Covid19Phase 2NCT04494399
IFN Beta-1b and Ribavirin for Covid-19
A Phase 2 study testing Interferon beta-1b and Ribavirin in people with Covid19, run by The University of Hong Kong at 1 site in Hong Kong.
Trial summary
As of 1 July 2020, more than 10 million people been confirmed to have infected by SARS-CoV-2, resulting in more than 500,000 deaths. No specific antiviral treatment for the SARS-CoV-2 is currently available, but existing medication could be repurposed. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 years and older
- Conditions the study is for
- Covid19
- What is being tested?
- Interferon beta-1b and Ribavirin
- Type of treatment
- Pill or oral medicine, Injection or infusion
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 96 participants
- Where
- 1 siteHong Kong
- Study dates
- 29 Jul 2020to 1 Aug 2022
- Phase
- Phase 2
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 years and older
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- Recruited subjects include all adult patients ≥18 years hospitalized for virologic confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection.
- All subjects give written informed consent. For patients who are critically ill, requiring ICU, ventilation or confused, informed consent will be obtained from spouse, next-of-kin or legal guardians.
- Subjects must be available to complete the study and comply with study procedures. Willingness to allow for serum samples to be stored beyond the study period, for potential additional future testing to better characterize immune response.
Who cannot join
- Inability to comprehend and to follow all required study procedures.
- Allergy or severe reactions to the study drugs
- Patients taking medication that will potentially interact with l interferon beta-1b or ribavirin
- Pregnant or lactation women
- Patients with known history of severe depression
- Received an experimental agent (vaccine, drug, biologic, device, blood product, or medication) within 1 month prior to recruitment in this study or expect to receive an experimental agent during this study.
Show all 9Show fewer
- To participate in an unrelated trial during the current clinical trial. Nevertheless, the patients have the right to withdraw from the current clinical trial to join another clinical trial.
- Have a history of alcohol or drug abuse in the last 5 years.
- Have any condition that the investigator believes may interfere with successful completion of the study.
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
Hong Kong1 site, 1 recruiting
- Recruiting
The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital
Hong Kong, 852
Ivan FN Hung, MD FRCP, 22554049, ivanhung@hku.hk
Kelvin KW To, MD FRCPath, kelvinto@hku.hk
About this study
Official title: An Open-label Randomised Controlled Trial on IFN Beta-1b and Ribavirin Combination, as Treatment for Covid-19 Infection
As of 1 July 2020, more than 10 million people been confirmed to have infected by SARS-CoV-2, resulting in more than 500,000 deaths. No specific antiviral treatment for the SARS-CoV-2 is currently available, but existing medication could be repurposed.
The investigators therefore propose to conduct an open-label randomized controlled trial on a short course of interferon β-1b and ribavirin combination treatment for patients hospitalized for COVID-19 infection.
Read the detailed description
The novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), is a single-stranded RNA coronavirus. The virus was first isolated from patients presented with pneumonia in Wuhan in December 2019. It is believed that the virus first emerged from patients working in the Wuhan Seafood Market which also sold contaminated wild animals, consumed as a local delicacy. Sequences of the Wuhan betacoronavirus show similarities to betacoronaviruses found in bats, sharing a common ancestor with the 2003 SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV).
The SARS-CoV-2 has since spread from China to the rest of the world. As of 1 July 2020, more than 10 million people been confirmed to have infected by SARS-CoV-2, resulting in more than 500,000 deaths. No specific antiviral treatment for the SARS-CoV-2 is currently available, but existing medication could be repurposed.
Previously, the investigators have demonstrated that interferon beta-1b, commonly used in the treatment of multiple sclerosis and lopinavir/ ritonavir, also demonstrated to improve the outcome of MERS-CoV infection in a non-human primate model of common marmoset. More recently, the investigators have demonstrated that the triple combination of interferon β-1b, lopinavir/ ritonavir and ribavirin was significantly more effective in alleviating symptoms and respiratory SARS-CoV-2 viral load than lopinavir/ ritonavir with ribavirin or lopinavir/ ritonavir alone, suggesting that interferon β-1b might be the most potent antiviral among the three and lopinavir/ ritonavir is associated with relatively more side effects including diarrhoea and cardiac arrhythmia.
Therefore, the investigators propose to conduct an open-label randomized controlled trial on a short course of interferon β-1b and ribavirin combination treatment for patients hospitalized for COVID-19 infection.
Patients will be randomly assigned to one of the two groups: the Treatment group: a 5-day course of subcutaneous injection of interferon β-1b 2mL (16 million IU) consecutively and oral ribavirin 400mg twice daily, or the Control group: supportive care alone (1:1).
For patients randomized to the Control group, if the nasopharyngeal swab (NPS) or throat saliva (TS) viral load is still detectable on day 3, the patients will receive the same treatment as in the Treatment group from day 4 to day 8.
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Interferon beta-1bDrug
5-day course of daily subcutaneous injection of interferon β-1b 16 million IU
RibavirinDrug
5-day course of oral ribavirin 400mg twice daily
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Treatment group | Active comparator | 5-day course of daily subcutaneous injection of interferon β-1b 2mL (16 million IU) consecutively and oral ribavirin 400mg twice daily plus standard care Receives: Drug: Interferon beta-1b; Drug: Ribavirin |
| Control group | No intervention | Standard care alone |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Clinical symptoms alleviation
Time to complete alleviation of symptoms as defined by NEWS2 of 0 maintained for 24 hours
Measured: 7 days
Secondary outcomes (5)
Hospitalisation
Length of hospitalisation
Measured: 14 days
Time to negative viral load
Time to negative nasopharyngeal swab and throat saliva viral load by RT-PCR
Measured: 7 days
Inflammatory changes
Cytokine/ chemokine changes
Measured: 7 days
Mortality
One month mortality rate
Measured: 30 days
Adverse events and serious adverse events
Adverse events and serious adverse events within 30 days of treatment
Measured: 30 days
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted31 Jul 2020
- Study start29 Jul 2020
- Primary completion1 Jul 2022 (estimated)
- Study completion1 Aug 2022 (estimated)
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (6)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Covid19Studies of the same condition, open and under way.
- More trials run by The University of Hong KongThe sponsor's other registered studies.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase 2
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Model description
- open label randomised controlled trial
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 96 participants (estimated)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- The University of Hong Kong
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Hospital Authority, Hong Kong
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Ivan FN Hung, MD FRCP, Principal investigator, The University of Hong Kong
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT04494399
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- UW 20-513
- Status last verified
- Jul 2020
- First submitted
- 28 Jul 2020
- Last updated
- 31 Jul 2020
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- Yes
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
Publications
Hung IF, Lung KC, Tso EY, Liu R, Chung TW, Chu MY, Ng YY, Lo J, Chan J, Tam AR, Shum HP, Chan V, Wu AK, Sin KM, Leung WS, Law WL, Lung DC, Sin S, Yeung P, Yip CC, Zhang RR, Fung AY, Yan EY, Leung KH, Ip JD, Chu AW, Chan WM, Ng AC, Lee R, Fung K, Yeung A, Wu TC, Chan JW, Yan WW, Chan WM, Chan JF, Lie AK, Tsang OT, Cheng VC, Que TL, Lau CS, Chan KH, To KK, Yuen KY. Triple combination of interferon beta-1b, lopinavir-ritonavir, and ribavirin in the treatment of patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19: an open-label, randomised, phase 2 trial. Lancet. 2020 May 30;395(10238):1695-1704. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31042-4. Epub 2020 May 10.
PubMed 32401715Beigel JH, Tomashek KM, Dodd LE, Mehta AK, Zingman BS, Kalil AC, Hohmann E, Chu HY, Luetkemeyer A, Kline S, Lopez de Castilla D, Finberg RW, Dierberg K, Tapson V, Hsieh L, Patterson TF, Paredes R, Sweeney DA, Short WR, Touloumi G, Lye DC, Ohmagari N, Oh MD, Ruiz-Palacios GM, Benfield T, Fatkenheuer G, Kortepeter MG, Atmar RL, Creech CB, Lundgren J, Babiker AG, Pett S, Neaton JD, Burgess TH, Bonnett T, Green M, Makowski M, Osinusi A, Nayak S, Lane HC; ACTT-1 Study Group Members. Remdesivir for the Treatment of Covid-19 - Final Report. N Engl J Med. 2020 Nov 5;383(19):1813-1826. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2007764. Epub 2020 Oct 8.
PubMed 32445440Chu H, Chan JF, Wang Y, Yuen TT, Chai Y, Hou Y, Shuai H, Yang D, Hu B, Huang X, Zhang X, Cai JP, Zhou J, Yuan S, Kok KH, To KK, Chan IH, Zhang AJ, Sit KY, Au WK, Yuen KY. Comparative Replication and Immune Activation Profiles of SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV in Human Lungs: An Ex Vivo Study With Implications for the Pathogenesis of COVID-19. Clin Infect Dis. 2020 Sep 12;71(6):1400-1409. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciaa410.
PubMed 32270184Chan JF, Yao Y, Yeung ML, Deng W, Bao L, Jia L, Li F, Xiao C, Gao H, Yu P, Cai JP, Chu H, Zhou J, Chen H, Qin C, Yuen KY. Treatment With Lopinavir/Ritonavir or Interferon-beta1b Improves Outcome of MERS-CoV Infection in a Nonhuman Primate Model of Common Marmoset. J Infect Dis. 2015 Dec 15;212(12):1904-13. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiv392. Epub 2015 Jul 21.
PubMed 26198719Yuan S, Chan CC, Chik KK, Tsang JO, Liang R, Cao J, Tang K, Cai JP, Ye ZW, Yin F, To KK, Chu H, Jin DY, Hung IF, Yuen KY, Chan JF. Broad-Spectrum Host-Based Antivirals Targeting the Interferon and Lipogenesis Pathways as Potential Treatment Options for the Pandemic Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Viruses. 2020 Jun 10;12(6):628. doi: 10.3390/v12060628.
PubMed 32532085Blanco-Melo D, Nilsson-Payant BE, Liu WC, Uhl S, Hoagland D, Moller R, Jordan TX, Oishi K, Panis M, Sachs D, Wang TT, Schwartz RE, Lim JK, Albrecht RA, tenOever BR. Imbalanced Host Response to SARS-CoV-2 Drives Development of COVID-19. Cell. 2020 May 28;181(5):1036-1045.e9. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.04.026. Epub 2020 May 15.
PubMed 32416070
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 31 Jul 2020. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- An Open-label Randomised Controlled Trial on IFN Beta-1b and Ribavirin Combination, as Treatment for Covid-19 Infection
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT04494399
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- UW 20-513
- Conditions
- Covid19
- Keywords
- interferon beta-1b, ribavirin, hospitalised, patients
- Phase
- Phase 2
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Unknown status
- Enrolment
- 96 participants (estimated)
- Lead sponsor
- The University of Hong KongUniversity, hospital or other
- Collaborators
- Hospital Authority, Hong Kong
- Study start
- 29 Jul 2020 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 1 Jul 2022 (estimated)
- Study completion
- 1 Aug 2022 (estimated)
- First posted
- 31 Jul 2020 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
As of 1 July 2020, more than 10 million people been confirmed to have infected by SARS-CoV-2, resulting in more than 500,000 deaths. No specific antiviral treatment for the SARS-CoV-2 is currently available, but existing medication could be repurposed.
The investigators therefore propose to conduct an open-label randomized controlled trial on a short course of interferon β-1b and ribavirin combination treatment for patients hospitalized for COVID-19 infection.
Detailed description
The novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), is a single-stranded RNA coronavirus. The virus was first isolated from patients presented with pneumonia in Wuhan in December 2019. It is believed that the virus first emerged from patients working in the Wuhan Seafood Market which also sold contaminated wild animals, consumed as a local delicacy. Sequences of the Wuhan betacoronavirus show similarities to betacoronaviruses found in bats, sharing a common ancestor with the 2003 SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV).
The SARS-CoV-2 has since spread from China to the rest of the world. As of 1 July 2020, more than 10 million people been confirmed to have infected by SARS-CoV-2, resulting in more than 500,000 deaths. No specific antiviral treatment for the SARS-CoV-2 is currently available, but existing medication could be repurposed.
Previously, the investigators have demonstrated that interferon beta-1b, commonly used in the treatment of multiple sclerosis and lopinavir/ ritonavir, also demonstrated to improve the outcome of MERS-CoV infection in a non-human primate model of common marmoset. More recently, the investigators have demonstrated that the triple combination of interferon β-1b, lopinavir/ ritonavir and ribavirin was significantly more effective in alleviating symptoms and respiratory SARS-CoV-2 viral load than lopinavir/ ritonavir with ribavirin or lopinavir/ ritonavir alone, suggesting that interferon β-1b might be the most potent antiviral among the three and lopinavir/ ritonavir is associated with relatively more side effects including diarrhoea and cardiac arrhythmia.
Therefore, the investigators propose to conduct an open-label randomized controlled trial on a short course of interferon β-1b and ribavirin combination treatment for patients hospitalized for COVID-19 infection.
Patients will be randomly assigned to one of the two groups: the Treatment group: a 5-day course of subcutaneous injection of interferon β-1b 2mL (16 million IU) consecutively and oral ribavirin 400mg twice daily, or the Control group: supportive care alone (1:1).
For patients randomized to the Control group, if the nasopharyngeal swab (NPS) or throat saliva (TS) viral load is still detectable on day 3, the patients will receive the same treatment as in the Treatment group from day 4 to day 8.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 2
- Model description
- open label randomised controlled trial
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Treatment group | Active comparator | Drug: Interferon beta-1b, Drug: Ribavirin5-day course of daily subcutaneous injection of interferon β-1b 2mL (16 million IU) consecutively and oral ribavirin 400mg twice daily plus standard care |
| Control group | No intervention | –Standard care alone |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 years and older
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (3 listed)
- Recruited subjects include all adult patients ≥18 years hospitalized for virologic confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection.
- All subjects give written informed consent. For patients who are critically ill, requiring ICU, ventilation or confused, informed consent will be obtained from spouse, next-of-kin or legal guardians.
- Subjects must be available to complete the study and comply with study procedures. Willingness to allow for serum samples to be stored beyond the study period, for potential additional future testing to better characterize immune response.
Key exclusion criteria (9 listed)
- Inability to comprehend and to follow all required study procedures.
- Allergy or severe reactions to the study drugs
- Patients taking medication that will potentially interact with l interferon beta-1b or ribavirin
- Pregnant or lactation women
- Patients with known history of severe depression
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Interferon beta-1b5-day course of daily subcutaneous injection of interferon β-1b 16 million IU | Drug | Treatment group |
| Ribavirin5-day course of oral ribavirin 400mg twice daily | Drug | Treatment group |
Primary outcome
Clinical symptoms alleviation
Time frame: 7 days
Time to complete alleviation of symptoms as defined by NEWS2 of 0 maintained for 24 hours
5 secondary outcomes
Hospitalisation
Time frame: 14 days
Time to negative viral load
Time frame: 7 days
Inflammatory changes
Time frame: 7 days
Mortality
Time frame: 30 days
Adverse events and serious adverse events
Time frame: 30 days
Results and safety
Results are not available in the source record.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 31 Jul 2020.
- Background: PubMed 32401715Hung IF, Lung KC, Tso EY, Liu R, Chung TW, Chu MY, Ng YY, Lo J, Chan J, Tam AR, Shum HP, Chan V, Wu AK, Sin KM, Leung WS, Law WL, Lung DC, Sin S, Yeung P, Yip CC, Zhang RR, Fung AY, Yan EY, Leung KH, Ip JD, Chu AW, Chan WM, Ng AC, Lee R, Fung K, Yeung A, Wu TC, Chan JW, Yan WW, Chan WM, Chan JF, Lie AK, Tsang OT, Cheng VC, Que TL, Lau CS, Chan KH, To KK, Yuen KY. Triple combination of interferon beta-1b, lopinavir-ritonavir, and ribavirin in the treatment of patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19: an open-label, randomised, phase 2 trial. Lancet. 2020 May 30;395(10238):1695-1704. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31042-4. Epub 2020 May 10.
- Background: PubMed 32445440Beigel JH, Tomashek KM, Dodd LE, Mehta AK, Zingman BS, Kalil AC, Hohmann E, Chu HY, Luetkemeyer A, Kline S, Lopez de Castilla D, Finberg RW, Dierberg K, Tapson V, Hsieh L, Patterson TF, Paredes R, Sweeney DA, Short WR, Touloumi G, Lye DC, Ohmagari N, Oh MD, Ruiz-Palacios GM, Benfield T, Fatkenheuer G, Kortepeter MG, Atmar RL, Creech CB, Lundgren J, Babiker AG, Pett S, Neaton JD, Burgess TH, Bonnett T, Green M, Makowski M, Osinusi A, Nayak S, Lane HC; ACTT-1 Study Group Members. Remdesivir for the Treatment of Covid-19 - Final Report. N Engl J Med. 2020 Nov 5;383(19):1813-1826. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2007764. Epub 2020 Oct 8.
- Background: PubMed 32270184Chu H, Chan JF, Wang Y, Yuen TT, Chai Y, Hou Y, Shuai H, Yang D, Hu B, Huang X, Zhang X, Cai JP, Zhou J, Yuan S, Kok KH, To KK, Chan IH, Zhang AJ, Sit KY, Au WK, Yuen KY. Comparative Replication and Immune Activation Profiles of SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV in Human Lungs: An Ex Vivo Study With Implications for the Pathogenesis of COVID-19. Clin Infect Dis. 2020 Sep 12;71(6):1400-1409. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciaa410.
- Background: PubMed 26198719Chan JF, Yao Y, Yeung ML, Deng W, Bao L, Jia L, Li F, Xiao C, Gao H, Yu P, Cai JP, Chu H, Zhou J, Chen H, Qin C, Yuen KY. Treatment With Lopinavir/Ritonavir or Interferon-beta1b Improves Outcome of MERS-CoV Infection in a Nonhuman Primate Model of Common Marmoset. J Infect Dis. 2015 Dec 15;212(12):1904-13. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiv392. Epub 2015 Jul 21.
- Background: PubMed 32532085Yuan S, Chan CC, Chik KK, Tsang JO, Liang R, Cao J, Tang K, Cai JP, Ye ZW, Yin F, To KK, Chu H, Jin DY, Hung IF, Yuen KY, Chan JF. Broad-Spectrum Host-Based Antivirals Targeting the Interferon and Lipogenesis Pathways as Potential Treatment Options for the Pandemic Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Viruses. 2020 Jun 10;12(6):628. doi: 10.3390/v12060628.
- Background: PubMed 32416070Blanco-Melo D, Nilsson-Payant BE, Liu WC, Uhl S, Hoagland D, Moller R, Jordan TX, Oishi K, Panis M, Sachs D, Wang TT, Schwartz RE, Lim JK, Albrecht RA, tenOever BR. Imbalanced Host Response to SARS-CoV-2 Drives Development of COVID-19. Cell. 2020 May 28;181(5):1036-1045.e9. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.04.026. Epub 2020 May 15.
Related trials for Covid19
Not yet recruitingPhase 1
Phase I Open-Label Safety Trial of Pembrolizumab for Neurological Post- Acute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 (PD1-PASC I)
Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome
Active, not recruitingPhase 1
A Safety and Immunogenicity Trial of OCU500, ChAd36 Vector Encoding SARS-CoV-2 Spike Vaccine Via Intranasal and Inhalational Routes in Previously Vaccinated Adults
COVID-19
Active, not recruiting
Intervention to Address Disparate Mental Health Consequences of COVID-19 Pandemic on Latinx and African Newcomers
Mental Health Issue, Mental Health Disorder
Recruiting
Home-Based Exercise Tele-Rehabilitation After COVID-19
Post SARS-CoV2 (COVID-19)
Not yet recruitingPhase 1
A Safety, Reactogenicity and Immunogenicity Trial of RVX-sCPD9 Booster Intranasal COVID-19 Vaccine
COVID -19
Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Ivan FN Hung, MD FRCP principal investigator
The University of Hong Kong
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A Phase 2 study testing Interferon beta-1b and Ribavirin in people with Covid19, run by The University of Hong Kong at 1 site in Hong Kong.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 3 inclusion and 9 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: status not confirmed, as of the sponsor's last update on 31 Jul 2020. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Hong Kong. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
What does this phase mean?
Phase 2 studies give the treatment to a larger group to see whether it has the intended effect and to keep checking safety.
Not every study follows the same path, and some studies (observational studies, device studies) have no phase.
Are results available for this study?
Results are not available in the source record.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
Contact Ivan FN Hung, MD FRCP (22554049, ivanhung@hku.hk), or a site near the patient. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Clinical symptoms alleviation (time frame: 7 days). It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT04494399, which also lists 6 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 31 Jul 2020.