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Laparoscopic Bariatric SurgeryPhase 4NCT04524130

Intraoperative Lidocaine and Combined With Ketamine on Opioid After Bariatric Surgery

A Phase 4 study testing Lidocaine Hydrochloride and Ketamine in people with Laparoscopic Bariatric Surgery, run by Mahidol University at 1 site in Thailand.

Completed

Finished. The study has ended and is not enrolling. Results may be posted on the official record.

Official record
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Trial summary

The most effective long-term treatment for obesity is bariatric surgery, however, postoperative pain control is challenging in these group of population. Opioid-sparing technique with multimodal analgesia is recommended but the evidence supported is still limited. Read more about this study

Who is it for?
Ages 18 years and older
Conditions the study is for
Laparoscopic Bariatric Surgery
What is being tested?
Lidocaine Hydrochloride and Ketamine
Type of treatment
Injection or infusion
Could I receive a placebo?
Yes, some participants may receive a placebo
How many people
87 participants
Where
1 siteThailand
Study dates
1 Apr 2021to 31 Jan 2025
Phase
Phase 4
Are there results?
None posted in the registry

Key requirements

Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.

  • Ages 18 years and older
  • All sexes
  • No healthy volunteers
  • Adult, Older adult

Who may be able to join

  • Adults patients age older than 18 years.
  • Body mass index more than 30 kg/m2.
  • Scheduled for laparoscopic bariatric surgery, including laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy, robotic-assisted laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy, laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery or robotic-assisted laparoscopic gastric bypass.

Who cannot join

  • Patient refusal.
  • Inability to communicate or read in Thai language.
  • Allergic to lidocaine or ketamine.
  • History of opioid use within 2 weeks before surgery
  • Cardiovascular disorder, including high grade atrioventricular block (second degree or third degree), history of coronary artery disease, poor controlled hypertension.
  • History of stroke, intracranial hemorrhage or intracranial mass
Show all 10Show fewer
  • Cognitive impairment
  • Schizophrenia or history of antipsychotic drugs
  • Pregnant or breast-feeding patients
  • Conversion to open surgery

Trial locations and contacts

1 site in 1 country.

Thailand1 site

  • Faculty of medicine Siriraj hospital

    Bangkok, Bangkok, 10700

Other trials in Thailand

About this study

Official title: The Effect of Intraoperative Lidocaine Infusion and Intraoperative Lidocaine Combined With Ketamine Infusion on Opioid Consumption After Laparoscopic Bariatric Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial

The most effective long-term treatment for obesity is bariatric surgery, however, postoperative pain control is challenging in these group of population. Opioid-sparing technique with multimodal analgesia is recommended but the evidence supported is still limited. Multimodal analgesia, particularly lidocaine and ketamine, has been used effectively in various type of surgery. However, the evidence supported their use in obese patients undergoing bariatric surgery is limited.

Read the detailed description

The prevalence of obesity and associated diseases have been increasing in recent decades. From 1980 to 2013, the number of adults with BMI more than 25 kg/m2 increased from 28.8% to 36.9% in men, and from 29.8% to 38% in women. According to World Health Organization (WHO), the prevalence of overweight among adults in Thailand in 2016 was 32.6%, markedly increased from 2011 which was 23.9%. To date, the most effective long-term treatment for obesity is bariatric surgery because of significantly reducing body fat, the development of new obesity-related conditions, and overall mortality. However, postoperative complications, particularly respiratory complication, are concerned because obesity is associated with respiratory compromise and sleep-disordered breathing. The 2016 guideline for perioperative care in bariatric surgery developed by enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) society state that, regarding to current evidence, there is no specific anesthetic agents or techniques for bariatric surgery, however, multimodal analgesia should be used to reduce opioid consumption and opioid-related complications such as respiratory depression, postoperative nausea and vomiting and ileus. Moreover, several studies supported opioid-sparing technique to avoid respiratory complications.

Intravenous lidocaine is widely used to reduce postoperative pain and to reduce perioperative opioid as a multimodal analgesia. From Cochrane review, perioperative lidocaine can decrease pain at rest, postoperative ileus and postoperative nausea and vomiting in elective and urgent surgery. Few trials in obese patients underwent laparoscopic bariatric surgery found that lidocaine infusion can decrease opioid consumption. However, the supported evidence is still limit. Ketamine has been used for postoperative analgesia as well, as an effective adjunct to decrease opioid consumption in various types of surgery, including open bariatric surgery. Moreover, the recent retrospective study (Tovikkai P, in press) found that there was a positive interaction between intraoperative lidocaine infusion and ketamine for decreasing opioid consumption in obese patients underwent laparoscopic bariatric surgery. However, the benefit of lidocaine and ketamine for postoperative pain in obese patients underwent laparoscopic bariatric surgery is still debated.

Therefore, we designed this study to examine the effect of intraoperative lidocaine infusion and intraoperative lidocaine infusion combined with intraoperative low-dose ketamine infusion on opioid consumption in obese patients undergoing laparoscopic bariatric surgery.

Being tested
Lidocaine Hydrochloride, Ketamine, Placebo

What participants receive

What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.

  • Lidocaine HydrochlorideDrug

    Also called Li

    lidocaine will be given 1.5 mg/kg bolus at induction then 2mg/kg/hr until the end of surgery.

  • KetamineDrug

    Also called Ke

    Ketamine will be given 0.35 mg/kg bolus at induction then 0.2 mg/kg/hr until the end of surgery.

  • PlaceboDrug

    Also called Normal Saline

    Normal saline will be given with the same rate of lidocaine or ketamine.

Study groups in NCT04524130
Study groupRoleWhat they receive
Lidocaine and KetamineExperimentalParticipants in this arm will receive intra-operative lidocaine and ketamine infusion as adjunctive drugs for pain control. All medication is dosed based on calculated lean body weight (LBW) by Janmahasatian formula.
Receives: Drug: Lidocaine Hydrochloride; Drug: Ketamine
LidocaineActive comparatorParticipants in this arm will receive only intra-operative ketamine infusion as adjunctive drugs for pain control. All medication is dosed based on calculated lean body weight (LBW) by Janmahasatian formula.
Receives: Drug: Lidocaine Hydrochloride; Drug: Placebo
PlaceboPlacebo comparatorParticipants in this arm will receive normal saline, same volume as lidocaine and ketamine.
Receives: Drug: Placebo

What is being measured

The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.

  1. Opioid consumption

    Opioid consumption at 24 hr post-operation using Morphine Milligram equivalents(MME)

    Measured: 24-hour

  2. Score of post-extubation cough

    post-extubation cough graded by care giver using modified Minogue scales, which defined grade1 as no coughing or muscular stiffness, grade 2 as coughing once or twice, or transient cough response to removal of tracheal tube that resolved with extubation, grade 3 as ≤ 3 coughs lasting 1-2 seconds, or total duration of coughing last ≤ 5 seconds and grade 4 as ≥ 4 coughs with each lasting > 2 seconds, total duration of coughing last > 5 seconds.

    Measured: up to 24 hours (at extubation period after surgery finished)

Secondary outcomes (5)

  1. operative time

    time since incision started until the last suture done recorded in minutes.

    Measured: intraoperative (since the incision started until finished the last suture)

  2. anesthetic time

    time since anesthetic started until finished and patient out of room recorded in minutes.

    Measured: intraoperative (since anesthetic started until patient out of the operating room)

  3. the length of hospital stay

    time since admission until discharge recorded in hours.

    Measured: until 30-day postoperation

  4. numbers of participants with postoperative complications

    cardiac arrhythmia, myocardial infarction, respiratory compromised, reintubation, readmission.

    Measured: until 30-day postoperation

  5. Score of sore throat

    sore throat score grading by self-assessment score, which defined grade 0 as no sore throat, grade 1 as minimal sore throat, grade 2 as moderate sore throat and grade 3 as severe sore throat.

    Measured: assess at 24-hour post-operation

Timeline

From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.

  1. First posted24 Aug 2020
  2. Study start1 Apr 2021
  3. Primary completion30 Oct 2024
  4. Study completion31 Jan 2025

Resources

More details

For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.

Study design
Study type
Interventional
Phase
Phase 4
Primary purpose
Treatment
Allocation
Randomised
Intervention model
Parallel groups
Masking
Quadruple blind
Who is masked
Participant, Care provider, Investigator, Outcomes assessor
Enrolment
87 participants (actual)
IDs, dates and publications
ClinicalTrials.gov ID
NCT04524130
Sponsor's protocol ID
610/2563(IRB3)
Status last verified
May 2025
First submitted
29 Jul 2020
Last updated
9 May 2025
Results posted
No
Data monitoring committee
No
FDA-regulated drug
No
FDA-regulated device
No
Individual data sharing
No

Publications

  • Ng M, Fleming T, Robinson M, Thomson B, Graetz N, Margono C, Mullany EC, Biryukov S, Abbafati C, Abera SF, Abraham JP, Abu-Rmeileh NM, Achoki T, AlBuhairan FS, Alemu ZA, Alfonso R, Ali MK, Ali R, Guzman NA, Ammar W, Anwari P, Banerjee A, Barquera S, Basu S, Bennett DA, Bhutta Z, Blore J, Cabral N, Nonato IC, Chang JC, Chowdhury R, Courville KJ, Criqui MH, Cundiff DK, Dabhadkar KC, Dandona L, Davis A, Dayama A, Dharmaratne SD, Ding EL, Durrani AM, Esteghamati A, Farzadfar F, Fay DF, Feigin VL, Flaxman A, Forouzanfar MH, Goto A, Green MA, Gupta R, Hafezi-Nejad N, Hankey GJ, Harewood HC, Havmoeller R, Hay S, Hernandez L, Husseini A, Idrisov BT, Ikeda N, Islami F, Jahangir E, Jassal SK, Jee SH, Jeffreys M, Jonas JB, Kabagambe EK, Khalifa SE, Kengne AP, Khader YS, Khang YH, Kim D, Kimokoti RW, Kinge JM, Kokubo Y, Kosen S, Kwan G, Lai T, Leinsalu M, Li Y, Liang X, Liu S, Logroscino G, Lotufo PA, Lu Y, Ma J, Mainoo NK, Mensah GA, Merriman TR, Mokdad AH, Moschandreas J, Naghavi M, Naheed A, Nand D, Narayan KM, Nelson EL, Neuhouser ML, Nisar MI, Ohkubo T, Oti SO, Pedroza A, Prabhakaran D, Roy N, Sampson U, Seo H, Sepanlou SG, Shibuya K, Shiri R, Shiue I, Singh GM, Singh JA, Skirbekk V, Stapelberg NJ, Sturua L, Sykes BL, Tobias M, Tran BX, Trasande L, Toyoshima H, van de Vijver S, Vasankari TJ, Veerman JL, Velasquez-Melendez G, Vlassov VV, Vollset SE, Vos T, Wang C, Wang X, Weiderpass E, Werdecker A, Wright JL, Yang YC, Yatsuya H, Yoon J, Yoon SJ, Zhao Y, Zhou M, Zhu S, Lopez AD, Murray CJ, Gakidou E. Global, regional, and national prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adults during 1980-2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013. Lancet. 2014 Aug 30;384(9945):766-81. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(14)60460-8. Epub 2014 May 29.

    PubMed 24880830

  • Jitnarin N, Kosulwat V, Rojroongwasinkul N, Boonpraderm A, Haddock CK, Poston WS. Prevalence of overweight and obesity in Thai population: results of the National Thai Food Consumption Survey. Eat Weight Disord. 2011 Dec;16(4):e242-9. doi: 10.1007/BF03327467.

    PubMed 22526130

  • Christou NV, Sampalis JS, Liberman M, Look D, Auger S, McLean AP, MacLean LD. Surgery decreases long-term mortality, morbidity, and health care use in morbidly obese patients. Ann Surg. 2004 Sep;240(3):416-23; discussion 423-4. doi: 10.1097/01.sla.0000137343.63376.19.

    PubMed 15319713

  • Lukosiute A, Karmali A, Cousins JM. Anaesthetic Preparation of Obese Patients: Current Status on Optimal Work-up. Curr Obes Rep. 2017 Sep;6(3):229-237. doi: 10.1007/s13679-017-0268-5.

    PubMed 28707209

  • Ortiz VE, Kwo J. Obesity: physiologic changes and implications for preoperative management. BMC Anesthesiol. 2015 Jul 4;15:97. doi: 10.1186/s12871-015-0079-8.

    PubMed 26141622

  • Thorell A, MacCormick AD, Awad S, Reynolds N, Roulin D, Demartines N, Vignaud M, Alvarez A, Singh PM, Lobo DN. Guidelines for Perioperative Care in Bariatric Surgery: Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) Society Recommendations. World J Surg. 2016 Sep;40(9):2065-83. doi: 10.1007/s00268-016-3492-3.

    PubMed 26943657

  • King AB, Spann MD, Jablonski P, Wanderer JP, Sandberg WS, McEvoy MD. An enhanced recovery program for bariatric surgical patients significantly reduces perioperative opioid consumption and postoperative nausea. Surg Obes Relat Dis. 2018 Jun;14(6):849-856. doi: 10.1016/j.soard.2018.02.010. Epub 2018 Feb 13.

    PubMed 29555468

  • Feld JM, Laurito CE, Beckerman M, Vincent J, Hoffman WE. Non-opioid analgesia improves pain relief and decreases sedation after gastric bypass surgery. Can J Anaesth. 2003 Apr;50(4):336-41. doi: 10.1007/BF03021029. English, French.

    PubMed 12670809

  • Soto G, Naranjo Gonzalez M, Calero F. Intravenous lidocaine infusion. Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim (Engl Ed). 2018 May;65(5):269-274. doi: 10.1016/j.redar.2018.01.004. Epub 2018 Feb 26. English, Spanish.

    PubMed 29496229

  • Weibel S, Jelting Y, Pace NL, Helf A, Eberhart LH, Hahnenkamp K, Hollmann MW, Poepping DM, Schnabel A, Kranke P. Continuous intravenous perioperative lidocaine infusion for postoperative pain and recovery in adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2018 Jun 4;6(6):CD009642. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD009642.pub3.

    PubMed 29864216

  • De Oliveira GS Jr, Duncan K, Fitzgerald P, Nader A, Gould RW, McCarthy RJ. Systemic lidocaine to improve quality of recovery after laparoscopic bariatric surgery: a randomized double-blinded placebo-controlled trial. Obes Surg. 2014 Feb;24(2):212-8. doi: 10.1007/s11695-013-1077-x.

    PubMed 24036842

  • Sakata RK, de Lima RC, Valadao JA, Leal PC, Moura EC, Cruz VP, de Oliveira CM. Randomized, Double-Blind Study of the Effect of Intraoperative Intravenous Lidocaine on the Opioid Consumption and Criteria for Hospital Discharge After Bariatric Surgery. Obes Surg. 2020 Apr;30(4):1189-1193. doi: 10.1007/s11695-019-04340-2.

    PubMed 31858394

  • Gupta C, Valecha UK, Singh SP, Varshney M. Systemic lidocaine versus ultrasound-guided transversus abdominis plane block for postoperative analgesia: A comparative randomised study in bariatric surgical patients. Indian J Anaesth. 2020 Jan;64(1):31-36. doi: 10.4103/ija.IJA_430_19. Epub 2020 Jan 7.

    PubMed 32001906

  • Laskowski K, Stirling A, McKay WP, Lim HJ. A systematic review of intravenous ketamine for postoperative analgesia. Can J Anaesth. 2011 Oct;58(10):911-23. doi: 10.1007/s12630-011-9560-0. Epub 2011 Jul 20.

    PubMed 21773855

  • Radvansky BM, Shah K, Parikh A, Sifonios AN, Le V, Eloy JD. Role of ketamine in acute postoperative pain management: a narrative review. Biomed Res Int. 2015;2015:749837. doi: 10.1155/2015/749837. Epub 2015 Oct 1.

    PubMed 26495312

Questions about this trial

What is this clinical trial studying?

A Phase 4 study testing Lidocaine Hydrochloride and Ketamine in people with Laparoscopic Bariatric Surgery, run by Mahidol University at 1 site in Thailand.

The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.

Who may be eligible to take part?

The sponsor lists 3 inclusion and 10 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.

Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?

The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 9 May 2025. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.

Where is the study taking place?

The record lists 1 site in Thailand. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.

What are the possible benefits and risks?

They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. Some participants in this study may receive a placebo. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.

What does this phase mean?

Phase 4 studies take place after a treatment is approved, to learn more about its long-term benefits and risks in everyday use.

Not every study follows the same path, and some studies (observational studies, device studies) have no phase.

Are results available for this study?

The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.

How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?

The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.

What does the primary outcome measure?

Opioid consumption (time frame: 24-hour). The study lists 2 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.

Where can I read the original study information?

On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT04524130, which also lists 19 linked publications.

Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?

No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.

How often is this information updated?

AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 9 May 2025.

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