Hypertensive UrgencyNCT04572672
Effect of Pursed-Lip Breathing on Blood Pressure and Heart Rate
A study testing Non-pharmacologic treatment; Pursed-Lip Breathing Combined with Number Counting in people with Hypertensive Urgency, run by Khon Kaen University at 1 site in Thailand.
Trial summary
Hypertensive urgency (HT urgency) is an alarm sign of uncontrolled hypertension. It can be aggravated by nonadherent to medication and psychosocial stress. Mindfulness is beneficial for reducing stress, while deep and slow breathing is effective for blood pressure (BP) lowering. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 18 to 80 years
- Conditions the study is for
- Hypertensive Urgency
- What is being tested?
- Non-pharmacologic treatment; Pursed-Lip Breathing Combined with Number Counting
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 112 participants
- Where
- 1 siteThailand
- Study dates
- 1 Sep 2019to 14 Sep 2020
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 18 to 80 years
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult, Older adult
Who may be able to join
- 18-80 years old patients who diagnosed with HT urgency, who presented at the emergency room
Who cannot join
- Patients with cardiac arrhythmias,
- Acute heart failure
- Acute coronary syndromes
- Acute stroke
- Acute respiratory failure
- Alteration of consciousness
- Pregnant women
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
Official title: Effect of Pursed-Lip Breathing Combined With Number Counting on Blood Pressure and Heart Rate in Hypertensive Urgency Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Hypertensive urgency (HT urgency) is an alarm sign of uncontrolled hypertension. It can be aggravated by nonadherent to medication and psychosocial stress. Mindfulness is beneficial for reducing stress, while deep and slow breathing is effective for blood pressure (BP) lowering. The objective of the study was to assess the effect of pursed-lip breathing with number counting (PLB with NC) that promotes mindfulness and a deep/slow breathing pattern on BP and heart rate (HR) in the HT urgency patients.
Read the detailed description
This was a single-blinded randomized controlled trial. Patients aged between 18-80 years old, diagnosed with HT urgency, who presented at the emergency room of Srinagarind hospital (a 1000-bed, tertiary-care level university hospital), Khon Kaen University between September 1st, 2019 to June 30th, 2020, were enrolled. Those with cardiac arrhythmias, acute HF, acute coronary syndromes, acute stroke, acute respiratory failure, alteration of consciousness, and pregnant women were excluded. This study was approved by the Khon Kaen University Ethical Review Board in Human Research (HE611586). All patients gave their written informed consent before the enrollment.HT urgency was defined as SBP >180 mmHg and/or DBP >110 mmHg without any signs or symptoms of target organ damages.
- Conditions
- Hypertensive Urgency
- Being tested
- Non-pharmacologic treatment; Pursed-Lip Breathing Combined with Number Counting
- Keywords
- Hypertensive crisis, Uncontrolled hypertension, Mindfulness, Slow breathing, Emergency room
- Medical subject headings
- Hypertensive Crisis, Hypoventilation, Emergencies
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Non-pharmacologic treatment; Pursed-Lip Breathing Combined with Number CountingOther
Pursed-lip breathing and number counting "one and two" during inspiration, and then number counting, "one, two, three, and four" during exhalation. The nurse advised the patient to continue pursed-lip breathing with number counting for the first 15 minutes (min) of each hour to prevent the patient from being exhausted, total study time was 3 hours, or until the patient was discharged from the ER, or was withdrawn from the study.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Purse lip breathing with number counting arm | Active comparator | 1) Position: The patient lies down in a semi-supine position, the bed is adjusted by 45-60 degrees, 2) Pursed-lip breathing and number counting "one and two" during inspiration, and 3) Number counting, "one, two, three, and four" during exhalation for the first 15 minutes (min) of each hour, total study time was 3 hours or until the patient was discharged from the ER. Receives: Other: Non-pharmacologic treatment; Pursed-Lip Breathing Combined with Number Counting |
| Control arm | No intervention | The patients who were allocated to the control group received usual nursing care i.e. bed rest in a supine position in a quiet area. Patients were advised to limit their activity. The frequency of the vital signs monitoring and pharmacologic treatment were the same as the intervention group. |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Change of systolic blood pressure
The change of systolic blood pressure level was assessed.
Measured: pre-intervention and 3 hours after the intervention
Change of diastolic blood pressure
The change of diastolic blood pressure level was assessed.
Measured: pre-intervention and 3 hours after the intervention
Change of heart rate
The change of heart rate was assessed.
Measured: pre-intervention and 3 hours after the intervention
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted1 Oct 2020
- Study start1 Sep 2019
- Primary completion30 Jun 2020
- Study completion14 Sep 2020
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Other trials for Hypertensive UrgencyStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Model description
- This was a single-blinded randomized controlled trial.
- Masking
- Single blind
- Who is masked
- Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 112 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Khon Kaen University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Principal investigator, Praew Kotruchin, Khon Kaen University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT04572672
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- HE611586
- Status last verified
- Sep 2020
- First submitted
- 17 Sep 2020
- Last updated
- 1 Oct 2020
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 1 Oct 2020. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Effect of Pursed-Lip Breathing Combined With Number Counting on Blood Pressure and Heart Rate in Hypertensive Urgency Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT04572672
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- HE611586
- Conditions
- Hypertensive Urgency
- Keywords
- Hypertensive crisis, Uncontrolled hypertension, Mindfulness, Slow breathing, Emergency room
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 112 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Khon Kaen UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 1 Sep 2019 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 30 Jun 2020 (actual)
- Study completion
- 14 Sep 2020 (actual)
- First posted
- 1 Oct 2020 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
Hypertensive urgency (HT urgency) is an alarm sign of uncontrolled hypertension. It can be aggravated by nonadherent to medication and psychosocial stress. Mindfulness is beneficial for reducing stress, while deep and slow breathing is effective for blood pressure (BP) lowering. The objective of the study was to assess the effect of pursed-lip breathing with number counting (PLB with NC) that promotes mindfulness and a deep/slow breathing pattern on BP and heart rate (HR) in the HT urgency patients.
Detailed description
This was a single-blinded randomized controlled trial. Patients aged between 18-80 years old, diagnosed with HT urgency, who presented at the emergency room of Srinagarind hospital (a 1000-bed, tertiary-care level university hospital), Khon Kaen University between September 1st, 2019 to June 30th, 2020, were enrolled. Those with cardiac arrhythmias, acute HF, acute coronary syndromes, acute stroke, acute respiratory failure, alteration of consciousness, and pregnant women were excluded. This study was approved by the Khon Kaen University Ethical Review Board in Human Research (HE611586). All patients gave their written informed consent before the enrollment.HT urgency was defined as SBP >180 mmHg and/or DBP >110 mmHg without any signs or symptoms of target organ damages.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind (outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 2
- Model description
- This was a single-blinded randomized controlled trial.
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Purse lip breathing with number counting arm | Active comparator | Other: Non-pharmacologic treatment; Pursed-Lip Breathing Combined with Number Counting1) Position: The patient lies down in a semi-supine position, the bed is adjusted by 45-60 degrees, 2) Pursed-lip breathing and number counting "one and two" during inspiration, and 3) Number counting, "one, two, three, and four" during exhalation for the first 15 minutes (min) of each hour, total study time was 3 hours or until the patient was discharged from the ER. |
| Control arm | No intervention | –The patients who were allocated to the control group received usual nursing care i.e. bed rest in a supine position in a quiet area. Patients were advised to limit their activity. The frequency of the vital signs monitoring and pharmacologic treatment were the same as the intervention group. |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 18 to 80 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult, Older adult
Key inclusion criteria (1 listed)
- 18-80 years old patients who diagnosed with HT urgency, who presented at the emergency room
Key exclusion criteria (7 listed)
- Patients with cardiac arrhythmias,
- Acute heart failure
- Acute coronary syndromes
- Acute stroke
- Acute respiratory failure
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Non-pharmacologic treatment; Pursed-Lip Breathing Combined with Number CountingPursed-lip breathing and number counting "one and two" during inspiration, and then number counting, "one, two, three, and four" during exhalation. The nurse advised the patient to continue pursed-lip breathing with number counting for the first 15 minutes (min) of each hour to prevent the patient from being exhausted, total study time was 3 hours, or until the patient was discharged from the ER, or was withdrawn from the study. | Other | Purse lip breathing with number counting arm |
Primary outcome
Change of systolic blood pressure
Time frame: pre-intervention and 3 hours after the intervention
The change of systolic blood pressure level was assessed.
Change of diastolic blood pressure
Time frame: pre-intervention and 3 hours after the intervention
The change of diastolic blood pressure level was assessed.
Change of heart rate
Time frame: pre-intervention and 3 hours after the intervention
The change of heart rate was assessed.
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 1 Oct 2020.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
The record lists no contact. Use the official record to reach the sponsor.
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Non-pharmacologic treatment; Pursed-Lip Breathing Combined with Number Counting in people with Hypertensive Urgency, run by Khon Kaen University at 1 site in Thailand.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 1 inclusion and 7 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 1 Oct 2020. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Thailand. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Change of systolic blood pressure (time frame: pre-intervention and 3 hours after the intervention). The study lists 3 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 1 Oct 2020; AzTrials last refreshed its copy on 8 Nov 2026.