Hamstring MusclesNCT04563611
Effect of Exercises on Hamstring Muscle Function, Injury Risk, Agility and Cognitive Function
A study testing Turkish Get-up exercise, Askling L-Protocol and Nordic hamstring exercise in people with Hamstring Muscles and Muscle Function, run by Ankara Yildirim Beyazıt University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
Trial summary
Hamstring muscle injuries (HMI) occurs frequently during excessive motions of the physiologic capability of these muscles. It is reported in the literature that impairments in muscle architecture, such as a decrease in the eccentric strength of the hamstring muscles of the knee (lengthening and contraction of the… Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 25 years, men onlyHealthy volunteers can take part
- Conditions the study is for
- Hamstring Muscles, Muscle Function, Cognitive Function
- What is being tested?
- Turkish Get-up exercise, Askling L-Protocol and Nordic hamstring exercise
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 52 participants
- Where
- 1 siteTurkey (Türkiye)
- Study dates
- 9 Feb 2021to 14 Feb 2022
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 25 years
- Men only
- Healthy volunteers accepted
- Adult
Who may be able to join
- Being between the ages of 18-25
- Body mass index (BMI) being between 18.5-24.9 kg / m 2
- Volunteering to participate in the study
- Having the skills to do the tests and exercises to be applied
- Being a healthy recreationally active male individual (Individuals with sufficient physical activity level according to the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) Short form (> 3000 metabolic equivalent (MET) -min / week) will be included)
Who cannot join
- Having a history of lower extremity injury and / or hamstring strain within the past year
- Having a sensory problem that prevents participation in the study
- Have any musculoskeletal, neurological, respiratory, or cardiovascular risk factors that limit exercise
- Using drugs or nutritional supplements that can be considered doping according to the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA)
- Having a history of malignant disease
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
Turkey (Türkiye)1 site
Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation
Ankara, Etlik, 06010
About this study
Official title: Effect of Turkish Get Up and Hamstring Exercises on Hamstring Muscle Function, Injury Risk, Agility and Cognitive Function
Hamstring muscle injuries (HMI) occurs frequently during excessive motions of the physiologic capability of these muscles. It is reported in the literature that impairments in muscle architecture, such as a decrease in the eccentric strength of the hamstring muscles of the knee (lengthening and contraction of the muscle), delay in the reaction time of the hamstring muscles, overactivity of the hamstring muscles, a decrease in the length of the hamstring muscle fibers, and inadequate cognitive functions may lead to HMI. Preventive and therapeutic exercises of HMI consist many different eccentric exercises, such as the Askling L-protocol and particularly Nordic hamstring exercise, for increasing the hamstring flexibility. However, it has been stated in recent studies that hamstring muscles should not be focused on alone, and a holistic exercise intervention that includes and addresses the present risk factors related to HMI is needed. Within our knowledge, the effect of a defined or improved holistic exercise approach to prevent and/or treat HMI has not been studied in the literature. Considering the risk factors underlying HMI, an exercise involving a holistic approach is needed to prevent all the risk factors. Turkish Get Up (TGU) exercise is a kind of cognitive exercise which activates all muscles and let to contract simultaneously during standing up from the supine position and turning back in 7 stages. Since the exercise originates from former Turkish athletes, it has been included in the literature as TGU. Hence, the exercise originates from former Turkish athletes, it has called as TGU. TGU exercise improves the effective and strong transition ability of the body while developing the pattern of standing up from the lying position on the floor and turning back by increasing condition/ endurance. Meanwhile, this exercise is a progressive coordinative and cognitive exercise, it requires completing each step before the next movement.
The role of cognitive skills and neuroscience in the interpretation, prediction and improvement of sports performance is getting popular in recent years. Previous researches reported that athletes with reduced cognitive skills had lower sportive achievements. It has also stated that the impairment in cognitive skills tend muscles to be injured. However, no studies that investigate the effectiveness of cognitive function in preventing HMI have been encountered. So, the present study will be the first study investigating effects of a special exercise addressing cognitive function which is generally ignored in the treatment of HMI.
Read more
It is aimed to figure out whether Turkish Get Up exercise or Supine sliding leg curls and Nordic Hamstring exercises are more effective on hamstring muscle function, ınjury risk, agility and cognitive function.
Healthy recreational people aged between 18-25 will assign to this study. The participants will randomly be allocated four groups (Nordic protocol group, Supine sliding leg curls group, Turkish Get Up (TGU) and control group). The exercise protocols will be applied two days a week for 6 weeks, and the control group will receive no special exercise training. Participants' hamstring muscle strengths will be evaluated with ISOMED 2000 isokinetic dynamometer, the hamstring flexibility with digital inclinometer device, injury risk with FMS™, agility with T-agility test, and the cognitive function with CNS Vital Signs in computer environment at baseline and 6 weeks after interventions.
- Conditions
- Hamstring Muscles, Muscle Function, Cognitive Function, Turkish Get Up
- Being tested
- Turkish Get-up exercise, Askling L-Protocol, Nordic hamstring exercise, Control Group
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Turkish Get-up exerciseOther
TG exercise, in 7 different steps (1. Starting position, 2. Supine girya lifting, 3. Elbow supported kettlebell lifting, 4. Hand supported kettlebell lifting, 5. High bridge, 6. Half above knee and lunge position, 7. Standing up) and the return of these different steps.
Askling L-ProtocolOther
he protocol consists of 3 different exercises. These are exercise 1 aimed at increasing flexibility, exercise 2 providing strength and trunk / pelvis stabilization, and exercise 3 aiming at specific strengthening. Pain is not allowed to be provoked when performing the exercises.
Nordic hamstring exerciseOther
To perform this exercise, participants will be asked to stand in an upright position on their knees. Hands and arms will be positioned on the chest and the individuals will be held by the physiotherapist at their heels. The individual will then be asked to lower the upper body forward as slowly as possible. Verbal commands will be given throughout the movement so that the hip and trunk smoothness is not disturbed.
Control GroupOther
No exercise will be applied to the individuals in the control group. At the end of the 6-week period, all parameters will be evaluated again.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Muscle strength | No intervention | Participants hamstring muscle strengths will be evaluated with ISOMED 2000 isokinetic dynamometer |
| Hamstring Flexibility | No intervention | In this study, Individuals' evaluations of hamstring flexibility will be assessed by the active knee extension test (ICC: 0.96) with maximum hip flexion. |
| Cognitive Function | No intervention | The lower (reaction time and visual-perceptual ability) and upper level (working memory, inhibitory control, and cognitive flexibility) cognitive functions of the individuals participating in the study will be evaluated with the computer assisted CNSVS test battery |
| Injury risk | No intervention | Injury risk analysis of individuals will be made using the strength differences between the two sides, H: Q ratios (conventional and functional ratio) and functional movement screen (FMS), which will be obtained from the isokinetic measurement results. |
| Nordic hamstring exercise | Experimental | To perform this exercise, participants will be asked to stand in an upright position on their knees. The hands and arms will be positioned on the chest and held by the physical therapist at the heels of the individuals. The individual will then be asked to lower the upper body forward as slowly as possible. Verbal commands will be given throughout the movement so that the hip and trunk smoothness is not disturbed Receives: Other: Nordic hamstring exercise; Other: Control Group |
| Supine Sliding Leg Curls | Experimental | The persons will be started to exercise in the hook position, with hands-on their back, with their knees next to the body, in a flexion position of approximately 60 °. Participants will be asked to first build a bridge, then maintain this position and slowly slide the slippery apparatus under their feet to bring their knees to full extension. Receives: Other: Askling L-Protocol; Other: Control Group |
| Turkish Get-up exercise | Experimental | TG exercise, in 7 different steps (1. Starting position, 2. Supine girya lifting, 3. Elbow supported kettlebell lifting, 4. Hand supported kettlebell lifting, 5. High bridge, 6. Half above knee and lunge position, 7. Standing up) and the return of these different steps. Receives: Other: Turkish Get-up exercise; Other: Control Group |
| Agility | No intervention | Agility performances of individuals will be evaluated with the Agility T-test. |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Hamstring Muscle Strength
Participants hamstring muscle strengths will be evaluated with ISOMED 2000 isokinetic dynamometer
Measured: 6 weeks
Hamstring Flexibility
In this study, Individuals' evaluations of hamstring flexibility will be assessed by the active knee extension test (ICC: 0.96) with maximum hip flexion.
Measured: 6 weeks
Cognitive Function
The lower (reaction time and visual-perceptual ability) and upper level (working memory, inhibitory control, and cognitive flexibility) cognitive functions of the individuals participating in the study will be evaluated with the computer assisted CNSVS test battery
Measured: 6 weeks
Injury risk
Injury risk analysis of individuals will be made using the strength differences between the two sides, H: Q ratios (conventional and functional ratio) and functional movement screen (FMS), which will be obtained from the isokinetic measurement results.
Measured: 6 weeks
Agility
Agility performances of individuals will be evaluated with the Agility T test.
Measured: 6 weeks
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted24 Sep 2020
- Study start9 Feb 2021
- Primary completion21 Apr 2021
- Study completion14 Feb 2022
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for Hamstring MusclesStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Model description
- Healthy recreational people aged between 18-25 will assign to this study. The participants will randomly be allocated four groups (Nordic protocol group, Supine sliding leg curls group, Turkish Get Up (TGU) and control group).
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Enrolment
- 52 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Ankara Yildirim Beyazıt University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, caglar soylu, Ankara Yildirim Beyazıt University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT04563611
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- 2020-79/38
- Status last verified
- Feb 2022
- First submitted
- 21 Sep 2020
- Last updated
- 15 Feb 2022
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- Yes
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 15 Feb 2022. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Effect of Turkish Get Up and Hamstring Exercises on Hamstring Muscle Function, Injury Risk, Agility and Cognitive Function
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT04563611
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- 2020-79/38
- Conditions
- Hamstring Muscles, Muscle Function, Cognitive Function, Turkish Get Up
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 52 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Ankara Yildirim Beyazıt UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 9 Feb 2021 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 21 Apr 2021 (actual)
- Study completion
- 14 Feb 2022 (actual)
- First posted
- 24 Sep 2020 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Hamstring muscle injuries (HMI) occurs frequently during excessive motions of the physiologic capability of these muscles. It is reported in the literature that impairments in muscle architecture, such as a decrease in the eccentric strength of the hamstring muscles of the knee (lengthening and contraction of the muscle), delay in the reaction time of the hamstring muscles, overactivity of the hamstring muscles, a decrease in the length of the hamstring muscle fibers, and inadequate cognitive functions may lead to HMI. Preventive and therapeutic exercises of HMI consist many different eccentric exercises, such as the Askling L-protocol and particularly Nordic hamstring exercise, for increasing the hamstring flexibility. However, it has been stated in recent studies that hamstring muscles should not be focused on alone, and a holistic exercise intervention that includes and addresses the present risk factors related to HMI is needed. Within our knowledge, the effect of a defined or improved holistic exercise approach to prevent and/or treat HMI has not been studied in the literature. Considering the risk factors underlying HMI, an exercise involving a holistic approach is needed to prevent all the risk factors. Turkish Get Up (TGU) exercise is a kind of cognitive exercise which activates all muscles and let to contract simultaneously during standing up from the supine position and turning back in 7 stages. Since the exercise originates from former Turkish athletes, it has been included in the literature as TGU. Hence, the exercise originates from former Turkish athletes, it has called as TGU. TGU exercise improves the effective and strong transition ability of the body while developing the pattern of standing up from the lying position on the floor and turning back by increasing condition/ endurance. Meanwhile, this exercise is a progressive coordinative and cognitive exercise, it requires completing each step before the next movement.
The role of cognitive skills and neuroscience in the interpretation, prediction and improvement of sports performance is getting popular in recent years. Previous researches reported that athletes with reduced cognitive skills had lower sportive achievements. It has also stated that the impairment in cognitive skills tend muscles to be injured. However, no studies that investigate the effectiveness of cognitive function in preventing HMI have been encountered. So, the present study will be the first study investigating effects of a special exercise addressing cognitive function which is generally ignored in the treatment of HMI.
It is aimed to figure out whether Turkish Get Up exercise or Supine sliding leg curls and Nordic Hamstring exercises are more effective on hamstring muscle function, ınjury risk, agility and cognitive function.
Healthy recreational people aged between 18-25 will assign to this study. The participants will randomly be allocated four groups (Nordic protocol group, Supine sliding leg curls group, Turkish Get Up (TGU) and control group). The exercise protocols will be applied two days a week for 6 weeks, and the control group will receive no special exercise training. Participants' hamstring muscle strengths will be evaluated with ISOMED 2000 isokinetic dynamometer, the hamstring flexibility with digital inclinometer device, injury risk with FMS™, agility with T-agility test, and the cognitive function with CNS Vital Signs in computer environment at baseline and 6 weeks after interventions.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- None (open label)
- Number of arms
- 8
- Model description
- Healthy recreational people aged between 18-25 will assign to this study. The participants will randomly be allocated four groups (Nordic protocol group, Supine sliding leg curls group, Turkish Get Up (TGU) and control group).
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Muscle strength | No intervention | –Participants hamstring muscle strengths will be evaluated with ISOMED 2000 isokinetic dynamometer |
| Hamstring Flexibility | No intervention | –In this study, Individuals' evaluations of hamstring flexibility will be assessed by the active knee extension test (ICC: 0.96) with maximum hip flexion. |
| Cognitive Function | No intervention | –The lower (reaction time and visual-perceptual ability) and upper level (working memory, inhibitory control, and cognitive flexibility) cognitive functions of the individuals participating in the study will be evaluated with the computer assisted CNSVS test battery |
| Injury risk | No intervention | –Injury risk analysis of individuals will be made using the strength differences between the two sides, H: Q ratios (conventional and functional ratio) and functional movement screen (FMS), which will be obtained from the isokinetic measurement results. |
| Nordic hamstring exercise | Experimental | Other: Nordic hamstring exercise, Other: Control GroupTo perform this exercise, participants will be asked to stand in an upright position on their knees. The hands and arms will be positioned on the chest and held by the physical therapist at the heels of the individuals. The individual will then be asked to lower the upper body forward as slowly as possible. Verbal commands will be given throughout the movement so that the hip and trunk smoothness is not disturbed |
| Supine Sliding Leg Curls | Experimental | Other: Askling L-Protocol, Other: Control GroupThe persons will be started to exercise in the hook position, with hands-on their back, with their knees next to the body, in a flexion position of approximately 60 °. Participants will be asked to first build a bridge, then maintain this position and slowly slide the slippery apparatus under their feet to bring their knees to full extension. |
| Turkish Get-up exercise | Experimental | Other: Turkish Get-up exercise, Other: Control GroupTG exercise, in 7 different steps (1. Starting position, 2. Supine girya lifting, 3. Elbow supported kettlebell lifting, 4. Hand supported kettlebell lifting, 5. High bridge, 6. Half above knee and lunge position, 7. Standing up) and the return of these different steps. |
| Agility | No intervention | –Agility performances of individuals will be evaluated with the Agility T-test. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 25 years
- Sex
- Male only
- Healthy volunteers
- Accepted
- Age groups
- Adult
Key inclusion criteria (5 listed)
- Being between the ages of 18-25
- Body mass index (BMI) being between 18.5-24.9 kg / m 2
- Volunteering to participate in the study
- Having the skills to do the tests and exercises to be applied
- Being a healthy recreationally active male individual (Individuals with sufficient physical activity level according to the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) Short form (> 3000 metabolic equivalent (MET) -min / week) will be included)
Key exclusion criteria (5 listed)
- Having a history of lower extremity injury and / or hamstring strain within the past year
- Having a sensory problem that prevents participation in the study
- Have any musculoskeletal, neurological, respiratory, or cardiovascular risk factors that limit exercise
- Using drugs or nutritional supplements that can be considered doping according to the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA)
- Having a history of malignant disease
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Turkish Get-up exerciseTG exercise, in 7 different steps (1. Starting position, 2. Supine girya lifting, 3. Elbow supported kettlebell lifting, 4. Hand supported kettlebell lifting, 5. High bridge, 6. Half above knee and lunge position, 7. Standing up) and the return of these different steps. | Other | Turkish Get-up exercise |
| Askling L-Protocolhe protocol consists of 3 different exercises. These are exercise 1 aimed at increasing flexibility, exercise 2 providing strength and trunk / pelvis stabilization, and exercise 3 aiming at specific strengthening. Pain is not allowed to be provoked when performing the exercises. | Other | Supine Sliding Leg Curls |
| Nordic hamstring exerciseTo perform this exercise, participants will be asked to stand in an upright position on their knees. Hands and arms will be positioned on the chest and the individuals will be held by the physiotherapist at their heels. The individual will then be asked to lower the upper body forward as slowly as possible. Verbal commands will be given throughout the movement so that the hip and trunk smoothness is not disturbed. | Other | Nordic hamstring exercise |
| Control GroupNo exercise will be applied to the individuals in the control group. At the end of the 6-week period, all parameters will be evaluated again. | Other | Nordic hamstring exercise, Supine Sliding Leg Curls, Turkish Get-up exercise |
Primary outcome
Hamstring Muscle Strength
Time frame: 6 weeks
Participants hamstring muscle strengths will be evaluated with ISOMED 2000 isokinetic dynamometer
Hamstring Flexibility
Time frame: 6 weeks
In this study, Individuals' evaluations of hamstring flexibility will be assessed by the active knee extension test (ICC: 0.96) with maximum hip flexion.
Cognitive Function
Time frame: 6 weeks
The lower (reaction time and visual-perceptual ability) and upper level (working memory, inhibitory control, and cognitive flexibility) cognitive functions of the individuals participating in the study will be evaluated with the computer assisted CNSVS test battery
Injury risk
Time frame: 6 weeks
Injury risk analysis of individuals will be made using the strength differences between the two sides, H: Q ratios (conventional and functional ratio) and functional movement screen (FMS), which will be obtained from the isokinetic measurement results.
Agility
Time frame: 6 weeks
Agility performances of individuals will be evaluated with the Agility T test.
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 15 Feb 2022.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
The record lists no contact. Use the official record to reach the sponsor.
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Turkish Get-up exercise, Askling L-Protocol and Nordic hamstring exercise in people with Hamstring Muscles and Muscle Function, run by Ankara Yildirim Beyazıt University at 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye).
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 5 inclusion and 5 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 15 Feb 2022. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Turkey (Türkiye). Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Hamstring Muscle Strength (time frame: 6 weeks). The study lists 5 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 15 Feb 2022; AzTrials last refreshed its copy on 31 Oct 2026.