb.
PubMed 17215740Pimentel RN, Petroni RC, Barbeiro HV, Barbeiro DF, Andrade MM, Ariga SK, Soriano FG. Hypertonic solution-induced preconditioning reduces inflammation and mortality rate. J Inflamm (Lond). 2019 Jul 3;16:16. doi: 10.1186/s12950-019-0220-4. eCollection 2019.
PubMed 31312113Reeves EP, Molloy K, Pohl K, McElvaney NG. Hypertonic saline in treatment of pulmonary disease in cystic fibrosis. ScientificWorldJournal. 2012;2012:465230. doi: 10.1100/2012/465230. Epub 2012 May 3.
PubMed 22645424Reeves EP, McCarthy C, McElvaney OJ, Vijayan MS, White MM, Dunlea DM, Pohl K, Lacey N, McElvaney NG. Inhaled hypertonic saline for cystic fibrosis: Reviewing the potential evidence for modulation of neutrophil signalling and function. World J Crit Care Med. 2015 Aug 4;4(3):179-91. doi: 10.5492/wjccm.v4.i3.179. eCollection 2015 Aug 4.
PubMed 26261770Wise SK, Lin SY, Toskala E, Orlandi RR, Akdis CA, Alt JA, Azar A, Baroody FM, Bachert C, Canonica GW, Chacko T, Cingi C, Ciprandi G, Corey J, Cox LS, Creticos PS, Custovic A, Damask C, DeConde A, DelGaudio JM, Ebert CS, Eloy JA, Flanagan CE, Fokkens WJ, Franzese C, Gosepath J, Halderman A, Hamilton RG, Hoffman HJ, Hohlfeld JM, Houser SM, Hwang PH, Incorvaia C, Jarvis D, Khalid AN, Kilpelainen M, Kingdom TT, Krouse H, Larenas-Linnemann D, Laury AM, Lee SE, Levy JM, Luong AU, Marple BF, McCoul ED, McMains KC, Melen E, Mims JW, Moscato G, Mullol J, Nelson HS, Patadia M, Pawankar R, Pfaar O, Platt MP, Reisacher W, Rondon C, Rudmik L, Ryan M, Sastre J, Schlosser RJ, Settipane RA, Sharma HP, Sheikh A, Smith TL, Tantilipikorn P, Tversky JR, Veling MC, Wang Y, Westman M, Wickman M, Zacharek M. International Consensus Statement on Allergy and Rhinology: Allergic Rhinitis. Int Forum Allergy Rhinol. 2018 Feb;8(2):108-352. doi: 10.1002/alr.22073.
PubMed 29438602Tarrant BJ, Le Maitre C, Romero L, Steward R, Button BM, Thompson BR, Holland AE. Mucoactive agents for chronic, non-cystic fibrosis lung disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Respirology. 2017 Aug;22(6):1084-1092. doi: 10.1111/resp.13047. Epub 2017 Apr 11.
PubMed 28397992
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 5 Mar 2021. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- HYPERTONIC SALINE COATED FACE MASK FOR REDUCING RESPIRATORY SYMPTOM SEVERITY IN PATIENTS WITH COVID-19
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT04465604
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- RAC # 2201072
- Conditions
- COVID-19
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Unknown status
- Enrolment
- 50 participants (estimated)
- Lead sponsor
- King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research CenterUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 1 Feb 2021 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 1 Nov 2021 (estimated)
- Study completion
- May 2022 (estimated)
- First posted
- 10 Jul 2020 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Rationale:
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is spreading rapidly in the world with no proven effective therapy to date. Some patients with COVID-19 develop sever respiratory disease requiring ICU care. There is in vitro evidence that hypertonic saline (HTS) may be beneficial in reducing the inflammatory component in similar viral illnesses.
Objective:
To assess whether wearing a face mask sprayed with HTS (in addition to other COVID-19 treatments) leads to decreasing the severity of the respiratory symptoms resulting from COVID-19.
Study design:
Multi-centre trial
Study population:
Any patient older than 18 years of age with confirmed COVID-19 diagnosis who has any of the following respiratory symptoms or signs:
- cough,
- shortness of breath,
- tachypnea (respiratory rate of 20 breaths / minute or more),
- hypoxemia (O2 saturation 90% or less on room air)
Intervention:
Participants will be asked to wear a face mask for 20-30 minutes every 6 hours for the duration of their respiratory symptoms and/or signs. This inside surface of the face mask will be sprayed with 10-15 ml of HTS and allowed to air dry before the participant is permitted to wear it. A new face mask will be given to the patient every 24 hours. All participants will continue to receive their other COVID-19 treatments as per local hospital guidelines.
Main study parameter:
Improvement of the respiratory symptoms and signs on repeated measurement.
Nature and extent of the burden and risks associated with participation, benefit:
The burden of COVID-19 is very severe world wide. The trial duration is 3 months, with potential extension if deemed needed by interim analysis at the end of 3 months. There are no additional risks for participation in this study as only face masks will be used with no additional medications being given to the participants. In the future, the results of this study could lead to improved care for COVID-19 patients.
Detailed description
Since its emergence as severe outbreak in China in December 2019, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread so rapidly in the world that more than 780,000 cases have so far been reported worldwide and since then the WHO has declared it as a pandemic. The rapid spread of the disease is imposing major threats on healthcare systems in many countries in the world The major threat to these healthcare systems so far has been the large number of patients who will need respiratory support (ventilators) because of the severe lung injury associated with COVID-19.This disease shares similar pathogenetic, epidemiological and clinical features to the two previously reported coronavirus epidemics (severe acute respiratory syndrome [SARS] and Middle East respiratory syndrome [MERS]) to COVID-19. However little is currently known about SARS-CoV-2 with no established therapy or vaccine.
Lai et al in their 2005 publication showed that "Even with a relatively high virus load (SARS-CoV) in the droplet, rapid loss of infectivity was observed for paper and cotton material" and that "all disinfectants (used in the study) reduced the virus load (SARS-CoV) by 13 log within 5 min after incubation". In addition, it has been shown that viruses (including corona family of viruses) can be de-activated when they come in contact with surfaces covered with sodium chloride (table salt). This can be explained by "physical destruction of virus during recrystallization of coated salts. When the salt-coated fiber is exposed to virus aerosols, salt crystals below the aerosol droplet dissolve to increase osmotic pressure to virus. Due to evaporation, the salt concentration of the droplet significantly increases and reaches the solubility limit, leading to recrystallization of salt. As a consequence, virus particles are exposed to increasing osmotic pressure during the drying process and are physically damaged by crystallization." In 1961, Spier et al showed that viral replication is inhibited by the presence of chloride / halide salts. In addition, a recent report showed that non-myeloid cells (e.g. epithelial, fibroblast and hepatic cells) have an innate immune mechanism, which is augmented in the presence of salt (NaCl). The same report also showed that, in cell culture models, DNA, RNA, enveloped and non-enveloped viruses are all inhibited in the presence of NaCl. The antiviral effect was dependent on the availability of chloride ions (and not sodium ions). In the presence viral infection and the availability of NaCl, cells utilize the chloride ions to produce hypochlorous acid (HOCl). Since HOCl is the active ingredient in bleach, which is known to have an antiviral effect, the mechanism could be augmented by supplying chloride ions through NaCl to treat viral infections. The Edinburgh and Lothians Viral Intervention Study (ELVIS), a pilot RCT of hypertonic saline nasal irrigation and gargling (HSNIG) versus standard care in adults with URTI showed a reduction in the duration of illness by 1.9 days (p = 0.01), less over-the-counter medications use by 36% (p = 0.004), less disease transmission within household contacts by 35% (p = 0.006) and less viral shedding by ≥0.5 log10/day (p = 0.04).
Hypertonic saline (HTS) has also been shown to have anti-inflammatory effects on lung epithelium. In addition, inhaled HTS has been shown to have beneficial effects when used for patients with lung diseases (e.g. cystic fibrosis).
Therefore, the combination of the antiviral properties on surfaces and the anti-inflammatory effects of HTS renders such widely available, affordable and cheap therapy amenable for exploring as potentially beneficial in reducing the severity of lung injury in patients with symptomatic COVID-19 with very minimal risk to the patients.
This proposal aims at testing the effect of spraying the routinely used face masks (or for that matter any material to cover nose and mouth) with HTS on the severity of respiratory symptoms and signs of patients with confirmed COVID-19. In addition, the rate for ICU utilization will be monitored.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Not applicable
- Intervention model
- Single group
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Model description
- The sample size was based on the following assumptions: Poor response rate to HTS is set at 10% or less; Good response to HTS is set at 30% or more ;One-sided Alph error probability is set to < 0.05 (i.e. p < 0.05) and Power to detect rate difference between good response and poor response to HTS is at least 80%. Using the Fleming single-arm group-sequential design (Fleming 1982) Based on these assumptions; a sample size of N=25 patients is expected to achieve a power of 84% of detecting enough activity by HTS (p<0.05 one-sided) of improving respiratory parameters of COVID19 patients. This will be achieved if the true remission rate difference between a poor and good HTS is 20%. Considering the dropout rate of 25%, a minimum of 50 patients will be enrolled. This will ensure more than 90% power to detect at least 20% positive effect of HTS
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 years and older
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (7 listed)
- Age 18 years and older
- confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 by PCR and
- Any of the following
Key exclusion criteria (3 listed)
- Age younger than 18 years
- Pregnancy
- Participation in other COVID-19 intervention trial
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Wearing surgical face mask sprayed with hypertonic salineThe inner surface of a standard surgical face mask will sprayed by 10 to 15 ml of HTS (6% w/v Saline solution prepared by adding 6 gram NaCl to 100 ml of water if not commercially available) and allowed to air dry. The participant will wear the face mask for 20-30 minutes every 6 hours until discharge, intubation for mechanical ventilation or death. A new HTS sprayed mask will be worn by the participant every 24 hours. The data items will be collected on daily basis | Other | – |
Primary outcome
Improvement of respiratory symptoms
Time frame: Throughout hospital stay on average 21 days
Cough and / or shortness of breath
Improvement of respiratory signs
Time frame: Throughout hospital stay on average 21 days
Respiratory rate and / or need for supplemental oxygen
2 secondary outcomes
ICU admission
Time frame: Throughout hospital stay on average 21 days
Mechanical ventilation
Time frame: Throughout hospital stay on average 21 days
Results and safety
Results are not available in the source record.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 5 Mar 2021.
- Background: PubMed 16142653Lai MY, Cheng PK, Lim WW. Survival of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus. Clin Infect Dis. 2005 Oct 1;41(7):e67-71. doi: 10.1086/433186. Epub 2005 Aug 22.
- Background: PubMed 28051158Quan FS, Rubino I, Lee SH, Koch B, Choi HJ. Universal and reusable virus deactivation system for respiratory protection. Sci Rep. 2017 Jan 4;7:39956. doi: 10.1038/srep39956.
- BackgroundSpeir, R. W. (1961). Effect of Several Inorganic Salts on Infectivity of Mengo Virus. Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine, 106(2), 402-404. https://doi.org/10.3181/00379727-106-26352
- Background: PubMed 30206371Ramalingam S, Cai B, Wong J, Twomey M, Chen R, Fu RM, Boote T, McCaughan H, Griffiths SJ, Haas JG. Antiviral innate immune response in non-myeloid cells is augmented by chloride ions via an increase in intracellular hypochlorous acid levels. Sci Rep. 2018 Sep 11;8(1):13630. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-31936-y.
- Background: PubMed 30705369Ramalingam S, Graham C, Dove J, Morrice L, Sheikh A. A pilot, open labelled, randomised controlled trial of hypertonic saline nasal irrigation and gargling for the common cold. Sci Rep. 2019 Jan 31;9(1):1015. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-37703-3.
- Background: PubMed 25479425Wright FL, Gamboni F, Moore EE, Nydam TL, Mitra S, Silliman CC, Banerjee A. Hyperosmolarity invokes distinct anti-inflammatory mechanisms in pulmonary epithelial cells: evidence from signaling and transcription layers. PLoS One. 2014 Dec 5;9(12):e114129. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0114129. eCollection 2014.
- Background: PubMed 18948845Nydam TL, Moore EE, McIntyre RC Jr, Wright FL, Gamboni-Robertson F, Eckels PC, Banerjee A. Hypertonic saline attenuates TNF-alpha-induced NF-kappaB activation in pulmonary epithelial cells. Shock. 2009 May;31(5):466-72. doi: 10.1097/SHK.0b013e31818ec47d.
- Background: PubMed 27529569Gamboni F, Anderson C, Mitra S, Reisz JA, Nemkov T, Dzieciatkowska M, Jones KL, Hansen KC, D'Alessandro A, Banerjee A. Hypertonic Saline Primes Activation of the p53-p21 Signaling Axis in Human Small Airway Epithelial Cells That Prevents Inflammation Induced by Pro-inflammatory Cytokines. J Proteome Res. 2016 Oct 7;15(10):3813-3826. doi: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.6b00602. Epub 2016 Aug 29.
- Background: PubMed 29253007Mitra S, Schiller D, Anderson C, Gamboni F, D'Alessandro A, Kelher M, Silliman CC, Banerjee A, Jones KL. Hypertonic saline attenuates the cytokine-induced pro-inflammatory signature in primary human lung epithelia. PLoS One. 2017 Dec 18;12(12):e0189536. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0189536. eCollection 2017.
- Background: PubMed 17215740Deree J, Martins JO, Leedom A, Lamon B, Putnam J, de Campos T, Hoyt DB, Wolf P, Coimbra R. Hypertonic saline and pentoxifylline reduces hemorrhagic shock resuscitation-induced pulmonary inflammation through attenuation of neutrophil degranulation and proinflammatory mediator synthesis. J Trauma. 2007 Jan;62(1):104-11. doi: 10.1097/TA.0b013e31802d96cb.
- Background: PubMed 31312113Pimentel RN, Petroni RC, Barbeiro HV, Barbeiro DF, Andrade MM, Ariga SK, Soriano FG. Hypertonic solution-induced preconditioning reduces inflammation and mortality rate. J Inflamm (Lond). 2019 Jul 3;16:16. doi: 10.1186/s12950-019-0220-4. eCollection 2019.
- Background: PubMed 22645424Reeves EP, Molloy K, Pohl K, McElvaney NG. Hypertonic saline in treatment of pulmonary disease in cystic fibrosis. ScientificWorldJournal. 2012;2012:465230. doi: 10.1100/2012/465230. Epub 2012 May 3.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
Related trials for COVID-19
RecruitingPhase 2
A Study to Evaluate the Safety, Reactogenicity, and Immunogenicity of mRNA-1283 in Participants ≥6 Months to <12 Years of Age
SARS-CoV-2
RecruitingObservational study
Viral Infections in Healthy and Immunocompromised Hosts
Anogenital Herpes, COVID-19
Active, not recruiting
Long COVID Brain Fog: Cognitive Rehabilitation Trial
Long COVID, Brain Fog
Recruiting
RSV Burden in Outpatient and Hospital Settings
RSV Infection, Children, Only
Active, not recruitingObservational study
Korean Post Marketing Surveillance for Comirnaty Injection (Bretovameran)
COVID-19 Vaccination
Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Ali Alshanqeeti, MD principal investigator
King Faisal Specialsit Hospital and Research Center
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Wearing surgical face mask sprayed with hypertonic saline in people with COVID-19, run by King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center at 1 site in Saudi Arabia.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 7 inclusion and 3 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: status not confirmed, as of the sponsor's last update on 5 Mar 2021. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Saudi Arabia. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
Results are not available in the source record.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
Contact Ali Alshanqeeti, MD (+966114427094, ashanqeeti@kfshrc.edu.sa), or a site near the patient. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Improvement of respiratory symptoms (time frame: Throughout hospital stay on average 21 days). The study lists 2 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT04465604, which also lists 18 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 5 Mar 2021.