Asthma in PregnancyNCT04674943
Breathing Exercises in Asthma During Pregnancy
A study testing Breathing exercises in people with Asthma in Pregnancy, run by Riphah International University at 1 site in Pakistan.
Trial summary
The aim of this research is to determine the effects of breathing exercises on asthmatic pregnant females. A randomized controlled trial will be done for which the calculated sample size is 24. Read more about this study
- Who is it for?
- Ages 20 to 40 years, women only
- Conditions the study is for
- Asthma in Pregnancy
- What is being tested?
- Breathing exercises
- Could I receive a placebo?
- No, everyone receives an active treatment
- How many people
- 24 participants
- Where
- 1 sitePakistan
- Study dates
- 25 Sep 2020to 20 Jan 2021
- Phase
- Interventional
- Are there results?
- None posted in the registry
Key requirements
Who can take part, as listed by the sponsor. Only the study team can confirm whether you are eligible, so take this list to your doctor.
- Ages 20 to 40 years
- Women only
- No healthy volunteers
- Adult
Who may be able to join
- Maternal age 20-40years
- Gestational week 13 to 28 weeks
- Asthma in women with mild and intermittent asthma
- Asthma in women with active mild and persistent asthma
Who cannot join
- Patents with any psychological disorder
- Patients with neurological, musculoskeletal, cardiac and pulmonary disease and physical impairments
Trial locations and contacts
1 site in 1 country.
About this study
Official title: Effects of Breathing Exercises on Asthmatic Pregnant Females
The aim of this research is to determine the effects of breathing exercises on asthmatic pregnant females. A randomized controlled trial will be done for which the calculated sample size is 24. Non probability purposive sampling technique will be used and the subjects will be randomly divided in two groups, with one group undergoing pharmacological management where as breathing exercises will be provided to the other group. Lung volumes and capacities as well as quality of life will be assessed through questionnaire in order to determine the effect of breathing exercises in patients with asthma.
Read the detailed description
Asthma is defined as chronic inflammatory condition of airways, characterized by periodic episodes of wheezing, cough, chest tightness, shortness of breath and which are often worse at night. This causes hyper-responsiveness of airways and flow of air obstruction leading to breathing difficulty. Asthma in pregnancy is a common risk factor for fetal and maternal complications. Asthma also effects outcomes of pregnancy and pregnancy affects asthma severity which has being currently being examined.
Approximately 50% of asthmatic pregnant females 25 percent experience a worsening of asthma control at some stage during pregnancy, and most of them take corticosteroids for the management of acute and chronic exacerbation. Pathogenesis of asthma during pregnancy is entirely related to the physiological and pathological changes .Uterine enlargement causes hormonal changes during pregnancy directly or indirectly Asthmatic women have an increased ratio of associated co-morbidities which have direct effect on it where by increasing risk of perinatal outcomes. Pregnancy associated with asthma affects women in many ways. Hormonal imbalances occurring during pregnancy affects lungs as well as sinuses. Increased estrogen causes nasal congestion during the 3rd trimester. A rise in progesterone may cause a feeling of shortness of breath. Its important to identify or diagnose asthma being a major cause of shortness of breath during pregnancy. Breathing exercises includes nasal breathing, diaphragmatic breathing, deep pursed lip breathing. They have beneficial effects, such as betterment in health related (QOL)quality of life ,decreasing anxiety ,depression, improving asthma symptoms, the treatment using relief medication, occurrence of exacerbations, and hyperresponsiveness of airways.
Global Initiative for Asthma(GINA GUIDELINES 2019)illustrated that non pharmacological management such as patient's education, breathing exercises and relaxation techniques can be used as an adjunct to asthma pharmacotherapy. Breathing exercises includes nasal breathing, diaphragmatic breathing, deep pursed lip breathing. They have beneficial effects, such as betterment in health related (QOL)quality of life, decreasing anxiety ,depression, improving asthma symptoms, the treatment using relief medication, occurrence of exacerbations, and hyperresponsiveness of airways in patients with asthma. Literature reviewed from different search engines shows that there are limited studies available regarding non pharmacological management of asthma during pregnancy so Current study is planned to assess if non pharmacological management such as breathing exercise techniques will help improve asthma symptoms exacerbation as well as quality of life following regular plan of exercises and relaxation techniques collectively.
- Conditions
- Asthma in Pregnancy
- Being tested
- Breathing exercises
- Keywords
- Asthma, Forced Expiratory volume in 1 sec (FEV1), Forced Vital capacity (FVC), Peak Expiratory flow rate, Pregnancy, Quality of life
- Medical subject headings
- Asthma
What participants receive
What participants receive. In a randomised study each person is assigned to one group by chance.
Breathing exercisesOther
Breathing exercises as well as Buteyko technique and Papworth relaxation method was performed as relaxation technique. All exercises were performed 15rep 3 sets for 15 min.
| Study group | Role | What they receive |
|---|---|---|
| Control group | No intervention | No physical therapy intervention was given. Only pharmacological treatment was provided. |
| Breathing exercise group | Experimental | 1. Pursed lip breathing 15 reps x 3 sets) 2: Diaphragmatic breathing (15 reps x 3 sets) 3:Lateral costal breathing 15 reps x 3 sets) Receives: Other: Breathing exercises |
What is being measured
The primary outcome is the main question the study is designed to answer.
Peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR)
Peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) measured through digital spirometer. Peak Expiratory Flow Rate (PEFR) measured through digital spirometer. Three zones of measurement are commonly used to interpret peak flow rates. Normal value of PEFR is (80-100%). Green zone indicates 80 to 100 percent of the usual or normal peak flow reading, yellow zone indicates 50 to 79 percent of the usual or normal peak flow readings, and red zone indicates less than 50 percent of the usual or normal peak flow readings.
Measured: 4 weeks
Forced vital capacity (FVC)
Forced vital capacity (FVC) measured through digital spirometer. If the value of FVC is within 80% of the reference value, the results are considered normal.
Measured: 4 weeks
Forced expiratory volume in 1sec (FEV1)
Forced expiratory volume in 1sec (FEV1) measured through digital spirometer. If the value of FEV1 is within 80% of the reference value, the results are considered normal.
Measured: 4 weeks
FVC/FEV1
FVC/FEV1 measured through digital spirometer. The normal value for the FEV1/FVC ratio is 70% (and 65% in persons older than age 65).
Measured: 4 weeks
Asthma Control Questionnaire
Asthma Control questionnaire is a self-reported subjective outcome measurement tool that is used to measure the sufficiency of asthma symptom control and changes in asthma symptoms. It is 5 point scale with scores ranging from 0 to 5 for each item. The greater the score of Asthma Control questionnaire, the better the prognosis and outcome.
Measured: 4 weeks
Secondary outcomes (1)
Quality of life questionnaire (Short form 36) - SF 36
The 36-Item Short Form Survey (SF-36) is an oft-used, well-researched, self-reported measure of health which indicates quality of life with regard to different health domains.
Measured: 4 weeks
Timeline
From the start of the study to its completion; the mark is today. Estimated dates are the sponsor’s plan.
- First posted19 Dec 2020
- Study start25 Sep 2020
- Primary completion15 Jan 2021
- Study completion20 Jan 2021
Resources
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govThe registry entry this page is built from, with its full change history.
- Publications (6)Papers the sponsor has linked to this study.
- Other trials for Asthma in PregnancyStudies of the same condition, open and under way.
- What the trial phases meanHow a treatment moves from first tests in people to approval.
More details
For doctors and researchers: how the study is designed, who runs it, and its registry IDs.
Study design
- Study type
- Interventional
- Phase
- Phase N/A
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind
- Who is masked
- Outcomes assessor
- Enrolment
- 24 participants (actual)
Sponsor and investigators
- Lead sponsor
- Riphah International University
- Sponsor type
- University, hospital or other
- Responsible party
- Sponsor
- Investigators
- Suman Sheraz, PhD*, Principal investigator, Riphah International University
IDs, dates and publications
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT04674943
- Sponsor's protocol ID
- REC/00702 Saba Seemab
- Status last verified
- Mar 2021
- First submitted
- 16 Dec 2020
- Last updated
- 23 Mar 2021
- Results posted
- No
- Data monitoring committee
- No
- FDA-regulated drug
- No
- FDA-regulated device
- No
- Individual data sharing
- No
Publications
Murphy VE, Gibson PG. Asthma in pregnancy. Clin Chest Med. 2011 Mar;32(1):93-110. doi: 10.1016/j.ccm.2010.10.001. Epub 2010 Dec 17.
PubMed 21277452Wang H, Li N, Huang H. Asthma in Pregnancy: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, Whole-Course Management, and Medication Safety. Can Respir J. 2020 Feb 22;2020:9046842. doi: 10.1155/2020/9046842. eCollection 2020.
PubMed 32184907Murphy VE. Managing asthma in pregnancy. Breathe (Sheff). 2015 Dec;11(4):258-67. doi: 10.1183/20734735.007915.
PubMed 27066119Tan KS, Thomson NC. Asthma in pregnancy. Am J Med. 2000 Dec 15;109(9):727-33. doi: 10.1016/s0002-9343(00)00615-x.
PubMed 11137489Labor S, Dalbello Tir AM, Plavec D, Juric I, Roglic M, Pavkov Vukelic J, Labor M. What is safe enough - asthma in pregnancy - a review of current literature and recommendations. Asthma Res Pract. 2018 Dec 27;4:11. doi: 10.1186/s40733-018-0046-5. eCollection 2018.
PubMed 30607253Evaristo KB, Mendes FAR, Saccomani MG, Cukier A, Carvalho-Pinto RM, Rodrigues MR, Santaella DF, Saraiva-Romanholo BM, Martins MA, Carvalho CRF. Effects of Aerobic Training Versus Breathing Exercises on Asthma Control: A Randomized Trial. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2020 Oct;8(9):2989-2996.e4. doi: 10.1016/j.jaip.2020.06.042. Epub 2020 Aug 6.
PubMed 32773365
Study at a glance
From the registry record, last updated by the sponsor on 23 Mar 2021. Recruitment status is as the sponsor reported it: confirm with the study team.
- Official title
- Effects of Breathing Exercises on Asthmatic Pregnant Females
- ClinicalTrials.gov ID
- NCT04674943
- Acronym / sponsor ID
- REC/00702 Saba Seemab
- Conditions
- Asthma in Pregnancy
- Keywords
- Asthma, Forced Expiratory volume in 1 sec (FEV1), Forced Vital capacity (FVC), Peak Expiratory flow rate, Pregnancy, Quality of life
- Study type
- Interventional
- Recruitment status
- Completed
- Enrolment
- 24 participants (actual)
- Lead sponsor
- Riphah International UniversityUniversity, hospital or other
- Study start
- 25 Sep 2020 (actual)
- Primary completion
- 15 Jan 2021 (actual)
- Study completion
- 20 Jan 2021 (actual)
- First posted
- 19 Dec 2020 (actual)
- Results
- Not posted in the source record
Clinical summary
The research question as the sponsor registered it. This describes what the study plans to test, not what it found.
The aim of this research is to determine the effects of breathing exercises on asthmatic pregnant females. A randomized controlled trial will be done for which the calculated sample size is 24. Non probability purposive sampling technique will be used and the subjects will be randomly divided in two groups, with one group undergoing pharmacological management where as breathing exercises will be provided to the other group. Lung volumes and capacities as well as quality of life will be assessed through questionnaire in order to determine the effect of breathing exercises in patients with asthma.
Detailed description
Asthma is defined as chronic inflammatory condition of airways, characterized by periodic episodes of wheezing, cough, chest tightness, shortness of breath and which are often worse at night. This causes hyper-responsiveness of airways and flow of air obstruction leading to breathing difficulty. Asthma in pregnancy is a common risk factor for fetal and maternal complications. Asthma also effects outcomes of pregnancy and pregnancy affects asthma severity which has being currently being examined.
Approximately 50% of asthmatic pregnant females 25 percent experience a worsening of asthma control at some stage during pregnancy, and most of them take corticosteroids for the management of acute and chronic exacerbation. Pathogenesis of asthma during pregnancy is entirely related to the physiological and pathological changes .Uterine enlargement causes hormonal changes during pregnancy directly or indirectly Asthmatic women have an increased ratio of associated co-morbidities which have direct effect on it where by increasing risk of perinatal outcomes. Pregnancy associated with asthma affects women in many ways. Hormonal imbalances occurring during pregnancy affects lungs as well as sinuses. Increased estrogen causes nasal congestion during the 3rd trimester. A rise in progesterone may cause a feeling of shortness of breath. Its important to identify or diagnose asthma being a major cause of shortness of breath during pregnancy. Breathing exercises includes nasal breathing, diaphragmatic breathing, deep pursed lip breathing. They have beneficial effects, such as betterment in health related (QOL)quality of life ,decreasing anxiety ,depression, improving asthma symptoms, the treatment using relief medication, occurrence of exacerbations, and hyperresponsiveness of airways.
Global Initiative for Asthma(GINA GUIDELINES 2019)illustrated that non pharmacological management such as patient's education, breathing exercises and relaxation techniques can be used as an adjunct to asthma pharmacotherapy. Breathing exercises includes nasal breathing, diaphragmatic breathing, deep pursed lip breathing. They have beneficial effects, such as betterment in health related (QOL)quality of life, decreasing anxiety ,depression, improving asthma symptoms, the treatment using relief medication, occurrence of exacerbations, and hyperresponsiveness of airways in patients with asthma. Literature reviewed from different search engines shows that there are limited studies available regarding non pharmacological management of asthma during pregnancy so Current study is planned to assess if non pharmacological management such as breathing exercise techniques will help improve asthma symptoms exacerbation as well as quality of life following regular plan of exercises and relaxation techniques collectively.
Study design
- Primary purpose
- Treatment
- Allocation
- Randomised
- Intervention model
- Parallel groups
- Masking
- Single blind (outcomes assessor)
- Number of arms
- 2
| Arm | Type | Receives |
|---|---|---|
| Control group | No intervention | –No physical therapy intervention was given. Only pharmacological treatment was provided. |
| Breathing exercise group | Experimental | Other: Breathing exercises1. Pursed lip breathing 15 reps x 3 sets) 2: Diaphragmatic breathing (15 reps x 3 sets) 3:Lateral costal breathing 15 reps x 3 sets) |
Who may qualify
- Ages
- 20 to 40 years
- Sex
- Female only
- Healthy volunteers
- Not accepted
- Age groups
- Adult
Key inclusion criteria (4 listed)
- Maternal age 20-40years
- Gestational week 13 to 28 weeks
- Asthma in women with mild and intermittent asthma
- Asthma in women with active mild and persistent asthma
Key exclusion criteria (2 listed)
- Patents with any psychological disorder
- Patients with neurological, musculoskeletal, cardiac and pulmonary disease and physical impairments
Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening; this overview does not establish that a patient qualifies. Full inclusion and exclusion criteria.
Interventions
| Intervention | Type | Arms |
|---|---|---|
| Breathing exercisesBreathing exercises as well as Buteyko technique and Papworth relaxation method was performed as relaxation technique. All exercises were performed 15rep 3 sets for 15 min. | Other | Breathing exercise group |
Primary outcome
Peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR)
Time frame: 4 weeks
Peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) measured through digital spirometer. Peak Expiratory Flow Rate (PEFR) measured through digital spirometer. Three zones of measurement are commonly used to interpret peak flow rates. Normal value of PEFR is (80-100%). Green zone indicates 80 to 100 percent of the usual or normal peak flow reading, yellow zone indicates 50 to 79 percent of the usual or normal peak flow readings, and red zone indicates less than 50 percent of the usual or normal peak flow readings.
Forced vital capacity (FVC)
Time frame: 4 weeks
Forced vital capacity (FVC) measured through digital spirometer. If the value of FVC is within 80% of the reference value, the results are considered normal.
Forced expiratory volume in 1sec (FEV1)
Time frame: 4 weeks
Forced expiratory volume in 1sec (FEV1) measured through digital spirometer. If the value of FEV1 is within 80% of the reference value, the results are considered normal.
FVC/FEV1
Time frame: 4 weeks
FVC/FEV1 measured through digital spirometer. The normal value for the FEV1/FVC ratio is 70% (and 65% in persons older than age 65).
Asthma Control Questionnaire
Time frame: 4 weeks
Asthma Control questionnaire is a self-reported subjective outcome measurement tool that is used to measure the sufficiency of asthma symptom control and changes in asthma symptoms. It is 5 point scale with scores ranging from 0 to 5 for each item. The greater the score of Asthma Control questionnaire, the better the prognosis and outcome.
1 secondary outcome
Quality of life questionnaire (Short form 36) - SF 36
Time frame: 4 weeks
Results and safety
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
Research links
- Official record on ClinicalTrials.govLast updated by the sponsor 23 Mar 2021.
- Background: PubMed 21277452Murphy VE, Gibson PG. Asthma in pregnancy. Clin Chest Med. 2011 Mar;32(1):93-110. doi: 10.1016/j.ccm.2010.10.001. Epub 2010 Dec 17.
- Background: PubMed 32184907Wang H, Li N, Huang H. Asthma in Pregnancy: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, Whole-Course Management, and Medication Safety. Can Respir J. 2020 Feb 22;2020:9046842. doi: 10.1155/2020/9046842. eCollection 2020.
- Background: PubMed 27066119Murphy VE. Managing asthma in pregnancy. Breathe (Sheff). 2015 Dec;11(4):258-67. doi: 10.1183/20734735.007915.
- Background: PubMed 11137489Tan KS, Thomson NC. Asthma in pregnancy. Am J Med. 2000 Dec 15;109(9):727-33. doi: 10.1016/s0002-9343(00)00615-x.
- Background: PubMed 30607253Labor S, Dalbello Tir AM, Plavec D, Juric I, Roglic M, Pavkov Vukelic J, Labor M. What is safe enough - asthma in pregnancy - a review of current literature and recommendations. Asthma Res Pract. 2018 Dec 27;4:11. doi: 10.1186/s40733-018-0046-5. eCollection 2018.
- Background: PubMed 32773365Evaristo KB, Mendes FAR, Saccomani MG, Cukier A, Carvalho-Pinto RM, Rodrigues MR, Santaella DF, Saraiva-Romanholo BM, Martins MA, Carvalho CRF. Effects of Aerobic Training Versus Breathing Exercises on Asthma Control: A Randomized Trial. J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2020 Oct;8(9):2989-2996.e4. doi: 10.1016/j.jaip.2020.06.042. Epub 2020 Aug 6.
- Individual participant dataSharing planned: No
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Referral and contact
AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals. Contact the study team or a site listed below; they decide who can take part. This study is not recruiting at the moment.
Suman Sheraz, PhD* principal investigator
Riphah International University
1 site in 1 country: see every site and its status.
Questions about this trial
What is this clinical trial studying?
A study testing Breathing exercises in people with Asthma in Pregnancy, run by Riphah International University at 1 site in Pakistan.
The full registered description is in the About this study section and the official record.
Who may be eligible to take part?
The sponsor lists 4 inclusion and 2 exclusion criteria. Eligibility is decided by the study team after screening, so read the full criteria and contact a listed site.
Is this clinical trial currently recruiting?
The record says: finished, as of the sponsor's last update on 23 Mar 2021. Status can change between updates, so confirm with the study contact before making plans.
Where is the study taking place?
The record lists 1 site in Pakistan. Whether a site is taking part right now should be confirmed with that site. See every site.
What are the possible benefits and risks?
They depend on the study and the treatment, and no study can promise a benefit. The study team explains the known risks during informed consent, before anyone joins; the record itself does not list them.
Are results available for this study?
The study is completed, but results are not available in the source record. That does not mean the treatment did or did not work.
How can a doctor refer a patient or contact the research team?
The record lists no contact. The official record names the sponsor, who can be asked directly. AzTrials does not enrol participants or take referrals.
What does the primary outcome measure?
Peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) (time frame: 4 weeks). The study lists 5 primary outcomes in all. It is what the study was designed to measure, not a finding.
Where can I read the original study information?
On the ClinicalTrials.gov record for NCT04674943, which also lists 6 linked publications.
Does a listing mean the treatment is approved or proven to work?
No. A listing means the study is registered. It does not show that the treatment is safe, works, or is approved by a regulator.
How often is this information updated?
AzTrials copies changed records from ClinicalTrials.gov every night and reloads the whole registry every week. The sponsor last updated this record on 23 Mar 2021.