Shoulder CapsulitisNCT04668079
Modified Cross Body Stretch Verses Modified Sleeper Stretch in Basketball Players for Posterior Capsule Tightness
A study testing Modified cross body stretch and Modified sleeper stretch in people with Shoulder Capsulitis, run by Riphah International University at 1 site in Pakistan.
Trial summary
The aim of this research is to compare the effect of modified cross body stretch and modified sleeper stretch on pain, range of motion, disability and throwing ability in athletes with posterior capsule tightness. Randomized controlled trials done at International Islamic University. The sample size was 32. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 15 to 30 years
- Conditions the study is for
- Shoulder Capsulitis
- What is being tested?
- Modified cross body stretch and Modified sleeper stretch
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 32 participants
- Where
- 1 sitePakistan
- Study dates
- 1 Apr 2020to 8 Dec 2020
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 15 to 30 years
- All sexes
- No healthy volunteers
- Child, Adult
Who may be able to join
- Basketball Players
- Internal rotation deficit greater than 20° degrees
- BMI 18.5-24.9
Who cannot join
- Having a systemic pathology including inflammatory joint disease
- Having musculoskeletal or neurological disease
- Having taken anti-inflammatory medication
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
Pakistan1 site
Islamic international medical college
Islamabad, Punjab Province, 46000
About this study
Official title: Comparison of Modified Cross Body Stretch and Modified Sleeper Stretch in Basketball Players for Posterior Capsule Tightness in Basketball Players
The aim of this research is to compare the effect of modified cross body stretch and modified sleeper stretch on pain, range of motion, disability and throwing ability in athletes with posterior capsule tightness. Randomized controlled trials done at International Islamic University. The sample size was 32. The subjects were divided in two groups, 16 subjects in modified cross body stretch group and 16 in modified sleeper stretch group. Study duration was of 6 months. Sampling technique applied was non probability connivance sampling technique. Tools used in the study are PENN shoulder score, gonoiometer, thumb up back(TUB) and seated basketball throw test(SBBT). Data was be analyzed through SPSS 21.
Read the detailed description
Basketball is considered as the highly demanding sports due to high demand and complexity of the game. The overhead throwing activities makes it more vulnerable to the injuries. In repetitive throwing there are different type of violet forces placed on shoulder joint It causes adaptation in soft tissue anatomically which in turn limits ROM of shoulder joint and Posterior shoulder tightness.
Posterior capsule tightness can result due to abnormal humeral head motion which decreases subacromial space during overhead activities leading to compression of tissues causing limited shoulder flexion, internal rotation and horizontal adduction. Posterior capsule tightening occurs when the capsular tissue and musculature of the shoulder tighten, usually due to "repeated overload in the eccentric portion of arm deceleration. This loss of internal rotation results from contracture and tightening of the posterior inferior portion of the glenohumeral joint capsule, which occurs from the repetitive microtrauma imparted during the deceleration phase of the throwing motion. Repetitive throwing motion creates adaptive increased external rotation and decreased internal rotation in the dominant shoulder joint which is termed as GIRD (Glenohumeral internal rotation deficit).Posterior capsule tightness is often treated without surgery. It can be treated by strengthening, stretching, neuromuscular control exercises. Strengthening protocol can perform specifically on Weak muscles by using resistance and weight. The neuromuscular training helps the body to act and react on different pattern of stress demand on it through neural pathways. The mainstay of the posterior capsule tightness treatment for athlete is the stretching of the posterior capsule. One author proposed the modified forms, the modified sleeper stretch and the modified cross body stretch. And found these modified stretching more effective and beneficial than the sleeper and cross body stretch Literature review: Kevin et al investigated the acute effects of sleeper stretch on posterior shoulder tightness and internal rotation of shoulder. There was significant improvement in results.
A study conducted in 2018 to determine whether posterior shoulder stretch was effective in increasing internal rotation and horizontal adduction ROM in volleyball and tennis players with internal rotation deficit >¬¬15 degrees. The intervention group performs the sleeper stretch daily for 8 weeks. Results showed significant improvement in internal rotation and horizontal adduction.
Another article was published in 2014, with the aim to compare the effects of horizontal adduction stretch with scapular stabilization versus horizontal adduction stretch without scapular stabilization on posterior shoulder tightness and passive internal rotation. Results showed significant improvement among the scapular stabilization group.
A RCT conducted in which each subject completed stretching interventions for two days. Purpose of the study was to investigate acute effects of modified sleeper stretch and modified cross body stretch on posterior shoulder tightness and glenohumral internal rotation deficit with more than 10-degree loss.
- Conditions
- Shoulder Capsulitis
- Being tested
- Modified cross body stretch, Modified sleeper stretch
- Keywords
- Modified cross body stretch, Modified sleeper stretch, Posterior capsule tightness, Range of motion, Seated basketball throw, Thumb up back
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Modified cross body stretchOther
Athlete was in side lying positioned. trunk was moved posteriorly 200 to 300 and shoulder is raised to 900 and semi flex both knees. Athlete was ask to passively pull the humerus across the body into horizontal adduction with the opposite hand.
5 reps once daily 3 sets for 4 weeks was given
Modified sleeper stretchOther
Athlete was in side lying positioned on the involved side, trunk was rolled posteriorly 200 to 300 and shoulder is raised to 900 and elbow is flexed to 900 and semiflex both knees. athlete was ask to perform internal rotation passively by using the opposite arm.
5 reps once daily 3 sets for 4 weeks was given
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Modified cross body stretch | Experimental | modified cross body stretch Receives: Other: Modified cross body stretch |
| Modified sleeper stretch | Experimental | modified sleeper stretch Receives: Other: Modified sleeper stretch |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
PENN shoulder score
The disability of shoulder conditions was measured by Penn score. Which consists of 3 categories i.e.; pain, satisfaction and functional ability. Pain consists of 3 questionnaires that consists of 10 scores each (total 30) and then satisfaction, it consists of 1 questionnaire consists of 10 scores, functional ability consists of 20 questionnaires with 10 scores each for the questionnaire (total 60)
Measured: 4th week
Seated basketball throw
SBBT (seated basketball throws) was used to test the explosiveness of the upper extremity.
Measured: 4th week
Thumb up back(TUB)
(Thumb-up-the back- measurement) was used to measure the ability to actively move thumb up the back with the help of inch tape.
Measured: 4th week
Secondary outcomes (6)
Shoulder ROM (flexion)
Changes from the Baseline ROM range of Motion of Shoulder flexion was taken with the Help of Goniometer
Measured: 4th week
Shoulder ROM Extension
Changes from the Baseline ROM range of Motion of Shoulder extension was taken with the Help of Goniometer
Measured: 4th week
Shoulder ROM abduction
Changes from the Baseline ROM range of Motion of shoulder abduction was taken with the Help of Goniometer
Measured: 4th week
Shoulder ROM adduction
Changes from the Baseline ROM range of Motion of shoulder adduction was taken with the Help of Goniometer
Measured: 4th week
Shoulder ROM external rotation
Changes from the Baseline ROM range of Motion of Shoulder external rotation was taken with the Help of Goniometer
Measured: 4th week
Shoulder ROM internal rotation
Changes from the Baseline ROM range of Motion of Shoulder internal rotation was taken with the Help of Goniometer
Measured: 4th week
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted16 Dec 2020
- Study start1 Apr 2020
- Primary completion1 Nov 2020
- Study completion8 Dec 2020
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (12)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Shoulder CapsulitisStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Double blind
- Who is masked
- Participant, Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 32 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Riphah International University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Aisha Razzaq, MSPT-OMPT, Principal investigator, Riphah International University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT04668079
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- REC/00720 Rubina Naz
- Status last verified
- Dec 2020
- First submitted
- 9 Dec 2020
- Last updated
- 17 Dec 2020
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
Vukasevic V, Mitrovic M, Masanovic B. A comparative study of motor ability between elite basketball players from different regions. Sport Mont. 2020;18(1):Ahead of Print
Ekhtiari S, Khan M, Burrus T, Madden K, Gagnier J, Rogowski JP, Maerz T, Bedi A. Hip and Groin Injuries in Professional Basketball Players: Impact on Playing Career and Quality of Life After Retirement. Sports Health. 2019 May/Jun;11(3):218-222. doi: 10.1177/1941738119838274. Epub 2019 Apr 23.
PubMed 31013191Drakos MC, Domb B, Starkey C, Callahan L, Allen AA. Injury in the national basketball association: a 17-year overview. Sports Health. 2010 Jul;2(4):284-90. doi: 10.1177/1941738109357303.
PubMed 23015949Quartey J, Davor SF, Kwakye SK. An injury profile of basketball players in Accra, Ghana. S Afr J Physiother. 2019 Mar 27;75(1):467. doi: 10.4102/sajp.v75i1.467. eCollection 2019.
PubMed 31061911Grow K. The Sleeper Stretch: Effects on Range of Motion and Injury in Baseball Players. 2010
McClure P, Balaicuis J, Heiland D, Broersma ME, Thorndike CK, Wood A. A randomized controlled comparison of stretching procedures for posterior shoulder tightness. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2007 Mar;37(3):108-14. doi: 10.2519/jospt.2007.2337.
PubMed 17416125Rao MS, Tejitha S. COMPARISON OF 3 STRETCHING PROTOCOLS FOR POSTERIOR SHOULDER TIGHTNESS IN THROWERS. Int J Physiother Res. 2016;4(2):1429-35
Myers JB, Laudner KG, Pasquale MR, Bradley JP, Lephart SM. Glenohumeral range of motion deficits and posterior shoulder tightness in throwers with pathologic internal impingement. Am J Sports Med. 2006 Mar;34(3):385-91. doi: 10.1177/0363546505281804. Epub 2005 Nov 22.
PubMed 16303877Laudner KG, Sipes RC, Wilson JT. The acute effects of sleeper stretches on shoulder range of motion. J Athl Train. 2008 Jul-Aug;43(4):359-63. doi: 10.4085/1062-6050-43.4.359.
PubMed 18668168Chepeha JC, Magee DJ, Bouliane M, Sheps D, Beaupre L. Effectiveness of a Posterior Shoulder Stretching Program on University-Level Overhead Athletes: Randomized Controlled Trial. Clin J Sport Med. 2018 Mar;28(2):146-152. doi: 10.1097/JSM.0000000000000434.
PubMed 28731885Salamh PA, Kolber MJ, Hanney WJ. Effect of scapular stabilization during horizontal adduction stretching on passive internal rotation and posterior shoulder tightness in young women volleyball athletes: a randomized controlled trial. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2015 Feb;96(2):349-56. doi: 10.1016/j.apmr.2014.09.038. Epub 2014 Oct 23.
PubMed 25450120Immediate effects of two types of stretching techniques on glenohumeral internal rotation deficit and posterior shoulder tightness; a crossover randomised controlled trial
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 17 Dec 2020. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Comparison of Modified Cross Body Stretch and Modified Sleeper Stretch in Basketball Players for Posterior Capsule Tightness in Basketball Players
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT04668079
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- REC/00720 Rubina Naz
- Conditions
- Shoulder Capsulitis
- Keywords
- Modified cross body stretch, Modified sleeper stretch, Posterior capsule tightness, Range of motion, Seated basketball throw, Thumb up back
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 32 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Riphah International UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 1 Apr 2020 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 1 Nov 2020 (actual)
- Study completion
- 8 Dec 2020 (actual)
- First posted
- 16 Dec 2020 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
The aim of this research is to compare the effect of modified cross body stretch and modified sleeper stretch on pain, range of motion, disability and throwing ability in athletes with posterior capsule tightness. Randomized controlled trials done at International Islamic University. The sample size was 32. The subjects were divided in two groups, 16 subjects in modified cross body stretch group and 16 in modified sleeper stretch group. Study duration was of 6 months. Sampling technique applied was non probability connivance sampling technique. Tools used in the study are PENN shoulder score, gonoiometer, thumb up back(TUB) and seated basketball throw test(SBBT). Data was be analyzed through SPSS 21.
Detailed description
Basketball is considered as the highly demanding sports due to high demand and complexity of the game. The overhead throwing activities makes it more vulnerable to the injuries. In repetitive throwing there are different type of violet forces placed on shoulder joint It causes adaptation in soft tissue anatomically which in turn limits ROM of shoulder joint and Posterior shoulder tightness.
Posterior capsule tightness can result due to abnormal humeral head motion which decreases subacromial space during overhead activities leading to compression of tissues causing limited shoulder flexion, internal rotation and horizontal adduction. Posterior capsule tightening occurs when the capsular tissue and musculature of the shoulder tighten, usually due to "repeated overload in the eccentric portion of arm deceleration. This loss of internal rotation results from contracture and tightening of the posterior inferior portion of the glenohumeral joint capsule, which occurs from the repetitive microtrauma imparted during the deceleration phase of the throwing motion. Repetitive throwing motion creates adaptive increased external rotation and decreased internal rotation in the dominant shoulder joint which is termed as GIRD (Glenohumeral internal rotation deficit).Posterior capsule tightness is often treated without surgery. It can be treated by strengthening, stretching, neuromuscular control exercises. Strengthening protocol can perform specifically on Weak muscles by using resistance and weight. The neuromuscular training helps the body to act and react on different pattern of stress demand on it through neural pathways. The mainstay of the posterior capsule tightness treatment for athlete is the stretching of the posterior capsule. One author proposed the modified forms, the modified sleeper stretch and the modified cross body stretch. And found these modified stretching more effective and beneficial than the sleeper and cross body stretch Literature review: Kevin et al investigated the acute effects of sleeper stretch on posterior shoulder tightness and internal rotation of shoulder. There was significant improvement in results.
A study conducted in 2018 to determine whether posterior shoulder stretch was effective in increasing internal rotation and horizontal adduction ROM in volleyball and tennis players with internal rotation deficit >¬¬15 degrees. The intervention group performs the sleeper stretch daily for 8 weeks. Results showed significant improvement in internal rotation and horizontal adduction.
Another article was published in 2014, with the aim to compare the effects of horizontal adduction stretch with scapular stabilization versus horizontal adduction stretch without scapular stabilization on posterior shoulder tightness and passive internal rotation. Results showed significant improvement among the scapular stabilization group.
A RCT conducted in which each subject completed stretching interventions for two days. Purpose of the study was to investigate acute effects of modified sleeper stretch and modified cross body stretch on posterior shoulder tightness and glenohumral internal rotation deficit with more than 10-degree loss.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Double blind (participant, outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Modified cross body stretch | Experimental | Other: Modified cross body stretchmodified cross body stretch |
| Modified sleeper stretch | Experimental | Other: Modified sleeper stretchmodified sleeper stretch |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 15 to 30 years
- Sex
- All
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Child, Adult
Key inclusion criteria (3 listed)
- Basketball Players
- Internal rotation deficit greater than 20° degrees
- BMI 18.5-24.9
Key exclusion criteria (3 listed)
- Having a systemic pathology including inflammatory joint disease
- Having musculoskeletal or neurological disease
- Having taken anti-inflammatory medication
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Modified cross body stretchAthlete was in side lying positioned. trunk was moved posteriorly 200 to 300 and shoulder is raised to 900 and semi flex both knees. Athlete was ask to passively pull the humerus across the body into horizontal adduction with the opposite hand. 5 reps once daily 3 sets for 4 weeks was given | Other | Modified cross body stretch |
| Modified sleeper stretchAthlete was in side lying positioned on the involved side, trunk was rolled posteriorly 200 to 300 and shoulder is raised to 900 and elbow is flexed to 900 and semiflex both knees. athlete was ask to perform internal rotation passively by using the opposite arm. 5 reps once daily 3 sets for 4 weeks was given | Other | Modified sleeper stretch |
Primary outcome
PENN shoulder score
Time frame: 4th week
The disability of shoulder conditions was measured by Penn score. Which consists of 3 categories i.e.; pain, satisfaction and functional ability. Pain consists of 3 questionnaires that consists of 10 scores each (total 30) and then satisfaction, it consists of 1 questionnaire consists of 10 scores, functional ability consists of 20 questionnaires with 10 scores each for the questionnaire (total 60)
Seated basketball throw
Time frame: 4th week
SBBT (seated basketball throws) was used to test the explosiveness of the upper extremity.
Thumb up back(TUB)
Time frame: 4th week
(Thumb-up-the back- measurement) was used to measure the ability to actively move thumb up the back with the help of inch tape.
6 secondary outcomes
Shoulder ROM (flexion)
Time frame: 4th week
Shoulder ROM Extension
Time frame: 4th week
Shoulder ROM abduction
Time frame: 4th week
Shoulder ROM adduction
Time frame: 4th week
Shoulder ROM external rotation
Time frame: 4th week
Shoulder ROM internal rotation
Time frame: 4th week
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 17 Dec 2020.
- BackgroundVukasevic V, Mitrovic M, Masanovic B. A comparative study of motor ability between elite basketball players from different regions. Sport Mont. 2020;18(1):Ahead of Print
- Background: PubMed 31013191Ekhtiari S, Khan M, Burrus T, Madden K, Gagnier J, Rogowski JP, Maerz T, Bedi A. Hip and Groin Injuries in Professional Basketball Players: Impact on Playing Career and Quality of Life After Retirement. Sports Health. 2019 May/Jun;11(3):218-222. doi: 10.1177/1941738119838274. Epub 2019 Apr 23.
- Background: PubMed 23015949Drakos MC, Domb B, Starkey C, Callahan L, Allen AA. Injury in the national basketball association: a 17-year overview. Sports Health. 2010 Jul;2(4):284-90. doi: 10.1177/1941738109357303.
- Background: PubMed 31061911Quartey J, Davor SF, Kwakye SK. An injury profile of basketball players in Accra, Ghana. S Afr J Physiother. 2019 Mar 27;75(1):467. doi: 10.4102/sajp.v75i1.467. eCollection 2019.
- BackgroundGrow K. The Sleeper Stretch: Effects on Range of Motion and Injury in Baseball Players. 2010
- Background: PubMed 17416125McClure P, Balaicuis J, Heiland D, Broersma ME, Thorndike CK, Wood A. A randomized controlled comparison of stretching procedures for posterior shoulder tightness. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2007 Mar;37(3):108-14. doi: 10.2519/jospt.2007.2337.
- BackgroundRao MS, Tejitha S. COMPARISON OF 3 STRETCHING PROTOCOLS FOR POSTERIOR SHOULDER TIGHTNESS IN THROWERS. Int J Physiother Res. 2016;4(2):1429-35
- Background: PubMed 16303877Myers JB, Laudner KG, Pasquale MR, Bradley JP, Lephart SM. Glenohumeral range of motion deficits and posterior shoulder tightness in throwers with pathologic internal impingement. Am J Sports Med. 2006 Mar;34(3):385-91. doi: 10.1177/0363546505281804. Epub 2005 Nov 22.
- Background: PubMed 18668168Laudner KG, Sipes RC, Wilson JT. The acute effects of sleeper stretches on shoulder range of motion. J Athl Train. 2008 Jul-Aug;43(4):359-63. doi: 10.4085/1062-6050-43.4.359.
- Background: PubMed 28731885Chepeha JC, Magee DJ, Bouliane M, Sheps D, Beaupre L. Effectiveness of a Posterior Shoulder Stretching Program on University-Level Overhead Athletes: Randomized Controlled Trial. Clin J Sport Med. 2018 Mar;28(2):146-152. doi: 10.1097/JSM.0000000000000434.
- Background: PubMed 25450120Salamh PA, Kolber MJ, Hanney WJ. Effect of scapular stabilization during horizontal adduction stretching on passive internal rotation and posterior shoulder tightness in young women volleyball athletes: a randomized controlled trial. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2015 Feb;96(2):349-56. doi: 10.1016/j.apmr.2014.09.038. Epub 2014 Oct 23.
- BackgroundImmediate effects of two types of stretching techniques on glenohumeral internal rotation deficit and posterior shoulder tightness; a crossover randomised controlled trial
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Aisha Razzaq, MSPT-OMPT principal investigator
Riphah International University
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Modified cross body stretch and Modified sleeper stretch in people with Shoulder Capsulitis, run by Riphah International University at 1 site in Pakistan.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 3 inclusion and 3 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 17 Dec 2020. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Pakistan. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
PENN shoulder score (time frame: 4th week). The study lists 3 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT04668079, which also lists 12 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 17 Dec 2020.