Relapsed Pediatric ALLPhase 2NCT04562792
Low Dose Daunorubicin in Pediatric Relapsed/Refractory Acute Leukemia
A Phase 2 study testing Daunorubicin in people with Relapsed Pediatric ALL and Relapsed Pediatric AML, run by Children's Mercy Hospital Kansas City at 1 site in United States.
Trial summary
In this pilot study, eligible pediatric patients will be treated with 5 consecutive days of low dose daunorubicin. All patients who receive low dose daunorubicin will be evaluated daily for potential toxicity during those 5 days. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 1 year to 21 years
- Conditions the study is for
- Relapsed Pediatric ALL, Relapsed Pediatric AML, Refractory Acute Myeloid Leukemia
- What is being tested?
- Daunorubicin
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 1 participants
- Where
- 1 siteUnited States
- Study dates
- 8 May 2020to 30 Jun 2022
- Phase
- Phase 2
- Are there results?
- Yes, posted in the registrySummary in the doctors' view
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 1 year to 21 years
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Child, Adult
Who may be able to join
- Patients with pathologically confirmed ALL or AML, whose disease is refractory to two induction therapeutic attempts, or who are in 2nd or greater relapse, or who are in 1st relapse or refractory to a single therapeutic attempt but are unable to receive intensive therapy at the time of consent.
- All prior upfront therapies including bone marrow transplant are acceptable. Pulse steroids (of 5 days duration or less in the prior month) administered as part of a routine maintenance therapy are acceptable.
- Age 1 to 21 years of age, inclusive
- Established central catheter IV access
Who cannot join
- Females who are known to be pregnant or lactating
- Any Grade 3 or higher Cardiac Disorder per CTCAE version 5
- Patients with echocardiographic evidence of cardiomyopathy (shortening fraction <27% or ejection fraction <50%)
- Uncontrolled sepsis
- Absolute Blast Count >50 x10(3)/mcL at enrollment or on day 1 of study
- Direct hyperbilirubinemia >5mg/dL
Show all 12Show fewer
- Grade 3 or higher anaphylaxis to daunorubicin
- Non-English speaking
- Patients, who in the opinion of the PI, are unable to tolerate any study-specific procedures
- Patients who have received cyclosporine, tacrolimus or other agents to prevent or treat graft-vs-host disease post bone marrow transplant in the last 14 days
- Concurrent investigational drugs or other chemotherapeutic agents (excluding hydroxyurea), immunotherapies or biosimilars during the 5 days of daunorubicin.
- Prior cumulative doses of anthracyclines will not be an exclusion regardless of the total cumulative dose previously received.
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
United States1 site
Children's Mercy Hospital
Kansas City, Missouri, 64108
About this study
Official title: A Pilot Study of Targeted Daunorubicin Dosing to Overcome Chemotherapeutic Resistance in Children With Relapsed or Refractory Acute Leukemia
In this pilot study, eligible pediatric patients will be treated with 5 consecutive days of low dose daunorubicin. All patients who receive low dose daunorubicin will be evaluated daily for potential toxicity during those 5 days. Once the patient has received 5 doses of daunorubicin, subsequent therapy will be at the discretion of the primary oncology team.
Read the detailed description
Cancer remains the number one cause of non-accidental death in children with leukemia being the most common type of childhood cancer. Although cure rates for pediatric leukemia have greatly improved over the last few years, relapsed disease still carries a poor prognosis. Outcomes for children with multiply relapsed leukemia are dismal ranging from a remission rate of 25% in AML after 2 relapses falling to 17% after 3 or more relapses and 44% in ALL after 2 relapses and 27% after 3 or more relapses.
Leukemia stem cells that are resistant to chemotherapy primarily contribute to treatment failure and targeting these cells remains a challenge. Anthracyclines such as daunorubicin and doxorubicin have been the mainstays of childhood leukemia therapy for over 50 years. Prior investigations found that very low doses, significantly less than traditionally given, of doxorubicin and daunorubicin inhibit the interaction of Akt and beta catenin pathways which is known to drive the development of leukemia stem cells and chemoresistance. Mice models showed that treatment with these very low dose anthracyclines does not suppress the immune system but rather expands cancer targeting T cells while inhibiting populations known to help cancer cells evade the immune system. In addition, targeted treatment reduced immune checkpoint expression, a known cause of resistance, on leukemia stem cells, thus further sensitizing them to cytotoxic T cells. Standard doses of anthracyclines suppress hematopoiesis and in turn the immune system and thus do not permit the expression of these immunologic benefits.
Patients with relapsed and/or refractory acute lymphoblastic leukemia or acute myeloid leukemia, ages 1-21 years, will be approached to participate in this study. These patients must have pathologically confirmed ALL or AML, whose disease is refractory to two induction therapeutic attempts, or who are in 2nd or greater relapse, or who are in 1st relapse or refractory to a single therapeutic attempt but are unable to receive intensive therapy due to other comorbidities. Patients will receive daunorubicin at 6.75mg/m2 daily for 5 consecutive days for a total dose of 33.75mg/m2.
The primary objective of this study is to assess the feasibility and tolerability of low dose daunorubicin. Another objective of the study is to validate if T cell based immune responses against chemoresistant leukemia stem cells are stimulated at these lower doses of daunorubicin, in hopes to provide preliminary pediatric data for further research with the hypothesis being that targeted anthracycline treatment does in fact stimulate T cell based immune responses against chemoresistant leukemia stem cells. Samples will be analyzed by flow cytometry for stem cell and immune markers. The third primary objective is to identify pro vs anti-cancer cellular immune responses of targeted anthracycline treatment in these patients. The mechanism of low dose DNR treatment on activating immunogenic cell death (ICD) will be investigated by determining relative levels of damage-associated molecular patterns. The tumorigenic capacity of resistant populations such as LSCs expressing high levels of immune checkpoints will be tested. The secondary objective of this study is to evaluate the pharmacokinetic parameters of low dose daunorubicin in children with relapsed/refractory AML and ALL. Blood samples for evaluation of low dose daunorubicin pharmacokinetics (area under the time concentration curve, maximum concentration, elimination half-life, clearance) will be drawn prior to dosing and 5min, 20min, 40min, 1hr, 2hrs, 4hrs, 8hrs, and 24hrs only after the first day of dosing.
Once the patient has received 5 doses of daunorubicin, subsequent therapy will be at the discretion of the primary oncology team.
- Conditions
- Relapsed Pediatric ALL, Relapsed Pediatric AML, Refractory Acute Myeloid Leukemia, Refractory Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
- Being tested
- Daunorubicin
- Medical subject headings
- Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma, Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
DaunorubicinDrug
Eligible patients with relapsed and/or refractory acute leukemia will receive daunorubicin 6.75mg/m2 daily for 5 consecutive days.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Patients with relapsed/refractory ALL and AML | Experimental | Patients in this arm will receive daunorubicin 6.75mg/m2 daily for 5 consecutive days. Receives: Drug: Daunorubicin |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Incidence of Low Dose Daunorubicin Feasbility as Assessed by Absolute Blast Count
Feasibility failure due to progressive leukemia is defined as a rise in absolute blast count (ABC) of >10,000/day on two consecutive days that continues to increase >10,000/day after starting hydroxyurea.
Measured: 24 months
Incidence of Low Dose Daunorubicin Feasbility as Assessed by Extramedullary Leukemia Progression
Low dose daunorubicin will also be deemed not feasible if there is evidence of progression of extramedullary leukemia such progression of chloroma or leukemia cutis. or if the patient experiences uncontrollable nausea and/or vomiting.
Measured: 24 months
Incidence of Low Dose Daunorubicin Feasbility as Assessed by Patient Symptoms
Low dose daunorubicin will also be deemed not feasible if the patient experiences uncontrollable nausea and/or vomiting.
Measured: 24 months
T-cell Based Immune Responses Against Chemoresistant Leukemia Stem Cells (LSC) Are Stimulated at Lower Doses of Daunorubicin to Provide Preliminary Data for Further Research.
Leukemia stem cells (LSCs) are known to be resistant to chemotherapy which may lead to treatment failure. In vitro studies have shown that targeted anthracycline treatment reduces immune checkpoint expression on LSCs, potentially sensitizing LSCs to cytotoxic T-cells. This will be measured in our study.
Measured: 24 months
The Pro- vs. Anti-cancer Cellular Immune Response of Targeted Anthracycline Treatment in Patients With Relapsed/Refractory Acute Leukemia
Chemotherapy is typically administered at maximum tolerated doses which leads to secondary immunosuppression. In other words, beneficial immunologic side effects can be weakened if chemotherapy is given at high doses. The Wnt pathway (which plays a key role in chemoresistance of LSCs) reduces T cell recruitment to tumors. Available data in murine models indicates that targeted anthracycline treatment expands cancer-targeting T-cells while inhibiting populations known to help cancer cells evade the immune system. This will be measured in our study.
Measured: 24 months
Secondary outcomes (4)
Pharmacokinetic Parameters of Low Dose Daunorubicin in Children With Relapsed/Refractory AML and ALL as Assessed by Maximum Concentration.
Serial daunorubicin levels for evaluation of maximum concentration will be drawn prior to infusion and at 5, 20 and 40 minutes and at hours 1,2,4,8 and 24 post infusion.
Measured: 24 months
Pharmacokinetic Parameters of Low Dose Daunorubicin in Children With Relapsed/Refractory AML and ALL as Assessed by Time at Maximum Concentration.
Serial daunorubicin levels for evaluation of time at maximum concentration will be drawn prior to infusion and at 5, 20 and 40 minutes and hours 1,2,4,8 and 24 post infusion.
Measured: 24 months
Pharmacokinetic Parameters of Low Dose Daunorubicin in Children With Relapsed/Refractory AML and ALL as Assessed by Area Under the Curve.
Serial daunorubicin levels for evaluation of exposure by measuring area under the curve will be drawn prior to infusion and at 5, 20 and 40 minutes and hours 1,2,4,8 and 24 post infusion.
Measured: 24 months
Pharmacokinetic Parameters of Low Dose Daunorubicin in Children With Relapsed/Refractory AML and ALL as Assessed by Elimination Half-life
Serial daunorubicin levels for evaluation of exposure by measuring elimination half-life will be drawn prior to infusion and at 5, 20 and 40 minutes and hours 1,2,4,8 and 24 post infusion.
Measured: 24 months
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted24 Sep 2020
- Study start8 May 2020
- Primary completion30 Jun 2022
- Study completion30 Jun 2022
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Posted resultsParticipant flow, outcome measures and adverse events reported by the sponsor.
- Publications (11)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Relapsed Pediatric ALLStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase 2
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Not applicable
- Intervention model
- Single group
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 1 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Children's Mercy Hospital Kansas City
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Chandni Dargan, MD, Principal investigator, Children's Mercy Hospital Kansas City
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT04562792
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- STUDY00001114
- Status last verified
- Jun 2023
- First submitted
- 28 Aug 2020
- Last updated
- 28 Jun 2023
- Results posted
- Yes, on ClinicalTrials.gov
- Data monitoring committee
- Yes
- FDA-regulated drug
- Yes
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
Ward E, DeSantis C, Robbins A, Kohler B, Jemal A. Childhood and adolescent cancer statistics, 2014. CA Cancer J Clin. 2014 Mar-Apr;64(2):83-103. doi: 10.3322/caac.21219. Epub 2014 Jan 31.
PubMed 24488779Nguyen K, Devidas M, Cheng SC, La M, Raetz EA, Carroll WL, Winick NJ, Hunger SP, Gaynon PS, Loh ML; Children's Oncology Group. Factors influencing survival after relapse from acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a Children's Oncology Group study. Leukemia. 2008 Dec;22(12):2142-50. doi: 10.1038/leu.2008.251. Epub 2008 Sep 25.
PubMed 18818707Borowitz MJ, Devidas M, Hunger SP, Bowman WP, Carroll AJ, Carroll WL, Linda S, Martin PL, Pullen DJ, Viswanatha D, Willman CL, Winick N, Camitta BM; Children's Oncology Group. Clinical significance of minimal residual disease in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia and its relationship to other prognostic factors: a Children's Oncology Group study. Blood. 2008 Jun 15;111(12):5477-85. doi: 10.1182/blood-2008-01-132837. Epub 2008 Apr 3.
PubMed 18388178Armenian SH. Improving screening practices in childhood cancer survivors at risk for treatment-related heart failure. J Clin Oncol. 2014 Dec 10;32(35):3923-5. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2014.58.5562. Epub 2014 Nov 3. No abstract available.
PubMed 25366690Oeffinger KC, Mertens AC, Sklar CA, Kawashima T, Hudson MM, Meadows AT, Friedman DL, Marina N, Hobbie W, Kadan-Lottick NS, Schwartz CL, Leisenring W, Robison LL; Childhood Cancer Survivor Study. Chronic health conditions in adult survivors of childhood cancer. N Engl J Med. 2006 Oct 12;355(15):1572-82. doi: 10.1056/NEJMsa060185.
PubMed 17035650Reulen RC, Winter DL, Frobisher C, Lancashire ER, Stiller CA, Jenney ME, Skinner R, Stevens MC, Hawkins MM; British Childhood Cancer Survivor Study Steering Group. Long-term cause-specific mortality among survivors of childhood cancer. JAMA. 2010 Jul 14;304(2):172-9. doi: 10.1001/jama.2010.923.
PubMed 20628130Blanco JG, Sun CL, Landier W, Chen L, Esparza-Duran D, Leisenring W, Mays A, Friedman DL, Ginsberg JP, Hudson MM, Neglia JP, Oeffinger KC, Ritchey AK, Villaluna D, Relling MV, Bhatia S. Anthracycline-related cardiomyopathy after childhood cancer: role of polymorphisms in carbonyl reductase genes--a report from the Children's Oncology Group. J Clin Oncol. 2012 May 1;30(13):1415-21. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2011.34.8987. Epub 2011 Nov 28.
PubMed 22124095van Nimwegen FA, Ntentas G, Darby SC, Schaapveld M, Hauptmann M, Lugtenburg PJ, Janus CPM, Daniels L, van Leeuwen FE, Cutter DJ, Aleman BMP. Risk of heart failure in survivors of Hodgkin lymphoma: effects of cardiac exposure to radiation and anthracyclines. Blood. 2017 Apr 20;129(16):2257-2265. doi: 10.1182/blood-2016-09-740332. Epub 2017 Jan 31.
PubMed 28143884Felker GM, Thompson RE, Hare JM, Hruban RH, Clemetson DE, Howard DL, Baughman KL, Kasper EK. Underlying causes and long-term survival in patients with initially unexplained cardiomyopathy. N Engl J Med. 2000 Apr 13;342(15):1077-84. doi: 10.1056/NEJM200004133421502.
PubMed 10760308Huang J, Nguyen-McCarty M, Hexner EO, Danet-Desnoyers G, Klein PS. Maintenance of hematopoietic stem cells through regulation of Wnt and mTOR pathways. Nat Med. 2012 Dec;18(12):1778-85. doi: 10.1038/nm.2984. Epub 2012 Nov 11.
PubMed 23142822Korkaya H, Paulson A, Charafe-Jauffret E, Ginestier C, Brown M, Dutcher J, Clouthier SG, Wicha MS. Regulation of mammary stem/progenitor cells by PTEN/Akt/beta-catenin signaling. PLoS Biol. 2009 Jun 2;7(6):e1000121. doi: 10.1371/journal.pbio.1000121. Epub 2009 Jun 2.
PubMed 19492080
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 28 Jun 2023. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- A Pilot Study of Targeted Daunorubicin Dosing to Overcome Chemotherapeutic Resistance in Children With Relapsed or Refractory Acute Leukemia
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT04562792
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- STUDY00001114
- Conditions
- Relapsed Pediatric ALL, Relapsed Pediatric AML, Refractory Acute Myeloid Leukemia, Refractory Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
- Phase
- Phase 2
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 1 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Children's Mercy Hospital Kansas CityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 8 May 2020 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 30 Jun 2022 (actual)
- Study completion
- 30 Jun 2022 (actual)
- First posted
- 24 Sep 2020 (actual)
- Results
- Posted 6 May 2023
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
In this pilot study, eligible pediatric patients will be treated with 5 consecutive days of low dose daunorubicin. All patients who receive low dose daunorubicin will be evaluated daily for potential toxicity during those 5 days. Once the patient has received 5 doses of daunorubicin, subsequent therapy will be at the discretion of the primary oncology team.
Detailed description
Cancer remains the number one cause of non-accidental death in children with leukemia being the most common type of childhood cancer. Although cure rates for pediatric leukemia have greatly improved over the last few years, relapsed disease still carries a poor prognosis. Outcomes for children with multiply relapsed leukemia are dismal ranging from a remission rate of 25% in AML after 2 relapses falling to 17% after 3 or more relapses and 44% in ALL after 2 relapses and 27% after 3 or more relapses.
Leukemia stem cells that are resistant to chemotherapy primarily contribute to treatment failure and targeting these cells remains a challenge. Anthracyclines such as daunorubicin and doxorubicin have been the mainstays of childhood leukemia therapy for over 50 years. Prior investigations found that very low doses, significantly less than traditionally given, of doxorubicin and daunorubicin inhibit the interaction of Akt and beta catenin pathways which is known to drive the development of leukemia stem cells and chemoresistance. Mice models showed that treatment with these very low dose anthracyclines does not suppress the immune system but rather expands cancer targeting T cells while inhibiting populations known to help cancer cells evade the immune system. In addition, targeted treatment reduced immune checkpoint expression, a known cause of resistance, on leukemia stem cells, thus further sensitizing them to cytotoxic T cells. Standard doses of anthracyclines suppress hematopoiesis and in turn the immune system and thus do not permit the expression of these immunologic benefits.
Patients with relapsed and/or refractory acute lymphoblastic leukemia or acute myeloid leukemia, ages 1-21 years, will be approached to participate in this study. These patients must have pathologically confirmed ALL or AML, whose disease is refractory to two induction therapeutic attempts, or who are in 2nd or greater relapse, or who are in 1st relapse or refractory to a single therapeutic attempt but are unable to receive intensive therapy due to other comorbidities. Patients will receive daunorubicin at 6.75mg/m2 daily for 5 consecutive days for a total dose of 33.75mg/m2.
The primary objective of this study is to assess the feasibility and tolerability of low dose daunorubicin. Another objective of the study is to validate if T cell based immune responses against chemoresistant leukemia stem cells are stimulated at these lower doses of daunorubicin, in hopes to provide preliminary pediatric data for further research with the hypothesis being that targeted anthracycline treatment does in fact stimulate T cell based immune responses against chemoresistant leukemia stem cells. Samples will be analyzed by flow cytometry for stem cell and immune markers. The third primary objective is to identify pro vs anti-cancer cellular immune responses of targeted anthracycline treatment in these patients. The mechanism of low dose DNR treatment on activating immunogenic cell death (ICD) will be investigated by determining relative levels of damage-associated molecular patterns. The tumorigenic capacity of resistant populations such as LSCs expressing high levels of immune checkpoints will be tested. The secondary objective of this study is to evaluate the pharmacokinetic parameters of low dose daunorubicin in children with relapsed/refractory AML and ALL. Blood samples for evaluation of low dose daunorubicin pharmacokinetics (area under the time concentration curve, maximum concentration, elimination half-life, clearance) will be drawn prior to dosing and 5min, 20min, 40min, 1hr, 2hrs, 4hrs, 8hrs, and 24hrs only after the first day of dosing.
Once the patient has received 5 doses of daunorubicin, subsequent therapy will be at the discretion of the primary oncology team.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Not applicable
- Intervention model
- Single group
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 1
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Patients with relapsed/refractory ALL and AML | Experimental | Drug: DaunorubicinPatients in this arm will receive daunorubicin 6.75mg/m2 daily for 5 consecutive days. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 1 year to 21 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Child, Adult
Key inclusion criteria (4 listed)
- Patients with pathologically confirmed ALL or AML, whose disease is refractory to two induction therapeutic attempts, or who are in 2nd or greater relapse, or who are in 1st relapse or refractory to a single therapeutic attempt but are unable to receive intensive therapy at the time of consent.
- All prior upfront therapies including bone marrow transplant are acceptable. Pulse steroids (of 5 days duration or less in the prior month) administered as part of a routine maintenance therapy are acceptable.
- Age 1 to 21 years of age, inclusive
- Established central catheter IV access
Key exclusion criteria (12 listed)
- Females who are known to be pregnant or lactating
- Any Grade 3 or higher Cardiac Disorder per CTCAE version 5
- Patients with echocardiographic evidence of cardiomyopathy (shortening fraction <27% or ejection fraction <50%)
- Uncontrolled sepsis
- Absolute Blast Count >50 x10(3)/mcL at enrollment or on day 1 of study
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| DaunorubicinEligible patients with relapsed and/or refractory acute leukemia will receive daunorubicin 6.75mg/m2 daily for 5 consecutive days. | Drug | Patients with relapsed/refractory ALL and AML |
Primary outcome
Incidence of Low Dose Daunorubicin Feasbility as Assessed by Absolute Blast Count
Time frame: 24 months
Feasibility failure due to progressive leukemia is defined as a rise in absolute blast count (ABC) of >10,000/day on two consecutive days that continues to increase >10,000/day after starting hydroxyurea.
Incidence of Low Dose Daunorubicin Feasbility as Assessed by Extramedullary Leukemia Progression
Time frame: 24 months
Low dose daunorubicin will also be deemed not feasible if there is evidence of progression of extramedullary leukemia such progression of chloroma or leukemia cutis. or if the patient experiences uncontrollable nausea and/or vomiting.
Incidence of Low Dose Daunorubicin Feasbility as Assessed by Patient Symptoms
Time frame: 24 months
Low dose daunorubicin will also be deemed not feasible if the patient experiences uncontrollable nausea and/or vomiting.
T-cell Based Immune Responses Against Chemoresistant Leukemia Stem Cells (LSC) Are Stimulated at Lower Doses of Daunorubicin to Provide Preliminary Data for Further Research.
Time frame: 24 months
Leukemia stem cells (LSCs) are known to be resistant to chemotherapy which may lead to treatment failure. In vitro studies have shown that targeted anthracycline treatment reduces immune checkpoint expression on LSCs, potentially sensitizing LSCs to cytotoxic T-cells. This will be measured in our study.
The Pro- vs. Anti-cancer Cellular Immune Response of Targeted Anthracycline Treatment in Patients With Relapsed/Refractory Acute Leukemia
Time frame: 24 months
Chemotherapy is typically administered at maximum tolerated doses which leads to secondary immunosuppression. In other words, beneficial immunologic side effects can be weakened if chemotherapy is given at high doses. The Wnt pathway (which plays a key role in chemoresistance of LSCs) reduces T cell recruitment to tumors. Available data in murine models indicates that targeted anthracycline treatment expands cancer-targeting T-cells while inhibiting populations known to help cancer cells evade the immune system. This will be measured in our study.
4 secondary outcomes
Pharmacokinetic Parameters of Low Dose Daunorubicin in Children With Relapsed/Refractory AML and ALL as Assessed by Maximum Concentration.
Time frame: 24 months
Pharmacokinetic Parameters of Low Dose Daunorubicin in Children With Relapsed/Refractory AML and ALL as Assessed by Time at Maximum Concentration.
Time frame: 24 months
Pharmacokinetic Parameters of Low Dose Daunorubicin in Children With Relapsed/Refractory AML and ALL as Assessed by Area Under the Curve.
Time frame: 24 months
Pharmacokinetic Parameters of Low Dose Daunorubicin in Children With Relapsed/Refractory AML and ALL as Assessed by Elimination Half-life
Time frame: 24 months
Results and safety
Loading the posted results from ClinicalTrials.gov…
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 28 Jun 2023.
- Posted resultsParticipant flow, baseline, all outcome measures and adverse events.
- Background: PubMed 24488779Ward E, DeSantis C, Robbins A, Kohler B, Jemal A. Childhood and adolescent cancer statistics, 2014. CA Cancer J Clin. 2014 Mar-Apr;64(2):83-103. doi: 10.3322/caac.21219. Epub 2014 Jan 31.
- Background: PubMed 18818707Nguyen K, Devidas M, Cheng SC, La M, Raetz EA, Carroll WL, Winick NJ, Hunger SP, Gaynon PS, Loh ML; Children's Oncology Group. Factors influencing survival after relapse from acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a Children's Oncology Group study. Leukemia. 2008 Dec;22(12):2142-50. doi: 10.1038/leu.2008.251. Epub 2008 Sep 25.
- Background: PubMed 18388178Borowitz MJ, Devidas M, Hunger SP, Bowman WP, Carroll AJ, Carroll WL, Linda S, Martin PL, Pullen DJ, Viswanatha D, Willman CL, Winick N, Camitta BM; Children's Oncology Group. Clinical significance of minimal residual disease in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia and its relationship to other prognostic factors: a Children's Oncology Group study. Blood. 2008 Jun 15;111(12):5477-85. doi: 10.1182/blood-2008-01-132837. Epub 2008 Apr 3.
- Background: PubMed 25366690Armenian SH. Improving screening practices in childhood cancer survivors at risk for treatment-related heart failure. J Clin Oncol. 2014 Dec 10;32(35):3923-5. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2014.58.5562. Epub 2014 Nov 3. No abstract available.
- Background: PubMed 17035650Oeffinger KC, Mertens AC, Sklar CA, Kawashima T, Hudson MM, Meadows AT, Friedman DL, Marina N, Hobbie W, Kadan-Lottick NS, Schwartz CL, Leisenring W, Robison LL; Childhood Cancer Survivor Study. Chronic health conditions in adult survivors of childhood cancer. N Engl J Med. 2006 Oct 12;355(15):1572-82. doi: 10.1056/NEJMsa060185.
- Background: PubMed 20628130Reulen RC, Winter DL, Frobisher C, Lancashire ER, Stiller CA, Jenney ME, Skinner R, Stevens MC, Hawkins MM; British Childhood Cancer Survivor Study Steering Group. Long-term cause-specific mortality among survivors of childhood cancer. JAMA. 2010 Jul 14;304(2):172-9. doi: 10.1001/jama.2010.923.
- Background: PubMed 22124095Blanco JG, Sun CL, Landier W, Chen L, Esparza-Duran D, Leisenring W, Mays A, Friedman DL, Ginsberg JP, Hudson MM, Neglia JP, Oeffinger KC, Ritchey AK, Villaluna D, Relling MV, Bhatia S. Anthracycline-related cardiomyopathy after childhood cancer: role of polymorphisms in carbonyl reductase genes--a report from the Children's Oncology Group. J Clin Oncol. 2012 May 1;30(13):1415-21. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2011.34.8987. Epub 2011 Nov 28.
- Background: PubMed 28143884van Nimwegen FA, Ntentas G, Darby SC, Schaapveld M, Hauptmann M, Lugtenburg PJ, Janus CPM, Daniels L, van Leeuwen FE, Cutter DJ, Aleman BMP. Risk of heart failure in survivors of Hodgkin lymphoma: effects of cardiac exposure to radiation and anthracyclines. Blood. 2017 Apr 20;129(16):2257-2265. doi: 10.1182/blood-2016-09-740332. Epub 2017 Jan 31.
- Background: PubMed 10760308Felker GM, Thompson RE, Hare JM, Hruban RH, Clemetson DE, Howard DL, Baughman KL, Kasper EK. Underlying causes and long-term survival in patients with initially unexplained cardiomyopathy. N Engl J Med. 2000 Apr 13;342(15):1077-84. doi: 10.1056/NEJM200004133421502.
- Background: PubMed 23142822Huang J, Nguyen-McCarty M, Hexner EO, Danet-Desnoyers G, Klein PS. Maintenance of hematopoietic stem cells through regulation of Wnt and mTOR pathways. Nat Med. 2012 Dec;18(12):1778-85. doi: 10.1038/nm.2984. Epub 2012 Nov 11.
- Background: PubMed 19492080Korkaya H, Paulson A, Charafe-Jauffret E, Ginestier C, Brown M, Dutcher J, Clouthier SG, Wicha MS. Regulation of mammary stem/progenitor cells by PTEN/Akt/beta-catenin signaling. PLoS Biol. 2009 Jun 2;7(6):e1000121. doi: 10.1371/journal.pbio.1000121. Epub 2009 Jun 2.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Solid Tumor, Central Nervous System Tumor
Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Chandni Dargan, MD principal investigator
Children's Mercy Hospital Kansas City
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A Phase 2 study testing Daunorubicin in people with Relapsed Pediatric ALL and Relapsed Pediatric AML, run by Children's Mercy Hospital Kansas City at 1 site in United States.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 4 inclusion and 12 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 28 Jun 2023. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in United States. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
What does this phase mean?
Phase 2 studies give the treatment to a larger group to see whether it has the intended effect and to keep checking safety.
Not every study follows the same path, and some studies (observational studies, device studies) have no phase.
Are results available for this study?
Yes. Results are posted in the registry (first posted 6 May 2023). A summary is in the For doctors view, and the full results are on ClinicalTrials.gov.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Incidence of Low Dose Daunorubicin Feasbility as Assessed by Absolute Blast Count (time frame: 24 months). The study lists 5 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT04562792, which also lists 11 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 28 Jun 2023.